CN1477789A - 双模无线局域网模块及其射频前端电路 - Google Patents
双模无线局域网模块及其射频前端电路 Download PDFInfo
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- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2291—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used in bluetooth or WI-FI devices of Wireless Local Area Networks [WLAN]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
- H04B1/0053—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band
- H04B1/006—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band using switches for selecting the desired band
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
- H04B1/403—Circuits using the same oscillator for generating both the transmitter frequency and the receiver local oscillator frequency
- H04B1/406—Circuits using the same oscillator for generating both the transmitter frequency and the receiver local oscillator frequency with more than one transmission mode, e.g. analog and digital modes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0602—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using antenna switching
- H04B7/0608—Antenna selection according to transmission parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0802—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection
- H04B7/0805—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection with single receiver and antenna switching
- H04B7/0814—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection with single receiver and antenna switching based on current reception conditions, e.g. switching to different antenna when signal level is below threshold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
Abstract
一种双模无线局域网模块,该模块组装在电子设备上用于与其它电子设备进行无线通信,包括小型周边组件扩展接口单元、与所述接口单元电性耦合的双模基带单元、与所述双模基带单元电性耦合的双模射频单元、与所述双模射频单元电性耦合的射频前端电路和与所述射频前端电路电性耦合的一对双频天线,所述射频前端电路具有用于选择天线并控制射频前端电路的收/发路径上的开/关的天线分集电路。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种双模无线局域网模块及其射频前端电路。
【背景技术】
随着无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Network,WLAN)的持续发展,其在2.4GHZ的工业、科学和医疗(Industrial、Scientific and Medical,ISM)频带上的数据传输率等性能逐渐接近普通的有线以太网(Ethernet)。在由Intersil公司的Juan Figueroa、Bill Garon、Bob Pearson和AL Pertrick所著的论文《Technology economics of standards based WLAN solutions andcost of ownership》中(出自http://www.eetasia.com/Design corner:RF/Wireless Design/Technical Archiwes),分析了WLAN解决方案的费用,并指出:由IEEE 802.11工作组所建议的无线技术和通信协议相对于已经成熟的以太网技术有相当强的竞争力,该论文对射频芯片及封装技术的分析进一步显示无线局域网时代的来临。
当今市场上无线局域网产品越来越多,包括蓝芽产品、基于IEEE 802.11b的产品以及基于HomeRF的产品,但由于其所使用的频带2.4GHZ很窄,且不仅以上产品应用该频带,而且微波炉和其它设备也应用该频带,所以造成2.4GHZ频带相当拥挤。
可以可靠支持更多用户的多个频带对于企业和办公环境尤其重要,上述基于IEEE 802.11b的产品最高速率只有11Mbps,远远不能满足需求,于是IEEE指定新的规格标准-工作在5GHZ的IEEE 802.11a标准。
这样,众多用户希望WLAN终端产品可以工作在2.4GHZ和5GHZ两个频带,而不是在不同频带下使用兼容性和移动性差的两个产品。于是,众多的集成电路和半导体厂商致力于发展可以同时支持802.11a和802.11b的双模芯片,相关公司包括Envara、Atheros Communication、Synad Technologies等等。
目前的问题是如何设计一个完整且具有双模芯片的模块产品,包括芯片接口以及芯片与射频前端电路的接口,其中,射频前端电路是整个模块设计的核心和关键所在。在美国专利第6,351,502号和6,205,171号中揭示了传统的射频前端电路或天线接口单元设计,但这些设计均不适用于双模WLAN模块。
【发明内容】
本发明目的在于提供一种可以兼容IEEE 802.11a和IEEE 802.11b的双模WLAN模块。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种适用于双模WLAN模块的射频前端电路。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:本发明双模无线局域网模块,包括小型周边组件扩展接口单元、与所述接口单元电性耦合的双模基带单元、与所述双模基带单元电性耦合的双模射频单元、与所述双模射频单元电性耦合的射频前端电路和与所述射频前端电路电性耦合的一对双频天线,其中,射频前端电路包括用于两个不同频率信号的接收/发射的开关单元和第一、二信号处理单元,且所述开关单元与第一、二信号处理单元和天线单元电性连接,天线单元包括第一、二双频天线,开关单元包括两个天线选择信号控制开关、两个接收开关和两个发射开关,其中,在接收路径上,由天线单元接收到的信号经天线选择信号控制开关选择后传送到两个接收开关,再经两个接收开关选择后传送到第一信号处理单元,在发射路径上,由第二信号处理单元产生的发射信号经发射开关选择后传送到天线单元。
相较于现有技术,本发明通过采用天线分集技术,使得该无线局域网模块的射频前端电路可以工作在双模,且在接收和发射路径具有良好的隔离度,同时使得本发明种没有射频信号交织而方便于PCB的布线。本发明天线分集技术的实现仅仅用到少量开关,因此,在接收和发射路径上都具有较小的插入损耗。
【附图说明】
图1为本发明双模WLAN模块的原理框图及其应用示意图。
图2为图1所示的部分射频前端电路及双频天线的组合示意图。
图3为图2所示的开关部分的应用图。
【具体实施方式】
请参照图1所示,双模无线局域网模块包括射频部分和基频部分。射频部分包括一对双频天线40、射频前端电路30、射频集成电路20(Radio FrequencyIntegrate Circuit,RFIC)。基频部分包括基频集成电路(Base-bandIntegrate Circuit,BBIC)10和与射频集成电路20电性相接的接口电路(未标号)、小型周边组件扩展接口(Mini-PCI,未标号,设置在膝上型计算机600上)。
射频集成电路20与基频集成电路10之间的电性连接可以方便地由基于Synad公司的双模芯片解决方案得到,基频集成电路10与小型周边组件扩展接口之间的电性连接已为现有技术所揭示,因此,在下面的说明中,这两部分被省略。
双频天线40工作在IEEE 802.11b标准的2.4-2.5GHZ频带和IEEE802.11a标准的5.15-5.875GHZ频带,射频集成电路20通过射频前端电路30将发射信号传送到双频天线40,接收信号则通过双频天线40和射频前端电路30到达射频集成电路20。
射频前端电路30包括用于控制双频天线40分集和收/发功能的六个开关31-36,其中,开关31和33为天线选择控制开关,开关32和34为接收开关,开关35和36为发射开关,第一信号处理单元分别由带通滤波器101和102、平衡/不平衡变换器201和202组成,第二信号处理单元由低通滤波器103和104、功率放大器301和302以及平衡/不平衡变换器203和204组成。
由双频天线40接收的信号由开关31-34选择,包括RX_A(2.4-2.5GHZ)和RX_B(5.15-5.875GHZ)。信号RX_A(2.4-2.5GHZ)由带通滤波器102滤波,并通过平衡/不平衡变换器202送入射频集成电路20,信号RX_B(5.15-5.875GHZ)由带通滤波器101滤波,并通过平衡/不平衡变换器201送入射频集成电路20,这样形成信号接收(RX)路径。
送入双频天线40的信号由射频集成电路20产生,包括TX_A(2.4-2.5GHZ)和TX_B(5.15-5.875GHZ)。信号TX_A经过平衡/不平衡变换器204送入功率放大器302放大后,经过低通滤波器104滤波,然后经开关36送到双频天线40,信号TX_B经过平衡/不平衡变换器203送入功率放大器301放大后,经过低通滤波器103滤波,然后经开关35送到双频天线40,这样形成信号发射(TX)路径。
请参照图2和图3所示,开关31-36的开关功能分别由六个触发器31a-36a实现。天线选择信号(ANTSEL)由基频集成电路10产生,并通过转换器51控制触发器31a和33a。收/发开关信号(TX_RX_N)由基频集成电路10产生,并通过转换器52控制触发器32a、34a、35a和36a。
当双模无线局域网模块在TX_RX_N信号控制下发射信号时,接收开关32和34关闭,发射开关35和36导通。当双模无线局域网模块在TX_RX_N信号控制下接收信号时,接收开关32和34导通,发射开关35和36关闭。
当双模无线局域网模块组装上膝上型计算机600时,两个双频天线40组装在膝上型计算机600的不同位置,因此对于信号有不同的接收性能。当信号很微弱的时候,天线选择信号(ANTSEL)控制接收开关31-34选择两个双频天线40中接收性能较好的一个。
由于发射信号强度远大于接收信号强度,因此在发射电路上没有天线选择信号(ANTSEL)控制开关,所以可适当降低插入损耗。
在上述设计中,收/发路径均可以工作在双模状态下。当接收路径导通时,发射路径关闭,当接收路径关闭时,发射路径导通,因此收/发路径具有良好的隔离度,同时也使得本设计中没有射频信号的交织问题,有利于印刷电路板的布线。
Claims (10)
1.一种双模无线局域网模块的射频前端电路,用于耦合天线单元及双模射频单元,其包括用于两个不同频率信号的接收/发射的开关单元和第一、二信号处理单元,且所述开关单元与第一、二信号处理单元和天线单元电性连接,天线单元包括第一、二双频天线,其特征在于:开关单元包括两个天线选择信号控制开关、两个接收开关和两个发射开关,其中,在接收路径上,由天线单元接收到的信号经天线选择信号控制开关选择后传送到两个接收开关,再经两个接收开关选择后传送到第一信号处理单元,在发射路径上,由第二信号处理单元产生的发射信号经发射开关选择后传送到天线单元。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双模无线局域网模块的射频前端电路,其特征在于:当接收开关导通时,发射开关断开,当接收开关断开时,发射开关导通。
3.根据权利要求2所述的双模无线局域网模块的射频前端电路,其特征在于:所述双模无线局域网模块还包括双模基带单元,该双模基带单元与所述双模射频单元耦合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的双模无线局域网模块的射频前端电路,其特征在于:所述第一、二信号处理单元与双模基带单元耦合,包括平衡/不平衡变换器、低通滤波器和放大器。
5.根据权利要求4所述的双模无线局域网模块的射频前端电路,其特征在于:所述天线选择信号控制开关的控制信号由双模基带单元产生。
6.根据权利要求5所述的双模无线局域网模块的射频前端电路射,其特征在于:所述第一、二双频天线工作频率为2.4GHZ和5GHZ。
7.一种双模无线局域网模块,适用于具有接口单元的双模通信设备,其特征在于:所述双模无线局域网模块包括与接口单元电性连接的基带单元、与基带单元电性连接的射频单元、与射频单元相连的射频前端电路和与射频前端电路相连的两个双频天线单元。
8.根据权利要求7所述的双模无线局域网模块,其特征在于:所述基带单元和射频单元均工作在双频。
9.根据权利要求8所述的双模无线局域网模块,其特征在于:所述射频前端电路具有接收路径和发射路径,且在接收路径上设有天线选择信号控制开关。
10.根据权利要求9所述的双模无线局域网模块,其特征在于:所述接受路径上还设有接收开关,发射路径上设有发射开关,当接收开关导通时,发射开关断开,当接收开关断开时,发射开关导通。
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US10/226,006 US20040038660A1 (en) | 2002-08-21 | 2002-08-21 | RF front-end for dual-mode wireless LAN module |
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CN100428643C (zh) * | 2004-10-13 | 2008-10-22 | 英华达(上海)电子有限公司 | 天线模块 |
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CN104272597A (zh) * | 2012-05-04 | 2015-01-07 | 高通股份有限公司 | 用于分集接收器的射频交换机 |
US9379802B2 (en) | 2012-05-04 | 2016-06-28 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Radio frequency switch for diversity receiver |
CN104272597B (zh) * | 2012-05-04 | 2017-11-07 | 高通股份有限公司 | 用于分集接收器的射频交换机 |
Also Published As
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US20040038660A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
US20040204037A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
TW200403931A (en) | 2004-03-01 |
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