CN101920335A - The manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy and the manufacture method of sintered body - Google Patents
The manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy and the manufacture method of sintered body Download PDFInfo
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- CN101920335A CN101920335A CN201010180677XA CN201010180677A CN101920335A CN 101920335 A CN101920335 A CN 101920335A CN 201010180677X A CN201010180677X A CN 201010180677XA CN 201010180677 A CN201010180677 A CN 201010180677A CN 101920335 A CN101920335 A CN 101920335A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/09—Mixtures of metallic powders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F2003/023—Lubricant mixed with the metal powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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Abstract
A kind of mixed powder for powder metallurgy is provided, can advances extra-high-speed density and have the manufacturing of the press-powder body of high-lubricity (the low knockout press of deviating from from metal die) concurrently.The manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy of the present invention, be to contain the manufacture method that iron-based powder and mechanical property are improved the mixed powder for powder metallurgy of powder and lubricant, wherein, comprise following operation: described iron-based powder and/or described mechanical property are improved powder mix with acid amides base lubricant solution, then remove the solvent in the described solution, with the acid amides base lubricant surface that described iron-based powder and/or described mechanical property improve powder that is covered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy and used the manufacture method of the sintered body of the mixed powder for powder metallurgy that obtains with this manufacture method.
Background technology
Mixed powder for powder metallurgy, generally be with iron-based powder as the straight iron powder of primary raw material and iron(-)base powder etc., improve powder with the alloy of composition with the mechanical property of powder and powdered graphite etc., and pulverous lubricant is mixed and is made (for example patent documentation 1) as the characteristic (for example strength characteristics and processing characteristics etc.) that is used to improve the machinery of the sintered body that finally obtains.
At this, lubricant is in order to carry out compression molding in the metal die and when forming the press-powder body in that mixed powder for powder metallurgy is filled into, reduce the friction impedance of press-powder body and metal die wall, make the press-powder body just can from metal die, deviate to add by low knockout press.Think that in addition the lubricity between the powder particle when iron-based powder that it comes for following compression molding and mechanical property are improved arranging again of powder and densification also can be brought certain effect.
, for the resulting sintered body of press-powder body of the above-mentioned mixed powder for powder metallurgy of sintering compression molding, general most requirement reaches high level with the characteristic of the machinery headed by the intensity.Though about the composition that the characteristic of the machinery of sintered body also can be subjected to improving powder as the iron-based powder of main component and mechanical property, think it is the influence that is subjected to the density (compressing degree) of the press-powder body before the sintering to a great extent.That is, when compression molding, iron-based powder and mechanical property are improved powder and are arranged, plastic deformation further takes place, think that the press-powder body gets over densification, reduce more fully in the space in the press-powder body in addition, uses the intensity of the sintered body that this press-powder body obtains also just to improve more.
Therefore, in order to improve the density of press-powder body, have the method for the shape that makes iron-based powder, particle diameter, size distribution optimization (densified), make such iron-based powder difficulty and have but industrialization ground is cheap.In addition, also have forming pressure when improving compression molding to realize the method for the densification of press-powder body, but there is limitation in this on the productive point of the ability of former and press-powder body.
In addition, no matter any in these methods in order to improve the density of press-powder body more easily, also has the method for the addition that reduces lubricant.Mention reason, employed pulverous lubricant generally is an organic compound in the field of powder metallurgy, though the lubricant that is added finally can be by taking off adding thermal decomposition and remove from the press-powder body in the cured operation before the sintering, but in the compression molding stage, the major part of lubricant can and remain in iron-based powder in the press-powder body and mechanical property is improved between the particle of powder.Therefore, lubricant occupies certain volume in the press-powder body, becomes the essential factor of the densification that hinders the press-powder body.
Yet if reduce the addition of lubricant, the friction impedance of press-powder body and metal die wall increases, and the knockout press when deviating from the press-powder body from metal die rises, and produces the problem that the metal die of stinging mould etc. damages.In addition, the lubricity between the powder particle when following the arranging again of iron-based powder etc. of compression molding also reduces, and the problem that produces limitation on the density of press-powder body improves is also arranged.
So, the lubricity (low knockout press) of press-powder body and densification being existed side by side has any problem.
In addition, the mixed powder for powder metallurgy with containing pulverous lubricant also has the such problem of sintered body that is difficult to obtain to have good surface appearance and characteristic.This is derived from following reason.Promptly, pulverous lubricant exists with the state that is dispersed in the mixed-powder when the manufacturing of mixed powder for powder metallurgy, but to the processing of compression molding operation, closer to each other even the contact of lubricant, aggegation under molecular separating force or other effect has the big situation of particle diameter of the lubricant that the size ratio initial stage adds.Then, when the lubricant of these aggegations exposes press-powder body surperficial, show as the surface blot of sintered body, when remaining in the press-powder body in addition, show as the rough surface and the internal flaw of sintered body.
In addition, in mixed powder for powder metallurgy, also there is alloy to improve the such problem of powder generation segregation with the mechanical property of powder and powdered graphite etc.
[patent documentation 1] spy opens the 2006-124777 communique
Summary of the invention
The present invention is under above-mentioned such situation and do, the problem of its announcement is, a kind of manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy is provided, it can either give powder particle in the mixed powder for powder metallurgy with high-lubricity, can suppress the segregation that mechanical property is improved powder again, though can carry out in addition high density is arranged but have the manufacturing of the press-powder body of high-lubricity (the low knockout press of deviating from from metal die) concurrently, in addition, can also carry out the manufacturing of the few sintered body of surface blot and rough surface and internal flaw.
Can solve the manufacture method of the mixed powder for powder metallurgy of the present invention of above-mentioned problem, be to contain the manufacture method that iron-based powder and mechanical property are improved the mixed powder for powder metallurgy of powder and lubricant, wherein, comprise following operation: described iron-based powder and/or described mechanical property are improved powder mix with acid amides (amide) base lubricant solution, then remove the solvent in the described solution, with the acid amides base lubricant surface that described iron-based powder and/or described mechanical property improve powder that is covered.
According to above-mentioned formation, lubricant improves in iron-based powder and mechanical property that the state with solution adds in the powder, thus lubricant to spread all over the surface of these powder easily whole.
Also have, in this manual, so-called " with acid amides base lubricant lining powder surface " except the form with acid amides base lubricant lining powder surface integral body, also comprises the form of the part on the surface of using acid amides base lubricant lining powder.
In the manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy of the present invention, preferred embodiment be, improve the total of powder with respect to described iron-based powder and described mechanical property and measure 100 mass parts, add described acid amides base lubricant 0.01 mass parts～2.0 mass parts.
In addition, preferred embodiment be, described acid amides base lubricant is aliphatic amide and/or aliphatic bisamide (bisamide), specifically, described aliphatic amide is a N-oil base palmitamide (N-オ レ イ Le パ Le ミ チ Application acid ア ミ De, N-oleyl palmitamide), described aliphatic bisamide is preferably the two oleamide (ethylene bisoleylamide) of ethylene.
In addition, preferred embodiment be that it is select from the group that copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, graphite and manganese sulfide constitute at least a that described mechanical property is improved powder.
The manufacture method that comprises sintered body among the present invention, this manufacture method comprises following operation: will then carry out sintering according to the mixed powder for powder metallurgy compression molding of above-mentioned manufacture method acquisition.At this moment, preferred embodiment be, carry out compression molding with normal temperature.
According to the present invention, can access a kind of mixed powder for powder metallurgy, it can make the density height, the press-powder body that the knockout press of deviating from from metal die is low in addition.
The specific embodiment
The manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy of the present invention, be to contain the manufacture method that iron-based powder and mechanical property are improved the mixed powder for powder metallurgy of powder and lubricant, wherein, comprise following operation: described iron-based powder and/or described mechanical property are improved powder mix with acid amides base lubricant solution, then remove the solvent in the described solution, with the acid amides base lubricant surface that described iron-based powder and/or described mechanical property improve powder that is covered.
In the manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy of the present invention,, make lubricant be configured in powder surface, so lubricant spreads all over these powder surface integral body easily because use the solution that is dissolved with lubricant.Therefore, can easily carry out with the operation of lubricant lining powder surface, and can easily obtain the lining state of homogeneous.In addition, equably during lubricant configuration, be easy to adjust the addition of lubricant in powder surface integral body.Therefore, following advantage is arranged in the present invention.
(segregation that the manufacturing of densification press-powder body, mechanical property improve powder suppresses)
That is, the mixed powder for powder metallurgy that is obtained by above-mentioned manufacture method is because iron-based powder and mechanical property are improved surperficial lubricated dose of lining of powder, so the raising of the lubricity between powder particle.Therefore, when compression molding, iron-based powder and mechanical property are improved powder and are arranged easily again.
In addition, for example to improve powder littler than the proportion of iron-based powder for mechanical property, free in mixed-powder, segregation easily, in this case, the lubricant that is present in powder surface also can become binding agent, makes mechanical property improve powder attached to the iron-based powder surface, infers that thus this can suppress mechanical property and improve powder segregation in mixed-powder.
In addition, lubricant is not to exist as powder in mixed powder for powder metallurgy, exists with the epithelium shape but improve between the powder in iron-based powder and mechanical property, therefore can not hinder the densification of press-powder body.Be that easy deformation, mobile is extruded press-powder height densityization under the stress of lubricant tunicle when compression molding between powder particle with replacing.
As above, by the mixed powder for powder metallurgy that manufacture method of the present invention obtains, iron-based powder and mechanical property are improved powder arrangement more easily during compression molding, in addition, also the remaining quantity of the lubricant in the press-powder body can be suppressed very low, therefore can carry out the manufacturing of highdensity press-powder body.In addition, can expect that mechanical property improves the segregation of powder and prevent.
(manufacturing of the press-powder body of lubricity excellence)
Manufacturing method according to the invention, owing to improve the surface attachment lubricant of powder in iron-based powder and mechanical property, therefore also there is lubricant in the surface (with the interface of metal die) of resulting press-powder body, thereby is lowered with the friction impedance of metal die.
In addition, under the stress when compression molding and be exuded to the press-powder surface from being extruded lubricant between powder particle, cover its surface thinly, therefore the friction impedance with metal die is further reduced.
According to more than, by the mixed powder for powder metallurgy that manufacture method of the present invention obtains, the knockout press of deviating from from metal die is low, the manufacturing of press-powder body that can being lubricated property excellence.
(manufacturing of the sintered body of outward appearance excellence)
Manufacturing method according to the invention, lubricant exists with the state that improves the surface of powder attached to iron-based powder and mechanical property, lubricant all forms agglutination body in the processing of compression molding, appears in one's mind on the surface of press-powder body, remains in the press-powder body thereby suppressed it.
Therefore, with the mixed powder for powder metallurgy that manufacture method of the present invention obtains, can make the few sintered body of surface blot and rough surface and internal flaw.
Below, be described in detail for the manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy of the present invention.
(manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy)
(iron-based powder)
As the iron-based powder that uses among the present invention, can enumerate straight iron powder and iron(-)base powder etc.
Also comprise in the straight iron powder and containing more than the iron powder 97 quality %, the iron powder that can regard the pure iron composition in fact as that surplus is made of unavoidable impurities (for example oxygen, silicon, carbon, manganese etc.).
In addition, so-called iron(-)base powder improves for the characteristic of sintered body, as the composition beyond the iron, also contains the alloying component of copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, sulphur, manganese etc.Iron(-)base powder is divided into diffused iron powder (diffusion alloy element and the iron powder made in ferrous alloy powder substantially, partiallyalloyed powder) and prealloy sections powder (in fusion processes, adding alloying element and the iron powder made, prealloyed powder).
In the present invention, these iron-based powders can use separately, perhaps also can make up two or more uses.
Iron-based powder reduces after for example can making molten iron (or molten iron alloy) become particulate by atomization, and method such as then pulverized is again made.In such method for making, can access the size distribution of being estimated in sieve method, it is iron-based powder about 20～250 μ m that cumulative particle size distribution reaches 50% particle diameter (median particle diameter), but in the present invention, preferably using particle diameter (median particle diameter) is the iron-based powder of (laser diffraction and scattering method (Microtrac)) about 50～150 μ m.
(mechanical property is improved powder)
The mechanical property of using among the present invention is improved powder, if be diffused in the iron-based powder during sintering that carries out in the back, the characteristic of the machinery of the hardness of sintered body and toughness etc. is improved, perhaps improve by cutting property, then its kind is not limited, and for example can enumerate metal dust, inorganic powder etc.
As metal dust, for example can enumerate copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, tin, vanadium, manganese, ferrophosphorus (ferrophosphorus) etc.When particularly using straight iron powder, preferably add these metal dusts as iron-based powder.These metal dusts also can be the ferroalloys that constitutes alloy with iron, perhaps by the two or more alloy powders that constitute beyond the iron.
As inorganic powder, for example can enumerate manganese sulfide, manganese disulfide sulfides; Nitride such as boron nitride; Oxides such as boric acid, magnesia, potassium oxide, silica; Graphite such as native graphite and Delanium; Phosphorus, sulphur etc.
These mechanical properties are improved powder and be may be used singly or in combination of two or more use.
In the present invention, preferably using particle diameter (median particle diameter) is that the mechanical property of (laser diffraction and scattering method (Microtrac)) about 2～150 μ m is improved powder.
The combined amount that above-mentioned mechanical property is improved powder limits especially, can be according to the desired all characteristic arbitrary decisions of end article (sintered body), but preferably with respect to iron-based powder 100 mass parts, add up to 0.1 mass parts above, below 10 mass parts.If in above-mentioned scope, then mechanical property is improved composition and fully is diffused in the iron-based powder, so the effect of improving of mechanical property manifests.In addition, can be prevented compressibility and reduce press-powder body with sufficient density.Particularly the combined amount of inorganic powder such as graphite is more than 0.1 mass parts, below 10 mass parts with respect to iron-based powder 100 mass parts preferably.If in above-mentioned scope, then additive effect is abundant, the characteristic of machinery that can also prevent sintered body in addition is because the problem that the mixing of inorganic powder reduces on the contrary.
For example, when using straight iron powder as iron-based powder, the preferred combined amount that each mechanical property is improved powder is, with respect to straight iron powder 100 mass parts, and copper: 0.1～5 mass parts; Nickel: 0.1～10 mass parts; Chromium: 0.1～8 mass parts; Molybdenum: 0.1～5 mass parts; Graphite: 0.1～2 mass parts; Manganese sulfide: 0.1～5 mass parts.
(lubricant)
In the present invention, by using acid amides base lubricant modulation mixed powder for powder metallurgy, can access high density as lubricant, and have the press-powder body of excellent lubricity and the sintered body of outward appearance excellence.
As the acid amides base lubricant that uses among the present invention, can enumerate aliphatic amide and aliphatic bisamide.
As aliphatic amide, can enumerate lauric amide (ラ ウ リ Application acid ア ミ De); palmitamide (パ Le チ ミ Application acid ア ミ De); stearic amide (ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De); mountain Yu acid acid amides (ベ ヘ Application acid ア ミ De); hydroxy stearic acid acid amides (ヒ De ロ キ シ ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De); oleamide (オ レ イ Application acid ア ミ De); erucyl amide (エ Le カ acid ア ミ De); castor oil acid amides (リ シ ノ one Le acid ア ミ De); N-dodecyl lauric amide (N-ラ ウ リ Le ラ ウ リ Application acid ア ミ De); N-palmityl palmitamide (N-パ Le ミ チ Le パ Le ミ チ Application acid ア ミ De); N-stearylstearic amide (N-ス テ ア リ Le ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De); N-oil base oleamide (N-オ レ イ Le オ レ イ Application acid ア ミ De); N-stearyl oleamide (N-ス テ ア リ Le オ レ イ Application acid ア ミ De); N-oil base stearic amide (オ レ イ Le ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De); N-stearyl erucyl amide (N-ス テ ア リ Le エ Le カ acid ア ミ De); N-oil base palmitamide (N-オ レ イ Le パ Le ミ チ Application acid ア ミ De); N-stearyl-hydroxy stearic acid acid amides (N-ス テ ア リ Le one ヒ De ロ キ Application ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De); N-oil base-hydroxy stearic acid acid amides (N-オ レ イ Le one ヒ De ロ キ シ ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De); methylol stearic amide (メ チ ロ one Le ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De); methylol behenamide (メ チ ロ one Le ベ ヘ Application acid ア ミ De) etc.
In addition, as the aliphatic bisamide, can enumerate di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide stearic amide (メ チ レ Application PVC ス ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De), di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide lauric amide (メ チ レ Application PVC ス ラ ウ リ Application acid ア ミ De), di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide hydroxy stearic acid acid amides (メ チ レ Application PVC ス ヒ De ロ キ シ ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De), the two sad acid amides of ethylene (エ チ レ Application PVC ス カ プ リ Le acid ア ミ De), the two capric acid acidamides of ethylene (エ チ レ Application PVC ス カ プ リ Application acid ア ミ De), ethylene dilaurate acid amides (エ チ レ Application PVC ス ラ ウ リ Application acid ア ミ De), ethylene bis stearic acid amide (エ チ レ Application PVC ス ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De), ethylene two isostearic acid acid amides (エ チ レ Application PVC ス イ ソ ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De), the two hydroxy stearic acid acid amides of ethylene (エ チ レ Application PVC ス ヒ De ロ キ シ ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De), ethylene Shuan behenamide (エ チ レ Application PVC ス ベ ヘ Application acid ア ミ De), the two stearic amides of hexamethylene (ヘ キ サ メ チ レ Application PVC ス ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De), hexamethylene Shuan behenamide (ヘ キ サ メ チ レ Application PVC ス ベ ヘ Application acid ア ミ De), the two hydroxy stearic acid acid amides of hexamethylene (ヘ キ サ メ チ レ Application PVC ス ヒ De ロ キ シ ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De), the two hydroxy stearic acid acid amides of butyl (Block チ レ Application PVC ス ヒ De ロ キ シ ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De), N, N '-two octadecyl adipic acid acid amides (N, N '-ジ ス テ ア リ Le ア ジ ピ Application acid ア ミ De), N, N '-two octadecyl decanedioic acid acid amides (N, N '-ジ ス テ ア リ Le セ バ シ Application acid ア ミ De), di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide oleamide (メ チ レ Application PVC ス オ レ イ Application acid ア ミ De), the two oleamide of ethylene (エ チ レ Application PVC ス オ レ イ Application acid ア ミ De), the two erucyl amides of ethylene (エ チ レ Application PVC ス エ Le カ acid ア ミ De), the two oleamide of hexamethylene (ヘ キ サ メ チ レ Application PVC ス オ レ イ Application acid ア ミ De), N, N '-two oil base adipic acid acid amides (N, N '-ジ オ レ イ Le ア ジ ピ Application acid ア ミ De), N, N-two oil base decanedioic acid acid amides (N, N-ジ オ レ イ Le セ バ シ Application acid ア ミ De), between xyxylene stearic amide (m-キ シ リ レ Application ス テ ア リ Application acid ア ミ De) N, the two octadecyl M-phthalic acid acid amides of N-(N, N-ジ ス テ ア リ Le イ ソ Off タ Le acid ア ミ De) etc.
These acid amides base lubricants may be used singly or in combination of two or more use.Particularly, preferably use N-oil base palmitamide (about 62 ℃ of fusing point), in addition,, preferably use the two oleamide (about 120 ℃ of fusing point) of ethylene as the aliphatic bisamide as aliphatic amide.Also have, in the present invention, the acid amides base lubricant is that the state with solution is added among the iron-based powder etc., rather than adds with molten condition, therefore can use dystectic acid amides base lubricant.
The acid amides base lubricant is preferably measured 100 mass parts with respect to the total that iron-based powder and mechanical property are improved powder, is included in the mixed powder for powder metallurgy in the scope of 0.01～2.0 mass parts.The content of acid amides base lubricant is in above-mentioned scope, and the effect (giving powder particle with lubricity, the densification of press-powder body) that is brought by the interpolation of lubricant can be not fully exerted.In addition, can not be because the interpolation of lubricant hinders the densification of press-powder body on the contrary.The preferred content of acid amides base lubricant is 0.05～1.2 mass parts, and further preferred content is 0.1～1.0 mass parts.
(lubricant solution)
The present invention uses the solution be dissolved with above-mentioned acid amides base lubricant, the surface of improving powder with lubricant lining iron-based powder and mechanical property.
In the present invention, as being used to modulate the solvent that acid amides base lubricant solution can use, if the acid amides base lubricant is solvable, and after iron-based powder etc. mixes, the solvent that can easily remove by heating and decompression etc., then do not limit especially, for example can enumerate the aromatic series hydrocarbon class of benzene and toluene etc.; Methyl alcohol (メ タ ノ one Le), ethanol (エ タ ノ one Le), isopropyl alcohol (イ ソ プ ロ パ ノ one Le), n-butanol (n-Block タ ノ one Le), isobutanol (イ ソ Block タ ノ one Le), sec-butyl alcohol (sec-Block タ ノ one Le), the tert-butyl alcohol (t one Block タ ノ one Le), amylalcohol (ペ Application タ ノ one Le), ethylene glycol (エ チ レ Application グ リ ユ one Le), propane diols (プ ロ ピ レ Application グ リ ユ one Le), 1,4 butanediols alcohols such as (1,4-Block タ Application ジ オ one Le).These solvents may be used singly or in combination of two or more use.
The modulator approach of acid amides base lubricant solution can adopt known method always, for example adds solvent in the acid amides base lubricant, then stirs and modulate to get final product.Also have, when the acid amides base lubricant is difficult to be dissolved in solvent, also can be to the suitable heating of solvent.For example, when using toluene, be heated to about 60 ℃ and get final product as solvent.
The acid amides base lubricant is not particularly limited with respect to the addition of solvent, but the content of the acid amides base lubricant in the preferred mixed powder for powder metallurgy is in above-mentioned scope, the surperficial integral body that can make iron-based powder and mechanical property improve powder covers the acid amides base lubricant equably, and can promptly remove thereafter and desolvate.For example, with respect to solvent quality part 100, more than preferred 1 mass parts, more preferably more than 2 mass parts, below preferred 40 mass parts, more preferably below 25 mass parts.
(lining of carrying out with the acid amides base lubricant)
Use acid amides base lubricant solution, improve the method on the surface of powder with acid amides base lubricant lining iron-based powder and mechanical property, adopting always, known method gets final product.
For example can be listed below method: after acid amides base lubricant solution and iron-based powder mixing, remove (by heating or decompression) solvent, then add the method that mechanical property is improved powder and mixed; After acid amides base lubricant solution and mechanical property improved powder and mix, remove and desolvate, the method for then adding iron-based powder and being mixed.Thus, can only be covered with the acid amides base lubricant to the side that iron-based powder or mechanical property are improved powder.
In addition, also can adopt following method: after iron-based powder and acid amides base lubricant solution are mixed, add mechanical property again and improve powder and mixed; After perhaps in iron-based powder and mechanical property are improved the mixture of powder, mixing acid amides base lubricant solution, remove again and desolvate.Thus, can improve the powder both sides with acid amides base lubricant lining iron-based powder and mechanical property.
In the present invention, because the lubricity between powder particle is improved, the arrangementization again of the powder particle when promoting compression molding, the therefore preferred method that adopts is to improve the powder both sides with acid amides base lubricant lining iron-based powder and mechanical property.
Though the addition that acid amides base lubricant solution improves powder with respect to iron-based powder and mechanical property also can be subjected to this solution acid amides base lubricant concentration about, but improve powder with respect to iron-based powder and mechanical property, be preferably more than 1 mass parts, more preferably more than 5 mass parts, be preferably below 20 mass parts, more preferably below 10 mass parts.Thus, the content that can either make the acid amides base lubricant in the mixed powder for powder metallurgy is in above-mentioned scope, and the surperficial integral body that can make iron-based powder and mechanical property improve powder again spreads all over acid amides base lubricant solution, and can promptly remove altogether and desolvate.
Iron-based powder and mechanical property are improved the mixing of powder and acid amides base lubricant solution, can use wing mixer, V-Mixer, dual cone mixer common employed mixers such as (W awls) to carry out.Preferably mix to stir content, re-use and to heat and the high speed agitator of decompression type carries out by rotating vane.
(manufacture method of sintered body)
Among the present invention, also comprise the mixed powder for powder metallurgy compression molding that to obtain by above-mentioned manufacture method, then carry out sintering and make the method for sintered body.
(compression molding)
In the present invention, for the qualification especially of compression forming method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy, can adopt known method always.The concrete molding condition of forming temperature and forming pressure etc., also different according to the shape of the kind of the composition that constitutes mixed-powder and addition, press-powder body etc.Use is carried out compression molding with the mixed powder for powder metallurgy that manufacture method of the present invention obtains, and can make the about 6.85g/cm of density thus
3Above press-powder body.Also have, the forming temperature during compression molding of the present invention is preferably room temperature.
In addition in the present invention, carry out compression molding, can reduce the knockout press that the press-powder body is deviate from from metal die by using the mixed powder for powder metallurgy that obtains with above-mentioned manufacture method.Specifically, with forming pressure 490.3MPa (5t/cm
2) when compressing, preferably can make ejection pressure is below the 10.0MPa, more preferably below the 9.5MPa, more preferably below the 9.0MPa.In addition, forming pressure is 686.5MPa (7t/cm
2) when compressing, preferably can make ejection pressure is below the 15.0MPa, more preferably below the 14.0MPa.
(taking off cured)
In the present invention, before being preferably included in the press-powder body that compression molding is obtained and carrying out sintering, remove the cured engineering of taking off of the acid amides base lubricant that remains in the press-powder body.This takes off cured operation for example can be by heating press-powder body, makes acid amides base lubricant in the press-powder body add thermal decomposition and carries out.Heating condition when taking off cured operation gets final product according to suitable adjustment of kind of employed acid amides base lubricant, generally is to carry out 10～30 minutes (more preferably 15～20 minutes) easy like this conditions with about 150～200 ℃.
(sintering)
The method of using above-mentioned press-powder body to obtain sintered body does not limit especially, can adopt common sintering method.Concrete sintering condition is also different according to the kind of the kind of the composition that constitutes the press-powder body and addition, end article etc., but preference is as at N
2, N
2-H
2, under the atmosphere such as hydrocarbon, carry out 5～60 minutes sintering with 1000～1300 ℃ temperature.
[embodiment]
Below, at length set forth the present invention based on embodiment.But following embodiment does not limit the present invention, whole being included in the technical scope of the present invention that the change of the scope of aim described later is implemented before not breaking away from.Also have, unless otherwise indicated, otherwise " part " meaning is " mass parts ", and " % " meaning is " quality % ".
At first, describe for the evaluation method of using in the experimental example below.
(press-powder volume density)
Measure the quality of mixed powder for powder metallurgy, after the compression molding,, try to achieve volume, calculate according to mass/volume with the diameter and the length of micrometer mensuration press-powder body (cylinder).
(demoulding pressure)
Use Instron (イ Application ス ト ロ Application) testing machine, the extraction of measuring and trying to achieve when the press-powder body is deviate from from metal die after being shaped is pressed.
(experimental example 1)
(modulation of acid amides base lubricant solution)
In as 20 parts of the toluene of solvent, add as 4 parts of the N-oil base palmitamides (Nippon Seika K.K.'s system) of acid amides base lubricant, mix to about 60 ℃ while heat, modulate acid amides base lubricant solution.
(modulation of mixed powder for powder metallurgy)
Add the acid amides base lubricant solution that obtains to straight iron powder (Kobe Steel Ltd's system as iron-based powder, 300M, particle diameter 50～150 μ m) in 100 parts and after mixing, add copper powder (the MAKIN METAL POWDERS that improves powder as mechanical property more respectively, AHF-100, particle diameter 30～50 μ m) 2.0 parts and graphite powder (Japanese graphite Industrial Co., Ltd, JCPBK, particle diameter 3～5 μ m) 0.8 part and mixing, then toluene is fallen in decompression distillation, obtains mixed powder for powder metallurgy (addition that the acid amides base lubricant improves 100 parts of the total amounts of powder with respect to iron-based powder and mechanical property is 0.3 part).
(compression molding)
Then, in metal die (cylinder form metal mould, 11.28
) in put into mixed powder for powder metallurgy 7.0g, respectively with 490.3MPa (5t/cm
2) or 686.5MPa (7t/cm
2) surface pressing carry out the compression molding of (25 ℃) under the room temperature, obtain press-powder body 1-1 and press-powder body 1-2 respectively.
(press-powder bulk properties)
Measure the press-powder body 1-1 obtain and the density of 1-2 respectively, and the demoulding when deviating from is pressed from metal die.Its result is presented in the table 1.
(experimental example 2,3)
(modulation of acid amides base lubricant solution, the modulation of mixed powder for powder metallurgy, compression molding)
Add acid amides base lubricant solution, the addition that makes the acid amides base lubricant improve 100 parts of the total amounts of powder with respect to iron-based powder and mechanical property is 0.4 part (experimental example 2) or 0.5 part (experimental example 3), in addition all identical with experimental example 1, obtain press-powder body 2-1,2-2 (the above embodiment 2 of being), and press-powder body 3-1,3-2 (above is experimental example 3).
(press-powder bulk properties)
Measure the press-powder body 2-1 obtain and the density of 2-2 and press-powder body 3-1,3-2 respectively, and the demoulding when deviating from is pressed from metal die.Its result is presented in the table 1.
(experimental example 4)
(modulation of acid amides base lubricant solution, the modulation of mixed powder for powder metallurgy, compression molding)
As the acid amides base lubricant, use the two oleamide of ethylene, with replacements experimental example 1 in the N-oil base palmitamide (big Nippon Chemical Ind system) that uses, in addition all with test 1 identically, obtain press-powder body 4-1,4-2.
(press-powder bulk properties)
Measure the press-powder body 4-1 obtain and the density of 4-2 respectively, and the demoulding when deviating from is pressed from metal die.Its result is presented in the table 1.
(experimental example 5,6)
(modulation of acid amides base lubricant solution, the modulation of mixed powder for powder metallurgy, compression molding)
Add acid amides base lubricant solution, the addition that makes the acid amides base lubricant improve 100 parts of the total amounts of powder with respect to iron-based powder and mechanical property is 0.4 part (experimental example 5) or 0.5 part (experimental example 6), in addition all identical with experimental example 4, obtain press-powder body 5-1,5-2 (the above embodiment 5 of being), and press-powder body 6-1,6-2 (above is experimental example 6).
(press-powder bulk properties)
Measure press-powder body 5-1, the 5-2 obtain and the density of press-powder body 6-1,6-2 respectively, and the demoulding when deviating from is pressed from metal die.Its result is presented in the table 1.
(experimental example 7)
Will be as the powder of the N-oil base palmitamide of acid amides base lubricant, add to as after being mixed in 100 parts of the straight iron powders of iron-based powder, add respectively again as mechanical property and improve 2.0 parts of the copper powders and 0.8 part of the graphite powder of powder and mixed, obtain mixed powder for powder metallurgy (addition that the acid amides base lubricant improves 100 parts of the total amounts of powder with respect to iron-based powder and mechanical property is 0.3 part).
That is, use acid amides base lubricant powder (powder of N-oil base palmitamide) to replace the acid amides base lubricant solution of experimental example 1, in addition all identical with experimental example 1, so obtain mixed powder for powder metallurgy.
(press-powder shaping)
Then, use the mixed powder for powder metallurgy that obtains, similarly carry out compression molding, obtain press-powder body 7-1,7-2 with experimental example 1.
(press-powder bulk properties)
Measure the press-powder body 7-1 obtain and the density of 7-2 respectively, and the demoulding when deviating from is pressed from metal die.Its result is presented in the table 2.
(experimental example 8,9)
(modulation of mixed powder for powder metallurgy, compression molding)
Add acid amides base lubricant powder, the addition that makes the acid amides base lubricant improve 100 parts of the total amounts of powder with respect to iron-based powder and mechanical property is 0.4 part (experimental example 8) or 0.5 part (experimental example 9), in addition all identical with experimental example 7, obtain press-powder body 8-1,8-2 (the above embodiment 8 of being), and press-powder body 9-1,9-2 (above is experimental example 9).
(press-powder bulk properties)
Measure press-powder body 8-1, the 8-2 obtain and the density of press-powder body 9-1,9-2 respectively, and the demoulding when deviating from is pressed from metal die.Its result is presented in the table 2.
(experimental example 10)
(modulation of mixed powder for powder metallurgy, compression molding)
As the acid amides base lubricant, use the powder of the two oleamide of ethylene, replace the powder of the N-oil base palmitamide that uses in the experimental example 7, in addition all identical with embodiment 7, obtain press-powder body 10-1,10-2 (above is experimental example 10).
That is, use acid amides base lubricant powder (powders of the two oleamide of ethylene) to replace the acid amides base lubricant solution of experimental example 4, in addition all identical and obtain the press-powder body with experimental example 4.
(press-powder bulk properties)
Measure the press-powder body 10-1 obtain and the density of 10-2 respectively, and the demoulding when deviating from is pressed from metal die.Its result is presented in the table 2.
(experimental example 11,12)
(modulation of mixed powder for powder metallurgy, compression molding)
Add acid amides base lubricant solution, the addition that makes the acid amides base lubricant improve 100 parts of the total amounts of powder with respect to iron-based powder and mechanical property is 0.4 part (experimental example 11) or 0.5 part (experimental example 12), in addition all identical with experimental example 10, obtain press-powder body 11-1,11-2 (the above embodiment 11 of being), and press-powder body 12-1,12-2 (above is experimental example 12).
(press-powder bulk properties)
Measure press-powder body 11-1, the 11-2 obtain and the density of 12-1,12-2 respectively, and the demoulding when deviating from is pressed from metal die.Its result is presented in the table 2.
[table 1]
[table 2]
According to experimental example 1～6 and experimental example 7～12 more as can be known, modulate mixed powder for powder metallurgy by the solution that uses the acid amides base lubricant, compare with the situation of the powder that uses the acid amides base lubricant, press-powder volume density (intensity) uprises, in addition, step-down is pressed in the demoulding.In addition, by experimental example 1～6 as can be known, the addition of acid amides base lubricant is many more, and the demoulding is pressed low more.
[utilizing on the industry possibility]
The present invention is useful in the manufacturing of the good sintered body of high strength, outward appearance.
Claims (8)
1. the manufacture method of a mixed powder for powder metallurgy is characterized in that, is to contain the manufacture method that iron-based powder and mechanical property are improved the mixed powder for powder metallurgy of powder and lubricant, wherein, comprises following operation:
Described iron-based powder and/or described mechanical property are improved powder mix, then remove the solvent in the described solution, with the acid amides base lubricant surface that described iron-based powder and/or described mechanical property improve powder that is covered with acid amides base lubricant solution.
2. the manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, with respect to the total amount is that the described iron-based powder and the described mechanical property of 100 mass parts improved powder, adds the described acid amides base lubricant of 0.01 mass parts～2.0 mass parts.
3. the manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described acid amides base lubricant is aliphatic amide and/or aliphatic bisamide.
4. the manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described aliphatic amide is a N-oil base palmitamide.
5. the manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described aliphatic bisamide is the two oleamide of ethylene.
6. the manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is at least a powder of selecting from copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, graphite and manganese sulfide that described mechanical property is improved powder.
7. the manufacture method of a sintered body is characterized in that, comprises following operation: the mixed powder for powder metallurgy compression molding that will obtain by each described manufacture method in the claim 1～6, then carry out sintering.
8. the manufacture method of sintered body according to claim 7 is characterized in that, carries out compression molding at normal temperature.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009-138263 | 2009-06-09 | ||
| JP2009138263A JP2010285633A (en) | 2009-06-09 | 2009-06-09 | Method of producing powder mixture for powder metallurgy, and method of producing sintered body |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101920335A true CN101920335A (en) | 2010-12-22 |
Family
ID=43300879
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010180677XA Pending CN101920335A (en) | 2009-06-09 | 2010-05-14 | The manufacture method of mixed powder for powder metallurgy and the manufacture method of sintered body |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100310406A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2010285633A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20100132455A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101920335A (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2010285633A (en) | 2010-12-24 |
| US20100310406A1 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
| KR20100132455A (en) | 2010-12-17 |
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Application publication date: 20101222 |