CN1471434A - 垂直旋风分离器 - Google Patents

垂直旋风分离器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1471434A
CN1471434A CNA018181678A CN01818167A CN1471434A CN 1471434 A CN1471434 A CN 1471434A CN A018181678 A CNA018181678 A CN A018181678A CN 01818167 A CN01818167 A CN 01818167A CN 1471434 A CN1471434 A CN 1471434A
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cyclone separator
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安德列亚斯·埃克
˹��J��M���¿���
科内利斯·J·M·德科特
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04CAPPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08Vortex chamber constructions
    • B04C5/081Shapes or dimensions

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Abstract

具有管状外壳(2)的垂直旋风分离器(1),包括一个设有用于接收气体和固体悬浮物的切线设置入口(4)的管状壁部分(3)和一个封闭管状壁部分(3)的上端的升高的盖(5),其中一个气体出口管道(6)从上方显著伸入,沿轴线(7)进入管状外壳中,最多到达切线设置入口的中心的水平位置。

Description

垂直旋风分离器
本发明涉及一种改进的旋风分离器。本发明还涉及这种旋风分离器在流化催化裂化工艺中的应用。
WO-A-0050538中描述了这种分离器。根据该出版物,公开了一种旋风分离器,与McGraw Hill在1997年出版的佩里化学工程师手册(Perry’s Chemical Engineer’s handbook)’第7版图17-36中示例的常规旋风分离器相比,该旋风分离器提高了分离效率。
本发明的目的在于提供一种分离器,它具有如该PCT出版物中公开的旋风分离器这样的更加改进的分离效率。
该目的是由下面的旋风分离器实现的。具有一个管状外壳的垂直旋风分离器容器,包括一个设有用于接收气体和固体悬浮物的切线设置入口的管状壁部分和一个封闭管状壁部分的上端的升高的盖,其中一个气体出口管道从上方显著伸入,沿轴线进入管状外壳中,最多到达切线设置入口的中心的水平位置。
申请人发现,与现有技术中的旋风分离器相比,本发明的旋风分离器提高了分离效率,特别是当原始溶液中含有相对较高水平的固体时。
下面将更详细地描述本发明,包括某些优选实施例。
旋风分离器的盖相对于用于接收固体和气体悬浮物的切线设置入口升高。
这里升高表示盖与切线设置入口的中心之间的距离大于一般使用的距离。现有技术中所示的普通旋风分离器的盖位于切线设置入口的正上方。优选地,升高的盖位于切线设置入口开口的中心上方垂直距离(d1)位置,其中距离(d1)与管状外壳的直径(d2)之比为0.2至3,更优选地为0.5至2,最优选地为0.5至1.5。
气体出口管道从上方显著地伸入旋风分离器的管状外壳中。显著伸入表示从升高盖管状外壳中所测量的伸入距离(d3)至少比气体出口管道直径(d4)大0.4倍。优选地,比气体出口管道的直径(d4)大0.5倍。更优选地,距离(d3)与升高的盖和切线设置入口开口中心之间的距离(d1)之比为0.1至0.6,更优选地为0.4至0.6。
图1表示根据本发明的旋风分离器。图1示出一个具有管状外壳(2)的垂直旋风分离器(1),包括一个设有用于接收气体和固体悬浮物的切线设置入口(4)的管状壁部分(3)和一个封闭管状壁部分(3)的上端的升高的盖(5),其中一个气体出口管道(6)从上方显著伸入,沿轴线(7)进入管状外壳(2)中,最多到达切线设置入口(4)的中心(9)的水平位置(8)。所示的垂直旋风分离器(1)在管状壁部分(3)的底端还设有一个可选择的料腿(10),该料腿(10)(部分图示出)通过一个截头圆锥形的壁部分(11)与管状壁部分流体联接。图中还示出上面使用的距离d1、d2、d3和d4。
根据本发明的旋风分离器可以有利地用作与辅旋风分离器相结合的主旋风分离器,其中主旋风分离器的气体出口管道与辅旋风分离器的切线设置入口流体联接。辅旋风分离器可以是例如在McGraw Hill在1997年出版的‘佩里化学工程师手册’第7版图17-36中公开的现有技术旋风分离器。
旋风分离器用于将固体颗粒从颗粒和气体的悬浮物中分离出来。根据本发明的旋风分离器可用在将固体颗粒从上述固体颗粒和气体的悬浮物分离出来的任何工艺中。这种工艺的例子是MTBE(甲基叔丁基醚)-流化床脱氢工艺、丙烯腈工艺以及流化催化裂化(FCC)工艺。在法国石油化工协会在1984年出版的Daniel DeCroocq的‘重石油分馏的催化裂解’(ISBN2-7108-455-7)第100-114页中描述了这种流化催化裂化工艺的例子。优选地,该设备用在FCC工艺中,其中将固体含量为1到15千克/立方米的气体固体悬浮物输送到主旋风分离器中。优选地,根据本发明的旋风分离器用作在WO-A-0050538中公开的,特别是所述出版物的图1-5中所示的优选实施例中的主旋风分离器。
本发明还涉及一种流化催化裂解反应容器,其中反应器提升管的下游端与本发明旋风分离器的切线设置入口流体联通,该容器在其底端还包括一个汽提区域,该汽提区域设有用于向已分离催化剂颗粒的密相流化床供应汽提介质的装置,从容器中排出已汽提催化剂颗粒的装置,以及从容器中排出碳氢化合物和汽提介质蒸气的装置。
下面用例子说明本发明。
将含尘量为8千克固体/千克气体的气体固体悬浮物输送到具有图1中结构的旋风分离器中。固体的平均颗粒尺寸是50微米。悬浮物的入口速度为20米/秒。管状外壳的直径(d2)为0.300米,入口中心与升高的盖之间的距离(d1)为0.290米,因而d1/d2的比率为0.97。气体出口管道的内径(d4)为0.108米。旋风分离器的管状部分、料腿及联接部件的其余尺寸都是常规尺寸。气体出口的伸入量(d3)可变,在不同的d3值对没有在旋风分离器中分离的分馏固体(即溢流中的固体馏分)进行测量。下表中列出结果。
    d3/d1     溢流中的固体馏分(重量%)     压降(帕)
  1     0     0.3     2002
  2     0.19     0.1     2037
  3     0.65     0.2     2110

Claims (11)

1.具有一个管状外壳的垂直旋风分离器容器,包括一个设有用于接收气体和固体悬浮物的切线设置入口的管状壁部分和一个封闭管状壁部分的上端的升高的盖,其中一个气体出口管道从上方显著伸入,沿轴线进入管状外壳中,最多到达切线设置入口的中心的水平位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的垂直旋风分离器,其中升高的盖位于切线设置入口开口的中心上方垂直距离(d1)位置,其中距离(d1)与管状外壳的直径(d2)之比为0.2至3。
3.根据权利要求1所述的垂直旋风分离器,其中距离(d1)与管状外壳的直径(d2)之比为0.5至2。
4.根据权利要求3所述的垂直旋风分离器,其中距离(d1)与管状外壳的直径(d2)之比为0.5至1.5。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的垂直旋风分离器,其中从升高的盖测量,气体出口管道伸入管状外壳中至少距离(d3),其中该距离(d3)与气体出口管道的直径(d4)之比为至少0.4。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的垂直旋风分离器,其中从升高的盖测量,气体出口管道伸入管状外壳中至少距离(d3),其中该距离(d3)与升高的盖和切线设置的入口开口中心之间的距离(d1)之比为0.1至0.6。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的垂直旋风分离器,其中一料腿位于主旋风分离器的管状壁部分的底端,该料腿通过一个截头圆锥形的壁部分与管状壁部分流体联接。
8.包括根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的旋风分离器作为主旋风分离器的分离设备,其中气体出口管道与一个辅旋风分离器的切线设置入口流体联接,用于接收气体和固体悬浮物。
9.流化催化裂化反应容器,其中反应器提升管的下游端与根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的旋风分离器的切线设置入口或者根据权利要求8的分离设备的主旋风分离器的切线设置入口流体联接,该容器在其底端还包括一个汽提区域,该汽提区域设有用于向已分离催化剂颗粒的密相流化床供应汽提介质的装置,从容器中排出已汽提催化剂颗粒的装置,以及从容器中排出碳氢化合物和汽提介质蒸气的装置。
10.根据权利要求1-7的旋风分离器的用途,用于从颗粒和气体悬浮物中分离固体颗粒。
11.根据权利要求10所述的用途,其中悬浮物的固体含量为1至15千克/立方米。
CNA018181678A 2000-11-07 2001-11-07 垂直旋风分离器 Pending CN1471434A (zh)

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CN102989620A (zh) * 2012-11-23 2013-03-27 浙江明泉工业涂装有限公司 旋风分离器
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