CN1487276A - Balance plate and its digital correction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to dynamic balance mechanism in mechanical rotary rotor and its correction method. The balance plate includes main plate with annular slot, subsidiary plate connected to the main plate, and balance blocks installed inside the slot. Each of the plates has scales and each balance block has scale line on its surface. The digital correction method includes installing the balance plate, inputting initial data, measuring unbalance amount and phase angle, calculating and displaying data for the balance blocks to be shifted, shifting and fixing the balance blocks and observing correction effect. The present invention has short correction time, high precision and being simple and practical.

Description

Balancing frame and less digit correction method

Technical field:

The present invention relates to balanced controls and bearing calibration on the mechanical rotor.

Technical background:

For the work quality that guarantees high-speed rotating machine and the security of equipment, must carry out transient equilibrium to it.Some computer spot dynamic balance instrument products have been arranged in the market, can in very short time, measure the size and Orientation of rotary part amount of unbalance.But after finishing this step, below the user also need to make this rotary part to return to predetermined fine balance state, this operation is called " correction ".It is several that the way of proofreading and correct has " weighting procedure ", " going heavy method ", " computer self-poise instrument method " etc. at present.Notice for class high-speed rotary parts such as grinder wheel, leather slicer rotors, because process medium plain emery wheel or rotor constantly are worn, promptly destroying original equilibrium state at any time, therefore dynamic balancing measurement and correction operation need often carry out, how to shorten correction time? become one of the key that to promote the field balancing technology.Obviously, it generally is very time taking adopting " weighting procedure " or " going heavy method "; And the instrument of more perfect being called as of a kind of function " computer self-poise instrument ", " automatically dynamic balance system " at random and so on is arranged, and this instrument is contained on the balanced high speed rotor, by computer control, can be embodied in line and measure and proofread and correct and carry out simultaneously.But the expensive of this instrument, and all must load onto a cover on every equipment, instrument can not be shared mutually, this will inevitably increase the acquisition cost of instrument greatly, therefore except that the important grinding machine of indivedual special precisions using, be difficult to large-scale popularization.At present on various grinding machines and shaving machine, for the amount of unbalance of emery wheel or rotor is proofreaied and correct, also used a kind of structure that can be called as " balancing frame ", this dish is loaded on the rectifying plane that is balanced rotor, its design feature is: have one to enclose trapezoidal annular groove with axis of rotation is coaxial, leave extended breach in the somewhere of annular groove, therefore from this indentation, there packed in the groove several blooms---" counterbalance weight " in the past, by the screw in " counterbalance weight " centre, each " counterbalance weight " can be fixed on the optional position in the groove.No matter after knowing the size and Orientation of rotor unbalance value, then go to attempt moving trapezoidal annular groove interior " counterbalance weight ", or put or therefrom take out several counterbalance weights into by the breach of annular groove by people's experience with static equilibrium mode or dynamic balancing measurement.This bearing calibration fully by rule of thumb not only is difficult to reach the correction accuracy of expection, but also often needs repeatedly duplicate measurements---and proofread and correct this process, thereby can waste many times.

Summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of balancing frame and less digit correction method, make the computational analysis of measuring integrated with proofreading and correct; Be implemented under the prerequisite of inexpensive practicality, significantly improve correction accuracy and shorten correction time.

In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is:

Balancing frame comprises the master body, with the coaxial attached disk body of fixedlying connected of master body; On the axis of master body and attached disk body through hole is arranged; At the opposite position of master body and attached disk body the cross section being arranged is trapezoidal ring groove, be equipped with identical in quality in this groove and can with its movable counterbalance weight that cooperate; The regulating part that can fix its position in groove is housed on each counterbalance weight; 0-360 ° even scale is arranged on the annular surface of the balancing frame adjacent with ring groove; Have one to point to 0-360 ° scale mark on the surface of each counterbalance weight.

Less digit correction method carries out according to the following steps:

(1), on the rectifying plane of rotary part, balancing frame is installed;

(2), with the program of figure adjustment method input computing machine, and debug;

(3), input raw data: GP, RP, GB, RB, α ₁, α ₂,

Wherein: GP---mass of balance block,

RP---counterbalance weight center of gravity is from the distance at axle center,

The quality of GB---calibrating block,

RB---calibrating block center of gravity is from the distance at axle center,

α ₁---proofread and correct the last residing angle of counterbalance weight,

α ₂---the residing angle of another piece counterbalance weight before proofreading and correct;

(4), machine, the rotary part high-speed rotation is measured the big or small U of rotary part amount of unbalance with dynamic balance instrument ₀With phasing degree θ ₀

(5), with U ₀, θ ₀The input computing machine calculates and demonstrates the angle [alpha] of the reposition that two counterbalance weights will move to ₁ ^*, α ₂ ^*

Wherein:

${\mathrm{\α}}_1^{*}={\mathrm{\β}}_1+{\mathrm{\β}}_2$

${\mathrm{\α}}_2^{*}={\mathrm{\β}}_1-{\mathrm{\β}}_2$

β ₁=tg ^-1(y/x) annotate: if x＜0, then the value of β 1 should add 180 °

${\mathrm{\β}}_2=\±{\cos }^{-1}\left(0.5\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\right)$

x＝cosα ₁+cosα ₂-U ₀R _Bcosθ ₀/G _PR _P

y＝sinα ₁+sinα ₂-U ₀R _Bsinθ ₀/G _PR _P

Wherein: β ₁, β ₂, x, y be intermediate variable;

(6) stop operating, adjust the regulating part on each counterbalance weight, counterbalance weight is moved to α respectively ₁ ^*, α ₂ ^*The position of angle, and it is fixed;

(7), from newly starting the machine, observe the result who proofreaies and correct from the display screen of dynamic balance instrument.

Prior art of the present invention is compared, and has following technique effect:

The present invention is suitable for often need carrying out a big class plant equipment of dynamic balancing measurement and correction operation most, and the correct operation as after the test of high speed rotor dynamic balancings such as grinder wheel, leather slicer rotor requires and the supporting use of computer spot dynamic balance instrument.Adopt major advantage of the present invention to be:

1. compare with " weighting procedure " with traditional " going heavy method ", the time of correction is wanted much shorter, makes things convenient for manyly.After measuring unbalanced size and angle direction, only need the indication that press computer, move to 2 additional counterbalance weights on the reposition and fix, once the time of Jiao Zhenging generally can be above 1～2 minute.No matter and " going heavy method " or the quality that " weighting procedure " added or removed all need to use the balance delicate metering, the angle position also requires accurately, almost invariably to pass through multiple test and correct operation, just can reach satisfied correction accuracy, thereby make the time of preparing and proofreading and correct drag very longly.Here will illustrate: " auxiliary weighting procedure " of the present invention also is different from common " weighting procedure ".Because of the former counterweight does not need accurate measurement, angle also needn't be accurate, and the effect that obtains fine adjustment is by follow-up operation---according to the calculating of computer, move two counterbalance weights from α ₁, α ₂To α ₁ ^*, α ₂ ^*Realize.Even thereby illustrated in above-mentioned balanced capacity in particular cases inadequately, use the present invention, also can realize the correction of being scheduled to quickly and accurately.

2. the precision height of Jiao Zhenging.Owing to be to calculate by computer numeral, be zero requirement according to making amount of unbalance in theory, the reposition that comes the quantitative Analysis counterbalance weight to move to, thus obtain very high correction accuracy easily.

3. compare with " computer self-poise instrument " this quasi-instrument, much economical and practical, suit large area to popularize.For example, for the workshop that many grinding machines or leather slicer are arranged, only need a dynamic balance instrument, join a balancing frame on every grinding machine, just can large tracts of land solve several fast precise balance test and correction work, therefore accept for enterprise easily to tens of equipment.And the price of every " computer self-poise instrument " is about 8,000 to 50,000 yuan and does not wait, and must be equipped with one on a machine tool, is difficult to large tracts of land and promotes.

The present invention has made several samples, and with the supporting use of type spot dynamic balance instrument, the on probation of experiment situation and user proves that all the present invention has obtained the good result of expection.

An example of proofreading and correct is as follows:

Each parameter of uniting of setting up departments is: calibrating block quality GB=9.4g, calibrating block decentering distance R B=40mm, counterbalance weight quality Gp=13.2g, counterbalance weight decentering distance R p=60mm, grinding wheel radius 65mm.When single plane balancing, the amount of unbalance before proofreading and correct is U ₀=386gmm, the angle of two counterbalance weights is respectively α ₁=0 °, α ₂=240 °; Amount of unbalance after the correction is U _c=20gmm, the angle of two counterbalance weights is respectively

With

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the front view of first kind of structure of balancing frame;

Fig. 2 is the A-A cut-open view among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the front view of second kind of structure of balancing frame;

Fig. 4 is the B-B cut-open view among Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the computer software process flow diagram of less digit correction method.

In Fig. 1 to Fig. 4:

1---master body 2---attached disk body 3---counterbalance weight

4---screw 5---screw 6---scales

7---groove 8---screw

Embodiment:

A kind of balancing frame of structure: the profile of master body is cylindrical, and the truncated cone-shaped open pore of big end in the bottom arranged in the master body, and cylindrical boss is arranged around the through hole on its axis; The profile of attached disk body is a truncated cone-shaped, and this truncated cone-shaped is positioned at the truncated cone-shaped open pore of master body, and the cylindrical boss in the opening circular hole on it and the master body cooperates, and the small end end face of attached disk body is with relative at the bottom of the truncated cone-shaped hole of master body; It is trapezoidal ring groove that the inside surface of the truncated cone-shaped open pore of master body and the truncated cone-shaped outside surface of attached disk body constitute radial section, and two counterbalance weights are arranged in the groove; 0-360 ° of scale arranged on the surface of attached disk body.

The balancing frame of another kind of structure: profile main, attached disk body is the identical right cylinder of radius; On the master body right lateral surface cylindrical boss is arranged, the round tube hole on the axis of attached disk body cooperates with the cylindrical boss of master body, and the left surface of its attached disk body is contacted with the right flank of master body, and by screw will lead, attached card is fixedly connected; Lead, radial section is arranged is the ring groove of isosceles trapezoid for the outside surface contact position of attached card, and two counterbalance weights are arranged in the groove; On the cylinder of the master body adjacent, 0-360 ° scale is arranged with this ring groove; Square cylindrical groove is arranged on the right flank of attached disk body.

In above-mentioned two kinds of structures: the assembly parts of master body 1 and attached disk body 2 connect with screw 4, and the two forms one and encloses trapezoidal ring groove, puts into 2 " counterbalance weights " 3 in the groove in advance, and each mass of balance block is that Gp (gram) is identical.Come loose screw 5 in the middle of the counterbalance weight, then this counterbalance weight can be free to slide in groove; Tighten screw 5, counterbalance weight then is fixed on the precalculated position in the groove.The radius of counterbalance weight center of gravity is Rp.Be carved with the scale 6 of 0～360 degree on the disk body circumference, counterbalance weight 3 middle parts have the scale on a groove 7 and the disk body to face, and therefore the position of two counterbalance weights 3 is with α ₁, α ₂Angle is represented, can read from the angle index of disk body.The radius R of " calibrating block " is installed at balancing frame master body in addition _BOn, since 0 °, the circle screw 8 that evenly distributes, totally 12 (or 18) are as the usefulness that counterweight is installed.(annotate: when utilizing any spot dynamic balance instrument both domestic and external to measure rotor unbalance, all " calibrating block " of known quality must be installed in certain known radius R of rectifying plane _BEnterprising rower is fixed, R _BValue can be decided in its sole discretion by the deviser when the design balance dish, is a known quantity.)

In less digit correction method, when the amount of unbalance that exists when rotor is very big, new emery wheel or new rotor for example are installed, are only depended on the adjustment of two counterbalance weights in " balancing frame " this time, to be not enough to rotor is realized fully effectively proofreading and correct, this situation is called " balanced capacity of counterbalance weight is not enough ".The algorithm (referring to Fig. 5) that " figure adjustment method " provides can directly be made the not enough prompting of balanced capacity, takes appropriate measures to remind the operator.In order to solve the not enough problem of balanced capacity, also comprise an additional measure in " figure adjustment method ", be called " auxiliary weighting procedure " for ease of narration.

When the amount of unbalance that exists when rotor is very big, except the step identical, also comprise following different step with less digit correction method:

(1), with U ₀, θ ₀Behind the input computing machine, work as x ²+ y ²≤ 4 o'clock, computing machine calculated and demonstrates the prompting of " equilibrant is not enough " automatically;

(2), the parts that stop the rotation, radius is R on balancing frame _BCircumference on θ ₀Install counterweight additional near+180 ° the screw, to offset most amount of unbalance;

(3), from new startup rotary part, read the big or small θ of rotary part amount of unbalance from the display screen of dynamic balance instrument ₀With phasing degree θ ₀

(4), with U ₀, θ ₀The input computing machine, COMPUTER CALCULATION also demonstrates the angle [alpha] that two counterbalance weights need move to reposition ₁ ^*, α ₂ ^*Digital value;

If satisfied inadequately, also can repeat above-mentioned relevant step, through arriving till the satisfaction to calibration result.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of balancing frame is characterized in that this balancing frame comprises the master body, with the coaxial attached disk body of fixedlying connected of master body; On the axis of master body and attached disk body through hole is arranged; At the opposite position of master body and attached disk body the cross section being arranged is trapezoidal ring groove, be equipped with identical in quality in this groove and can with its movable counterbalance weight that cooperate; The regulating part that can fix its position in groove is housed on each counterbalance weight; 0-360 ° even scale is arranged on the annular surface of the balancing frame adjacent with ring groove; Have one to point to 0-360 ° scale mark on the surface of each counterbalance weight.

2,, it is characterized in that the screw that adds counterweight is arranged on the balancing frame according to the described balancing frame of claims.

3, according to the described balancing frame of claims, the profile that it is characterized in that the master body is cylindrical, and the truncated cone-shaped open pore of big end in the bottom arranged in the master body, and cylindrical boss is arranged around the through hole on its axis; The profile of attached disk body is a truncated cone-shaped, and this truncated cone-shaped is positioned at the truncated cone-shaped open pore of master body, and the cylindrical boss in the opening circular hole on it and the master body cooperates, and the small end end face of attached disk body is with relative at the bottom of the truncated cone-shaped hole of master body; It is trapezoidal ring groove that the inside surface of the truncated cone-shaped open pore of master body and the truncated cone-shaped outside surface of attached disk body constitute radial section, and two counterbalance weights are arranged in the groove; 0-360 ° of scale arranged on the surface of attached disk body.

4,, it is characterized in that profile main, attached disk body is the identical right cylinder of radius according to the described balancing frame of claims; On the master body right lateral surface cylindrical boss is arranged, the round tube hole on the axis of attached disk body cooperates with the cylindrical boss of master body, and the left surface of its attached disk body is contacted with the right flank of master body, and by screw will lead, attached card is fixedly connected; Lead, radial section is arranged is the ring groove of isosceles trapezoid for the outside surface contact position of attached card, and two counterbalance weights are arranged in the groove; On the cylinder of the master body adjacent, 0-360 ° scale is arranged with this ring groove; Square cylindrical groove is arranged on the right flank of attached disk body.

5, a kind of less digit correction method is characterized in that this method carries out according to the following steps:

(1), on the rectifying plane of rotary part, balancing frame is installed;

(2), with the program of figure adjustment method input computing machine, and debug;

(3), input raw data: GP, RP, GB, RB, α ₁, α ₂,

Wherein: GP---mass of balance block,

RP---counterbalance weight center of gravity is from the distance at axle center,

The quality of GB---calibrating block,

RB---calibrating block center of gravity is from the distance at axle center,

α ₁---proofread and correct the last residing angle of counterbalance weight,

α ₂---the residing angle of another piece counterbalance weight before proofreading and correct;

(4), machine, the rotary part high-speed rotation is measured the big or small U0 and the phasing degree θ of rotary part amount of unbalance with dynamic balance instrument ₀

(5), with U ₀, θ ₀The input computing machine calculates and demonstrates the angle [alpha] of the reposition that two counterbalance weights will move to ₁ ^*, α ₂ ^*

Wherein:

${\mathrm{\α}}_1^{*}={\mathrm{\β}}_1+{\mathrm{\β}}_2$

${\mathrm{\α}}_2^{*}={\mathrm{\β}}_1-{\mathrm{\β}}_2$

β ₁＝tg ^-1(y/x)

${\mathrm{\β}}_2=\±{\cos }^{-1}\left(0.5\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\right)$

x＝cosα ₁+cosα ₂-U ₀R _Bcosθ ₀/G _PR _P

y＝sinα ₁+sinα ₂-U ₀R _Bsinθ ₀/G _PR _P

Wherein: β ₁, β ₂, x, y be intermediate variable;

(6) stop operating, adjust the regulating part on each counterbalance weight, counterbalance weight is moved to α respectively ₁ ^*, α ₂ ^*The position of angle, and it is fixed;

(7), from newly starting the machine, observe the result who proofreaies and correct from the display screen of dynamic balance instrument.

6, less digit correction method according to claim 5 is characterized in that:

(1), with U ₀, θ ₀Behind the input computing machine, work as x ²+ y ²≤ 4 o'clock, computing machine calculated and demonstrates the prompting of " equilibrant is not enough " automatically;

(2), the parts that stop the rotation, radius is R on balancing frame _BCircumference on θ ₀Install counterweight additional near+180 ° the screw, to offset most amount of unbalance;

(3), from new startup rotary part, read the big or small θ of rotary part amount of unbalance from the display screen of dynamic balance instrument ₀With phasing degree θ ₀

(4), with U ₀, θ ₀The input computing machine, COMPUTER CALCULATION also demonstrates the angle [alpha] that two counterbalance weights need move to reposition ₁ ^*, α ₂ ^*Digital value.

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