CN1498195A - Thermally prestressed screen for cathode ray tubes and method for producing said screen - Google Patents
Thermally prestressed screen for cathode ray tubes and method for producing said screen Download PDFInfo
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- CN1498195A CN1498195A CNA028067703A CN02806770A CN1498195A CN 1498195 A CN1498195 A CN 1498195A CN A028067703 A CNA028067703 A CN A028067703A CN 02806770 A CN02806770 A CN 02806770A CN 1498195 A CN1498195 A CN 1498195A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B27/00—Tempering or quenching glass products
- C03B27/04—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas
- C03B27/06—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas for glass products other than flat or bent glass plates, e.g. hollow glassware, lenses
- C03B27/065—Stresses, e.g. patterns, values or formulae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
- C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
- C03B11/10—Construction of plunger or mould for making hollow or semi-hollow articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B25/00—Annealing glass products
- C03B25/04—Annealing glass products in a continuous way
- C03B25/06—Annealing glass products in a continuous way with horizontal displacement of the glass products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B29/00—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins
- C03B29/04—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins in a continuous way
- C03B29/06—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins in a continuous way with horizontal displacement of the products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
- H01J29/86—Vessels; Containers; Vacuum locks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/24—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases
- H01J9/244—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases specially adapted for cathode ray tubes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2229/00—Details of cathode ray tubes or electron beam tubes
- H01J2229/86—Vessels and containers
- H01J2229/8613—Faceplates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
- Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
In order to make thermally prestressed screens more fracture-proof vis-a-vis a dynamic load, a defined distribution of the compressive surface stresses applied by thermal prestressing is necessary. Also the glass density should be as low and uniform as possible in order to avoid any disturbing influences on the brightness of the images to be represented. Known manufacturing processes are time-and cost-intensive and cannot meet all requirements. According to the invention, first of all a multi-part heat-optimized pressing tool is used in which heat dissipation is increased in those areas in which an increased compressive surface stress is to be established. The screen is then reheated and evenly soaked and is quickly cooled to a lower temperature for the purpose of fine annealing. The distribution of stresses is adjusted in a precise manner so that the glass density does not substantially change (compaction) during the thermal post-treatment.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of warm prestress window of tube that is used for cathode tube, this window of tube has the distribution of definite bearing stress, and be essentially the orthogonal panel by one and form, around this panel a curved band being arranged, this band seals with welded edge.
In addition, the present invention relates to this fluoroscopic manufacture method.
Particularly the cathode tube of making as the glass of using as the indicating meter of television picture tube or PC by a window of tube promptly the neck of a panel (also claiming enclosed globe shade), cone and negative ray system form, a curved band is arranged around this panel, each limit of this cone and this band are tightly connected, and this neck is that welding is on this cone aperture.
The annular band generally is substantially perpendicular to approximate rectangular panel and extends, and when the cathode tube of routine, this panel is sphere to be heaved, but when modern flat faced screen, this panel can be flat basically also.
This cathode tube bears after vacuumizing because the very high pressure load that barometric point causes.The window of tube of large-area kinescope and this place's special use is especially true.This pressure load causes fluoroscopic panel to arch upward inwards.
In order to prevent that owing to breaking that this pressure load causes, when making window of tube, picture tube should adopt high breaking tenacity and high anticracking standard as far as possible.This can realize by fluoroscopic enough big wall thickness and suitable Thickness Distribution.In general, the wall thickness of fluoroscopic panel is big more, and fluoroscopic panel is just flat more, that is seldom arches upward, but this can cause the increase of the weight of window of tube and picture tube.
Except the geometrical shape and glass intensity of glass part, the annular band of panel also helps to improve the breaking tenacity of cathode tube.If there is not annular band, then in the joining region between window of tube and the picture tube cone or around it under the travelling load effect promptly when hitting or impact, produce very high tensile stress, this tensile stress can cause window of tube to break along fillet.But in situation about imploding, this is undesirable.
Angle between the band that panel and annular bending form needn't accurately be 90 °.So the thickness of annular band, shape, height and other geometrical features, the zone of transition that also has panel generally are designs like this, promptly the picture tube of Cheng Xinging must have required intensity.
Thereby total rupture strength of fluoroscopic total rupture strength-picture tube-also depend on fluoroscopic manufacture and the mechanical stress that produces to a great extent in window of tube, this waits the following describes.
Fluoroscopic typical manufacturing processed is made up of the following step: the so-called tumbler pin and adjusting, the step that eliminates stress and grinding and the polishing step that are used for fixing baffle with fused frit compacting window of tube blank, initial cooling step, introducing.
Eliminate stress and generally be divided into two stages.At initial period,, make equalizing temperature and in short fall time, reduce stress the even heat penetration of the window of tube that is pressed into (promptly so-called " all thermal treatment ").And in back to back next stage, window of tube is the such cool to room temperature of speed of cooling to determine then, and window of tube is avoided owing to instantaneous stress breaks.
Preferably in selected subregion, make window of tube produce higher bearing stress at least, so that compensation is because vacuum-load and because the tensile stress that the band that adds around the picture tube structurally causes.
In addition, remember in the manufacturing processed of cathode tube, picture tube is repeated to be heated to higher temperature.In heating cycle and back to back refrigeration cycle process, repeatedly produce stress transient state, that heat causes and the minimizing of unrelieved stress in the picture tube.When splicing up to 450 ℃ of temperature, a known problem of existence is that fluoroscopic bight is owing to too high instantaneous stress breaks in window of tube and cone.In addition, because the minimizing of the stress of near surface, reduced the breaking tenacity of the picture tube of making.Because the different thermal expansion of glass part also may produce new stress along adjoining edge after used frit crystallization.Do not become suitable ratio mutually if the different piece of system is the thermal expansion of window of tube/frit-connection/cone, then can produce adverse influence the performance of breaking.
Another problem that exists when picture tube is made is, thermal treatment meeting in the picture tube manufacturing processed increases the density of glass part, the consequent, can cause the relativity shift of the phosphor dot on image-baffle hole and the fluorescent screen inside greater than the contraction of 120ppm (1,000,000/).So just aberration may be caused, because the corresponding not correct cause of baffle hole/phosphor dot,, and certain ultimate value must not be surpassed so be increased in should be even as far as possible on the whole panel for the contraction of glass part and the density that causes thus.
In addition, be noted that the picture tube of making is heated to 380 ℃ temperature once more in the process that vacuumizes, this can cause instantaneous thermal stresses and can cause breaking of picture tube.When in order to shorten manufacturing time, and when increasing the steepness of the speed of heat treatment step and continuous temperature curve in the picture tube manufacturing processed, it is especially serious that this problem becomes.Not enough or because thermograde when causing too high instantaneous stress in the breaking tenacity of picture tube, in serious situation, after meeting the requirements of vacuum tightness, but before adding band or in adding the process of band, can cause breaking.
In the picture tube of making that vacuumizes, producing because the maximum value of the tensile stress that vacuum causes near the folding corner region between panel and the band or in the connecting band of window of tube itself.If the tensile stress that vacuum causes is enough big, then under static load, can cause the material damage in the relevant range.So under static(al) or dynamic load, may produce in the zone of maximum tension stress, preferably introduce bearing stress by rights.In addition, because security reason is easy to generate the disruptive zone under travelling load, should need to reduce bearing stress.
Above analysis clearly illustrates that, in order to obtain an anti-to a great extent disruptive picture tube, depends primarily on the stress distribution in the window of tube.Stress distribution in the window of tube is to pressing process and process of cooling subsequently and all decisive role of process that eliminate stress.Glass screen generally forms with a kind of about 1000 ℃ hot frit compacting.In this pressing process, because and the contact cooling of drift and between Vitrea surface and inside, produce very high thermograde.
In the pressing process end, when returning drift, if glass temperature is too high, owing to hot glass core is heated Vitrea solidified surface again, vitreum can lose it by the definite moulding of compacting.On the other hand, if temperature is too low when drift is return, then especially break along producing near fluoroscopic edge and the bight thereof.So according to practical experience, drift should leave pressing mold as early as possible, that is finishes the contact cooling that drift causes as early as possible, and cools off the window of tube blank of still staying in the pressing mold by the forced convection of air.Because produce the temperature difference between fluoroscopic inside in compacting and forced convection process of cooling in pressing mold and the outside surface, so in proceeding the refrigerative process, glass generators tool stress.The temperature difference that produces is high more above glass transition point, and the tensile stress in middle layer is high more, and the bearing stress of both sides, middle layer is also high.
The zone that the maximum value of the tensile stress that static vacuum load produces down and this maximum value produce all is that geometrical dimension and the Thickness Distribution by picture tube decides.According to general practical experience, in the given limit, fluoroscopic geometrical dimension and Thickness Distribution are like this control, and promptly the maximum tension stress that causes of vacuum should be lower than 8MPa (MPa).This can for example thicken the marginarium by known mode by the inside/outside radius-of-curvature that changes panel and realize (heaving effect; Wedge effect; " wedge ").Another kind of possibility is to change material thickness wittingly, preferably has a mind to reduce because the too big rigidity in this zone is introduced the stress part of panel by distortion in the band zone or in transitional region.
If radius-of-curvature is suitable, then this radius-of-curvature can show each axis of screen optical screen.If the radius-of-curvature of fluoroscopic panel strengthens, then in the subregion, need obviously thick panel at least, so that the maximum tension stress that vacuum causes remains on an acceptable numerical value.If but wall thickness near equal even fluoroscopic panels as modern flat faced screen requirement, be flat basically, then the performance of picture tube aspect preventing breaking can degenerate in principle.
The insider knows that the rupture strength of picture tube can improve, and promptly produces the realization that sticks out by the wall thickness of increase panel or by reducing radius-of-curvature when the marginarium wall thickness may increase simultaneously.
If increase wall thickness in order to improve rupture strength with a flat basically fluoroscopic picture tube, then because the increase of picture tube gross weight can cause a series of shortcoming: except the disadvantageous hauling ability of picture tube, increase at the same time under the situation of energy consumption, also can cause slowing down of picture tube manufacture method, this be because window of tube is connected with cone and when vacuumizing needs than heating period of growing and the cause of cooling period.On the other hand, if for the ratio of the wall thickness that increases window of tube fringe region and region intermediate reduces the radius-of-curvature of window of tube internal surface, then because the different glass thickness of luminous glass surface and can produce the luminance loss in the marginarium.
As everyone knows, need not increase fluoroscopic wall thickness, and just can improve the especially rupture strength of flat faced screen of glass picture tube by some assist measures with other mode.
US 5 532 545 has proposed a kind of method, and this method is that one deck plastic layer is set on window of tube.Because wearing and tearing and aging, the machinery and the optical property of this plastic layer and picture tube suffer damage.For fear of these shortcomings, people have also carried out various trials, paste an anti-scratch thin glass plate on flat faced screen.
However, in two kinds of situations, when making picture tube, all need one additional process, thereby increase the total expenses of system.In addition, this compound picture tube also is difficult to recycling.Consider from environment protection, if exhausted plastics or caking agent can cause some problems so that do not remove them from picture tube before utilizing being ground into fragment again.That is when melting, fragment may increase the corrosion in the waste gas of molten-glass pool or the per-cent of toxic ingredient at the fragment of band plastics or caking agent remnants.
So particularly adopted method for distinguishing when flat faced screen, this method is intentionally it to be carried out warm prestress when making window of tube, to improve the rupture strength of glass.
The rupture strength that improves glass by warm prestress is on record for a long time, for example can be published in " Glastechnische Berichte " 57 phases (1984, the 221-228 page or leaf) with reference to Werner Kiefer is entitled as " warm prestress of the glass of low-thermal-expansion (ThermischesVorspannen Von Gl sern) " literary composition.According to this article, solidify and produce prestress when causing that vitreum quenches being equipped with layer by near surface, and stoped when continuing cooling still volumetric shrinkage thus for the inside of plasticity.
But in order to make anti-disruptive picture tube, it is not enough at glass surface one deck compressive stress layer being set simply.Exactly, stress distribution on the whole thickness and the stress distribution in the window of tube are played a decisive role, except the physicals of used glass, also depend on absolute value and the maximum temperature difference between the window of tube outside and the inboard and the time and the position of depending on generation of temperature.
Under normal circumstances, the thickness of the bearing stress layer that reaches by tempering is in principle always greater than 1/10 of window of tube thickness.
When window of tube cooled off, usually not only in its outside but also within it side produced the upper layer of one deck under action of compressive stress respectively, therebetween with the layer of one deck action of pulling stress.Wherein, the size of stress is that band reduces gradually around the court towards fluoroscopic edge.
In window of tube, introduce permanent mechanical stress (prestress) with hot mode two kinds of schemes are arranged in principle.
US 2 991 591 has described a kind of scheme wherein.After frit compacting, the window of tube of such moulding is carried out different coolings, promptly as long as the window of tube temperature inside is higher than glass transition point T
GThe time, just blow with 100 ℃-400 ℃ preheated air intentionally in more fluoroscopic selected zone.When sheet glass and hollow glass manufacturing, it is the way of habitually practising anyway that the different tempering of vitreum each several part are blown with air.
In the operation that eliminates stress together down, make the unrelieved stress of generation be reduced to an acceptable value.This step is performed such: fluoroscopic temperature at first keeps approaching the transition point regular hour, make it even heat penetration (promptly so-called " all thermal treatment "), and eliminate unrelieved stress simultaneously, then, window of tube drops to room temperature to divide the thermograde (thickness and temperature on glass part are decided) between dividing to 10K/ between 3K/.Like this, shown in the figure of US 2 991 591, on two surfaces of window of tube, produce compressive stress layer and one deck the tensile stress layer this two-layer compressive stress layer between of one deck respectively greater than window of tube thickness 1/10.Wherein, the stress in the zone of band bending (zone of transition) is approximately half of stress in window of tube planar central district.
In above-mentioned document, how explanation is not carried out fluoroscopic selectable processing and is reduced contraction when subsequent heat treatment.
US 4 566 893 has described the second kind of possibility that produces permanent mechanical prestress in window of tube.Here relate to when subsequent heat treatment, in window of tube, produce high bearing stress, and window of tube has only low contraction simultaneously.In this known method, compacting and initially be cooled to about 400 ℃ window of tube and reheat in first stage that eliminates stress, and the 470 ℃ ± 10K of equal thermal treatment temp of substantially constant maintenance 30 to 40 minutes, its objective is, make the variable density of window of tube in follow-up heat treatment process and shrink to keep minimum.Behind this heat penetration and holding stage, press general fashion and divide or higher thermograde cool to room temperature with 10K/.
Though do not describe the stress distribution in the window of tube in detail, the window of tube geometrical dimension indirect that provides from above-mentioned document has drawn relevant cooling curve.Can not in welded edge, be created in the very high surface stress that has only low unrelieved stress simultaneously in this way.
US 5 445 285 has described the picture tube that a kind of glass wall carries out warm prestress.The document has provided the relation between the required value of compressive stress in the maximum surperficial tensile stress under the static vacuum load, glass breakage intensity and the anti-teletron glass surface of breaking.The document has developed under the vacuum load from aforementioned US patent 2 991 591 known methods, produces big tensile stress in the subregion on window of tube surface and compensates warm prestress.The stress that strong cooling by panel produces at this place is higher than the stress in the band; Prestressed value in the band than the fluorescent screen should be engaged in advance low to 50%.However, described relation and condition still are not enough to be used for describe the anti-disruptive picture tube under travelling load (hit, the impact) effect.
US 5 536 995 (with publication numbers 36,838 more accordingly) has described a kind of window of tube that the warm prestress of one deck compressive stress layer is respectively arranged on surfaces externally and internally, its thickness is at least 1/10 of panel central section thickness.But this minimum thickness always takes place when window of tube cool off by known mode, when particularly window of tube eliminates stress in proper order or by the cooling of US 2 991 591 in proper order by the standard cooling.So, find in the fine window of tube that eliminates stress of the colour picture tube that the relation that provides also can generally have been used since the end of the seventies, when the window of tube of these colour picture tubes, also as common, the radius-of-curvature of the internal surface of panel is less than the radius-of-curvature of outside surface.In addition, the window of tube that is proposed has the value of compressive stress on the face to be at least 5.9 MPas, even cooperate with the stress distribution and the geometrical dimension of regulation, concerning the anti-picture tube that breaks under travelling load, also is not enough.
US 5 925 977 has described a kind of fluoroscopic picture tube of warm prestress that has, when this window of tube, and the thickest t of panel
FTo with respect to the thickest t in the band zone of transition
RFluoroscopic at least one major axis or minor axis, should satisfy following relationship, that is:
1.0≤t
R/t
P≤1.4
Following formula generally also can satisfy most window of tube geometrical dimensions.
Produce in the window of tube zone of maximum tension stress under the vacuum load, the absolute value of bearing stress should be the scope of 7 to 30 MPas.But high like this bearing stress also causes the high tensile stress in the window of tube interlayer region, and the value of this tensile stress is approximately half of absolute value of bearing stress.Too the consequence of high tensile stress is, produces undesirable uncontrollable state of rupture (" breaking in flakes ") in rupture process, and under this state of rupture, window of tube is broken fully, and fragment is dished out in viewer's direction with high speed.For fear of this fraud, the tensile stress in the middle layer of the picture tube of making should always keep below 10 MPas.
At last, DE 197 58 060 A1 have described the prestressed method of a kind of enforcement.This method blows in the panel marginarium by the preheated air orientation after the window of tube compacting and the demoulding and produces prestress.The shortcoming of this method is, needs additional device, and this device must cooperate and aim at window of tube with processed fluoroscopic geometrical dimension.In addition, in individual cases,, need some not allowed that the zone of blowing warm air shields for fear of breaking.When not carrying out cooling off the maximum tension stress that will produce the middle layer to drop to an acceptable value fully again, then under foregoing collapse state, accessible high prestress will cause many quite little glass fragments.
Also there are the problems referred to above in the method for describing among the US 5 536 995.
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of window of tube of warm prestress of cathode tube is proposed, preferably a kind of like this window of tube, the outside surface of its panel is flat basically, and the whole variation in thickness of panel is minimum, to reduce the luminance difference between region intermediate and the fringe region, and this fluoroscopic manufacture method proposed, even this method can make this window of tube also have the higher anti-performance of breaking than existing window of tube under travelling load, and has very little contraction when subsequent heat treatment simultaneously.
This purpose is achieved in that the prestressed window of tube of cathode tube has definite distribution of bearing stress, and form by a panel that is essentially the right angle, the crooked band of circle is arranged around this panel, this band seals with welded edge, like this, the value of the bearing stress on this panel outside can be lower than 4 MPas, and when subsequent heat treatment, shrinks less than 110ppm.
According to the present invention, this purpose realizes by the fluoroscopic a kind of manufacture method of cathode tube warm prestress on method, this window of tube is made up of a panel that is essentially the right angle, the crooked band of one circle is arranged around this panel, this band seals with welded edge, behind together initial refrigerating work procedure, the screen optical screen that is placed on the travelling belt with welded edge carries out the multistage processing that eliminates stress under cooling immediately, comprises the following steps: with hot-forming this window of tube of fused frit
-under the situation that the heat radiation that regulation is regulated increases, do not push frit by contact cooling with many pressing molds in the panel marginarium, and after drift leaves, make the still fluoroscopic inboard cooling in pressing mold by the cooling of compulsory enhanced convection of air, reach until temperature and be lower than (T
G+ 150K);
-reheat be provided with that steady brace fixes baffle with the hole to the window of tube that is placed down on the travelling belt, make its temperature surpass transition point T
G
-even in required time heat penetration window of tube under this temperature;
-window of tube is cooled fast to the temperature range that is lower than the about 80-120K of this transition point;
-when temperature descended, chilly window of tube of time in accordance with regulations so that when subsequent heat treatment, shrank to drop to and is lower than 110ppm;
-window of tube cool to room temperature.
Can make warm prestress window of tube by these measures of the present invention with definite stress distribution, this window of tube has quite high bearing stress under the little situation of welded edge unrelieved stress, and has the very little change of glass density when subsequent heat treatment.
The inventive method has also reduced when finishing picture tube and make picture tube in the contraction and the distortion in reheat stage.So can drop to minimum to variable density in the window of tube and variable density difference.
In order to be issued to high rupture strength in the travelling load effect, the compressive stress layer in the picture tube of making should as far as possible all evenly distribute symmetrically.In order to improve the security under the destruction situation, the stress on the window of tube internal surface should be equal to or greater than the stress on the window of tube outside.Particularly the zone of those most approaching edges of glass screen and this locate corner regions promptly the transitional region from the panel to the band especially should do like this.
The inventive method only by the optimized pressing mold of heat, is combined in the suitable temperature control in the straight-line cooler internal cooling process, just can produce the stress distribution of regulation in a predefined procedure in window of tube, and not need additional device.So, avoid in the whole time, changing and must meticulously regulate and the situation of gauged device under do not need high precise equipment to prevent error or situation about controlling under, just can realize an inherent stabilization process.
Various embodiments of the present invention and improvement project can be learnt from every dependent claims.
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment more shown in the drawings.
Accompanying drawing is represented:
Three different piece synoptic diagram A-C of hot optimized three kinds of different schemes of the drift of Fig. 1 window of tube compacting usefulness;
Four different piece synoptic diagram A-D of hot optimized four kinds of different schemes of the drift of Fig. 2 window of tube compacting usefulness;
Temperature/time plot of using during the window of tube Temperature Treatment of Fig. 3 thermoforming with a preferred cooling curve;
Fig. 4 makes the block schematic diagram of the master operation of picture tube.
Fig. 1 represents three different piece figure A, B and the C of three kinds of forms of implementation of water or the optimized drift 1 of oil cooled heat, and Fig. 2 also represents three different piece figure A, B, the C of three kinds of forms of implementation of the refrigerative that the window of tube thermoforming uses, hot optimized pressing mold 2.Drift and pressing mold all have certain combination of materials and/or Thickness Distribution, so that realize the hot optimizing of heat radiation in this way when mould contacts with the window of tube of thermoforming.This hot optimizing is to realize like this, drift and pressing mold are designed to make a large amount of heats be cooled to certain value from window of tube in fluoroscopic surface should produce the zone of higher stress, so that make fluoroscopic intermediate glass layer reach the higher temperature difference in this way.
Except suitable combination of materials and Thickness Distribution, the fluoroscopic duration of contact of drift and thermoforming and the residence time in pressing mold thereof also play an important role, so they should correspondingly be finely tuned in phase.
The partial graph A of Fig. 1 and the form of implementation shown in the B represent to reach by different Thickness Distribution the hot optimizing of drift, that is in figure A, are to reach this purpose by the mode that the marginarium at drift is provided with a same feeling groove 3.So the window of tube that in the zone of this groove, is positioned at (cold) drift 1 below is led heat dissipation capacity morely.
When second kind of structure shown in the partial graph B, different Thickness Distribution is by for example realizing with the screw on additional plate 1b that determines of screw in ram bottom 1a installed inside.
Structural shape shown in the partial graph C is by realize the hot optimized of drift 1 with the differing materials of different thermal conductivity.The ram bottom 1a that makes with a kind of standard material is except that its bight, and the inboard is provided with the layer 1c that one deck is made with the material of low heat conductivity, so thermal conductivity and heat radiation are bigger in corner regions.
Measure shown in partial graph A, the B also can be made up, and maybe can carry out additional combinations with the measure shown in the partial graph C respectively.
Fig. 2 represents hot optimized four kinds of different schemes of pressing mold 2 with the corresponding manner of four partial graph A, B, C and D.Here, the combination of corresponding measure also is possible.
Shown in the figure A in the measure, the nook of pressing mold 2 is provided with the cooling tube that a signal draws makes corner regions stronger than the cooling of fluoroscopic intermediate zone.Embodiment shown in the partial graph B then is that the change by the material thickness of corner regions groove 5 forms realizes hot optimizing, and this measure helps the better heat radiation of this corner regions equally.
Fig. 2 C represents an embodiment who is equivalent to Fig. 1 C, the layer 2a that flush with inside bottom at the inboard embedding one deck of mold bottom 2b this moment, and this layer made with the relatively poor material of heat conduction.Fig. 2 D represents optimized another solution of heat, and the layer 2a that makes with the relatively poor material of heat conduction this moment is embedded in the outside of mold bottom 2b.
Hot optimized other scheme of mould still has multiple, waits until the insider and decides as the case may be.
The hot optimizing in corner regions by drift and corresponding pressing mold can and vacuumize the back when picture tube vacuumizes and set up corresponding high bearing stress selectively in the marginarium of the picture tube that produces maximum tension stress, and need not any additional unit.
Fig. 3 and 4 forms with cooling curve and main technique step show the fluoroscopic technical process of the present invention of prestress.Wherein, cooling curve represent window of tube in thermoforming and subsequent cooling process in the lip-deep temperature of window of tube over time.
When manufacturing processed begins, about 1000 ℃ hot frit is injected Fig. 2 have the hot optimized pressing mold of certain combination of materials and Thickness Distribution, and load onto ring.As the glass of the most handy Schott standard 8056 regulations of glass material, this glass generally is used to make window of tube.Then the drift with the certain combination of materials shown in Figure 1 and the refrigerative of Thickness Distribution, hot preferred aspectization is introduced in the pressing mold 2, and the fused frit is pressed into window of tube.Wherein, the contact cooling owing to drift and pressing mold makes fluoroscopic inboard produce different heat radiations with the outside.
After this thermoforming was finished, drift was pulled.For fear of reheating of fluoroscopic surface, and reach dimensionally stable in order before the demoulding, to make its surface continue cooling, the fluoroscopic outside by with the contact cooling of pressing mold and fluoroscopic inboard by what strengthen, compulsory convection of air cools off.This convection current cooling is performed until fluoroscopic surface and reaches and be lower than (T
GTill+150K) the temperature.
In this state, window of tube is except having the required dimensionally stable of the demoulding, also have with the required starting temperature of postheat treatment and distribute, that is in those should reach the zone of high bearing stress subsequently, have the high temperature difference between the fluoroscopic middle layer and the outside.
This represents compacting and refrigerative with the processing step of time correlation usefulness " I " in Fig. 3 and 4.
In next processing step II, window of tube is sold station on so-called being transported to one under the variable situation of free convection and shipping time, so that later on the baffle fastening piece is anchored in the window of tube, and under the air free convection, be variable in the residence time of this station.
After the processing step II of last pin finished, window of tube was that the hole is towards transferring on the travelling belt and sending in the cool furnace with welded edge.
For eliminate unrelieved stress with for the single window of tube of balance because the temperature difference that may cause in different residence time of straight-line cooler outside, in processing step III, at first in less than 5 minutes time, window of tube is reheated just over transition point T
GTemperature, this heating preferably combination of the heating of the convection of air by certain radiation heating and reinforcement realizes, and the inside in fluoroscopic thicker zone should preferentially be heated.The for example also available microwave of the additive method that reheats carries out.
Then, under the situation with above-mentioned heating combination, window of tube is incubated in time IV, so that reach fluoroscopic even heat penetration (" all thermal treatment ").In next procedure V, cool off promptly so-called " quenching " fast.Fast cooling is preferably carried out like this, make recirculated air heating usefulness air temperature apace that is in several minutes, for example drop to approximately (T in 6 minutes
G-100K) ± temperature of 25K, so that the stress decrease in the window of tube that slows down and keep the temperature difference of the minimum 15K between the window of tube outside and the inboard.This temperature difference is controlled in the combination of also available other heating means and method of cooling.
In processing step VI, on continuous straight-line cooler, proceed by cool furnace fluoroscopic chilly so that the glass density variation of the maximum the during what is called " compression " of control subsequent heat treatment.For this reason, window of tube is at (T
G-80K) ± and the temperature of 15K is incubated 60 minutes, so that compression is reduced to a value that is lower than 110ppm, this value is measured according to the temperature/time curve of picture tube manufacturing firm regulation, preferably measures by the length variations of a glass coupon generation.
Window of tube is by common mode cool to room temperature in back to back processing step VII.
The window of tube of making like this is connected (welding, welding) by known mode immediately and the picture tube neck is installed on this cone with the picture tube cone, form complete picture tube by step shown in Figure 4, and picture tube binds with band promptly so-called " sideband " afterwards.
The picture tube of making as stated above also has sufficiently high bearing stress except the contraction that has appropriateness when the subsequent heat treatment, this bearing stress in fluoroscopic inboard greater than in its outside.The stressor layers that draws has homogeneous thickness basically, thereby has avoided the tensile stress zone on the fluorescent screen inside near the nook from panel to the band transition.If because pure cooling or unsuitablely blow warm air and when in window of tube, producing high bearing stress, this tensile stress zone usually can occur.This tensile stress zone be after the anti-disruptive interfering factors of picture tube.
In addition, can avoid in fluoroscopic measure, the distortion that causes profile variation in the requirement of cooling stages by thermal treatment of the present invention.
Surprisingly, when making picture tube, except owing to the moving of the stress distribution that vacuum-load and band cause, do not observe the substantial change of stress from the teeth outwards.
Claims (12)
1. the warm prestress window of tube of cathode tube, having definite bearing stress distributes, and be essentially the orthogonal panel by one and form, the curved band of one circle with the welded edge sealing arranged around it, it is characterized by, the value of the bearing stress on the panel outside is lower than the scope of 4 MPas, and the contraction when subsequent heat treatment is lower than 110ppm.
2. by the window of tube of claim 1, it is characterized by, the value of the bearing stress (S) on this fluoroscopic panel outside is in the scope that is lower than 4 MPas, and this bearing stress particularly meets such relation: 0.9S in corner regions
In≤ S
Outward≤ 1.5S
In
3. by claim 1 or 2 window of tube, it is characterized by, the value of the bearing stress on its panel outside is in the scope that is lower than 4 MPas, and the stress measured of the integral body of welded edge be lower than 8 MPas/centimetre.
4. by each window of tube of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized by, the value of the bearing stress on its panel outside is in the scope that is lower than 4 MPas, and the inner maximum tension stress to band of zone of transition is less than 12 MPas.
5. by the window of tube of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized by, the value of the bearing stress on its panel outside is in the scope that is lower than 4 MPas, and the membrane stress of measuring in the panel mostly is 25% of maximum bearing stress most, but is no more than 2 MPas.
6. the fluoroscopic manufacture method of cathode tube warm prestress, wherein this window of tube by one be essentially square, have a circle to constitute on every side with the panel of the curved band of welded edge sealing, with the hot-forming window of tube of fused frit behind together initial refrigerating work procedure, the window of tube that welded edge is placed on the travelling belt carries out the multistage processing that eliminates stress under cooling immediately, comprises the following steps:
-under the situation that the heat radiation that regulation is regulated increases, push frit by contact cooling with many pressing molds in the panel marginarium, and after drift leaves, make the still fluoroscopic inboard cooling in pressing mold by the cooling of compulsory enhanced convection of air, reach until temperature and be lower than (T
G+ 150K);
-reheat be provided with that steady brace fixes baffle with the hole to the window of tube that is placed down on the travelling belt, make its temperature surpass transition point T
G
-even in required time heat penetration window of tube under this temperature;
-window of tube is cooled fast to the temperature range that is lower than the about 80-120K of this transition point;
-when temperature descended, chilly window of tube of time in accordance with regulations so that when subsequent heat treatment, shrank to drop to and is lower than 110ppm;
-window of tube cool to room temperature.
7. by the method for claim 6, it is characterized by, reheat window of tube by being combined in five minutes of radiation heating and convective heating.
8. by the method for claim 6 or 7, it is characterized by, reheat in fluoroscopic inside and carry out, the screen assembly of relatively thick is preferentially heated.
9. by each method of claim 6 to 8, it is characterized by, realized even heat penetration in 15 minutes best 10 minutes by blowing window of tube with 200 ℃ to 400 ℃ warm air.
10. by each method of claim 6 to 9, it is characterized by, the temperature by quick reduction convection current air realizes quick cooling.
11. by each method of claim 6 to 10, it is characterized by, in 35 to 60 minutes time, carry out chilly.
12. cathode tube has one and forms by each manufacturing of claim 6 to 11, and have a cone that is tightly connected by each described fluoroscopic cathode tube of claim 1 to 5, the neck of welding negative ray system on this cone.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2001102824 DE10102824B9 (en) | 2001-01-23 | 2001-01-23 | Thermally toughened cathode ray tube screen and method of making the same |
| DE10102824.5 | 2001-01-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1498195A true CN1498195A (en) | 2004-05-19 |
| CN1250466C CN1250466C (en) | 2006-04-12 |
Family
ID=7671415
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02806770 Expired - Fee Related CN1250466C (en) | 2001-01-23 | 2002-01-23 | Thermally prestressed screen for cathode ray tubes and method for producing said screen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1353881A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1250466C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE10102824B9 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002060829A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112673467A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2021-04-16 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Method for manufacturing lid member for package and method for manufacturing package |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1452494A1 (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-01 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Bottom mold for molding a glass panel for a cathode ray tube and method for producing a glass panel for a cathode ray tube |
| DE10312984B3 (en) * | 2003-03-24 | 2004-05-27 | Schott Glas | Production of thermally pre-stressed glass screens for cathode ray tubes comprises pressing raw screens made from molten glass gob and thermally treating in a relaxation process in a cooling strip path |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB846467A (en) * | 1956-10-05 | 1960-08-31 | Nat Res Dev | Method of and apparatus for prestressing glass articles |
| US4566893A (en) * | 1984-10-03 | 1986-01-28 | Rca Corporation | Method for fabricating a glass CRT panel |
| JP2671766B2 (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1997-10-29 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Glass bulb for cathode ray tube |
| US5536995A (en) * | 1993-11-16 | 1996-07-16 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Glass bulb for a cathode ray and a method of producing the same |
| JP3215765B2 (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 2001-10-09 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Picture tube manufacturing method |
| JP3520695B2 (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 2004-04-19 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Glass bulb for cathode ray tube |
| JP3671568B2 (en) * | 1996-12-26 | 2005-07-13 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Method for producing cathode ray tube panel glass |
-
2001
- 2001-01-23 DE DE2001102824 patent/DE10102824B9/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-01-23 WO PCT/EP2002/000622 patent/WO2002060829A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-01-23 CN CN 02806770 patent/CN1250466C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-01-23 EP EP02706726A patent/EP1353881A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112673467A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2021-04-16 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Method for manufacturing lid member for package and method for manufacturing package |
| CN112673467B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2022-01-28 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Method for manufacturing lid member for package and method for manufacturing package |
| US11264534B2 (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2022-03-01 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Method for manufacturing package lid member and method for manufacturing package |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10102824A1 (en) | 2002-08-01 |
| EP1353881A1 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
| WO2002060829A1 (en) | 2002-08-08 |
| CN1250466C (en) | 2006-04-12 |
| DE10102824B4 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
| DE10102824B9 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
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