CN1509910A

CN1509910A - Automatic mechanical non-loss suspension

Info

Publication number: CN1509910A
Application number: CNA02158270XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周苗长
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-12-20
Filing date: 2002-12-20
Publication date: 2004-07-07

Abstract

An automatic mechanical suspension without energy consumption for automatically regulating the height of vehicle to proper value and making the rigidity of suspension be relatively lower for higher performance is composed of displacing, pressure accumulating, pressure releasing and pressure boosting units, a sub-piston in the compression cavity, and a second cavity opposite to the sub-piston. When the height of vehicle is too hight or low, it can automatically lower or increase it to a proper value.

Description

The automatically controlled wheel suspension of the no energy consumption of pure machinery

One, technical field

The present invention relates to the suspension field of various vehicles.

Two, background technology

Suspension is the chief component of vehicle, and it flexibly couples together vehicle body and wheel, and is bearing multiple application force.Because the rigidity of traditional passive its elastic element of suspension is unadjustable, the rule that its bodywork height is changed along with load change is constant, also promptly works near the quiescent operation of vehicle its suspension when fully loaded or unloaded is named a person for a particular job the two ends that are in elastic element.Therefore, these emphasize that with travelling comfort, enforcement ride comfort, road-holding property etc. be the conventional suspension of in-use performance, and it can only make compromise selection in practice inevitably between various performances.

In order to improve the various in-use performances of vehicle all sidedly, the designer try hard to make the height of suspension be carry out regulatable.So active suspension occurred, they normally produce control energy by oil pump or air compressor, and according to the detected various information of various sensors, instruct actr after handling by analysis by electronic control package again, high-voltage oil liquid by increasing and decreasing its pressure accumulater or compressed-air actuated mode are controlled overall height, thereby obtained excellent control effect, its numerous preceence also is known altogether." the chamber control of vehicle electronics electricity " that " automobile electric control system theoretical with design " for example published " structural principle of Modern Car electronic controlled suspension and maintenance " of publishing press of Beijing Institute of Technology in August, 1998 and in November, 1999 and People's Transportation Press publish in May, 1999 etc. have more detailed description to above-mentioned background.But, cause them can only on the high-grade luxurious vehicle of only a few, obtain using, so limited their penetration and promotion to heavens because many unfavorable factors such as their complex structures, technological requirement height, cost costliness and expenditure of energy exist.

Three, summary of the invention

In order to solve aforementioned existing variety of issue, can obtain a kind of functional, low-cost, no energy consumption and suspension that again can automatic guidance overall height (referring to quiescent point).Among the present invention, to be the car height controlling signal according to the different vibration displacement state variation of the suspension of vehicle under various different loads situations, and the vibrational energy that produced of utilize it to travel simultaneously time nature, by the transformation of energy of pressurizer, required expenditure of energy when the pressure that produces fluid can be satisfied car height controlling; Thereby saved the required a large amount of electronicies package of common active suspension and other device, and its simple and compact for structure making is convenient to be installed on the various vehicles, and controls in the full automaticity mode of pure machinery.Therefore, compare, make the present invention have significant advantage such as low cost, no energy consumption more highlightedly with existing active suspension.

Technical scheme

The automatically controlled wheel suspension of the no energy consumption of a kind of pure machinery: it has Displacement system, pressure accumulater, pressure purger and pressurizer.Also promptly:

It has the vibration displacement device that can reflect that jerk value changes between vehicle body (comprising vehicle frame, car body, as follows) and the wheel (comprising vehicle bridge, axletree, as follows).This device comprises: the inner of main piston and piston rod has fixedly constituted the main piston assembly, and be contained in the clutch release slave cylinder and its inner chamber be separated into compression chamber and uphold the chamber, one of the outer end of its piston rod and clutch release slave cylinder will correspondingly be connected on the vehicle body, and another will correspondingly be connected on the wheel.Thereby main piston will do reciprocating linear motion in clutch release slave cylinder when Vehicular vibration.

It also has can play the pressure accumulater that flexibly supports the corresponding weight effect of vehicle body, and this device includes pressure accumulation cylinder body and pressure accumulation chamber and elastic medium (referring to various springs, gas), or various hydro-pneumatic springs, gas-liquid spring etc.It both can become monolithic construction with above-mentioned Displacement system respective fixation, also can be connected to become split type structure by high pressure fuel pipe is corresponding, if whether bear the high-voltage oil liquid pressure (be in the compression chamber whether high-voltage oil liquid) of this pressure accumulater according to piston rod, then can be divided into two kinds of situations of pressure-bearing type and free style.Therefore when increasing and decreasing the oil mass of its high-voltage oil liquid, just can make overall height (being the quiescent point of suspension, as follows) corresponding rising or decline.

It also has makes the pressure purger that discharges pressure accumulater (comprising the chamber that communicates with it, for example the compression chamber of pressure-bearing type structure) high-voltage oil liquid when overall height is too high.When vehicle because of underloading or unloaded when making too high its Displacement system of overall height uphold a desired location relatively, can will be contained in the reducing valve of upholding chamber or its top by the displacement of main piston and clutch release slave cylinder for the all-in structure of piston rod opens, structure for pressure-bearing type then can be connected the passage of decompression by the displacement of main piston sidewall, thereby makes the corresponding decline of overall height.

And it also has the innovation part and is: can with vehicle overall height cross suspension vibrational energy when travelling under the low state be converted to oil liquid pressure can pressurizer.This device is included in the compression chamber of Displacement system and correspondingly is fixed with auxiliary piston, this auxiliary piston both can correspondingly be fixed in main piston assembly (inner end that has comprised main piston and piston rod), also can correspondingly be fixed in compression chamber not end (being the compression stroke end not of clutch release slave cylinder), and auxiliary piston over against direction also have a secondary chamber; When above-mentioned auxiliary piston and secondary chamber make their butt joints along with the relative compression of Displacement system after, just can make above-mentioned secondary chamber or make the lateral compartments transformation of auxiliary piston form a relative booster cavity that separates of isolating with compression chamber; And above-mentioned booster cavity also has can supply its oil-out delivery valve, it presses oily process to begin when Displacement system further compresses, at this moment, oil pressure in the booster cavity raises and is pressed into the compression chamber of pressure accumulation chamber or pressure-bearing type structure through this valve, also can be stored in advance in the pressure-storing cavity, the unlatching by the stroke valve enters in pressure accumulation chamber or the compression chamber more afterwards; Simultaneously, above-mentioned booster cavity also has can be for the inlet valve of its oil-feed, the oil-feed process begins when pressing oily process stop bit moving device to transfer extension stroke to, at this moment, the fluid of relatively low pressure (as the compression chamber of shoe cream room, extension chamber or free style structure) will enter in the booster cavity through above-mentioned inlet valve; After the further extension of Displacement system made auxiliary piston and the disengaging of secondary chamber, then booster cavity fused again with compression chamber both fluid is also merged.Therefore, pressure oil and oil-feed process by above increase the high pressure oil mass, and then overall height are correspondingly risen.

Four, description of drawings

Below be various preferred embodiment sectional side elevations, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a kind of integral type pressure-bearing type organigram of booster cavity when being formed by secondary chamber;

A kind of integral type pressure-bearing type organigram of Fig. 2 when to be booster cavity by chamber, the auxiliary piston outside form;

Fig. 3 is a kind of integral type pressure-bearing type organigram of booster cavity when being formed by secondary chamber;

A kind of split type pressure-bearing type of Fig. 4 when to be booster cavity by chamber, the auxiliary piston outside forms and set up the reservoir pressure device constructed simplified schematic diagram;

Fig. 5 is a kind of integral type free style structure simplified schematic diagram of booster cavity when being formed by secondary chamber;

Fig. 6 is a kind of integral type free style organigram of booster cavity when being formed by secondary chamber.

Component names label among above-mentioned each figure:

The 1-end cap, 2-compression valve, 3-pressure accumulation chamber, 4-oil-out passage, 5-auxiliary piston, 6,22,26, the 32-sealing member, the 7-floating piston, 8,29, the 54-spring, the secondary cylinder of 9-, the secondary chamber (or booster cavity) of 10-, 11-main piston, 12-inlet valve, 13-upholds chamber, 14-piston rod, 15-clutch release slave cylinder, the 16-opening, 17-pressure accumulation cylinder body, 18-suspension assist spring (or limit spring), 19-holds seat, 20-rebound valve, 21-delivery valve, the 23-compression chamber, 24-shoe cream room, 25-spacing edge-cut, the groove of 27-pressure purger, the passage of 28-oil-feed, 30-orienting sleeve, the 31-guide holder, 33-oil seal cover, chamber (or booster cavity), the 34-outside, 35, the vent of 45-pressure purger, 36, the 51-valve seat, the 37-sleeve pipe, 3 8-spring perches, 39-flowing valve, 40,53-stroke valve, the 41-footstock, the 42-retracing spring, 43-throttle compensating valve, 44-chute, the 46-relief passage, the 47-positive stop, 48-oil storage cylinder, 49-reducing valve, 50-spacing hole, the 52-high-pressure channel, 55-pressure-storing cavity, 56-damping device, the 57-pressure accumulater, 58, the 59-through hole, 60-boiler check valve, 61-reservoir pressure cylinder body.

Five, the specific embodiment

Below with the form of embodiment, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention and principle are further described.

See Fig. 1.Its Displacement system comprises: main piston 11 and the inner of piston rod 14 are fixed (making one) and have been constituted the main piston assembly and be contained in the clutch release slave cylinder 15, its inner chamber is separated into compression chamber 23 and upholds chamber 13, sealing member 22 is housed on the sidewall of main piston 11, and the spacing spring 29 of extension is housed in upholding chamber 13; The upper end of its clutch release slave cylinder 15 and end cap 1 fixing can being connected on the vehicle body, the lower end of piston rod 14 can be connected on the wheel by corresponding connecting element; Be fixed with guide holder 31, sealing member 32 and oil seal cover 33 in the lower end of clutch release slave cylinder 15, orienting sleeve 30 is housed in the guide holder 31, suspension assist spring 18 is equipped with in oil seal cover 33 outer ends.

Its pressure accumulater comprises: pressure accumulation cylinder body 17 is loaded on the outside and the two ends of clutch release slave cylinder 15 with one heart and fixes, make gap between the two form annular chamber, and the floating piston 7 that annular is housed within it is separated into pressure accumulation chamber 3 and shoe cream room 24 with this chamber, spring 8 its upper port bearings are housed in the lower surface of floating piston 7 in shoe cream room 24, its lower port then bearing and has spacing edge-cut 25 in the relevant position of clutch release slave cylinder 15 outer walls in the top of guide holder 31; The fluid in pressure accumulation chamber 3 is that compression valve 2 and rebound valve 20 communicate with compression chamber 23 through damping device; Shoe cream room 24 communicates through opening 16 with the fluid of upholding chamber 13.

Its pressure purger then is: at clutch release slave cylinder 15 and relatively approach extension stroke and do not hold near (being meant with respect to two of main piston 11 total kilometragies not for the end) the inboard casing wall, have groove 27.

With and pressurizer comprise: in compression chamber 23, also be equipped with auxiliary piston 5 and sealing member 6, this auxiliary piston 5 is fixed in the upper end (being not end of compression chamber) of clutch release slave cylinder 15 with one heart by end seat 19 (making one); And auxiliary piston 5 over against direction also have a secondary chamber 10 of opening wide by the formed end of secondary cylinder 9 inner chambers, one (above-mentioned secondary chamber 10 also can directly form in the inside of main piston assembly, thereby secondary cylinder 9 is disappeared) is fixed and made to this pair cylinder 9 with the main piston assembly; Therefore when Displacement system be compressed to relatively make auxiliary piston 5 and dock in secondary chamber 10 after, just can make 10 transformations of above-mentioned secondary chamber form booster cavities 10 that separate with compression chamber 23 relative isolation; Simultaneously, inlet valve 12 is housed in the main piston assembly, in auxiliary piston 5, is equipped with and presses fuel tap 21.

Its principle of work:

Spring 8 passes through the transmission of pressure of floating piston 7 and pressure accumulation chamber 3 and compression chamber 23 high-voltage oil liquids, and is flexibly supporting the corresponding weight of vehicle body through the main piston assembly.When vehicle travels under normal overall height state, main piston 11 will be near the vibration in centre of clutch release slave cylinder 15, and floating piston 7 also slides thereupon up or down; Simultaneously, the high-voltage oil liquid between compression chamber 23 and the pressure accumulation chamber 3 produce shock damping action with the decay body vibrations, and the fluid of upholding between chamber 13 and the shoe cream room 24 also passes through opening 16 repeatedly when passing through compression valve 2 and rebound valve 20 repeatedly.

When vehicle because of heavy duty or fully loaded when its bodywork height (being the quiescent point of suspension) being crossed travel under the low state, main piston 11 will be near the vibration upper end of approaching clutch release slave cylinder 15 relatively.After Displacement system is compressed to a desired location relatively, makes auxiliary piston 5 and dock in secondary chamber 10, this pair chamber 10 is changed form a booster cavity 10 with compression chamber 23 relative isolation; Further compression along with Displacement system, making fluid in the booster cavity 10 be extruded power raises and enters in the compression chamber 23 through delivery valve 21 and passage 4 thereof, do not recompress until Displacement system and to use fuel tap 21 when closing, then press oily process to finish (suspension rate was regulated and do not begun as yet this moment, and its rigidity is not subjected to direct influence as yet) thereupon.Simultaneously, because under the bounce effect of the various springs of suspension, Displacement system rebounds and enters extension stroke thereupon; Because of auxiliary piston 5 withdraws from booster cavity 10 relatively, make this chamber form relative negative pressure, and then the fluid of upholding chamber 13 is entered in the booster cavity 10 through passage 28 and inlet valve 12, the oil-feed process begins; When Displacement system continue to uphold auxiliary piston 5 and booster cavity 10 are broken away from cooperates after, then the fluid of booster cavity 10 and compression chamber 23 combines together and becomes high-voltage oil liquid, the oil-feed process finishes thereupon, the while inlet valve cuts out.Therefore, through after the above-mentioned fuel-displaced and oil-feed, the high pressure oil mass is increased, and then make the also corresponding rising of overall height.

When above-mentioned pressure oil and oil-feed are after pressurization continues several times (perhaps will many slightly several times), promptly generally can just can make overall height be transferred to moderate ideal height within several seconds to the time in tens of seconds.Certainly this process depends on cross section proportionate relationship, the supercharging stroke distances in booster cavity and compression chamber and pressure accumulation chamber, the concrete situations such as leak tightness, velocity of displacement, road surface situation and overall height state of booster cavity usually again, and variation to some extent.Also just need the regular hour process because of it, so when vehicle makes the Displacement system supercompression that accidental supercharging take place because of the road surface sudden change during in moderate height, also be unlikely to cause overall height is changed the influence that has greatly, and this influence also is extremely of short duration, after the supercompression because of the suspension chance, usually easily cause corresponding accidental excessively extension, and just can reduce pressure this moment to too high oil pressure; Otherwise also be like this.

Its a part of cross section (generally can account between 1/7th to 1/3rd because booster cavity 10 has accounted in compression chamber 23, even it is wideer), so the bounce of its axle spring and bounce-back speed are with corresponding decline in its oil-feed process, therefore, overall height regulate it has improved the ride comfort of vehicle again further virtually.

When the hypertonia of high-voltage oil liquid, when making floating piston 7 go downwards to spacing edge-cut 25 relatively, then the high pressure oil in pressure accumulation chamber 3 is let out to shoe cream room 24 through notch 25, is crushed to death to prevent spring 8.

When vehicle because of underloading or unloaded when making overall height too high, main piston 11 will be near the vibration lower end of clutch release slave cylinder 15.When main piston 11 is exercised its sidewall relatively down when crossing the upper end originating port of groove 27, make compression chamber 23 and uphold chamber 13 connections, therefore high-voltage oil liquid being released into to uphold makes overall height begin to descend in the chamber 13, after main piston 11 rose relatively again and covers the upper end originating port of groove 27, then decompression stopped.Because less its circulation that makes in cross section of groove 27 is also less relatively, therefore when main piston 11 reduced pressure because of the excessive extension of chance, it was also very little to the influence that overall height changes.

See Fig. 2.This embodiment compared to Figure 1, its Displacement system and pressure accumulater are roughly the same.But its pressure purger is then at clutch release slave cylinder 15 and approach relatively to have vent 35 on the casing wall that extension stroke do not hold; When the too high main piston 11 of overall height is upheld and crossed vent 35, the high-voltage oil liquid of compression chamber 23 will directly be released in the shoe cream room 24.With and 5 of the auxiliary pistons of pressurizer fix with the main piston assembly, this auxiliary piston 5 yet have the secondary chamber 10 that forms by secondary cylinder 9 inner chambers over against direction, its secondary cylinder 9 is fixed in the not end (being the upper end of clutch release slave cylinder 15 in this diagram) of compression chamber 23 by end seat 19; Be contained on the end seat 19 for booster cavity oil-out delivery valve 21, inlet valve 12 its outlets that are contained in the main piston assembly communicate with the chamber, the outside 34 of auxiliary piston 5.Therefore, by finding out among this figure: when Displacement system be compressed to relatively make auxiliary piston 5 and dock in secondary chamber 10 after, will chamber 34, the outside be changed form a booster cavity 34 with compression chamber 23 relative isolation.Its principle of work and Fig. 1 are basic identical, but compression chamber 23 has sub-fraction fluid to enter pressure accumulation chamber 3 from delivery valve 21 when compression stroke, cause dumping force to reduce, but much smaller than compression valve because of its circulation, and when moderately strengthening its response pressure, then will make it very little to the influence of resistance.

See Fig. 3.Compare with aforesaid each embodiment, its piston rod 14 is the forms of stretching out towards the top, and in the outside, upper end of clutch release slave cylinder 15 sleeve 37 is housed also, enters in order to the gas that prevents shoe cream room 24 tops and upholds chamber 13; Rebound valve 20 is loaded on the valve seat 36 of upholding 13 tops, chamber, and flowing valve 39 is equipped with in its parallel connection; Upper port at spring 29 also is equipped with spring perch 38; Auxiliary piston 5 is fixed with the main piston assembly in compression chamber 23, and stroke valve 40 is housed within it connects with inlet valve 12; Footstock 41 and retracing spring 42 also are housed in the secondary chamber 10 under auxiliary piston 5, fix at the bottom of the lower port of this spring and its chamber, its upper port is then fixing with footstock 41; And the valve rod of above-mentioned stroke valve 40 stretches out the end face of auxiliary piston 5 downwards and is right against the top of footstock 41.When auxiliary piston 5 with after dock in secondary chamber 10, secondary chamber 10 will be changed form booster cavity 10; Simultaneously, footstock 41 when it moves down relatively with stroke valve 40 jack-up, its effect is that the non-oil-feed in extension stroke prevents that the fluid mistake of upholding chamber 13 from entering in the compression chamber 23 when needing, and therefore, this compression chamber 23 also can be adapted to than under the low oil pressure situation and normal operation; Such as in parallel more in the present embodiment the corresponding weight that elastic element supports vehicle body jointly is housed, and again in following time of situation of zero load, then the oil pressure of compression chamber 23 is not very high, to such an extent as to when the very fast resistance of extension speed is big, may make the oil pressure of upholding chamber 13 even greater than compression chamber 23.In addition, the resistance in its extension stroke produces the rebound valve 20 at power top, otherwise then results from the compression valve 2 of bottom.

See Fig. 4.Compare with aforementioned each embodiment, its difference is: this pressure accumulater 57 adopts that high pressure fuel pipe is corresponding with Displacement system to be connected, make it to become split type structure, the passage 52 of its high-voltage oil liquid in piston rod 14 communicates with compression chamber 23, and in both fluid passages damping device 56 is housed (this device can adopt electrical controller control fluid dumping force); Simultaneously, oil storage cylinder 48 is loaded on the outside of clutch release slave cylinder 15 and two ends fixedly make its gap form shoe cream room 24 with one heart; The outside and two ends that reservoir pressure cylinder body 61 is loaded on oil storage cylinder 48 with one heart fixedly make its gap form pressure-storing cavity 55, and can be filled with the nitrogen of relevant pressure on the top in this chamber; Delivery valve 21 is contained between the fluid of booster cavity 34 (being the chamber, the outside 34 of auxiliary piston) in the compression chamber 23 and pressure-storing cavity 55 and is positioned at the bottom of compression chamber 23; Between the fluid of pressure-storing cavity 55 and compression chamber 23, stroke valve 53 is housed, its be contained in the fixing auxiliary piston 5 in clutch release slave cylinder 15 bottoms in, and its valve rod stretches out the end face of its valve seat (being auxiliary piston 5) up and is right against the below of main piston assembly along axis direction.As can be seen from Figure, when auxiliary piston 5 with after dock in secondary chamber 10, the chamber, the outside 34 of auxiliary piston is changed form booster cavity 34, and high pressure oil is stored in delivery valve 21 is pressed into pressure-storing cavity 55 in advance; When Displacement system continued compression, then the lower surface of main piston 11 valve rod that withstands stroke valve 53 made this opening of valves, thereby the high-voltage oil liquids in the pressure-storing cavity 55 enter in the compression chamber 23 (being secondary chamber 10), make the corresponding rising of overall height.Because the body wall of stroke valve 53 and its valve seat gap be from last less and gradually big downwards, therefore, the circulation that can make fluid is along with the open amount increase of this valve and increase.When overall height is too high when reducing pressure, because the gap of the lateral wall of secondary cylinder 9 (can comprise main piston 11) and clutch release slave cylinder 15 is from last less and gradually (its lower end of external diameter that is secondary cylinder 9 is less than the upper end) greatly downwards, therefore, the circulation of its decompression fluid is also different, also be the approaching more extension of main piston 11 when not holding, the speed of its decompression is just also fast relatively more.In addition, too high for the oil pressure that prevents pressure-storing cavity 55, can be provided with the valve (not shown, this method is also applicable to the pressure accumulation chamber) of pressure limiting in the relevant position of itself and shoe cream room 24.Because the reservoir pressure device of storing oil pressure also is housed in the present embodiment (also can be separated into split type with Displacement system, and can make many shared reservoir pressure devices of suspension), therefore, when overall height is crossed when low as long as have enough fluid and pressure in this chamber, the overall height adjustment is comparatively fast finished, but its structure is then wanted complexity.

See Fig. 5.Compare with aforesaid each embodiment, its difference is: its pressure accumulater comprises the outer end of the upper end of pressure accumulation cylinder body 17 being fixed in one heart piston rod 14, and thereby the floating piston 7 that annular is housed within it formed annular pressure accumulation chamber 3, the two-port of spring 8 respectively bearing in floating piston 7 and and the connecting element that fixes of oil storage cylinder 48 between; Having passage 52 in the piston rod 14 makes pressure accumulation chamber 3 fluid of its outer end communicate with secondary chamber 10 (being booster cavity 10) through delivery valve 21.Because the piston rod of present embodiment does not directly bear the oil pressure of pressure accumulater, so it is a kind of all-in structure.And rebound valve 20 and flowing valve 39 be housed on main piston 11.Its pressure purger comprises: below the piston rod convex shoulder in upholding chamber 13 reducing valve 49 is housed and covers through hole 59, and spring 29 is housed above it, the high-voltage oil liquid in pressure accumulation chamber 3 communicates with extension chamber 13 through passage 52, through hole 58, boiler check valve 60, through hole 59 and above-mentioned reducing valve 49; Too high when overall height, when main piston 11 is upheld certain position relatively, control cock 49 is opened by the compression of spring 29, high pressure oil is released into upholds in the chamber 13.As can be seen from Figure, when be fixed on compression chamber 23 not the end auxiliary piston 5 with its over against secondary chamber 10 dock after, just can make secondary chamber 10 form booster cavity 10; Simultaneously, the quiescent point of suspension can obtain corresponding adjusting in the fuel-displaced process of booster cavity 10; In addition, because booster cavity 10 has produced certain drag effect to Displacement system when pressing oil, it can play the position-limiting action that replaces limit spring partially, makes the corresponding decline with bounce-back speed of suspension bounce; Therefore, it is at the ride comfort that has further improved vehicle virtually again of overall height adjusting.

See Fig. 6.Compare with aforementioned each embodiment, its difference is: its pressure accumulater comprises that the outside and lower end that pressure accumulation cylinder body 17 is loaded on oil storage cylinder 48 with one heart fix, and the floating piston 7 that between is equipped with annular makes it to form the pressure accumulation chamber 3 of annular, and between the connecting element (not shown) of the outer end of floating piston 7 and piston rod 14 spring 8 is housed; On the casing wall of oil storage cylinder 48, have spacing hole 50, positive stop 47 is housed in the extension direction of floating piston 7.Its pressure purger then is included on the casing wall of upholding in the chamber 13 reducing valve 49 is housed, having three uniform protrusions on the outer then wall of this valve partly cooperates with the chute 44 of clutch release slave cylinder 15 inwalls, making it can upper and lower slippage, and this valve will cover the vent 45 of work casing wall in the ordinary course of things; Spring 29 also is housed above this valve simultaneously; The fluid in pressure accumulation chamber 3 communicates with the inner chamber of clutch release slave cylinder 15 through passage 46, vent 45 and reducing valve 49; When main piston 11 is upheld a desired location relatively, the elastic force that promotes reducing valve 49 and overcome spring 29 slippage that makes progress, and after main piston 11 is upwards crossed vent 45, just high pressure oil can be released in the compression chamber 23.The auxiliary pistons 5 that its pressurizer then is included in the compression chamber 23 are inner fixing with the piston rod 14 of main piston assembly, and its over against direction have the secondary chamber 10 that forms by secondary cylinder 9 inner chambers, this pair cylinder 9 is fixed in the not end of compression chamber 23; After their butt joints, secondary chamber 10 will form booster cavity 10.

In addition, structure for the piston rod pressure-bearing type, its pressure purger also can be: at clutch release slave cylinder 15 and approach relatively near the inboard casing wall of extension stroke not holding, it is to increase progressively gradually to its port direction from interior that its internal diameter is made, its gap with clutch release slave cylinder 15 is just relative big more when making main piston 11 be bordering on extension more not hold, and makes its decompression rate also fast relatively more thereupon; Comprise groove 27 as shown in Figure 1, make its flow area from last less and downward gradually big mode; And, make its opening cross section along casing wall mode such as distribution gradually axially as the vent 35 shown among the figure, when they all can make accidental decompression and the influence that overall height is changed is very little or minimum.

For the all-in structure of piston rod, its pressure purger also can be: in the guide holder of upholding top of chamber reducing valve is housed, the fluid that makes the pressure accumulation chamber through this valve with shoe cream room or uphold chamber fluid and communicate, and the push rod of this valve end face that stretches out guide holder be contained in the apical ring of upholding in the chamber and spring over against; When overall height is too high, reducing valve is opened by relative compression spring of main piston and apical ring.

Simultaneously, for fear of the influence that in pressurization, causes vehicle ride comfort, generally the overall diameter of auxiliary piston 5 can be made is to increase progressively gradually in the inside segment distance of its external port, or the internal diameter that makes secondary chamber 10 mode (for example shown in Fig. 4) of successively decreasing gradually in the inside segment distance of its external port (i.e. the port of Chang Kaiing), thereby the variation of exerting all one's strength is comparatively steady, and can therefore improve the control effect of overall height.

In addition, usually be in the suspension (for example motor bike) that extension stroke is not held for vehicle its quiescent point when stopping, waste energy for preventing its unnecessary decompression this moment, with the groove among Fig. 1 27 is example, the groove of its bottom can be shut, even also the length of this groove slightly be longer than main piston 11 height just can, thereby make the stroke of decompression have only short a bit of distance, and anti-and don't reduce pressure when extension stroke is not held.Comprising the aforesaid mode that reduces pressure with the sidewall spacers of main piston 11, also is in like manner.

Claims

1, the automatically controlled wheel suspension of the no energy consumption of a kind of pure machinery, it has Displacement system, this device comprises that the inner of main piston (11) and piston rod (14) fixedly has constituted the main piston assembly, and is contained in the clutch release slave cylinder (15) and its inner chamber is separated into compression chamber (23) and extension chamber (13); It is characterized in that: also be not fixed with auxiliary piston (5) in the end at above-mentioned main piston assembly or compression chamber (23), and with its over against direction also have secondary chamber (10), when they along with relatively compression and after the butt joint of Displacement system, just can make above-mentioned secondary chamber (10) or make the chamber, the outside (34) of auxiliary piston (5), change forming a booster cavity (10 or 34) with the relative isolation of compression chamber (23); And between the fluid of above-mentioned booster cavity (10 or 34) and relative elevated pressures delivery valve (21) is housed, and inlet valve (12) is housed between the fluid of relatively low pressure.

2, automatically controlled wheel suspension according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described clutch release slave cylinder (15) in its outside pressure accumulation cylinder body (17) is housed with one heart also and two ends are fixed, and between be equipped with the annular floating piston (7) this chamber is separated into pressure accumulation chamber (3) and shoe cream room (24), spring (8) also is housed in shoe cream room (24), shoe cream room (24) communicates with the fluid of upholding chamber (13), and pressure accumulation chamber (3) communicate through damping device with the fluid of compression chamber (23); Described inlet valve (12) is contained in booster cavity (10 or 34) and upholds between the fluid passage in chamber (13), and is contained in the main piston assembly.

3, automatically controlled wheel suspension according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: at clutch release slave cylinder (15) and relatively approach on the casing wall that extension stroke do not hold, also have vent (35) inner chamber of clutch release slave cylinder (15) is communicated with its exocoel, also have the groove (27) of decompression or its internal diameter within it on the wall and increase progressively gradually to its port direction from interior; Thereby when main piston (11) is upheld a desired location relatively, just can make the high-voltage oil liquid of compression chamber (23) be released into its exocoel, or through above-mentioned groove (27) or in its sidewall spacers is released in extension chamber (13).

4, automatically controlled wheel suspension according to claim 1 is characterized in that: oil storage cylinder (48) be loaded on clutch release slave cylinder (15) with one heart thus the outside and two ends fix and form shoe cream room (24); Pressure accumulation cylinder body (17) is loaded on the outside and the one end of oil storage cylinder (48) with one heart and fixes, and the floating piston (7) that between is equipped with annular makes it to form the pressure accumulation chamber (3) of annular, and between the outer end connecting element of floating piston (7) and piston rod (14) spring (8) is housed; Described delivery valve (21) is contained between the fluid passage in booster cavity (10 or 34) and above-mentioned pressure accumulation chamber (3).

5, automatically controlled wheel suspension according to claim 1 is characterized in that: oil storage cylinder (48) be loaded on clutch release slave cylinder (15) with one heart thus the outside and two ends fix and form shoe cream room (24); Pressure accumulation cylinder body (17) is fixed in the outer end of piston rod (14) with one heart, and the floating piston (7) of annular is housed within it thus form the pressure accumulation chamber (3) of annular, the two-port of spring (8) respectively bearing in floating piston (7) and and the connecting element of oil storage cylinder (48) respective fixation between; Having passage (52) in the piston rod (14) makes the fluid in pressure accumulation chamber (3) communicate with booster cavity (10 or 34) through described delivery valve (21).

6, according to claim 1 or 4,5 described automatically controlled wheel suspensions, it is characterized in that: in upholding chamber (13) or in the guide holder (31) at its top, reducing valve (49) is housed also, and in upholding chamber (13), spring (29) being housed, the fluid of pressure accumulation chamber (3) communicates with the inner chamber or the shoe cream room (24) of clutch release slave cylinder (15) through above-mentioned reducing valve (49).

7, automatically controlled wheel suspension according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: oil storage cylinder (48) be loaded on clutch release slave cylinder (15) with one heart thus the outside and two ends fix and form shoe cream room (24), the fluid in this chamber can end and described inlet valve (12) communicate with booster cavity (10 or 34) through upholding chamber (13) or clutch release slave cylinder (15); The high-voltage oil liquid of hydro-pneumatic spring or gas-liquid spring through clutch release slave cylinder (15) not end or the passage in piston rod (14) communicate with compression chamber (23), and in the flow channel of its fluid, damping device is housed also.

8, automatically controlled wheel suspension according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described auxiliary piston (5) and main piston assembly are fixed, and stroke valve (40) is housed within it with described inlet valve (12) series connection booster cavity (10) is communicated with extension chamber (13); Footstock (41) and retracing spring (42) also are housed in the described secondary chamber (10), and the valve rod of above-mentioned stroke valve (40) is right against footstock (41); Described delivery valve (21) is contained on the end seat (19) and is positioned between the fluid of booster cavity (10 or 34) and pressure accumulation chamber (3).

9, automatically controlled wheel suspension according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described delivery valve (21) is contained between the fluid of interior booster cavity (10) of compression chamber (23) and pressure-storing cavity (55); Between pressure-storing cavity (55) and compression chamber (23), be provided with passage and stroke valve (53) is housed therein, and its compression stroke that is contained in clutch release slave cylinder (15) end not, its valve rod stretches out the end face of its valve seat and is right against the main piston assembly along axis direction.

10, automatically controlled wheel suspension according to claim 1 is characterized in that: its overall diameter from the inside segment distance of external port of described auxiliary piston (5) increases progressively gradually, or its internal diameter from the inside segment distance of external port of described secondary chamber (10) successively decreases gradually.