CN1485602A - Method and apparatus for measuring chimney heat exchanger air leakage ratio - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for measuring chimney heat exchanger air leakage ratio Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for measuring the ventilation leakage ratio of chimney flue heat interchanger, wherein more than two zirconium oxide sensing device gauge pin are used for the sampling measuring to the flue gas oxygen content at the outlet and entrance of the heat exchanger alternatively, the measured outlet flue gas oxygen content value is compared with the entrance flue gas oxygen content value and accumulated, and an average value is calculated using the average value as the outlet flue gas oxygen content and the entrance flue gas oxygen content value, based on them for calculating the ventilation leakage ratio of chimney flue heat interchanger. The invention also discloses the apparatus for realizing the method.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to fields of measurement, specifically is a kind of method and apparatus of measuring chimney heat exchanger air leakage ratio.
Background technology
At Industrial Boiler exit flue afterbody, often use heat interchanger that combustion air is heated, thereby make full use of the heat in the boiler smoke, reach the reduction exhaust gas temperature, improve the purpose of boiler efficiency.
According to heat transfer type, heat interchanger is divided into heat transfer type and heat accumulating type two big classes, and in the heat transfer type heat interchanger, heat is passed to air (endothermic gas) by heat-transfer area by flue gas (exothermal gas) continuously, and flue gas and air respectively have the passage of oneself.In heat regenerator, flue gas and air replace passes through metal heated of heat interchanger, when flue gas flows through heating surface, heat is passed to the heating surface metal by flue gas, and put aside by metal, when the heating surface metal forwarded air duct to then, the heating surface metal was just passed to air with the heat of savings, relied on and so continuously circulated air heat.The above boiler of 300MW uses the swinging regenerative heat exchanger usually.
The subject matter of rotary type heat exchanger be leak out more serious.Leak out and comprise that rotor carries axial, ring-like, the cold junction that leak out and cause because of differential pressure action and radially radially leaks out with the hot junction.
Because rotary type heat exchanger is a kind of rotary machine, between the sound parts, leave certain clearance always, so that the rotatable parts motion.The air of heat interchanger of flowing through is a malleation, and burning back discharged flue gas is a negative pressure, and air can be under this differential pressure action leaks in the flue by the gap and goes.The rotary type heat exchanger of operational excellence, its air leak rate of air curtain is generally below 8%, and the poor sealing person can reach 20%～30%.
Leak out boiler economic operation is had a significant impact.It will make the power consumption of pressure fan and induced draft fan strengthen, and increase heat loss due to exhaust gas, and boiler thermal output is reduced.Excessive if leak out, also can make the deficiency in draught of sending into burner hearth, cause exerting oneself and decrease in efficiency of boiler, and may cause the burner hearth slagging scorification.In order to weigh the degree of heat exchanger air leakage, use air leak rate of air curtain and air leakage coefficient in the GB as estimating standards of measurement.So-called air leak rate of air curtain is meant the air quality of the heat interchanger fume side of bleeding and enters the ratio of the flue gas quality of this flue.So, measure the air leak rate of air curtain of heat interchanger exactly, just become the major issue of supervision boiler economic operation.
The method of measuring air leak rate of air curtain generally is to reach by the component content of measuring in heat exchanger exit, the inlet flue gas.Because oxygen content is 20.6% in the air, oxygen content general 4%～6% in the flue gas that boiler emission goes out.If primary heater outlet oxygen content of smoke gas is higher than the inlet flue gas oxygen content, illustrating then that air preheater exists leaks out.
Measuring air leak rate of air curtain normally adopts two cover oxygen analyzers to carry out.The measuring head of two cover oxygen analyzers places heat exchanger exit, inlet respectively, carries out oxygen content of smoke gas simultaneously and detects.Oxygen analyzer generally is made up of measuring head, leak out instrument controller, heating power supply etc.Measuring head is the difference in oxygen concentration between battery that relies on zirconia solid electrolyte to form, and promptly the zirconia oxygen measurement battery is measured the oxygen amount.Zirconia solid electrolyte energy conduct oxygen ions, and at two an interpolars formation electromotive force relevant with difference in oxygen concentration between.Because its internal resistance difference of zirconia oxygen measurement battery that is equipped with in the measuring head, so its error of different measuring heads is all different, accuracy class was 2%～3% when it dispatched from the factory.But,, make the air leak rate of air curtain of being surveyed lose reference value when serious so true oxygen content value has occurred than mistake in institute's oxygen determination content value and the flue gas because of two sensor errors differences cause because all there is error in every oxygen analyzer.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of method and apparatus that reduces to measure the air leak rate of air curtain error, thereby overcomes the shortcoming that exists in the above-mentioned prior art.
The objective of the invention is to reach like this: a kind of method of measuring chimney heat exchanger air leakage ratio, it may further comprise the steps:
(1) by the air intake valve on the instrument controller switching corresponding pipeline of leaking out that has microprocessor, the flue gas of two thief hatchs of guiding enters two measuring heads respectively, the electric signal that the instrument controller that leaks out is changed out according to measuring head is transformed into the oxygen content of smoke gas of corresponding outlet or inlet;
(2) handover measurement pipeline air intake valve, the flue gas of two thief hatchs of guiding arrives two measuring heads by another group pipeline, realizes intersecting and measures, and the instrument controller that leaks out becomes the electrical signal conversion of measuring head the oxygen content value of corresponding inlet or outlet again;
(3) a plurality of inlet flue gas oxygen content values that will measure gained by the instrument controller that leaks out add up and calculate mean value after the summation, will export and calculate mean value after the oxygen content of smoke gas value is also sued for peace;
(4) the instrument controller that leaks out is a foundation with inlet flue gas oxygen content mean value and outlet oxygen content of smoke gas mean value, calculates the air leak rate of air curtain of chimney heat exchanger.
Be used to realize the equipment of said method, comprise measuring head, leak out instrument controller, heating power supply etc., the flue gas of heat exchanger exit end, inlet end is delivered to the zirconia sensor measuring head respectively by measuring pipeline; Have the opening and closing of the instrument controller control survey pipeline upper inlet valve door group of leaking out of microprocessor with inside, can alternately measure the oxygen content of smoke gas of outlet, inlet in order to control each measuring head.Have the electric signal that the instrument controller that leaks out of microprocessor is changed out according to measuring head, be transformed into the oxygen content of smoke gas of corresponding outlet or inlet; The a plurality of inlet flue gas oxygen content values that to measure gained by the instrument controller that leaks out add up and calculate mean value after the summation, will export and calculate mean value after the oxygen content of smoke gas value is also sued for peace, and on this basis, calculate the air leak rate of air curtain of chimney heat exchanger.
Provide thermal source by the instrument controller control heating power supply that leaks out, on the measurement pipeline, flowmeter is set and is used to control tested flue gas flow, emptying valve and aspiration pump are set, measure pipeline in order to cleaning under non-measurement state.
The principle of measuring method of the present invention is such, owing to all include identical systematic error in the reading, when being depended on the difference of twice reading by evaluation, then this systematic error deducts from the metering result automatically.
Adopt this measuring method and equipment thereof, can reduce the measuring error that caused because of the sensor accuracy error, improved the accuracy of measuring air leak rate of air curtain greatly.
Description of drawings
Elaborate below in conjunction with one embodiment of the present invention and accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing 1 is for measuring the pipeline synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 2 is a kind of example structure synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 3 is a kind of embodiment instrument controller architecture synoptic diagram that leaks out.
Wherein: M-measures pipeline, E-flue gas, R-air, E1, E2-thief hatch, A1, B1, A2, B2-air intake valve, O1, O2-measuring head, the F-instrument controller that leaks out, D-aspiration pump, C1, C2-emptying valve, L1, L2-flowmeter, the K-working power, P1, P2-heating power supply, F1-CPU (central processing unit), the F2-data display screen, F3-self-calibration A/D change-over circuit, F4-data recording chip, F5-measures pilot relay, the F6-alarm relay, the F7-heating controller, F8-RS485 communication interface, F9-real-time clock, the F10-Switching Power Supply, the OUT-input signal.
Specific embodiments
Embodiment:
A kind of equipment (as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3) that is used to measure chimney heat exchanger air leakage ratio comprises and measures pipeline (M), air intake valve (A1, B1, A2, B2), measuring head (O1, O2), the instrument controller (F) that leaks out, aspiration pump (D), emptying valve (C1, C2) etc.Measuring pipeline (M) front end has two thief hatchs (E1, E2), is connected with the outlet flue gas with the heat exchanger entrance flue gas respectively.Measuring two output terminals of pipeline is connected with measuring head (O1, O2), measure the pipeline branch road and be provided with air intake valve (A1, B1, A2, B2), can carry out valve according to the order of the instrument controller (F) that leaks out switches, with pass through and block of control flue gas, be provided with aspiration pump (D) and flowmeter (L1, L2) in measurement pipeline rear end.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
Follow these steps to during measurement carry out:
(1) by the instrument controller (F) that leaks out, open air intake valve A1, A2, valve-off B1, B2, open aspiration pump D, the chimney heat exchanger inlet flue gas that guiding thief hatch E1 is connect arrives measuring head O1, and the outlet flue gas that thief hatch E2 is connect arrives measuring head O2, the electric signal that the instrument controller (F) that leaks out is changed out according to measuring head O2, be transformed into corresponding outlet oxygen content of smoke gas value, become inlet flue gas oxygen content value according to the converting electrical signal of measuring head O1;
(2) open air intake valve B1, B2, valve-off A1, A2 open aspiration pump D, and the inlet flue gas of guiding thief hatch E1 arrives measuring head O2, and the outlet flue gas of guiding thief hatch E2 arrives measuring head O1, realizes intersecting and measures.Leak out instrument controller (F) according to measuring head O1 electrical signal converted, be transformed into corresponding outlet oxygen content of smoke gas value, become inlet flue gas oxygen content value according to measuring head O2 converting electrical signal;
(3) 6 the inlet flue gas oxygen content values that obtain after instrument controller (F) is measured measuring head O1, O2 of leaking out add up, and calculate mean value; 6 outlet oxygen content of smoke gas values that equally measuring head O1, O2 recorded add up, and calculate mean value;
(4) leak out instrument controller (F) according to inlet flue gas oxygen content mean value and outlet oxygen content of smoke gas mean value, calculate the air leak rate of air curtain of chimney heat exchanger.
In the present embodiment, measuring head (O1, O2) is selected zirconia sensor for use, because it needs 700 ± 50 ℃ working temperature, so provide thermal source by instrument controller (F) the control heating power supply (P1, P2) that leaks out.K type thermopair is used in temperature survey, the cold junction compensation element is PN junction compensation, thus the instrument controller (F) that leaks out will gather two zirconia sensors temperature data (1～31mV) and oxygen electromotive force data (6～136mV) also have the far-end thermopair to compensate PN junction temperature data (0.1～0.8V).Establish flowmeter (L1, L2) and emptying valve (C1, C2) measuring on the pipeline, when non-measurement state, open emptying valve (C1, C2) and extraction valve (D), utilize the negative pressure of air preheater to clean measuring channel.The optional solenoid valve of using of air intake valve and emptying valve.
To transform range be-6～136mV to the inner A/D of instrument controller (F) owing to leak out, and changes so enter A/D after will decaying to 1/6 by divider resistance for input signal.Figure 3 shows that the main annexation of each parts in the instrument controller (F) that leaks out, it acts on and selects for use: CPU (central processing unit) (F1) can be selected microprocessor for use, data display screen (F2) can be selected LCDs for use, self-calibration A/D change-over circuit (F3) function is that analog signal conversion is become digital signal, data recording chip (F4) is selected the high capacity storaging chip for use, measure pilot relay (F5) and under the measurement state, be used to control pump valve group (A1, B1, A2, B2, D) unlatching is with closed, alarm relay (F6) warning that is used to overflow, heating controller (F7) is used for measuring head (O1, O2) thermostatic control, RS485 communication interface (F8) is used for the communication with computing machine, real-time clock (F9) is used for timing, and Switching Power Supply (F10) provides operating voltage for behind rectifying and voltage-stabilizing each parts civil power.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of method of measuring chimney heat exchanger air leakage ratio, adopt the outlet of sensor head heat exchanging device, the oxygen content of smoke gas of inlet carries out sampled measurements, it is characterized in that alternately heat exchanger exit of the zirconia sensor measuring head of (1) employing more than two, the oxygen content of smoke gas of inlet carries out sampled measurements, (2) the microprocessor outlet oxygen content of smoke gas value and the inlet flue gas oxygen content value that will at every turn record accumulated, calculate mean value, with above-mentioned mean value as outlet oxygen content of smoke gas value and inlet flue gas oxygen content value, and on this basis, calculate the air leak rate of air curtain of chimney heat exchanger.
2, a kind of device that is used to realize the described method of claim 1, comprise measuring head, instrument controller, heating power supply etc. leak out, it is characterized in that two thief hatchs of measurement pipeline are connected with heat exchanger exit end, inlet end respectively, measure two output terminals of pipeline and be connected with two measuring heads respectively; Opening and closing with microprocessor control survey pipeline upper inlet valve door.
3, a kind of device according to claim 2 is characterized in that on the measurement pipeline flowmeter, emptying valve and aspiration pump being set, with the opening and closing of microprocessor control emptying valve and aspiration pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02131045 CN1265182C (en) | 2002-09-26 | 2002-09-26 | Method and apparatus for measuring chimney heat exchanger air leakage ratio |
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| CN 02131045 CN1265182C (en) | 2002-09-26 | 2002-09-26 | Method and apparatus for measuring chimney heat exchanger air leakage ratio |
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| CN1485602A true CN1485602A (en) | 2004-03-31 |
| CN1265182C CN1265182C (en) | 2006-07-19 |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102213708A (en) * | 2011-04-09 | 2011-10-12 | 山东电力研究院 | Method for testing air leak rate of air preheater |
| CN103439468A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2013-12-11 | 天津理工大学 | Method for indirectly monitoring oxygen content in industrial furnace group |
| CN104880282A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-02 | 江苏嘉德宏益环保节能科技有限公司 | Flue energy transducer protection device |
| CN105181257A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-12-23 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Oxygen-rich combustion air leak monitoring method and system |
| CN105181256A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-12-23 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Oxygen-rich combustion air leak monitoring method and system |
| CN105388258A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-09 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Gas pipeline wind leakage apparatus and oxygen-rich combustion system |
| CN107782501A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | A kind of heat pipe-type faults of preheater diagnostic method |
| CN110285931A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-27 | 广州珠江电力有限公司 | A kind of detection method of heat-engine plant desulfurizer flue gas heat-exchange unit air leak rate of air curtain |
| CN111059588A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-24 | 宁波方太厨具有限公司 | Central flue system and sealing state detection method thereof |
| CN111795872A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-20 | 安阳工学院 | Air tightness monitoring device and method for monitoring waste gas sampling process |
| CN112857700A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 河南中电投华新电力工程有限公司 | Detection system and method for air leakage rate of flue gas heat exchanger of desulfurization device of thermal power plant |
-
2002
- 2002-09-26 CN CN 02131045 patent/CN1265182C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102213708A (en) * | 2011-04-09 | 2011-10-12 | 山东电力研究院 | Method for testing air leak rate of air preheater |
| CN102213708B (en) * | 2011-04-09 | 2014-03-12 | 山东电力研究院 | Method for testing air leak rate of air preheater |
| CN103439468A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2013-12-11 | 天津理工大学 | Method for indirectly monitoring oxygen content in industrial furnace group |
| CN103439468B (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-08-26 | 天津理工大学 | A kind of industrial furnace group oxygen content indirect monitoring method |
| CN104880282A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-02 | 江苏嘉德宏益环保节能科技有限公司 | Flue energy transducer protection device |
| CN105181256A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-12-23 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Oxygen-rich combustion air leak monitoring method and system |
| CN105181257A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-12-23 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Oxygen-rich combustion air leak monitoring method and system |
| CN105388258A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-09 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Gas pipeline wind leakage apparatus and oxygen-rich combustion system |
| CN107782501A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | A kind of heat pipe-type faults of preheater diagnostic method |
| CN111059588A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-24 | 宁波方太厨具有限公司 | Central flue system and sealing state detection method thereof |
| CN111059588B (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2021-10-01 | 宁波方太厨具有限公司 | Central flue system and sealing state detection method thereof |
| CN110285931A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-27 | 广州珠江电力有限公司 | A kind of detection method of heat-engine plant desulfurizer flue gas heat-exchange unit air leak rate of air curtain |
| CN111795872A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-20 | 安阳工学院 | Air tightness monitoring device and method for monitoring waste gas sampling process |
| CN112857700A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 河南中电投华新电力工程有限公司 | Detection system and method for air leakage rate of flue gas heat exchanger of desulfurization device of thermal power plant |
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| CN1265182C (en) | 2006-07-19 |
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