CN1485588A - Dual-purpose multiple operating mode self-defrosting type heat pump air-conditioner and automatic defrosting process thereof - Google Patents
Dual-purpose multiple operating mode self-defrosting type heat pump air-conditioner and automatic defrosting process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1485588A CN1485588A CNA031432328A CN03143232A CN1485588A CN 1485588 A CN1485588 A CN 1485588A CN A031432328 A CNA031432328 A CN A031432328A CN 03143232 A CN03143232 A CN 03143232A CN 1485588 A CN1485588 A CN 1485588A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dual-purpose multiple operating mode self-defrosting type thermal pumping air-conditioning unit which comprises a compressor, a four-way switching valve set, a second heat exchanger, a liquid return cushioning device and a first heat exchanger having a draught fan, wherein a residual heat tracer pipe, a temperature monitoring apparatus and a humidity supervisory instrument are arranged on the first heat exchanger, a pipe line switching device, a controlled throttle apparatus a temperature and moisture detecting device, a four-way switching valve set, a draught fan, and the electrically controlled portion of the controlled throttle device are arranged in the refrigerant pipe connection between the first and the second heat exchanger. The invention also discloses the automatic defrosting method for the thermal pumping air-conditioning unit which can substantially improve the heat-production performance of the heat pump air-conditioning unit and realize automatic defrosting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of heating and refrigeration association system, relate in particular to a kind of compression type heat pump air conditioning device.
Background technology
Now be widely used in the various large-scale central air conditioning plant of northern China office office building, hotel and residential quarters central cooling, heat, finish its refrigerating function by large and medium-sized compression-type refrigeration unit usually; Because of existing large and medium-sized compression-type refrigeration unit can't heat (flow direction of its cold-producing medium is difficult to any control), above-mentioned in the winter time large-size air conditioning device can only be finished the heat-production functions of its air-conditioning system by external heat source (adopting the Steam Heating mode usually), cause the utilization rate of refrigeration plant low, user's operating cost height.
Inventor's application, in the Chinese patent ZL 02213198.1 of bulletin on January 8th, 2003, a kind of " double-effective dual temp central air conditioning plant " disclosed.Comprise compressor, first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger, wherein the cold-producing medium of compressor is confessed pipe and is connected through the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube of cold-producing medium reversal valve group with first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger, its refrigerant reflux tube connects with the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube of first and second heat exchangers through buffer, cold-producing medium reversal valve group, is communicated with the two-way two control throttling expansion devices of serial connection between the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube of first and second heat exchangers.This patent adopts the switching of cold-producing medium reversal valve group and two-way two control throttling expansion devices, realized large and medium-sized refrigeration unit refrigeration, heat the function of two effects, two temperature scope.But, it still exists a deficiency, promptly when the northern area of China is used winter, first heat exchanger (outdoor heat exchanger) frosting easily, icing, influence the heat exchange efficiency of whole device, when being lower than-5 ℃ in outdoor temperature, the output temperature of its second heat exchanger does not reach the temperature requirement of relevant heating regulation and stipulation.
A kind of " heat pipe hot pump cooling and heating air conditioner " disclosed among the Chinese patent ZL 00248597.4 that announce August 22 calendar year 2001, it is characterized in that between compressor and indoor heat exchanger, being provided with the heat pipe collector of auxiliary heating, carry out post bake by the refrigerant vapour that compressor is discharged, increase " enthalpy " value of its molecule, reach the purpose that improves the heat that indoor heat exchanger can discharge.This patent is in fact still for being the method for indoor increase heat by electrical heating, and needing additionally provides the energy for air-conditioning system, and the electrical heating expense is higher, can not solve the defrosting problem of outdoor heat exchanger.
In on January 6th, the 1999 disclosed Chinese patent application 97123401.9, a kind of " defroster of air-conditioner and method thereof " disclosed, when heating operation, by comparing outdoor heat exchange actuator temperature, outdoor temperature and compressor operating time, judge whether frosting of off-premises station, if the temperature of outdoor heat exchanger and outdoor temperature relatively are lower than predetermined temperature within the predetermined time, and the operation of compressor surpasses the scheduled time, then begins Defrost operation; If the temperature of outdoor heat exchanger surpasses predetermined temperature, and Defrost operation then stopped Defrost operation, and enters heating operation above the scheduled time.But its whole actual air-conditioner of Defrost operation stage is to be operated under the cooling condition, influence the output temperature of indoor heat exchanger, and can't judge in time by the measurement of temperature whether the frosting on the outdoor heat exchanger thoroughly is eliminated merely, for large and medium-sized air-conditioning, also can't remove the frosting on the outdoor heat exchanger fast and freeze.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides and a kind ofly need not adopt Electric heating, can make large and medium-sized heat-pump type air-conditioner under lower temperature environment condition, normally heat heating, have automatic defrosting deicing function, and defrost, remove fast, effective economic benefits and social benefits multi-state self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioner and the automatic defrosting method thereof of speed of icing.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of economic benefits and social benefits multi-state self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioner is provided, comprise the compressor that connects successively through refrigerant line, the four-port conversion value group, second heat exchanger, return liquid buffer unit and first heat exchanger that has blower fan, wherein the cold-producing medium of compressor is confessed pipe and is connected through the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube of four-port conversion value group with first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger, its refrigerant reflux tube connects with the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube of first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger through returning liquid buffer unit and four-port conversion value group, it is characterized in that being provided with on first heat exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe; On the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube of first heat exchanger, device for monitoring temperature and humidity detector are set; In the cold-producing medium connecting tube between first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger, the controlled restriction that the pipeline switching device shifter is set and connects with it; Wherein, an end of first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube connects with an end of four-port conversion value group respectively; The other end of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube, switching device shifter and controlled restriction connect with the other end of the second heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube by the road; The two ends of the first heat exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe connect with the pipeline switching device shifter; The automatically controlled part of device for monitoring temperature and humidity detector and four-port conversion value group, blower fan, pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction is electrically connected.
Wherein said pipeline switching device shifter comprises control valve F11～F16, constitutes the r end of pipeline switching device shifter after the end parallel connection of control valve F11 and F14, connects with the other end of the second heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube; Constitute the o end of pipeline switching device shifter after the end parallel connection of the other end of control valve F11 and F12, connect with an end of controlled restriction; Constitute the m end of pipeline switching device shifter after the end parallel connection of the other end of control valve F12 and F15, connect with an end of the first heat exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe; Constitute the l end of pipeline switching device shifter after the end parallel connection of control valve F13 and F16, connect with the other end of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube; Constitute the n end of pipeline switching device shifter after the other end parallel connection of control valve F13 and F15, connect with the other end of controlled restriction; Constitute the k end of pipeline switching device shifter after the other end parallel connection of control valve F14 and F16, connect with the other end of the first heat exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe.
Above-mentioned controlled restriction can adopt the version of being made up of unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J1, the DJ2 of two groups of differential concatenations, two control valve f3, f4 and liquid collecting jar, connected with a control valve f1 or f2 by an one-way throttle expansion valve j1 or j2 and constitute in each unidirectional controlled throttling unit, wherein, the liquid collecting jar is provided with a drain pipe and two air inlet pipe, the end openings of drain pipe is positioned at the bottom of liquid collecting jar, the end openings of air inlet pipe is positioned at the top of liquid collecting jar, and the bottom of liquid collecting jar is provided with fuel outlet valve; Constitute the q end of controlled restriction after the end parallel connection of unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J1 and control valve f3, connect with the o end of pipeline switching device shifter; Constitute the p end of controlled restriction after the end parallel connection of unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J2 and control valve f4, connect with the n end of pipeline switching device shifter; Connect with the drain pipe of liquid collecting jar after the other end parallel connection of unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J1 and DJ2; The other end of control valve f3 and f4 respectively with the corresponding connection of two air inlet pipe of liquid collecting jar.
The version that above-mentioned controlled restriction also can adopt unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J3 and the DJ4 by two groups of reverse parallel connections to form, connected with a control valve f5 or f6 by an one-way throttle expansion valve j3 or j4 and constitute in each unidirectional controlled throttling unit, wherein, with the q end that constitutes controlled restriction, connect after the end parallel connection of the end of control valve f5 and one-way throttle expansion valve j4 with the o end of pipeline switching device shifter; With the p end that constitutes controlled restriction, connect after the other end parallel connection of the end of control valve f6 and one-way throttle expansion valve j3 with the n end of pipeline switching device shifter.
Above-mentioned first heat exchanger with blower fan be speed-changing draught fan, when aircondition was operated in defrosting operating condition, blower motor turned round being higher than under 1000 rev/mins the rotating speed.
The present invention also provides a kind of automatic defrosting method of economic benefits and social benefits multi-state self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioner, may further comprise the steps:
(1) when aircondition runs on heating condition, detects the temperature that is positioned at the first outdoor heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube;
(2) when aircondition runs on heating condition, detect the humidity of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube outside;
(3) after the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube temperature of first heat exchanger or humidity reach defrosting action setting value, aircondition enters the temperature difference compensation defrosting operating condition, switching by pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction, make the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube that enters first heat exchanger through the cold-producing medium behind second heat exchanger after through the waste heat heat tracing pipe of first heat exchanger and controlled restriction, carry out Defrost operation;
(4) after the heat exchanger tube temperature of first heat exchanger or humidity reach defrosting end setup value,, recover conventional heating condition by the switching of pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction.
The present invention also provides a kind of automatic defrosting method of economic benefits and social benefits multi-state self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioner, may further comprise the steps:
(1) when aircondition runs on heating condition, detects the temperature that is positioned at the first outdoor heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube;
(2) when aircondition runs on heating condition, detect the humidity of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube outside;
(3) after the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube temperature and humidity of first heat exchanger reaches defrosting action setting value, aircondition enters the backflow defrosting operating condition, switching by pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction, make the waste heat heat tracing pipe and the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube that directly enter first heat exchanger through the cold-producing medium behind second heat exchanger, carry out Defrost operation;
(4) after the temperature and humidity of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube reaches defrosting end setup value,, recover conventional heating condition by the switching of pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction.
When the backflow defrosting operating condition begins, the incidental blower fan of first heat exchanger can be under the control of its control circuit, enter the high-speed cruising state, its blower motor turns round being higher than under 1000 rev/mins the rotating speed, by the high velocity air that speed-changing draught fan produces, remove fast attached to the frost on the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube; When the Defrost operation operating mode finished, blower fan recovered conventional rotating speed control mode running.
The present invention also provides the automatic defrosting method of another kind of economic benefits and social benefits multi-state self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioner, may further comprise the steps:
(1) when aircondition runs on heating condition, detects the temperature that is positioned at the first outdoor heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube;
(2) when aircondition runs on heating condition, detect the humidity of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube outside;
(3) after the temperature and humidity of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube reaches defrosting action setting value, aircondition enters the quickly defrosting operating mode that recoils, switching by four-port conversion value group, pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant that compressor is confessed directly enters the waste heat heat tracing pipe and the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube of first heat exchanger, carries out automatic defrosting deicing operation;
(4) after the heat exchanger tube temperature and humidity of first heat exchanger reaches defrosting end setup value,, recover conventional heating condition by the switching of four-port conversion value group, pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction.
When the quickly defrosting operating condition that recoils begins, the incidental blower fan of first heat exchanger is under the control of its control circuit, enter the high-speed cruising state, its blower motor turns round being higher than under 1000 rev/mins the rotating speed, by the high velocity air that speed-changing draught fan produces, remove fast attached to frost, ice on the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube; When the Defrost operation operating mode finished, blower fan recovered conventional rotating speed control mode running.
Compared with the prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
1. utilize the high temperature refrigerant of refrigerant-cycle systems to carry out defrost, solved the problem that the heat pump air conditioner winter heating can only depend on auxiliary electrical heating and electricity-heated defrosting;
2. do not need to shut down and auxiliary electric heater unit, can realize automatic quickly defrosting and deicing function, timely and effective, convenient automatically;
3. adopt first heat exchanger (being outdoor heat exchanger) of two-tube parallel construction, also can improve the heating effect of heat pump air conditioner, energy-efficient;
4. need not to change the overall structure and the main configuration of existing air-conditioning system, only increase a few components, can obviously improve existing various large and medium-sized heat pump air conditioners and under lower temperature condition, heat the heating performance, energy savings, good in economic efficiency;
5. setting and the switching by four-port conversion value group, pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction, make that existing large and medium-sized heat-pump type air-conditioner can be realized freezing, heats, temperature difference compensation, backflow defrosts and various working such as the quickly defrosting that recoils, a tractor serves several purposes, one-machine-multi-function, operation, convenient management, project organization is simple, fully saves user's one-time investment and day-to-day operation, maintenance cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus structure of the present invention and pipeline connection diagram;
Fig. 2 is that the automatically controlled part of the present invention is electrically connected block diagram;
Fig. 3 is formation and the pipeline connection diagram of pipeline switching device shifter embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is formation and the pipeline connection diagram of a controlled restriction embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is formation and the pipeline connection diagram of another controlled restriction of the present invention embodiment;
Fig. 6 is that the equivalent structure and the pipeline of one embodiment of the invention connects schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is that the equivalent structure and the pipeline of another embodiment of the present invention connects schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is that the equivalent structure and the pipeline of further embodiment of this invention connects schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further elaborated.
Among Fig. 1, the cold-producing medium of compressor 1 is confessed pipe a and is connected through the cold-producing medium heat exchanging pipe of four-port conversion value group 3 with first heat exchanger 6 and second heat exchanger 4, and its refrigerant reflux tube b connects with the cold-producing medium heat exchanging pipe of first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger through returning liquid buffer unit 2 and four-port conversion value group; The controlled restriction 9 that pipeline switching device shifter 5 is set on the cold-producing medium connecting pipeline between first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger and connects with it.
Wherein first heat exchanger is the double hose heat exchanger, and wherein one is cold-producing medium heat exchanging pipe 7, and another root is that waste heat heat tracing pipe 8, two pipes are set up in parallel.
The h end of first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube and t end are held corresponding connection with the e end and the d of four-port conversion value group respectively; The g end of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube, the controlled restriction of the l of switching device shifter end, r end and connection with it connects with the s end of the second heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube by the road; The two ends j of the first heat exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe and i hold corresponding connection with the k and the m of pipeline switching device shifter respectively.
The u end of second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube and v end connect with user's pipe network (air conditioner water or air-conditioning wind).
First heat exchanger has speed-changing draught fan 12, and when aircondition was operated in defrosting operating condition, the motor of blower fan turned round being higher than under 1000 rev/mins the rotating speed.
Among Fig. 2, device for monitoring temperature and humidity detector respectively with corresponding being electrically connected of valve controling circuit of draught fan control circuit and four-port conversion value group, pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction, draught fan control circuit is connected with blower motor, the corresponding connection of control circuit of each valve controling circuit and each control valve.
Among Fig. 3, the pipeline switching device shifter comprises control valve F11～F16, constitutes the r end of pipeline switching device shifter after the end parallel connection of control valve F11 and F14, connects with the other end s of the second heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanging pipe; Constitute the o end of pipeline switching device shifter after the end parallel connection of the other end of control valve F11 and F12, connect with an end q of controlled restriction; Constitute the m end of pipeline switching device shifter after the end parallel connection of the other end of control valve F12 and F15, connect with an end i of the first heat exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe; Constitute the l end of pipeline switching device shifter after the end parallel connection of control valve F13 and F16, connect with the other end g of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube; Constitute the n end of pipeline switching device shifter after the other end parallel connection of control valve F13 and F15, connect with the other end p of controlled restriction; Constitute the k end of pipeline switching device shifter after the other end parallel connection of control valve F14 and F16, connect with the other end j of the first heat exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe.
Among Fig. 4, controlled restriction adopts the version of being made up of unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J1, the DJ2 of two groups of differential concatenations, two control valve f3, f4 and liquid collecting jar 10, and each unidirectional controlled throttling unit is by an one-way throttle expansion valve j1 (or j2) formation of connecting with a control valve f1 (or f2).
Wherein, the liquid collecting jar is provided with a drain pipe and two air inlet pipe, the end openings of drain pipe is positioned at the bottom of liquid collecting jar, the end openings of air inlet pipe is positioned at the top of liquid collecting jar, the bottom of liquid collecting jar is provided with fuel outlet valve, utilize the different of cold-producing medium and lubricating oil proportion, separate and discharge the lubricating oil of sneaking in the cold-producing medium, improve the heat exchange efficiency of cold-producing medium.
Constitute the q end of controlled restriction after the end parallel connection of unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J1 and control valve f3, connect with the o end of pipeline switching device shifter; Constitute the p end of controlled restriction after the end parallel connection of unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J2 and control valve f4, connect with the n end of pipeline switching device shifter; Connect with the drain pipe of liquid collecting jar after the other end parallel connection of unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J1 and DJ2; The other end of control valve f3 and f4 connects with two air inlet pipe of liquid collecting jar respectively.
Control valve is used for regulating the refrigerant flow through the one-way throttle expansion valve; When one group of unidirectional controlled throttling cell operation, another control valve of organizing in the unidirectional controlled throttling unit is in closed condition, thereby reaches the function of two-way two controls.
The purpose that the liquid collecting jar is set is that the cold-producing medium that will come out from second heat exchanger carries out gas, liquid separates, prevent the feed flow inequality, the evaporimeter operating mode is caused instability, when whole device works in the backflow defrosting operating condition, to open simultaneously for control valve f3 and f4, provide path for cold-producing medium directly enters first heat exchanger.
Among Fig. 5, the version that controlled restriction also can adopt unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J3 and the DJ4 by two groups of reverse parallel connections to form, connected with a control valve f5 or f6 by an one-way throttle expansion valve j3 or j4 and constitute in each unidirectional controlled throttling unit, wherein, with the q end that constitutes controlled restriction, connect after the end parallel connection of the end of control valve f5 and one-way throttle expansion valve j4 with the o end of pipeline switching device shifter; With the p end that constitutes controlled restriction, connect after the other end parallel connection of the end of control valve f6 and one-way throttle expansion valve j3 with the n end of pipeline switching device shifter.
The difference of the requirement of minimum permission outdoor temperature during to the operation of whole device according to the user can be selected a kind of in Fig. 4 and two kinds of controlled restriction shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 1:
Adopt that system shown in Figure 1 constitutes, electric-control system shown in Figure 2, pipeline switching device shifter shown in Figure 3 and controlled restriction shown in Figure 5.
(1) normal cooling condition:
When heat pump air conditioner works in normal cooling condition, first heat exchanger serves as condenser, second heat exchanger serves as evaporimeter, control valve F1 and F4 in the four-port conversion value group open, control valve F11, F15 and F16 in the pipeline switching device shifter open, control valve f6 in the controlled restriction opens, and all the other control valves are closed.
Cold-producing medium is confessed the j end → First Heat Exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe 8 of the g end → control valve F16 of the h end → First Heat Exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube 7 of pipe a end → control valve F4 → First Heat Exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube 7 → First Heat Exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe 8 by the cold-producing medium of compressor 1 the q end → control valve F11 → s of the second heat exchanger 4 cold-producing medium heat exchanger tubes of p end → control valve f6 → one-way throttle expansion valve j4 → controlled restriction 9 of i end → control valve F15 → controlled restriction 9 holds the refrigerant reflux tube b of the t end → control valve F1 of the → the second heat exchanger 4 cold-producing medium heat exchanger tubes → time liquid buffer unit 2 → compressor 1 to hold.
In above-mentioned flow process, compressor is sent into first heat exchanger with gaseous refrigerant through the four-port conversion value group, under the air-flow effect that blower fan produced, carry out exchange heat with outdoor air, pass through the controlled restriction throttling expansion again, cold-producing medium cooling condensation becomes liquid state, liquid cold-producing medium absorbs air conditioner waters or the contained heats of air-conditioning wind after entering second heat exchanger in a large number, explosive evaporation promptly becomes gaseous state, the cold-producing medium of gaseous state enters compressor by the four-port conversion value group and through returning after the liquid buffer unit carries out gas-liquid separation once more, finishes a kind of refrigeration cycle.
In this process, cold-producing medium in second heat exchanger constantly absorbs air conditioner water or the contained heat of air-conditioning wind in a large number, by first heat exchanger heat is dispersed in the heat exchange with outside medium (is outdoor air for the air cooled compressor group) again, takes heat out of outdoor purpose thereby reach.
In this operating mode, the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube of first heat exchanger and the series connection of waste heat heat tracing pipe become one, and to increase the heat exchanger tube surface area of condenser, improve its heat exchange effect, improve its heat exchanger effectiveness.
(2) normal heating condition:
When heat pump air conditioner works in normal heating condition, first heat exchanger serves as evaporimeter, second heat exchanger serves as condenser, control valve F2 and F3 in the four-port conversion value group open, control valve F11 and F13 in the pipeline switching device shifter open, control valve f5 in the controlled restriction opens, and all the other control valves are closed.
Cold-producing medium is confessed t end the → the second heat exchanger 4 cold-producing medium heat exchanger tubes of pipe a end → control valve F2 → the second heat exchanger 4 cold-producing medium heat exchanger tubes by the cold-producing medium of compressor 1 the refrigerant reflux tube b of h end → control valve F3 → time liquid buffer unit 2 → compressor 1 of g end → First Heat Exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube 7 of p end → control valve F13 → First Heat Exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube 7 of q end → control valve f5 → one-way throttle expansion valve j3 → controlled restriction 9 of s end → control valve F11 → controlled restriction 9 holds.
In above-mentioned flow process, high pressure, high temperature refrigerant gas after the compressed machine compression enters second heat exchanger by the four-port conversion value group, emit heat and be cooled to highly pressurised liquid to air conditioner water or air-conditioning wind, switching device shifter enters controlled restriction and carries out throttling expansion and become low pressure liquid by the road, liquid refrigerant enters the refrigerant pipe evaporation of first heat exchanger, absorb the heat in the heat exchange with outside medium (is the air of outdoor environment temperature for the air cooled compressor group) in the evaporation process, flash to low-pressure steam, low pressure refrigerant vapor enters compressor by four-port conversion value group and time liquid buffer unit again and is compressed into gases at high pressure, proceeds next circulation.
In this process, the cold-producing medium in first heat exchanger constantly absorbs extraneous heat, by second heat exchanger heat is transmitted in air conditioner water or the air-conditioning wind again, by air conditioner water or air-conditioning wind heat is delivered to indoor, thereby reach the purpose of indoor intensification.
In this operating mode, there is not the cold-producing medium that flows in the waste heat heat tracing pipe of first heat exchanger.
(3) temperature difference compensation defrost operating mode:
When heat pump air conditioner works in temperature difference compensation defrost operating mode, first heat exchanger serves as evaporimeter, second heat exchanger serves as condenser, control valve F2 and F3 in the four-port conversion value group open, control valve F12, F13 and F14 in the pipeline switching device shifter open, control valve f5 in the controlled restriction opens, and all the other control valves are closed, and its equivalent structure and pipeline connecting relation are as shown in Figure 6.
Cold-producing medium is confessed the j end → First Heat Exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe 8 of the s end → control valve F14 of t end the → the second heat exchanger 4 cold-producing medium heat exchanger tubes of pipe a end → control valve F2 → the second heat exchanger 4 cold-producing medium heat exchanger tubes → First Heat Exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe 8 by the cold-producing medium of compressor 1 the refrigerant reflux tube b of h end → control valve F3 → time liquid buffer unit 2 → compressor 1 of g end → First Heat Exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube 7 of p end → control valve F13 → First Heat Exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube 7 of q end → control valve f5 → one-way throttle expansion valve j3 → controlled restriction of i end → control valve F12 → controlled restriction holds.
When using common large and medium-sized heat pump type air conditioning apparatus in the winter time, if ambient temperature is too low, the temperature difference is very little between the outdoor environment temperature and first heat exchanger (the being evaporimeter during the heating operation operating mode) tube wall, cold-producing medium from extraneous basic absorption less than heat, then the heat of going into to indoor " pump " as heat pump also seldom, heating effect difference or do not have heating effect substantially.So the outdoor minimum environment for use temperature of normal conventional heat pump type air conditioning apparatus must not be lower than-5 ℃.
Cross low and when needing heat supply, control valve F12, F13 and F14 in the pipeline switching device shifter open, and open waste heat compensation path automatically at outdoor environment temperature.The compressed machine compression of high pressure, high temperature refrigerant gas this moment back enters second heat exchanger (indoor) by the four-port conversion value group, gives off heat and is cooled to highly pressurised liquid.Because indoor temperature is higher, still has higher temperature (for outdoor low temperature) through the cold-producing medium behind second heat exchanger, refrigerant liquid with higher temperature at first enters the waste heat heat tracing pipe 8 of first heat exchanger (outdoor) 6 through control valve F12, metal fin by first heat exchanger conducts to the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube 7 that is located in first heat exchanger with wherein contained waste heat, and after controlled restriction 9 carry out throttling expansion and become low pressure liquid, enter cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube 7 again and flash to low-pressure steam, the heat that absorbs airborne heat in the evaporation process and discharged by the next waste heat heat tracing pipe of metal fin conduction.Low pressure refrigerant vapor enters compressor again by the four-port conversion value group and is compressed into gases at high pressure.
When aircondition runs on heating condition, detection is positioned at the temperature and humidity of the first outdoor heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube, after the detected value of temperature or humidity reaches defrosting action setting value, aircondition enters the temperature difference compensation defrosting operating condition, switching by pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction, make the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube that enters first heat exchanger through the cold-producing medium behind second heat exchanger after through the waste heat heat tracing pipe of first heat exchanger and controlled restriction, carry out temperature difference compensation and Defrost operation; After the heat exchanger tube temperature of first heat exchanger or humidity reach defrosting end setup value,, recover conventional heating condition by the switching of pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction.
Because the refrigerant liquid with higher temperature at first passes through the waste heat heat tracing pipe 8 of outdoor heat exchanger 6, and waste heat heat tracing pipe 8 is set up in parallel with cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube 7, there is heat transmission/exchange heat process between the two, so adopt this flow process operating mode can effectively improve the output temperature and the frosting of dissolving first heat exchanger of second heat exchanger.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt that system shown in Figure 1 constitutes, electric-control system shown in Figure 2, pipeline switching device shifter shown in Figure 3 and controlled restriction shown in Figure 4.
(1) backflow defrosting operating condition:
When heat pump air conditioner works in the backflow defrosting operating condition, first heat exchanger serves as evaporimeter, second heat exchanger serves as condenser, control valve F2 and F3 in the four-port conversion value group open, control valve F11, F15 and F16 in the pipeline switching device shifter open, control valve f3 and f4 in the controlled restriction open, and all the other control valves are closed, and its equivalent structure and pipeline connecting relation are as shown in Figure 7.
Cold-producing medium is confessed t end the → the second heat exchanger 4 cold-producing medium heat exchanger tubes of pipe a end → control valve F2 → the second heat exchanger 4 cold-producing medium heat exchanger tubes by the cold-producing medium of compressor 1 the refrigerant reflux tube b of h end → control valve F3 → time liquid buffer unit 2 → compressor 1 of g end → First Heat Exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube 7 of j end → control valve F16 → First Heat Exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube 7 of i end → First Heat Exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe 8 of p end → control valve F15 → First Heat Exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe 8 of q end → control valve f3 → liquid collecting tank 10 → control valve f4 → controlled restriction of s end → control valve F11 → controlled restriction holds.
In above-mentioned flow process, through still having the cold-producing medium of higher temperature behind second heat exchanger without throttling, path by control valve f3, liquid collecting jar 10 and control valve f4, directly enter the waste heat heat tracing pipe 8 and the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube 7 of first heat exchanger, return compressor by four-port conversion value group and time liquid buffer unit then.
The purpose that the liquid collecting jar is set is that the cold-producing medium that will come out from second heat exchanger carries out gas, liquid separates, and prevents from because of liquid hammer compressor to be caused damage.
When aircondition runs on heating condition, detection is positioned at the temperature and humidity of the first outdoor heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube, after the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube temperature and humidity detected value of first heat exchanger reaches defrosting action setting value, aircondition enters the backflow defrosting operating condition, switching by pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction, make the waste heat heat tracing pipe and the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube that directly enter first heat exchanger through the cold-producing medium behind second heat exchanger, Defrost operation refluxes; After the temperature and humidity of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube reaches defrosting end setup value,, recover conventional heating condition by the switching of pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction.
When the backflow defrosting operating condition began, the incidental blower fan 12 of first heat exchanger can enter the high-speed cruising state under the control of its control circuit, and its blower motor turns round being higher than under 1000 rev/mins the rotating speed.By the high velocity air (comparing with wind speed) that speed-changing draught fan produces, remove fast attached to the frost on the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube with the air quantity of conventional blower fan; Simultaneously, utilize and quicken the heat exchange amount that airflow flowing increases air, utilize the fricative heat of high velocity air and heat exchange manifold and heat exchanger fin, the more heat and the energy are provided.
When the Defrost operation operating mode finished, blower fan recovered conventional rotating speed control mode running.
Adopt this operating mode flow scheme, can be rapidly, melt, remove the frosting on first heat exchange manifold effectively.
Present embodiment normally freezes, the valve opening and closing logical relation of heating condition is identical with embodiment 1 with the pipeline connecting relation, no longer repeats at this.
Embodiment 3:
Adopt system's formation shown in Figure 1, electric-control system shown in Figure 2, pipeline switching device shifter and Fig. 4 or controlled restriction shown in Figure 5 shown in Figure 3.
(1) recoil fast except that the case operating mode:
When heat pump air conditioner works in when recoiling the quickly defrosting operating mode, control valve F1 and F4 in the four-port conversion value group open, control valve F11, F15 and F16 in the pipeline switching device shifter open, control valve f3, f4 in the controlled restriction (controlled restriction adopts the version of Fig. 5) or f6 (controlled restriction adopts the version of Fig. 4) open, all the other control valves are closed, and its equivalent structure and pipeline connecting relation are as shown in Figure 8.
Cold-producing medium is confessed the refrigerant reflux tube b end of the pipe a end → control valve F4 → first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube, the 7 → control valve F16 → first heat exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe, 8 → control valve F15 → controlled restriction, 9 → control valve F11 → second heat exchanger, 4 cold-producing mediums heat exchanger tube → control valve F1 → time liquid buffer unit 2 → compressor 1 by the cold-producing medium of compressor 1.
When aircondition runs on heating condition, detection is positioned at the temperature and humidity of the first outdoor heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube, after the temperature and humidity detected value reaches defrosting action setting value, aircondition enters the quickly defrosting operating mode that recoils, switching by four-port conversion value group, pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant that compressor is confessed directly enters the waste heat heat tracing pipe and the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube of first heat exchanger, make cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube and waste heat heat tracing pipe heat up rapidly, the frost of its surface attachment or ice rapid explosion, thawing.Simultaneously, the incidental blower fan of first heat exchanger is under the control of its control circuit, enter the high-speed cruising state, its blower motor turns round being higher than under 1000 rev/mins the rotating speed, by the high velocity air that speed-changing draught fan produces, remove fast attached to frost, ice on the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube.
After the heat exchanger tube temperature and humidity of first heat exchanger reaches defrosting end setup value,, recover conventional heating condition by the switching of four-port conversion value group, pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction; Simultaneously, blower fan recovers conventional rotating speed control mode running.
Because in fact whole aircondition is equivalent to be operated under counter heat (refrigeration) operating mode in this operating mode, so the running time of this operating mode is unsuitable long, in order to avoid influence the output temperature of second heat exchanger.
Present embodiment normally freezes, the valve opening and closing logical relation of heating condition is identical with embodiment 1 with the pipeline connecting relation, no longer repeats at this.
The present invention utilizes the high temperature refrigerant of refrigerant-cycle systems to carry out defrost, can obviously improve existing various big, medium-sized heat pump air conditioner heats the heating performance under lower temperature condition, realize automatic quickly defrosting and deicing function, make existing big, medium-sized heat-pump type air-conditioner can be realized refrigeration, heat, temperature difference compensation, various working such as the defrosting and the quickly defrosting that recoils reflux, a tractor serves several purposes, one-machine-multi-function, operation, convenient management, project organization is simple, fully save user's one-time investment and day-to-day operation, maintenance cost, energy savings, good in economic efficiency.
The present invention can be widely used in various large and medium-sized compression heat pump air-conditioning units, also can be used for the transformation of family expenses unit type cold warm air conditioner.Can be widely used in all kinds of markets, office office building, hospital, hotel and residential quarters central heating, cold air-conditioning system.
Claims (10)
1. economic benefits and social benefits multi-state self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioner, comprise compressor, four-port conversion value group, second heat exchanger, time liquid buffer unit that connects successively through refrigerant line and first heat exchanger that has blower fan, wherein the cold-producing medium of compressor is confessed pipe and is connected through the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube of four-port conversion value group with first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger, its refrigerant reflux tube connects with the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube of first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger through returning liquid buffer unit and four-port conversion value group, it is characterized in that:
The waste heat heat tracing pipe is set on first heat exchanger;
On the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube of first heat exchanger, device for monitoring temperature and humidity detector are set;
In the cold-producing medium connecting tube between first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger, the controlled restriction that the pipeline switching device shifter is set and connects with it; Wherein,
One end of first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube connects with an end of four-port conversion value group respectively;
The other end of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube, switching device shifter and controlled restriction connect with the other end of the second heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube by the road;
The two ends of the first heat exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe connect with the pipeline switching device shifter;
The automatically controlled part of device for monitoring temperature and humidity detector and four-port conversion value group, blower fan, pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction is electrically connected.
2. according to the described economic benefits and social benefits multi-state of claim 1 self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioner, it is characterized in that described pipeline switching device shifter comprises control valve F11～F16, wherein,
Constitute the r end of pipeline switching device shifter after the end parallel connection of control valve F11 and F14, connect with the other end of the second heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube;
Constitute the o end of pipeline switching device shifter after the end parallel connection of the other end of control valve F11 and F12, connect with an end of controlled restriction;
Constitute the m end of pipeline switching device shifter after the end parallel connection of the other end of control valve F12 and F15, connect with an end of the first heat exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe;
Constitute the l end of pipeline switching device shifter after the end parallel connection of control valve F13 and F16, connect with the other end of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube;
Constitute the n end of pipeline switching device shifter after the other end parallel connection of control valve F13 and F15, connect with the other end of controlled restriction;
Constitute the k end of pipeline switching device shifter after the other end parallel connection of control valve F14 and F16, connect with the other end of the first heat exchanger waste heat heat tracing pipe.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described economic benefits and social benefits multi-state self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioners, it is characterized in that described controlled restriction comprises unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J1, the DJ2 of two groups of differential concatenations, two control valve f3, f4 and liquid collecting jar, connected with a control valve f1 or f2 by an one-way throttle expansion valve j1 or j2 and constitute in each unidirectional controlled throttling unit, wherein
The liquid collecting jar is provided with a drain pipe and two air inlet pipe, and the end openings of drain pipe is positioned at the bottom of liquid collecting jar, and the end openings of air inlet pipe is positioned at the top of liquid collecting jar, and the bottom of liquid collecting jar is provided with fuel outlet valve;
Constitute the q end of controlled restriction after the end parallel connection of unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J1 and control valve f3, connect with the o end of pipeline switching device shifter;
Constitute the p end of controlled restriction after the end parallel connection of unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J2 and control valve f4, connect with the n end of pipeline switching device shifter;
Connect with the drain pipe of liquid collecting jar after the other end parallel connection of unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J1 and DJ2;
The other end of control valve f3 and f4 respectively with the corresponding connection of two air inlet pipe of liquid collecting jar.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 described economic benefits and social benefits multi-state self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioners, it is characterized in that described controlled restriction comprises the unidirectional controlled throttling cells D J3 and the DJ4 of two groups of reverse parallel connections, connected with a control valve f5 or f6 by an one-way throttle expansion valve j3 or j4 and constitute in each unidirectional controlled throttling unit, wherein
With the q end that constitutes controlled restriction, connect after the end parallel connection of the end of control valve f5 and one-way throttle expansion valve j4 with the o end of pipeline switching device shifter;
With the p end that constitutes controlled restriction, connect after the other end parallel connection of the end of control valve f6 and one-way throttle expansion valve j3 with the n end of pipeline switching device shifter.
5. according to the described economic benefits and social benefits multi-state of claim 1 self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioner, it is characterized in that described first heat exchanger with blower fan be speed-changing draught fan, when aircondition was operated in defrosting operating condition, blower motor turned round being higher than under 1000 rev/mins the rotating speed.
6. automatic defrosting method of economic benefits and social benefits multi-state self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1 may further comprise the steps:
(1) when aircondition runs on heating condition, detects the temperature that is positioned at the first outdoor heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube;
(2) when aircondition runs on heating condition, detect the humidity of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube outside;
(3) after the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube temperature of first heat exchanger or humidity reach defrosting action setting value, aircondition enters the temperature difference compensation defrosting operating condition, switching by pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction, make the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube that enters first heat exchanger through the cold-producing medium behind second heat exchanger after through the waste heat heat tracing pipe of first heat exchanger and controlled restriction, carry out Defrost operation;
(4) after the heat exchanger tube temperature of first heat exchanger or humidity reach defrosting end setup value,, recover conventional heating condition by the switching of pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction.
7. automatic defrosting method of economic benefits and social benefits multi-state self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1 may further comprise the steps:
(1) when aircondition runs on heating condition, detects the temperature that is positioned at the first outdoor heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube;
(2) when aircondition runs on heating condition, detect the humidity of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube outside;
(3) after the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube temperature and humidity of first heat exchanger reaches defrosting action setting value, aircondition enters the backflow defrosting operating condition, switching by pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction, make the waste heat heat tracing pipe and the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube that directly enter first heat exchanger through the cold-producing medium behind second heat exchanger, carry out Defrost operation;
(4) after the temperature and humidity of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube reaches defrosting end setup value,, recover conventional heating condition by the switching of pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction.
8. according to the automatic defrosting method of the described economic benefits and social benefits multi-state of claim 7 self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioner, it is characterized in that when the backflow defrosting operating condition begins, the incidental blower fan of first heat exchanger can be under the control of its control circuit, enter the high-speed cruising state, its blower motor turns round being higher than under 1000 rev/mins the rotating speed, by the high velocity air that speed-changing draught fan produces, remove fast attached to the frost on the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube; When the Defrost operation operating mode finished, blower fan recovered conventional rotating speed control mode running.
9. automatic defrosting method of economic benefits and social benefits multi-state self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1 may further comprise the steps:
(1) when aircondition runs on heating condition, detects the temperature that is positioned at the first outdoor heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube;
(2) when aircondition runs on heating condition, detect the humidity of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube outside;
(3) after the temperature and humidity of the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube reaches defrosting action setting value, aircondition enters the quickly defrosting operating mode that recoils, switching by four-port conversion value group, pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant that compressor is confessed directly enters the waste heat heat tracing pipe and the cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube of first heat exchanger, carries out automatic defrosting deicing operation;
(4) after the heat exchanger tube temperature and humidity of first heat exchanger reaches defrosting end setup value,, recover conventional heating condition by the switching of four-port conversion value group, pipeline switching device shifter and controlled restriction.
10. according to the automatic defrosting method of the described economic benefits and social benefits multi-state of claim 9 self-defrosting type heat pump air conditioner, it is characterized in that when the quickly defrosting operating condition that recoils begins, the incidental blower fan of first heat exchanger is under the control of its control circuit, enter the high-speed cruising state, its blower motor turns round being higher than under 1000 rev/mins the rotating speed, by the high velocity air that speed-changing draught fan produces, remove fast attached to frost, ice on the first heat exchanger cold-producing medium heat exchanger tube; When the Defrost operation operating mode finished, blower fan recovered conventional rotating speed control mode running.
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| CN 03143232 CN1485588B (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2003-07-29 | Dual-purpose multiple operating mode self-defrosting type heat pump air-conditioner and automatic defrosting process thereof |
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| CN 03143232 CN1485588B (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2003-07-29 | Dual-purpose multiple operating mode self-defrosting type heat pump air-conditioner and automatic defrosting process thereof |
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| CN101187517B (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2010-05-12 | 海尔集团公司 | Air-conditioner defrosting method |
| CN101382365B (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2010-12-15 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Air conditioner |
| CN101694314B (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2012-07-25 | 清华大学 | Air handling device with natural heating and humidity control |
| CN104236004A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2014-12-24 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Defrosting control method and device for heat pump system |
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| CN108036556A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-15 | 珠海恩盛能源科技有限公司 | One kind defrosting and the relevant heat pump control mode of ambient temperature and humidity |
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| CN109556234A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-04-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Defrosting control method, device, equipment and medium |
| CN110726206A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-24 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Drying device and defrosting control method thereof |
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| CN101187517B (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2010-05-12 | 海尔集团公司 | Air-conditioner defrosting method |
| CN101694314B (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2012-07-25 | 清华大学 | Air handling device with natural heating and humidity control |
| CN104236004A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2014-12-24 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Defrosting control method and device for heat pump system |
| CN104236004B (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2017-02-15 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Defrosting control method and device for heat pump system |
| CN107728673A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-02-23 | 深圳市共享能源技术有限公司 | Temperature control regulating system |
| CN108036556A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-15 | 珠海恩盛能源科技有限公司 | One kind defrosting and the relevant heat pump control mode of ambient temperature and humidity |
| CN108826799A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-11-16 | 广州市热道节能科技有限公司 | A kind of interactive heat pump drying and dehumidification system of heat source each other |
| CN109556234A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-04-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Defrosting control method, device, equipment and medium |
| CN113661364A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2021-11-16 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Control device for air conditioner, outdoor unit, relay unit, heat source unit, and air conditioner |
| CN110726206A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-24 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Drying device and defrosting control method thereof |
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| CN115038916B (en) * | 2020-02-03 | 2023-06-16 | Lg电子株式会社 | Air conditioner |
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