CN1477991A - 可变蒸汽注射器 - Google Patents

可变蒸汽注射器 Download PDF

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CN1477991A
CN1477991A CNA018196144A CN01819614A CN1477991A CN 1477991 A CN1477991 A CN 1477991A CN A018196144 A CNA018196144 A CN A018196144A CN 01819614 A CN01819614 A CN 01819614A CN 1477991 A CN1477991 A CN 1477991A
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B·帕尔姆
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种可变蒸汽注射器，包括一个带有待加热产品入口(2)和已加热产品出口(3)的注射器外壳(1)。该注射器外壳(1)还带有一个蒸汽入口(4)。该注射器还包括一个封闭在注射器外壳(1)内的厚壁管(5)。厚壁管(5)上有大量的形成径向导管(9)的通透孔。此外，厚壁管(5)内有一个产品管(11)，它可以沿着管芯(5)的长度方向移动。

Description

可变蒸汽注射器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可变蒸汽注射器，包括带有一个产品入口、一个产品出口和一个蒸汽入口的注射器外壳，该注射器还包括一个封闭在该注射器外壳内的厚壁管，该厚壁管带有大量的形成基本呈径向的导管的通透孔。
背景技术
关于液态或可泵送食品的热处理，可以使用蒸汽以便快速和有效地加热食品。用以将蒸汽直接注入食品的方法之一就是利用注射器。
根据食品所要加热到的温度，就可以得到经巴氏灭菌的食品或无菌食品，或者是具有延长了的冷藏贮存期的食品。最常用的方法是将食品(例如可以是乳制品、果汁、粘性水果制品等)加热到有害微生物全部被破坏的温度，这样就得到了在室温储存时保持稳定的食品。储存过程中就不再需要完整的冷冻链，这或许是一大优势，尤其是在发展中国家。
通过将蒸汽注入食品内来直接加热食品提供了一种快速有效的加热方法。这种快速方法的结果是，可以缩短处理时间，总体上减少了对食品的热作用，并将得到维持较高品质(尤其是在味道方面)的食品。
市场上存在大量构造相似的注射器，它们带有一个待处理食品的入口和一个已处理食品的出口。这些注射器还有一个高压蒸汽入口，高压蒸汽经不同排列方式的缝隙或导管与食品混合，并将食品加热到所需的温度。根据注射器构造的不同(具有缝隙或导管)，它们可以适合于处理不同粘度的食品。
欧洲专利说明书EP 839 461中描述了一种专门用于粘性食品的注射器。在这种注射器的外壳内，有一个厚壁的管芯，管芯上有大量通透的通道或导管。食品从管芯内通过，蒸汽则由导管供给。在厚壁管的外面有一个能在管芯的长度方向上移动的控制套管，以便通过这种方式来调节蒸汽供应量，从而控制食品所要加热到的温度。厚壁管由某些塑料材料或陶瓷制成，而控制套管则用不锈钢制成。
具有上述结构的注射器有一个固有的缺点，就是内管芯具有较高的热膨胀系数，而其外围套管的热膨胀系数却相当低。为了使这种结构的注射器易于调节，就必然要使部件之间有相对大的间隙，结果是蒸汽渗漏到这些部件之间，使注射器的调节效果较差且不明显。由于食品要通过带有许多小导管的管芯，所以还存在食品误入导管的危险，因而使注射器变得更难清洗。这对于卫生要求极高的食品工业设备而言是一个极大的弊端。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一就是要获得一种注射器，其设计和构造避免了以上提到的问题，而且提供了可有效改变的蒸汽注入量，尤其适用于粘性食品。
解决方案
按照本发明，上述的发明目的以及其他的目的都已实现，具有以上所介绍的类型的蒸汽注射器被赋予以下特性：有一个布置在厚壁管内、并可在管芯的长度方向上连续移动的产品管。
本发明的优选实施方案进一步阐明了随后的权利要求中列出的特征。
附图说明
以下将参照附图对本发明设备的优选实施方案进行更详细的描述，其中：
图1表示的是第一实施方案中的本发明注射器调节到最大位置时的侧视图的部分截面图；
图2表示的是沿图1中线A-A截取所作的截面图；
图3表示的是沿图1中线B-B截取所作的截面图；
图4表示的是第一实施方案中的本发明注射器调节到最小位置时的侧视图的部分截面图；
图5表示的是第二实施方案中的本发明注射器的侧视图的部分截面图；
附图所显示的仅是理解本发明所必需的那些部件和细节，而省略了注射器在热处理设备中的位置，这对于本领域的技术人员而言是公知的。
具体实施方式
图1和图4表示的是本发明的第一实施方案，图5表示的是第二实施方案。本发明注射器有一个外观基本上呈管状的密闭的注射器外壳1。注射器外壳1上有一个产品入口2和一个产品出口3。注射器外壳1还有一个蒸汽入口4。注射器外壳1适合于由不锈钢材料制造，因为它对于食品而言是合适的材料，而且易于有效地洗净。
在注射器外壳1的一部分内，设置了一个厚壁管5。注射器外壳1厚壁管所在的部分通过密封垫6和7与注射器外壳1的其余部分以及产品出口3隔开。在厚壁管与注射器外壳1之间，有容纳从蒸汽入口4进入的蒸汽的空间8。
厚壁管5由食品-许可的塑料制成，例如非回收的PEEK(聚醚醚酮)。管芯5也可以用陶瓷或耐高压且不吸收液体的类似材料制成。这些材料也应该是食品-许可的。由于制造厚壁管5的材料是不良导热体，因此管芯5将在其外部的充满蒸汽的空间8与其内部空间10之间起绝热作用。
在厚壁管5上，设置有大量的小通透孔，它们在蒸汽空间8与管芯5的内部空间10之间形成了大量的导管9。导管9基本呈径向，并沿着管芯5的长度方向排列成排。如图2和图3所示，每排导管9之间偏移半个导管9的间距。
在厚壁管5内布置着一个产品管11。产品管11的一端有一个经入口2进入的食品的入口12。通过让入口12尽可能地远离产品出口3，使得无论注射器处于何种调节位置，食品都将以同样的方式流经注射器。
产品管11设计成能够在厚壁管5内连续移动。图1显示的是产品管11的最大位置，此时产品管11的较大部分位于注射器外壳1内没有厚壁管5的部分。图4显示的是产品管11的最小位置，此时产品管11有较大部分位于厚壁管5的内部空间(10)。
在与入口12相对的一端，产品管11形成一个V形凹槽13。通过改变V形凹槽13的角度和构造就可以改善注射器的调节性能。通过移动厚壁管5内的产品管11，就会有或多或少的可进入蒸汽的导管9露出来。
如图1和图4所示，在本发明的第一优选实施方案中，注射器可以通过一个有螺纹的调节装置14来手工调节。或者，如图5所示，也可以给本发明注射器装备电动、气动或液压开关装置15。开关装置15可以通过调节温度来控制，温度指示器(未绘出)安装在紧靠注射器出口3的后面。或者，开关装置15可以通过恒压调节器和温度传感器来控制，其中，恒压调节器测量穿过蒸汽导管9的压差，而温度传感器通过一个温度调节器或一个标准的调节阀来升高或降低通入注射器的蒸汽压力。
经产品入口2进入的食品可以是相对粘稠的食品，例如部分冻结的浓缩果汁、果酱、冰淇淋混合物、含或不含粒状物的调味品和汤等。注射器当然也可用于不太粘稠的食品。当食品由部分冻结的浓缩果汁构成时，能够快速地调节注射器的蒸汽供入量就显得至关重要，因为浓缩果汁可能含有大块或小块的冰晶，这就产生了不同的能量供应需求，从而能够达到所需的食品温度。
经入口2进入的食品进入到注射器外壳1内，进而经入口12进入到产品管11中。食品的运行路线如图5中箭头所示。食品进入产品管11后，继续进入或大或小的厚壁管5区域，这取决于产品管11所处的调节位置。由于产品管11覆盖了不向食品提供蒸汽的导管9，因而就没有了食品误入不工作的导管9内的危险。当食品进入厚壁管5时，高压蒸汽经暴露的导管9供应，这些蒸汽将阻止食品误入导管9。
当产品管11处于最大位置时(图1)，会有最多的蒸汽导管9暴露出来，这样大量的蒸汽就可以进入食品中。由于蒸汽分布在大量的小导管9中，这样食品中就会达到非常好的蒸汽分布，因此可以快速有效地将食品加热到所需的温度。
当产品管11处于最小位置时(图4)，必然有最少量的导管9暴露出来，因而也只会有最少的蒸汽进入食品中。
一旦食品因供入蒸汽而被加热到所需的温度后，食品就会通过出口3离开注射器。在出口3的后面，通常设置着一个缓冲槽(未绘出)来使食品在所需的温度再保存一段设定的、预先选择的时间间隔。此后，食品可以进一步被冷却或进行其他可能的处理，并最终被包装为消费品包装。
从以上的描述中我们可以清楚地看到，本发明实现了一种可以简单有效地进行调节的可变蒸汽注射器，它摒弃了现有技术的注射器所固有的缺陷。

Claims (7)

1、一种可变蒸汽注射器，包括一个带有产品入口(2)、产品出口(3)和蒸汽入口(4)的注射器外壳(1)，该注射器还包括一个封闭在注射器外壳(1)内的厚壁管(5)，该管芯上有大量的形成基本呈径向的导管(9)的通透孔，其特征在于，厚壁管(5)内设置了一个可以沿着管芯(5)的长度方向连续移动的产品管(11)。
2、一种如权利要求1所述的可变蒸汽注射器，其特征在于，产品管(11)通过开关装置(15)来移动，所述开关装置(15)是由温度调节器通过紧靠注射器出口(3)后面的温度指示器来控制。
3、一种如权利要求1所述的可变蒸汽注射器，其特征在于，产品管(11)通过开关装置(15)来移动，所述开关装置(15)通过恒压调节器来控制，该恒压调节器测量穿过导管(9)的压力差。
4、上述权利要求中任一项所述的可变蒸汽注射器，其特征在于，产品管(11)可以在最大位置和最小位置之间移动。
5、上述权利要求中任一项所述的可变蒸汽注射器，其特征在于，产品管(11)的一端有一个V形凹槽(13)，用以控制注射器的调节性能。
6、一种如权利要求5所述的可变蒸汽注射器，其特征在于，产品管在与V形凹槽(13)相对的一端有一个产品入口(12)。
7、上述权利要求中任一项所述的可变蒸汽注射器，其特征在于，径向导管(9)沿着管芯(5)的长度方向排列成排，而且每一排导管(9)之间偏移半个导管(9)的间距。
CNB018196144A 2000-11-29 2001-11-28 可变蒸汽注射器 Expired - Fee Related CN1224451C (zh)

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SE0004390A SE517823C2 (sv) 2000-11-29 2000-11-29 Reglerbar ånginjektor

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AT (1) ATE327036T1 (zh)
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BR (1) BR0115798B1 (zh)
DE (1) DE60119980T2 (zh)
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SE530567C2 (sv) * 2006-11-13 2008-07-08 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Reglerbar ånginjektor
DE102007017704B4 (de) 2007-04-14 2009-12-31 Gea Tds Gmbh Injektor und Verfahren zum Einleiten eines dampfförmigen Wärmeträgers in ein flüssiges Produkt
CA2650746C (en) * 2008-01-24 2016-06-07 Bruce A. Cincotta Angled diffuser and steam injection heater assembly
US8568017B2 (en) * 2008-10-03 2013-10-29 Hydro-Thermal Corporation Radial flow steam injection heater
US8425965B2 (en) * 2009-07-29 2013-04-23 Tokitae Llc Method for heating or sterilizing a liquid stream
US9930898B2 (en) * 2009-07-29 2018-04-03 Tokitae Llc Pasteurization system and method
US9599407B2 (en) * 2009-07-29 2017-03-21 Tokitae Llc System and structure for heating or sterilizing a liquid stream
DE102013010296B4 (de) * 2013-06-19 2019-03-14 Gea Tds Gmbh Verfahren und Injektor zum Einleiten eines dampfförmigen Wärmeträgers in ein flüssiges Produkt
CA3016784C (en) 2018-09-07 2020-12-15 Fort Hills Energy L.P. Direct steam injection (dsi) heating and use in bitumen froth treatment operations
FR3087631B1 (fr) * 2018-10-25 2024-05-17 Fabrice Moissonnier Module d'injection vapeur aseptique pour traitement haute temperature des aliments liquides ou visqueux

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ES2266314T3 (es) 2007-03-01
SE517823C2 (sv) 2002-07-16
ATE327036T1 (de) 2006-06-15
CN1224451C (zh) 2005-10-26
SE0004390L (sv) 2002-05-30
WO2002043848A1 (en) 2002-06-06
BR0115798B1 (pt) 2010-03-09
DE60119980D1 (de) 2006-06-29
BR0115798A (pt) 2004-01-27
DK1353745T3 (da) 2006-09-11
DE60119980T2 (de) 2007-01-04
US20040070090A1 (en) 2004-04-15
EP1353745B1 (en) 2006-05-24
US6955340B2 (en) 2005-10-18
SE0004390D0 (sv) 2000-11-29
EP1353745A1 (en) 2003-10-22
MXPA03004685A (es) 2004-04-20
AU2002224302A1 (en) 2002-06-11

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