CN1503707A - Iron powder composition including an amide type lubricant anjd a method to prepare it - Google Patents
Iron powder composition including an amide type lubricant anjd a method to prepare it Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1503707A CN1503707A CNA028084179A CN02808417A CN1503707A CN 1503707 A CN1503707 A CN 1503707A CN A028084179 A CNA028084179 A CN A028084179A CN 02808417 A CN02808417 A CN 02808417A CN 1503707 A CN1503707 A CN 1503707A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- lubricant
- lipid acid
- powder
- iron
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/56—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing nitrogen
- C10M105/68—Amides; Imides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/108—Mixtures obtained by warm mixing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/06—Particles of special shape or size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F2003/023—Lubricant mixed with the metal powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns a method of preparing an iron-based powder comprising the steps of mixing and heating an iron-based powder, at least one oligomer amide type lubricant, at least one fatty acid and optionally one or more additives to a temperature above the melting point of the lubricant and subsequently cooling the obtained mixture. The invention also comprises the mixture of the iron-based powder, the oligomer amide type lubricant and the fatty acid.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal-powder compositions and the method for preparing said composition.Especially, the present invention relates to iron-based compositions, it has consistent apparent density and flowability under differing temps.
Background of invention
Form metal assembly in field of powder metallurgy for compacting (compaction) metal-powder, adopt different standard temperature standards usually.These comprise cold pressing (being lower than the envrionment temperature compacting), normal temperature compacting (compacting at ambient temperature), hot pressing (the temperatures system on envrionment temperature, wherein under this temperature, metal-powder can keep work hardening) and middle temperature and pressure system (the temperatures system between normal temperature compacting and hot pressing).
At the temperatures fixture that is higher than envrionment temperature tangible advantage is arranged.Along with temperature raises, the tensile strength of most of metals and work hardening speed reduce, and can realize improved density and intensity under lower compaction pressure.Yet hot pressed excessive temperature has been introduced processing problems and has been quickened the abrasion of mould.Therefore, present effort is aimed at the metal composites that exploitation is suitable for middle temperature and pressure system.
United States Patent (USP) 4955789 (Musella) briefly discloses middle warm compaction.According to this patent, be usually used in the lubricant of cold compaction, can be used for warm compaction equally as Zinic stearas.Yet, in practice, prove and in middle warm compaction, can not use Zinic stearas or ethylenebisstearamide (can ACRAWAX be commercially available), and they are the lubricants that are most commonly used to cold compaction and middle warm compaction at present.The problem that is produced is to be difficult to fill in a satisfactory manner mould.
United States Patent (USP) 5744433 (Storstrom etc.) and 5154881 (Rutz) disclose the metal-powder compositions that comprises amide lubricant, and they are developed especially is used for warm compaction.United States Patent (USP) 5744433 discloses the lubricant that is used for metallurgical powder composition, and it contains weight-average molecular weight Mw and mostly is 30000 acid amide type oligopolymer most.In United States Patent (USP) 5154881, amide lubricant is made up of the reaction product of monocarboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid and diamines.That be preferably used as lubricant especially is ADVAWAX. .450, and it is a kind of ethylenebisstearamide product.
Although disclosed lubricant is used for warm compaction and function well in many cases by exploitation especially in these two patents, but find, when in the metal composites of plan scale operation sintered components, using these lubricants, run into different problems.
Goal of the invention
The objective of the invention is to reduce or eliminate the problem relevant at present with scale operation.
Another purpose provides the new lubricant of a class, and it can be used for planning in the metal composites of compacting at high temperature.
A purpose provides and has the excellent flow rate and the iron-based powder combination of apparent density again.
Further purpose provides a kind of powder composition, and it generates the dust of minimum and its preparation does not require with an organic solvent.
Another purpose provides a kind of method of middle this metal-powder compositions of warm compaction.
Summary of the invention
By containing iron-based powder, at least a oligopolymer amide type lubricant, at least a lipid acid and optional one or more additives such as flowing agent, processing aid and the hard powder composition of (hardphase) mutually, can realize these purposes.
Method of the present invention comprises the steps:
-mixing and heating iron-based powder, lubricant, lipid acid and additive (if any) are to the temperature higher than the fusing point of lubricant; With
-cooling gained mixture.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Employed wording " iron-based powder " comprises the powder of being made up of pure iron basically in this specification sheets and appended claim; Iron powder with other material prealloy that improves the finished product intensity, hardness performance, electromagnetic performance or other desired properties; With with the particle blended iron particle (mixture of diffusion annealing or pure mechanical mixture) of this alloying element.Carbon and tungsten that the example of alloying element is nickel, copper, molybdenum, chromium, manganese, phosphorus, exist with the graphite form can be independently or combination, for example with compound form (Fe
3P and FeMo) use them.When lubricant of the present invention is used in combination with the iron-based powder with high-compressibility, can obtain unforeseeable good result.Usually, this powder has low carbon content, preferably is lower than 0.04wt%.This powder comprises for example Distaloy AE, Astaloy Mo and ASC100.29, and all these are commercially available in the Hoganas of Sweden AB.
Lubricant used in the present invention is new lubricant, can be represented by the formula:
D-C
ma-B-A-B-C
mb-D
Wherein D is-H, COR, and CNHR, wherein R is aliphatic series or the aromatic group that contains the straight or branched of 2-21 carbon atom;
C is group-NH (CH)
nCO-;
B is amino or carbonyl;
A is the alkylidene group that randomly comprises maximum 4 Sauerstoffatoms and have 4-16 carbon atom;
Ma is the integer of 1-10;
Mb is the integer of 1-10;
N is the integer of 5-11.
Preferred emollient has following chemical structure, and wherein D is COR, and wherein R is the aliphatic group with 16-20 carbon atom; C is-NH (CH)
nCO-, wherein n is 5 or 11; B is amino; A is the alkylidene group that randomly comprises maximum 3 Sauerstoffatoms and have 6-14 carbon atom; Ma and mb are the integers of identical or different 2-5.
The example of this lubricant can be selected from:
CH
3(CH
2)
16CO-[HN(CH
2)
11CO]
2-HN(CH
2)
12NH-[OC(CH
2)
11NH]
2-OC(CH
2)
16CH
3；
CH
3(CH
2)
16CO-[HN(CH
2)
11CO]
2-HN(CH
2)
12NH-[OC(CH
2)
11NH]
3-OC(CH
2)
16CH
3；
CH
3(CH
2)
16CO-[HN(CH
2)
11CO]
3-HN(CH
2)
12NH-[OC(CH
2)
11NH]
3-OC(CH
2)
16CH
3；
CH
3(CH
2)
16CO-[HN(CH
2)
11CO]
3-HN(CH
2)
12NH-[OC(CH
2)
11NH]
4-OC(CH
2)
16CH
3；
CH
3(CH
2)
16CO-[HN(CH
2)
11CO]
4-HN(CH
2)
12NH-[OC(CH
2)
11NH]
4-OC(CH
2)
16CH
3；
CH
3(CH
2)
16CO-[HN(CH
2)
11CO]
4-HN(CH
2)
12NH-[OC(CH
2)
11NH]
5-OC(CH
2)
16CH
3；
CH
3(CH
2)
16CO-[HN(CH
2)
11CO]
5-HN(CH
2)
12NH-[OC(CH
2)
11NH]
5-OC(CH
2)
16CH
3。
Other example is:
MW is 370.49 CH
3CO-HN (CH
2)
5CO-HN (CH
2)
2NH-OC (CH
2)
5NH-OC (CH
3);
MW is 1240.10
CH
3(CH
2)
20CO-HN(CH
2)
11CO-HN(CH
2)
12NH-OC(CH
2)
11NH-OC(CH
2)
20CH
3；
MW is 8738.04
CH
3(CH
2)
20CO-[HN(CH
2)
11CO]
10-HN(CH
2)
12NH-[OC(CH
2)
11NH]
10-OC(CH
2)
20CH
3；
MW is 1580.53
CH
3(CH
2)
4CO-[HN(CH
2)
11CO]
3-HN(CH
2)
12NH-[OC(CH
2)
11NH]
3-OC(CH
2)
4CH
3；
MW is 1980.86
CH
3(CH
2)
4CO-[HN(CH
2)
5CO]
7-HN(CH
2)
6NH-[OC(CH
2)
5NH]
7-OC(CH
2)
4CH
3；
MW is 2429.69
CH
3(CH
2)
20CO-[HN (CH
2)
5CO]
7-HN (CH
2)
6NH-[OC (CH
2)
5NH]
7-OC (CH
2)
20CH
3With
MW is 2283.73
CH
3(CH
2)
16NH-[OC(CH
2)
11NH]
4-CO(CH
2)
10CO-[HN(CH
2)
11CO]
4-HN(CH
2)
16CH
3。
The oligopolymer amide type lubricant of adding in the iron-based powder preferably is the pressed powder form, can account for the 0.1-1wt% of metal-powder compositions total amount, preferred 0.2-0.8wt%.It is particularly advantageous characteristics of the present invention that low levels ground uses the possibility of lubricant of the present invention, because it can realize high-density.
Lipid acid used in the present invention preferably has the lipid acid of 10-22 carbon atom.The example of this acid is oleic acid, stearic acid and palmitinic acid.Although the consumption of lipid acid is little, the influence of flow rate and apparent density is significant.The consumption of the lipid acid that calculates according to the gross weight of powder composition is generally 0.005-0.15%, preferred 0.010-0.08% and 0.015-0.07% most preferably.Be lower than the uniform distribution that 0.005 fatty acid content makes it to be difficult to realize lipid acid.If content is higher than 0.15%, then there is sizable danger of mobile deterioration.
The fusing point of lipid acid should be lower than the fusing point of oligoamide lubricant.
Except iron-based powder and lubricant, this new powder composition also can contain one or more and be selected from processing aid and the hard additive in mutually.
The processing aid that uses in metal-powder compositions can be made up of talcum, forsterite, manganese sulfide, sulphur, molybdenumdisulphide, boron nitride, tellurium, selenium, bifluoride barium and bifluoride calcium.Described processing aid can separately or be used in combination.
The hard that uses in metal-powder compositions mutually can be by the carbide of tungsten, vanadium, titanium, niobium, chromium, molybdenum, tantalum and zirconium; The nitride of aluminium, titanium, vanadium, molybdenum and chromium; Al
2O
3Form with various stupaliths.
The spendable class flowing agent (being hereby incorporated by) of the present invention is disclosed in United States Patent (USP) 5782954, its preferred silicon-dioxide, its consumption is the about 2wt% of about 0.005-, the about 1wt% of preferably about 0.01-, the about 0.5wt% of 0.025-more preferably from about is based on the gross weight of metallurgical composites.In addition, the mean particle size of flowing agent should be lower than about 40 nanometers.Preferred Si oxide is the earth silicon material of hydrophilic and hydrophobic two kinds of forms, and serial form of Aerosil that can silicon-dioxide such as Aerosil 200 and R812 product are purchased the company in Degussa.
According to embodiment of the present invention, with iron-based powder, at least a oligopolymer amide type lubricant, at least a lipid acid and optional one or more additives such as processing aid and hard heat phase to the temperature higher than the fusing point of lubricant; Subsequently the gained mixture is cooled to the temperature of the fusing point that is lower than the fusing point of lubricant and is higher than lipid acid and the powdery flowing agent is joined in the gained mixture, will change then that mixture mixes and cooling.
Brief description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the influence of the combination of oligopolymer amide type lubricant defined above and lipid acid (stearic acid) to apparent density.
Fig. 2 shows the influence of the combination flow rate of lubricant defined above and lipid acid (stearic acid).
By do mixing the powdered mixture of Distaloy AE (available from the iron-based powder of the H gan s AB of Sweden) and the organic materials preparation test of 0.6wt%, wherein said organic materials is made up of the stearic acid of oligopolymer amide type lubricant defined above and 0.03wt% or 0.05wt%.Also add 0.3wt% graphite, and with gained mixture heating up to 165 ℃.Mixture is cooled to 110 ℃, and under this temperature, adds the Aerosil of 0.06wt%.When adding Aerosll at ambient temperature, obtain substantially the same result.
The result that Fig. 1 and 2 discloses respectively proves and adopts powder composition of the present invention, in apparent density with on flowing aspect two, can obtain obvious and unforeseeable effect.
Also tested and comprised that the stearic said mixture of 0.03wt% reduces with the dust of comparing according to the mixture of United States Patent (USP) 5368630 preparations.This known mixture also comprises the organic materials of 0.6wt%, but in the case, organic materials is made up of the lubricant of 0.55wt% and the organic binder bond of 0.15wt% (cellulose butylate).In these two mixtures, iron-based powder is Distaloy AE.The preparation of known mixture comprise do to mix iron-based powder, according to the lubricant of this United States Patent (USP) and the graphite of 0.3wt%.Organic binder bond is dissolved in the acetone and adds in the drying composite, thoroughly mixes afterwards.Remove acetone and in this dry mixture, add the Aerosil of 0.06wt%.
Test-results is summarised in the following table:
| Sample | Dedusting (dusting) (mg/m 3.min.g[mix]) |
| Mixture of the present invention | ????41 |
| Mixture according to United States Patent (USP) 5368630 | ????70 |
Claims (12)
1. powder composition, it comprises iron-based powder, at least a oligopolymer amide type lubricant, lipid acid and one or more optional additives.
2. the composition of claim 1 is characterized in that the fusing point of lipid acid is lower than the fusing point of amide lubricant.
3. any one composition of claim 1-2 is characterized in that lipid acid has 10-22 carbon atom.
4. the composition of claim 3 is characterized in that lipid acid is selected from oleic acid, stearic acid, palmitinic acid or its combination.
5. any one composition of claim 1-2 is characterized in that the oligopolymer amide type lubricant can be represented by the formula:
D-C
ma-B-A-B-C
mb-D
Wherein D is-H, COR, and CNHR, wherein R is aliphatic series or the aromatic group that contains the straight or branched of 2-21 carbon atom;
C is group-NH (CH)
nCO-;
B is amino or carbonyl;
A is the alkylidene group that randomly comprises maximum 4 Sauerstoffatoms and have 4-16 carbon atom;
Ma is the integer of 1-10;
Mb is the integer of 1-10;
N is the integer of 5-11.
6. the composition of claim 5 is characterized in that lubricant has following chemical structure,
Wherein D is COR, and wherein R is the aliphatic group with 16-20 carbon atom; C is-NH (CH)
nCO-, wherein n is 5 or 11; B is amino; A is the alkylidene group that randomly comprises maximum 3 Sauerstoffatoms and have 6-14 carbon atom; Ma and mb are the integers of identical or different 2-5.
7. any one composition of claim 3-4 is characterized in that the lipid acid consumption according to the total weight of powder composition is 0.015-0.15%, preferred 0.02-0.08%, most preferably 0.03-0.07%.
8. any one composition of claim 1-7 is characterized in that composition comprises that one or more are selected from tackiness agent, flowing agent, processing aid and the hard additive in mutually.
9. any one composition of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that the gross weight based on metallurgical composites, the consumption of flowing agent is the about 2wt% of about 0.005-, the about 1wt% of preferably about 0.01-, more preferably from about the mean particle size of about 0.5wt% of 0.025-and flowing agent is lower than about 40 nanometers.
10. the composition of claim 9 is characterized in that flowing agent is a silicon-dioxide.
11. a method for preparing iron-based powder combination, it comprises the steps:
A) mix and heating iron-based powder, at least a oligopolymer amide type lubricant, at least a lipid acid and optional one or more additives to than the high temperature of the fusing point of lubricant and
B) cooling gained mixture.
12. the method for claim 10 is characterized in that mixture with the step a) gained is cooled to the temperature of the fusing point that is lower than the fusing point of lubricant and is higher than lipid acid and the powdery flowing agent is joined in the mixture.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE01013432 | 2001-04-17 | ||
| SE0101343A SE0101343D0 (en) | 2001-04-17 | 2001-04-17 | Icon powder composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1503707A true CN1503707A (en) | 2004-06-09 |
| CN1250684C CN1250684C (en) | 2006-04-12 |
Family
ID=20283794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB028084179A Expired - Fee Related CN1250684C (en) | 2001-04-17 | 2002-04-17 | Iron powder composition including an amide type lubricant anjd a method to prepare it |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20020178863A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1387730B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4126230B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1250684C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE302081T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60205610T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2248547T3 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE0101343D0 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI235183B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002083346A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100488667C (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2009-05-20 | 霍加纳斯股份有限公司 | Lubricants for insulated soft magnetic iron-based powder compositions |
| CN101920335A (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-22 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | The manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy and the manufacture method of sintered body |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6872235B2 (en) | 2001-04-17 | 2005-03-29 | Höganäs Ab | Iron powder composition |
| DE102005023420A1 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-23 | Ems-Chemie Ag | Polyamide molding compounds with improved flowability, their production and their use |
| DE102005023419B4 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2007-02-22 | Ems-Chemie Ag | Polyamide oligomers and their use |
| WO2011029759A1 (en) * | 2009-09-08 | 2011-03-17 | Höganäs Ab | Metal powder composition |
| WO2015035515A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2015-03-19 | National Research Council Of Canada | Lubricant for powder metallurgy and metal powder compositions containing said lubricant |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2733868B2 (en) * | 1990-09-25 | 1998-03-30 | 日立粉末冶金株式会社 | Molding lubricant for powder metallurgy |
| US5279640A (en) * | 1992-09-22 | 1994-01-18 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Method of making iron-based powder mixture |
| US5368630A (en) * | 1993-04-13 | 1994-11-29 | Hoeganaes Corporation | Metal powder compositions containing binding agents for elevated temperature compaction |
| SE9401922D0 (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 1994-06-02 | Hoeganaes Ab | Lubricant for metal powder compositions, metal powder composition containing th lubricant, method for making sintered products using the lubricant, and the use of same |
| US5976215A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-11-02 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Iron-based powder mixture for powder metallurgy and process for preparing the same |
| WO1999059753A1 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-11-25 | Höganäs Ab | Iron-based metallurgical compositions containing flow agents and methods for using same |
-
2001
- 2001-04-17 SE SE0101343A patent/SE0101343D0/en unknown
- 2001-05-10 US US09/852,016 patent/US20020178863A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-16 TW TW090111713A patent/TWI235183B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-04-17 ES ES02724846T patent/ES2248547T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-17 CN CNB028084179A patent/CN1250684C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-17 DE DE60205610T patent/DE60205610T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-17 WO PCT/SE2002/000763 patent/WO2002083346A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-04-17 EP EP02724846A patent/EP1387730B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-17 JP JP2002581133A patent/JP4126230B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-17 AT AT02724846T patent/ATE302081T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100488667C (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2009-05-20 | 霍加纳斯股份有限公司 | Lubricants for insulated soft magnetic iron-based powder compositions |
| CN101920335A (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-22 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | The manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy and the manufacture method of sintered body |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2248547T3 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
| EP1387730A1 (en) | 2004-02-11 |
| EP1387730B1 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
| ATE302081T1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
| JP4126230B2 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
| JP2004524450A (en) | 2004-08-12 |
| DE60205610D1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
| DE60205610T2 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
| CN1250684C (en) | 2006-04-12 |
| WO2002083346A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
| TWI235183B (en) | 2005-07-01 |
| US20020178863A1 (en) | 2002-12-05 |
| SE0101343D0 (en) | 2001-04-17 |
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