CN1466256A

CN1466256A - Parallel isolation overlapping compensation type controller and method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN1466256A
Application number: CNA021237212A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 夏秀英
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-06-20
Filing date: 2002-06-20
Publication date: 2004-01-07
Anticipated expiration: 2022-06-20
Also published as: CN1330067C

Abstract

This invention discloses a power input/output control device and control method mainly used in off-net wind force, photovoltaic solar power station input control and voltage control, current limitation to various loads, composed of a rectifier, divider D(D1-DN), oad control switch k(ZK, FK1-FKN) and system controller. First, D divides the input energy to primary and secondary parts with parallel separation method, then system controller U operates load control switch k to control distribution of energy output. This device distributes the input power energy properly among multiload in the way of overlap complement.

Description

Parallel isolation overlapping compensation type controller and method

One, technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of electronic circuit, is a kind of power supply I/O control device specifically.Be used for reaching power supply i/o controller and the method that each type load is realized functions such as pressure control, current limliting from net type wind-force, the input control of photovoltaic solar power station.

Two, technical background

From net type solar power station generally is to adopt batteries to come store electrical energy.Electric energy that send in the power station such as untimely use or storage not only can cause waste, and may influence the reliable and stable operation of system.The electric energy of power station output should at first be supplied with main load and use or it is stored (main target load and the energy storage battery determined when main load refers to system design).How the electric energy that sends when the power station when main load makes exhaustless degree, should be used this portion of energy or release by auxiliary burden (by-end load of determining when auxiliary burden refers to system design and the workload of letting out that aims at the consumed power setting).For guaranteeing that auxiliary burden can not produced the energy of storage battery in the main load releases, and must form isolation to a certain degree between main and auxiliary load.This controller and method promptly are for reaching a kind of perfect in shape and function that above-mentioned requirements designs, the reliable and stable control method that realizes of being easy to again.

Normal controller adopts the mode at DC side series connection silicon cell to realize unidirectional isolation.Method is (for the sake of simplicity with the output of single phase alternating current power supply AC equivalence plant generator) as shown in Figure 3.D1-D4 is used for the ac electric that sends is carried out rectification, and D5 is responsible for folk prescription and isolates to electric weight, prevents that storage battery energy contained in the main load ZZ part is to generating direction transmission (being called anti-filling).FZ is the controlled power regulating eqiupment (auxiliary burden) after simplifying, and how much it comes the safeguards system steady operation according to what plant generator amount situation and main load ZZ power consumption situation adjusted automatically that shunting releases energy.Because of being connected between main load ZZ and the auxiliary burden FZ and with the ZZ energy, isolating device D5 supplies with into series relationship, the isolation control method that is referred to as to connect (Fig. 1 isolates for negative pole altogether, and Fig. 2 is anodal isolation altogether).

The tandem type isolation control method has 3 aspect defectives: 1.. and isolating device is serially connected with main load power supply passage and has the drooping characteristic of approximately constant, can cause extra energy loss and heating.System's rated voltage and isolating device constant pressure drop are approaching more, and relative loss factor is high more.2.. degree of isolation is lower, and main and auxiliary passage checks and balance and is difficult to satisfy the control use occasion that index is higher, the control project is more complicated.3.. with the output of shunting mode control to main load, it is bigger only to be suitable for importing the power supply equivalent internal resistance, has the small hydropower station system of obvious constant-current characteristics merely.The great advantage of series connection isolation control method is that circuit is simple, cost is low.

Three, summary of the invention

The present invention at first utilizes the unilateal conduction characteristic of diode that intake is divided into a plurality of parallel channel isolations; Each passage is provided with the energy control switch; Constantly each passage is implemented state-detection such as voltage, electric current, temperature; Carry out power distribution conversion by preassigned at each interchannel according to testing result.Closure/the disjunction of each energy control switch must be observed the sequential principle of overlapping complementation in the transfer process.

The present invention substitutes the series connection isolation method with isolation method in parallel.Shown in Fig. 4-6 is isolation technology in parallel.Isolating device will be imported electric weight and be divided into parallel main and auxiliary two parts from exchanging punishment.Adopt in parallel the isolation to have 3 obvious advantages.1.. isolation loss is zero.2.. have higher isolation effect, provide prerequisite for improving accurate control.3.. system's control does not rely on the constant-current characteristics of power supply input, can satisfy the demand for control of large-scale power station.

The present invention substitutes single control method of letting out merit with the energy distribution control method of overlapping complementation.

Controller is primary controlling object with main portion.Specifically, when electric energy is imported, pay the utmost attention to and provide it to main portion (as storage battery), have only the unacceptable that part of energy of main portion (being full of or the supply current off-rating) just to distribute to slave part (as water heater, blower fan, let out merit device etc.) as storage battery, form between the two priority different, the isolation energy distribution relation that is mutually related again mutually.Need to adjust and divide timing, controller can be handled on-load switch and in the mode of overlapping complementation energy reasonably be distributed.

So-called complementation is meant that each energy only distributes to the load of some parts, and circuit guarantees that all the time (can only be one a) on-load switch opens, and guarantees that electric energy has (having only one a) work done path all the time.Main and auxiliary part alternately obtains energy and is called complementation.

So-called overlapping being meant in the time of need carrying out the energy distribution conversion, certain two can only dispense switch must guarantee the closed overlapping of certain hour in closure/breaking course.It is overlapping that the end that promptly is meant this energy distribution and the beginning (conversion dynamic process) of being about to adjust distribution form a certain amount of closure in time, the of short duration process of two switches closed simultaneously (not allowing disjunction simultaneously) promptly occurs in switch transition moment.

With the sequential relationship of overlapping complementation main and auxiliary passage being carried out the topmost advantage of power supply conversion is when the technical indicator to main load realizes control comprehensively, do not have at circuit under the condition of impact mitigation measure and can effectively avoid changing all kinds of impacts that cause, the work of assurance system stability also can not have a negative impact to the energy efficiency of supply of main load.

Four, description of drawings

Fig. 1 is total to negative pole isolation method circuit theory diagrams for series connection.D1-D4 is used for the ac electric that sends is carried out rectification, and D5 is responsible for folk prescription and isolates to electric weight.

Fig. 2 is total to anodal isolation method circuit theory diagrams for series connection.D1-D4 is used for the ac electric that sends is carried out rectification, and D5 is responsible for folk prescription and isolates to electric weight.

Fig. 3 is total to negative pole isolation method system works circuit theory diagrams for series connection.

Fig. 4 is full isolation method circuit theory diagrams in parallel.DZ1-DZ4 is a main portion power supply passage among the figure, and DF1-DF4 is the auxilliary passage of partly powering.

Fig. 5 is and the negative pole isolation method circuit theory diagrams of allying the communists.DZ1, DZ2 are main portion forward power supply passage among the figure, and DF1, DF2 are auxilliary part forward power supply passage, and D3, D4 are common-use tunnel.

Fig. 6 is and the anodal isolation method circuit theory diagrams of allying the communists.DZ3, DZ4 are main portion negative sense power supply passage among the figure, and DF3, DF4 are auxilliary part negative sense power supply passage, and D1, D2 are common-use tunnel.

Fig. 7 is a specific embodiment.It is the total system electrical schematic diagram of negative pole circuit fully altogether.

Fig. 8-the 10th is used to further specify the sequential logic figure of Fig. 7 control relation.

Five, embodiment

Specific embodiment is referring to Fig. 7.It is the total system electrical schematic diagram of negative pole circuit fully altogether.

Frame A is 3 input negative pole isolation rectification circuit in parallel altogether mutually, and D1-D3 provides direct current energy after the rectification for main load, and D4-D6 provides direct current energy after the rectification for auxiliary burden, and D7-D9 is shared rectifying device.

Frame B is common negative pole master load and control switch circuit, and ZZ is the highest main load (generally being batteries) of priority in the system, and ZQ is main load control switch transistor.ZK is main on-load switch control end, when ZK brings out existing Continuity signal over the ground, and the ZQ closure, ZZ obtains electric energy.ZC is main load condition measuring junction, and present principles figure measures input ZC and simply shows as voltage measurement, but for the system of complexity, its reality also comprises the measurement of other physical quantitys such as electric current, temperature.System controller is given main load or auxiliary burden with determining after the multiple input variable of comprehensive reference with power distribution.

Frame C is that (it represents the different auxiliary burden colony of 1-N road priority level for large scale system, as heater, exhaust blower etc., has N load, a N control valve, a N control end, a N measuring junction simultaneously for auxiliary burden and control switch circuit.Each auxiliary burden and main load between the single auxiliary burden, are carrying out all following complementary overlapping principle when energy is supplied with conversion).FZ is an auxiliary burden, and FQ is the control switch transistor.FK is an auxiliary burden switch control end, when FK brings out existing one over the ground during Continuity signal, and the FQ closure, FZ obtains electric energy.FC is an auxiliary burden state measurement end, and present principles figure measures input FC and simply shows as voltage measurement, but in fact it also may be other physical quantitys such as switch, electric current, temperature because of auxiliary burden characteristic difference.Master controller is grasped auxiliary burden group's operating state and is given Na Yilu in main load or the auxiliary burden in conjunction with the situation final decision of main load with power distribution by the FC line.

Frame D is a system controller.Simple system controller can be made up of linearity and logical circuit, and the controller of function complexity generally is made up of transducer, linear circuit, logical circuit and microcomputer.To have only main (storage battery), auxilliary (drain charge resistance) 2 road loads, the single single system that main load is carried out voltage measurement that its operation principle is described with complete set negative pole altogether below.With reference to Fig. 7.

3 cross streams electricity are exported 2 road parallel energy and are added to main and auxiliary on-load switch pipe ZK, FK after the D1-D9 rectification, main energy end is powered to system controller simultaneously.System controller is measured ZZ terminal voltage (battery tension) by measuring junction ZC, two kinds of processes may occur:

1.. be lower than predetermined standard time when recording battery tension, control circuit U gives Q2 by a pin by R2 output high potential signal, and the Q2 conducting makes the ZQ closure through ZK, R output Continuity signal, and main rectification passage electric energy charges to storage battery ZZ; Slightly through time-delay (lap), control circuit U gives Q1 by the b pin by R1 output low-potential signal, and Q1 cuts off the drain charge path by making the FQ disjunction through FK, R output pick-off signal.

2.. be higher than predetermined standard time when recording battery tension, control circuit U gives Q1 by the b pin by R1 output high potential signal, and the Q1 conducting makes the FQ closure through FK, R output Continuity signal, and auxiliary rectifier passage electric energy discharges to drain charge load FZ; Slightly through time-delay (lap), control circuit U gives Q2 by a pin by R2 output low-potential signal, and Q2 cuts off the charging path by making the ZQ disjunction through ZK, R output pick-off signal.

Single system does not generally need subsidiary end FC, has bigger power headroom and reliability but require to let out workload.When a plurality of auxiliary burden, the signal that controller need feed back to according to the difference and the concrete load of priority is made corresponding distribution control.

Above-mentioned situation is to describe with the single Control Circulation that the circuit that is total to negative pole is fully made, side circuit can be to be total to cathode circuit fully, also can be just to isolate altogether (or negative altogether), the negative altogether forms such as (or altogether just) of control, and Infinite Cyclic be gone down in a periodic manner.No matter which kind of form must guarantee the complementary overlapping relation in the energy distribution control change process between main and auxiliary load.

Fig. 8-10 further specifies the logical sequence of Fig. 7 control relation.

When energy output was lower than master's load power consumption, a point of control circuit U was always high potential, and the b point is always electronegative potential, and all energy are all distributed to main load ZZ.

Fig. 8 shows that high potential alternately appears in a of control circuit U, b when energy output is loaded power consumption a little more than the master at 2, and the long b of a is short, and most of energy is supplied with the main ZZ of load, fraction energy supply auxiliary burden ZF.

Fig. 9 shows that when energy output is medium when being higher than main load power consumption, high potential alternately appears in a of control circuit U, b at 2, and a, b are close to isometric, and energy is close to and evenly supplies with main ZZ of load and auxiliary burden ZF.

Figure 10 shows that high potential alternately appears in a of control circuit, b when energy output is much higher than master's load power consumption at 2, and a is short, and b is long, and the fraction energy is supplied with master's load ZZ, and most of energy is supplied with auxiliary burden ZF.

If energy output continues to increase or main load can not absorb energy again, the b point just may occur and be always high potential, a point is always the situation of electronegative potential, and all energy is all distributed to auxiliary burden FZ.

In the working control process, a, b two path control signal are to occur with the pulse-width modulation of 0-100% duty ratio (PWM) form.The lap (dotted line inner area) of a, b point high potential has promptly been represented that overlapping in complementary change procedure part in the sequential chart.

Claims

1. power supply input-output control unit, it is (for interchange not only rectification but also isolate by rectification/isolation, direct current is singly done isolation) device D, main load control switch ZK, auxiliary burden control switch group FK (FK0-FKN) and system controller U (can be the simple functions circuit that simulation, logical circuit are formed, also can be to add the sophisticated functions circuit that the microcomputer machine is formed) form.It is characterized in that to import earlier isolating and mark off a plurality of parallel electric energy transmitting passages; Distinguish, arrange out main load, auxiliary burden and control criterion and form by load characteristic again; Which energy distribution loaded to when by the system controller decision.Energy distribution and distribution conversion process are followed complementation, overlapping two principles.

2. parallel rectification/isolation method of adopting of control device input is not limited to import voltage, electric current, frequency (exchange, direct current), the waveform of electric weight according to claim 1.

3. parallel rectification/isolation method of adopting of control device input number of channels of being not limited to isolate according to claim 1.

4. the parallel rectification/isolation method of control device input employing just is being not limited to altogether, is bearing altogether or isolating fully according to claim 1.

5. complementation, overlapping two principles followed on time sequencing when control device carries out energy distribution and distributes conversion each output channel according to claim 1 are to realize with the widened pulse (PWM) of the overlapping complementation of multichannel, the pwm pulse duty cycle range is 0-100%, and its frequency is not limited by determined value.

6. how much be to determine that according to the character of the load of concrete passage the size of overlapping time is not limited by determined value as lap between the pwm pulse group that is used for passage control as described in the claim 5.

7. control device is not limited to the electronic switch that mechanical relay contact or active device are formed to the control switch of each output channel according to claim 1; Be not limited to cycle, the speed of switch motion.

8. be not limited to adopt negative or positive electrode control as the control switch as described in the claim 7.

9. the control device total system is not limited to adopt negative altogether, altogether just or full isolated form according to claim 1; Be not limited to altogether negative, altogether just or full isolated form on each link of system, the independence between each link of system is used flexibly.