CN1501980A - 埃坡霉素的降解及乙炔取代的埃坡霉素 - Google Patents

埃坡霉素的降解及乙炔取代的埃坡霉素 Download PDF

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CN1501980A
CN1501980A CNA028055349A CN02805534A CN1501980A CN 1501980 A CN1501980 A CN 1501980A CN A028055349 A CNA028055349 A CN A028055349A CN 02805534 A CN02805534 A CN 02805534A CN 1501980 A CN1501980 A CN 1501980A
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hydroxyl
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格哈德·赫夫勒
乌萨玛·卡拉玛
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Abstract

本发明涉及埃坡霉素(epothilone)C或埃坡霉素D的降解方法,其中埃坡霉素C或埃坡霉素D在乙烯的存在下发生烯烃置换和后续任选的酯水解。本发明进一步涉及(2-甲基-1,3-噻唑-4-基)-乙炔取代的埃坡霉素(9),分子式(9)。

Description

埃坡霉素的降解及乙炔取代的埃坡霉素
C型和D型埃坡霉素(epothilone)属于现有技术,特别地其特征在于12和13位的C=C双键和12位的氢原子(C型)或烷基(D型)。
本发明的一个实施方案涉及埃坡霉素C或埃坡霉素D的降解方法,其中埃坡霉素C或埃坡霉素D在乙烯的存在下发生烯烃置换和后续任选的酯水解(图I)。
根据本发明,埃坡霉素C或D可以是发酵产物。
本发明的另一个实施方案涉及式9的埃坡霉素的生产方法:
其中将式2a的埃坡霉素(图I和II)转化成式3a的化合物(图II),使式3a的化合物与式6的化合物(由式4的化合物与式5的化合物反应形成,图II)反应,从而通过酯化得到式7的化合物(图II),使式7的化合物在Grubbs催化剂的存在下反应,从而通过脱保护得到式8a的化合物(图II),式8a的化合物通过脱保护而被转化成式8b的化合物(图II),式8b的化合物通过环氧化而被转化成式9的化合物(图II)。
作为不同于图I中描述的反应顺序的另一选择,可以根据图3通过以下步骤获得合成中间体3:
1)用例如猪肝酯酶(PLE)裂解埃坡霉素C或D的内酯,或者在保护3,7-羟基后,用碱水溶液裂解埃坡霉素C或D的内酯,从而得到10(这种转化在美国专利申请09/811,808,2001年3月19日,BMS/GBF中有描述);
2)任选地用重氮甲烷酯化,并任选地保护3,7-二羟基,从而得到11;
3)用过量烯烃,例如乙烯,以及钌或钼置换催化剂进行烯烃置换,并任选地保护3,7-二羟基,得到3b。
实验部分
12,13-断裂-埃坡霉素C(12,13-seco-Epothilone C)(2a):
在250mL二氯甲烷中溶解450mg埃坡霉素C(1)(0.95mmol),用乙烯饱和,并且在加入60mg Grubbs催化剂(PhCHRuCl2[P(Cy)3]2)后搅拌24小时。加入另外60mg催化剂并搅拌24小时后,将黑色溶液蒸发至干,并且将残留物通过在二氧化硅上用己烷/叔丁基甲基酯/甲醇80∶20∶1的溶剂系统的色谱法进行纯化。第一部分含有360mg(75%)的2a,第二部分含有100mg(22%)的回收原料1。
2a:1H-NMR(CDCl3),300MHz):δ=6.95(s,19-H),6.02(s,17-H),5.89-5.64(m,12-H,13-H),5.16-4.89(m,12a-H2,13a-H2),5.37(t,J=7Hz,15-H),4.24(ddd,J=10,3,3.5Hz,3-H),3.36(s,OH),3.34(d,J=8Hz,7-H),3.25(dq,J=1.5,7Hz,8-H),3.21(d,J=3.8Hz,OH),2.70(s,21-H3),2.52-2.32(m,2-H2,14-H2),2.07(d,J=1.5Hz,16-Me),2.05-1.95(m,11-H2),1.8-1.1(m,6-H,8-H,9-H2,10-H2),1.18(s,4-Me),1.10(s,4-Me),1.04(d,J=7Hz,6-Me),0.83(d,J=7Hz,8-Me)。
ESI-MS(正离子)m/z=506[M+H+],CI-MS(NH3正离子)m/z=506[M+H+](22%),380(100%)。
3,7-二-[叔丁基二甲基-甲硅烷氧基]-4,4,6,8-四甲基-5-氧-12-十三烯酸(3a)
搅拌下,向330mg(0.65mmol)溶解在10mL THF中的12,13-断裂-埃坡霉素C(2a)中加入0.6mL NEt3和0.6mL叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷triflate。一小时后,在真空中蒸发溶剂。将残留物在10mL THF中溶解,加入溶解在0.5mL水中的70mg LiOH,将混合物搅拌16小时。蒸发溶剂,使残留物在pH5的磷酸盐缓冲液和乙酸乙酯间分配。用无水MgSO4干燥有机层并蒸发至干。在RP-18上用溶剂系统甲醇/pH7的20mmol乙酸铵缓冲液进行制备HPLC,得到235mg(67%)的无色粘稠油状物3a。
分析HPLC,在Nucleosil RP-18(260×5mm)上,溶剂系统甲醇/pH7的20mmol乙酸铵缓冲液,1mL/min,光散射检测器:Rt=5.5min。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz):δ=5.78(m,12-H),4.99,4.92(m,13H2),4.39(dd,J=6.3,3.4Hz,3-H),3.79(dd,J=7.2,2.0Hz,7-H),3.12(dq,J=7.0Hz,8-H),2.49(dd,J=16.5,3.5Hz,2-Ha),2.32(dd,J=16.5,6.2Hz,2-Hb),1.5-1.0(m,6-H,8-H,9-H2,10-H2,11-H2),1.2(s,4-Me),1.07(s,4-Me),1.04(d,J=6.9Hz,6-Me),0.91(d,J=7.0Hz,8-Me),0.89(s,tBuSi),0.88(s,tBuSi),0.09(s,MeSi),0.06(s,MeSi),0.05(s,2MeSi)。
ESI-MS(负离子)m/z=541(M-H)。
4-溴-2-甲基-噻唑(4)
在25mL无水乙醚中溶解1g(2.05mmol)2,4-二溴噻唑,将所得溶液在-78℃于N2气氛中搅拌。向该溶液中加入n-BuLi(1.1当量,4.52mmol,2.82mL 1.6M己烷溶液),继续搅拌1小时。然后向反应混合物中逐滴加入1.16mL(12.34mmol)二甲基硫酸酯在1mL乙醚中的溶液。在-78℃搅拌4小时后,使反应混合物暖至室温并搅拌14小时。用饱和NaHCO3溶液(10mL)稀释反应混合物。用乙醚萃取水层,用盐水洗涤合并的有机萃取液并用MgSO4干燥。真空下浓缩,并进行闪蒸柱色谱(硅胶,10∶1石油醚/乙酸乙酯),得到0.52g(70.6%)黄色油状物。
IR(KBr):3122,2923,1485,1441,1252,1178,1085,887,834cm-1
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ=7.02(s,1H),2.71(s,3H)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100.6MHz):δ=167.31,124.18,116.11,19.40。
EI-MS(70eV):m/z(%):179(93)[M+2H]+,177(100)[M+H]+,169(30),164(20),159(15)。
HRMS(EI):C4H4BrNS的计算值176.9251,实测176.9248。
1-(2-甲基-噻唑-4-基)-己-5-烯-1-炔-3-醇(6)
向480mg(2.68mmol)4-溴-2-甲基-噻唑(4)在4mL Et3N中的溶液中加入131mg(0.187mmol)PdCl2(PPh3)2,将悬浮液在室温下于N2气氛中搅拌15分钟,然后在N2气氛中加入117mg(0.614mmol)CuI,接着逐滴加入283mg醇5(A.B.Smith,III等,JACS 120,3935-3948(1998))在1mL Et3N中的溶液。将混合物在室温搅拌15分钟并加热至80℃,保持6小时。真空下浓缩,并进行闪蒸柱色谱(硅胶,3∶2石油醚/乙酸乙酯),得到0.29g(56%)黄色油状物。
[α]=-29.1(c=1,在氯仿中)
IR(KBr):3386,3142,2924,1641,1501,1435,1286,1194,1041,993,918cm-1
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ=7.26(s,1H),5.98-5.88(m,1H),5.23-5.16(m,2H),4.62(dd,J=11.9,5.8Hz,1H),2.68(3H,S),2.58-2.54(2H,m),2.39(d J=6.1Hz,1H,OH)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75.5MHz):δ=165.77,136.20,133.09,122.48,118.85,89.53,79.04,61.84,41.87,19.10。
DCI-MS(NH3):211[M+NH4 +],194[M+H+]。
(1S)-1-[(2-甲基-噻唑-4-基)-1-己炔基]-3-丁烯基(3S,6R,7S,8S)-3,7-二-[叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基]-4,4,6,8-四甲基-5-氧-12-十三烯酸酯(7)
在0℃下,向200mg(0.368mmol)酸、79mg(0.405mmol)醇和12mg(0.09mmol)DMAP在10mL CH2Cl2中的溶液中加入99mg(0.478mmol)DCC。将混合物在0℃下搅拌15分钟,并在室温下搅拌16小时。真空下浓缩,并进行闪蒸柱色谱(硅胶,10∶1石油醚/乙酸乙酯),得到240mg(91%)黄色油状物。
[α]=-45.8(c=1,在CH2Cl2中)
IR(KBr):2929,2856,1742,1697,1641,1472,1253,989cm-1
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ=7.28(s,1H,噻唑H-5),5.91-5.73(m,2H,H-12,H-3),5.58(t,J=6.1Hz,1H,H-1′),5.20-4.90(m,4H,H-13,H-4′),4.38(dd,J=6.3,3.3Hz,1H,H-3),3.74(dd,J=6.8,2.2Hz,1H,H-7),3.11(dq,J=6.8,6.8Hz,1H,H-6),2.67(s,3H,噻唑CH3),2.60(t,J=6.6Hz,1H,H-2),2.55(dd,J=16.7,3.5Hz,1H,H-2′),2.29(dd,J=17.0,63Hz,1H,H-2′),2.05-1.95(m,2H,H-11),1.47-1.29(m,3H),1.17-1.08(m,2H)(H-8,H-9,H-10),1.21(s,3H,H-22),1.05(s,3H,H-23),1.03(d,J=6.6Hz,3H,C6-CH3),0.89(d,J=6.6Hz,3H,C8-CH3),0.88,0.87(2s,2×9H,OSiC(CH3)3),0.089(s,3H,OSi(CH3)2),0.032,0.028,0.024(3s,3×3H,OSi(CH3)2)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100.6MHz):217.63,170.84,165.55,138.97,136.08,132.23,123.22,118.91,114.41,85.67,79.97,73.76,63.77,53.38,45.23,40.20,39.09,38.87,34.35,34.00,30.48,27.11,26.26,26.07,25.66,24.97,23.44,19.89,18.55,17.66,15.52,-3.61,-3.74,-4.20,-4.59。
DCI-MS(NH3):735[M+NH4 +],718[M+H+]。
HRMS(DCI):C39H70N2O5SSi2的计算值735.4622,实测735.4675。
(4S,7R,8S,9S,16S)-4,8-二-叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基-5,5,7,9-四甲基-1-6-[2-(2-甲基-1,3-噻唑-4-基)-1-乙炔基]-1-氧-13-环十六烯-2,6-二酮,Z和E异构体的混合物(8a)
向190mg(0.264mmol)二烯7在66mL CH2Cl2中的溶液中加入44mg(0.053mmol)双(三环己基膦)亚苄基二氯化钌,并将反应混合物在室温下搅拌48小时。真空下浓缩,并进行闪蒸柱色谱(硅胶,10∶1石油醚/乙酸乙酯),得到95mg(52%)黄色油状物。
(4S,7R,8S,9S,16S)-4,8-二羟基-叔-5,5,7,9-四甲基-1-6-[2-(2-甲基-1,3-噻唑-4-基)-1-乙炔基]-1-氧-13-环十六烯-2,6-二酮(8b),顺反异构体的混合物
用2mL三氟乙酸处理95mg(0.137mmol)内酯X在12mLCH2Cl2中的-20℃的溶液,并在0℃下搅拌2小时。真空下浓缩后,用EtOAC稀释残留物,用饱和NaHCO3溶液洗涤,并用MgSO4干燥。真空下浓缩,并通过HPLC(80∶20∶3己烷/t-BuOMe/MeOH)分离,得到27mg(42%)的顺-羟基内酯8b和27mg(42%)的相应的反式异构体。
[α]=-123(c=1,在CH2Cl2中)
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ=7.30(s,1H,H-19),5.65(dd,J=9.1,2.9Hz,1H,H-15),5.55-5.41(m,2H,H-12,H-13),4.20(dd,J=10.8,2.7Hz,1H,H-3),3.67-3.65(m,1H,H-7),3.12(dq,J=6.6,2.0Hz,1H,H-6),2.88-2.77(m,1H,H-14),2.70(s,3H,H-21),2.51(dd,J=15.0Hz,10.9Hz,1H,H-2),2.27(dd,J=15.2,2.8Hz,1H,H-2),2.18-2.00(m,2H,H-11,H-14),1.71-1.58(m,3H,H-8,H-9,H-10),1.32(s,3H,H-22),1.30-1.19(3H,H-8,H-9,H-10),1.18(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-24),1.07(s,3H,H-23),0.98(d,J=6.9Hz,3H,H-25)。
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75.5MHz):δ=220.81,169.96,164.44,134.16,134.27,123.75,123.00,86.13,80.00,74.38,72.03,64.11,53.31,41.74,39.37,38.71,32.87,32.37,27.63,27.47,22.69,19.18,18.37,15.46,13.70。
16,17-二脱氢-16-去甲基-埃坡霉素A(9)
在-20℃下,向27mg(0.058mmol)内酯(8b)在4mL CH2Cl2的溶液中逐滴加入二甲基二环氧乙烷(dimethyl dioxirane)在丙酮中的溶液(2当量)。在-20℃下继续搅拌2小时。真空下浓缩,并通过HPLC(80∶20∶3己烷/t-BuOMe/MeOH)分离,得到17mg(60%)α-环氧化物9和9mg(32%)的β-环氧化物。
α-环氧化物
[α]=-34(c=1,在CH2Cl2中)
IR(KBr):3453,2958,2850,1744,1690,1500,1467,1376,1290,1261,1147,979,775cm-1
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100.6MHz):220.55,170.19,166.12,135.50,123.28,85.00,80.56,75.12,73.59,62.71,57.17,53.75,52.67,43.68,38.69,35.96,32.67,29.72,26.56,23.63,21.12,20.48,19.16,17.06,14.46。
EI-MS(70eV):m/z(%):477(27)[M+H]+,421(14),389(19),378(100),364(28),346(27),328(15)。
β-环氧化物
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75.5MHz):δ=221.38,170.03,166.05,135.70,123.28,85.13,80.48,73.24,73.11,62.24,57.14,55.31,52.28,42.89,38.98,37.53,32.40,31.82,27.60,27.01,23.45,20.62,20.36,16.38,13.49。

Claims (11)

1.埃坡霉素C或埃坡霉素D的降解方法,其中埃坡霉素C或埃坡霉素D在乙烯的存在下发生烯烃置换和后续任选的酯水解(图I)。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中埃坡霉素C或D是发酵产物。
3.式9的埃坡霉素的生产方法:
Figure A0280553400021
其中
(i)将式2a的埃坡霉素(图I和II)转化成式3a的化合物(图II),
(ii)使式3a的化合物与式6的化合物(由式4的化合物与式5的化合物反应形成,图II)反应,得到式7的化合物(图II),
(iii)使式7的化合物在Grubbs催化剂的存在下反应,得到式8a的化合物(图II),
(iv)将式8a的化合物转化成式8b的化合物(图II),以及
(v)将式8b的化合物转化成式9的化合物(图II)。
4.根据权利要求3的方法,其中在步骤(i)中首先将自由羟基保护,接着进行酯水解。
5.根据权利要求3的方法,其中在步骤(iv)中,在酸介质中,优选用三氟乙酸进行脱保护。
6.式3b的化合物的生产方法:
R=H,甲基
P=H,保护基团,例如三烷基甲硅烷基,对甲氧苄基
其中
(i)将埃坡霉素C或埃坡霉素D的内酯基团裂解,
(ii)使式10的裂解产物(图III)
-任选地用重氮甲烷进行酯化,并且
-将3,7-羟基任选地保护,得到式11的化合物(图III),以及
(iii)使式11的化合物
-发生烯烃置换,并且
-任选地保护3,7-羟基,得到式3b的化合物(图III)。
7.根据权利要求6的方法,其中在步骤(i)中裂解如下进行:
-用猪肝酯酶进行,
-在保护3,7-羟基后,用碱水溶液进行。
8.根据权利要求6的方法,其中在步骤(iii)中,用乙烯作为烯烃和/或用钌或钼催化剂作为置换催化剂。
9.根据权利要求3或6的方法,其中用三烷基甲硅烷基或对甲氧苄基保护3,7-羟基。
10.根据权利要求6的方法,其中按照权利要求3的步骤(ii)至(v)进一步加工式3b的化合物。
11.可以由一项或多项前述权利要求的方法得到的式2、2a、3、3a、3b、4、5、6、7、8、8a、8b、9、10和11的化合物。
CNA028055349A 2001-02-27 2002-02-27 埃坡霉素的降解及乙炔取代的埃坡霉素 Pending CN1501980A (zh)

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