CN1462515A - 用于IEEE802.11hWLAN中的功率控制和链接匹配的更新路径损耗估算 - Google Patents
用于IEEE802.11hWLAN中的功率控制和链接匹配的更新路径损耗估算 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种用于确定位于无线局域网(WLAN)的基本服务设备(BSS)的覆盖范围以内的多个基站之间的发送功率等级的方法和设备。接收基站测量接收到的来自发送基站的信号功率,然后根据接收到的信号功率与从输入信号中提取的发送功率等级之间的差额计算路径损耗估算值。按照预定的标准更新经过计算的路径损耗。根据经过更新的路径损耗信息,调节接收基站的发送功率等级和/或发送速率。
Description
本申请要求2001年5月10日提交的,序列号为60/290141的美国临时申请的优先权,在这里将其教导引用为参考。
本发明涉及通信系统。更具体讲,本发明涉及用于对在IEEE802.11无线局域网(WLAN)中的无线基站之间的路径损耗进行估算并且用这个值更准确地调节每个基站的发送功率等级和/或发送速率的系统和方法。
一般来说,有两种不同的无线局域网络(WLAN):基于基础设施的和特定类型的。在前一种网络中,通信典型地只发生在称为基站(STAi)的无线节点与接入点(point,AP)之间,而在后一种网络中,通信发生在无线节点之间。AP包括基站的功能,因此也是一种STA。在相同的无线电覆盖范围当中的基站和AP称为基本服务设备(BSS)。
IEEE802.11标准对无线局域网(WLAN)规定了介质访问控制(MAC)层和物理(PHY)层特性。在1999年版,International StandardISO/IEC8802-11,“信息技术——电信和系统之间的信息交换”,PartII中确定了IEEE802.11标准,这里将其全文引用为参考。
目前,IEEE802.11不提供用于给在BSS当中的无线基站之间提供动态发送功率控制(TCP)的任何机制。典型地,每个802.11 STA在其整个寿命中,对所有的帧发送使用一个固定的功率发送等级。但是,新标准802.11h力图实现动态发送功率控制(TPC)。因此,本发明提供一种改进的TPC机制,该机制可以不太复杂地在建议的802.11h MAC实现固件中实现。
本发明涉及利用通信接收器对路径损耗进行估算,从而在无线局域网(WLAN)中确定准确的发送功率控制(TPC)或者调节发送速率的系统和方法。
按照本发明的一个方面,提供了一种用于在无线局域网(WLAN)中,确定在位于基本服务设备(BSS)覆盖的区域当中的多个基站之间的发送功率等级和/或发送速率的方法。该方法包括如下步骤:测量总的接收到的输入帧的信号功率;根据所测量的接收到的信号功率和从输入帧中提取的发送功率等级之间的差额,计算路径损耗并且按照所述计算的路径损耗调节接收基站的发送功率等级和/或发送速率。
本发明的另一方面提供了一种用于在无线局域网(WLAN)中,确定位于基本服务设备(BSS)覆盖的区域中的多个基站之间的发送功率等级和/或发送速率的方法,其中每个基站具有用于发送信号的装置和用于接收信号的装置。该方法包括如下步骤:从发送基站向接收基站发送第一帧;由接收基站测量所述接收到的第一帧的接收功率等级;由接收基站从接收到的第一帧中提取发送功率等级;根据测量的接收到的信号功率和从第一帧中提取的发送功率等级之间的差额计算路径损耗;并且根据所计算的在其中接收到的路径损耗信息,调节由接收基站发送的未来帧的发送功率等级和/或发送速率。根据与计算的路径损耗信息以及一个或多个以前计算的路径损耗信息成比例的权重,确定路径损耗信息。
本发明的另一方面提供一种具有功率电路的设备,用于在无线局域网(WLAN)中确定位于基本服务设备(BSS)覆盖的区域当中的多个基站之间的发送功率等级。该设备包括:一个接收器电路,用于对输入信号进行解调;一个功率测量电路,用于测量在其中接收的输入信号的接收信号功率;一个处理器,与功率测量电路连接,用于根据接收的信号功率与从输入帧中提取的发送功率等级之间的差额,计算路径损耗信息;一个存储器,与处理器连接,用于将计算的路径损耗信息存储预定的时间周期,用于后续检索;以及,一个与处理器连接的发送器电路。
根据以下对如附图所示的优选实施例的更详细描述,将会清楚本发明的前述以及其它特征和优点,在附图中,参考字符代表所有各个附图中相同的部分。
图1为示出了要对其应用本发明的实施例的无线通信系统结构的简化框图;
图2示出了按照本发明的实施例的,在特定基本服务设备(BSS)当中的接入点和每个基站的简化框图;
图3示出了包括对SERVICE域进行修改的802.11帧的格式,它可以用于在按照本发明的实施例的基站之间发送信息;
图4为示出了按照本发明的实施例的,有选择地调节功率等级的操作步骤的流程图;
图5为示出了按照本发明的实施例的,更新每个帧接收的路径损耗的操作步骤的流程图;以及
图6为示出了按照本发明的实施例的,在帧发送之前更新路径损耗的操作步骤的流程图。
在以下的描述中,为了透彻地理解本发明,提出了一些特定细节,如具体结构、接口和技术等等,目的在于解释,而不是限制。但是,本领域技术人员应该明白,可以在脱离这些特定细节的其它实施例中实施本发明。
图1示出了要对其应用本发明实施例的典型网络。如图1所示,接入点(AP)2通过无线链接与多个基站(STAi)耦合,这些基站通过多个无线信道相互通信并且与AP通信。本发明的关键原理是提供一种装置,由帧接收基站更新和估算发送基站与接收基站之间的路径损耗。被更新的路径损耗用于通过以正好合适的功率等级和合适的发送速率发送帧来节省电池功率、避免对其它系统的干扰、调节无线电覆盖范围并且调节发送速率,但不限于此。根据不同的调制和信道编码方案,IEEE802.11的物理层(PHY)定义了多个发送速率,以便发送器能够在特定的时间,根据接收器和发送器本身之间的无线信道条件,选择多个速率中的一个速率。特征为,发送速率越低,发送越可靠。应该注意,图1所示的网络很小,用于说明。实际上,大多数网络包括大量的基站。
参照图2,图1的WLAN中的AP和每个STA可以包括具有如图2的框图所示结构的系统。AP以及STA可以包括接收器12、解调器14、功率测量电路16、存储器18、控制处理器20、计时器22、调制器24以及发送器26。图2的示范性系统10只用于说明。虽然本说明可以引用通常在描述具体移动基站中所使用的术语,但是本说明以及概念同样应用于其它处理系统,包括与图2所示结构不一样的系统。
在运行当中,接收器12和发送器26与天线(没有示出)耦合,分别通过解调器14和调制器24将接收到的信号转换为对应的数字数据以及发送理想数据。功率测量电路16在处理器20的控制下工作,通过从发送功率等级(以dBm为单位)中减去接收到的信号的强度来确定路径损耗,其中,发送功率等级是从其接收到的帧中转换过来的。对关于其它基站的路径损耗进行估算并且存储在与处理器20连接的存储器18中,用于后续检索。对关于相同的BSS中的其它基站的经过估算的路径损耗进行更新,随后用于计算发送功率等级。计时器22用于删除过时的存储在存储器18中的路径损耗估算值。在本实施例中,由于无线信道的特性随时间变化以及WLAN STA的潜在的可移动性,使路径损耗趋于改变,因此对路径损耗进行更新。
图3表示PHY协议数据单元(PPDU)帧的格式,该格式用于传送基站之间的发送功率等级信息。如图3最下面部分所示,在802.11a/hPPDU帧的SERVICE域中发送发送功率等级(由TXPWR_LEVEL表示)。将802.11a的SERVICE域做少许修改,使其包括四位TXPWR_LEVEL域。在图3的中间部分可以见到802.11a的原始SERVICE域格式。将TXPWR_LEVEL域定义为1到16,其中,每个值代表一个特定的功率发送等级。TXPWR_LEVEL用于通过从其中减去接收到的信号强度来确定路径损耗。在通过接收帧得到路径损耗之后,接收STA可以为其将来向另一个STA的发送巧妙地确定PHY速率以及发送功率。这样,直到STA做出判断,才独自确定发送功率等级和速率。应该注意:发送功率应该不超过由AP通过信标帧指定的最大发送功率;遵守802.11h的AP应该周期性地通过信标帧广播这个最大发送功率。因此,可以避免接收错误的TXPWR_LEVEL,错误的TXPWR_LEVEL会引起对系统性能的反作用。可以用扩展的纠错码进行错误检测码操作。
以下将说明按照本发明的更新路径损耗从而确定发送功率等级的操作步骤的原理。
参照图4,本发明的处理过程包括如下步骤:在步骤100中,基站STA2接收帧。在步骤110中,STA2测量接收到的帧的功率等级。测量功率等级是已知的,可以按照不同方法进行的技术。在步骤120中,STA2计算路径损耗并且更新路径损耗信息,路径损耗为发送功率等级与接收功率等级之间的差额。通过对新的和旧的路径损耗值给出不同的权将路径损耗PL更新,如下式:PL=a1*PL_new+a2*PL,(a1+a2=1,a1≥0,a2≥0),式中,PL_new表示根据新接收的帧估算的路径损耗。然后,被更新的路径损耗被用来确定需要的发送器功率,从而获得在BSS以内的理想的载波噪音比(carrier-to-noise ratio)。在步骤130中,STA2根据在步骤120中确定的调节等级调节发送功率等级和/或发送速率。
虽然在图1中示出了有限数量的STA用于说明,但是应该理解,WLAN能够支持数量很大的STA之间的通信。因此,在该图中的STA的数量不是对本发明的范围强加限制。在这种情况下,每个STA始终监视着在BSS当中的其它STA之间以及与AP之间的路径损耗,然后,当每个发送基站向另一个基站或者AP发送帧时,可以使用路径损耗估算值调节发送功率等级。对于非802.11e WLAN,仅当STA必须向其AP发送帧时,STA才需要始终监视与AP的路径损耗。这里,发送基站可能要始终监视与经由挑选的数量的STA的路径损耗以便降低复杂程度。此外,为了防止使用过时的和陈旧的路径损耗信息,本发明可以采用路径损耗信息寿命。为此,每当STA2通过接收来自STA1的帧来更新与STA1的路径损耗估算值时,STA2都会用图2的计时器22为每个被更新的路径损耗估算值设置一个计时器。这里,当STA2要发送帧时,STA2会将最近被更新的帧时间与当前时间进行比较。
图5示出了更新每个帧接收的路径损耗的原理。在步骤200中,当在步骤200中接收来自另一个基站的帧时,计算新的路径损耗估算值。在步骤210中,存储本次对路径损耗进行更新的时间,供以后使用。此后,在步骤220中,将新的路径损耗估算值与以前存储的路径损耗估算值进行比较,从而确定它们之间的差异是否小于某个路径损耗阈值。如果是,则在步骤240中,接收基站将根据特定的条件(PL=a1*PL_new+a2*PL,其中a1+a2=1,a1≥0,a2≥0)计算路径损耗,并且将重新设置标志PL_var=0。反之,则在步骤230中,接收基站将擦除旧的路径损耗信息,存储新的信息,并且设置标志PL_var=1,该标志表示改变了路径损耗信息。此后,只要路径损耗的寿命不超过某个寿命阈值,并且仅当PL_var=0时,STA2将使用被存储的从STA1接收的路径损耗信息。这种方法同样可以用于更新AP与STA之间的路径损耗信息。
图6示出了发送基站使用路径损耗信息的操作步骤。为了在步骤300中向另一个基站发送帧,在步骤310中确定是否存在用于这个其它基站的路径损耗估算值。如果没有,在步骤320中,通过交换Request-to-Send(RTS)/Clear-to-Send(CTS)帧,可以进行新的路径损耗估算。CTS/RTS帧可以在不中断服务的情况下测量路径损耗。发送基站可以通过向假设的接收STA发送RTS帧并且接收来自所述接收STA的对应CTS帧来测量路径损耗。注意,CTS帧还应该在其SERVICE域中包括发送功率等级,以便使RTS帧的发送者能够估算路径损耗。或者,在步骤320中,发送基站可以为了其帧发送而使用由在BSS当中的AP通过信标帧通告的最大功率等级。如果在步骤310中存在用于其它基站的路径损耗估算值,则在步骤330中确定路径损耗估算值的时间与当前时间的差异是否小于寿命阈值,以及是否PL_var=0。如果是,则发送基站使用在步骤310中找到的路径损耗估算值。在步骤330中,如果该差异不小于预先设置的阈值或者PL_var=1,则在步骤340中,通过RTS/CTS进行新的路径损耗估算,或者该基站可以使用由在BSS当中的AP通过信标帧通告的最大功率等级或者使用过时的或已经改变的(如果PL_var=1)路径损耗估算值。
尽管已经示出并且描述了本发明的优选实施例,但是本领域的技术人员应该明白,在不脱离本发明的真实范围的情况下,可以对其进行各种改变和修改,并且可以用等同物对其要素进行替代。此外,可以在不脱离中心范围的情况下进行许多修改,以适应特定情况以及本发明的思路。因此,意图在于不是将本发明限制于按照预期为实现本发明的最佳方式而披露的特定实施例,而是本发明包括属于所附权利要求范围以内的所有实施例。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于确定位于无线局域网(WLAN)内的基本服务设备(BSS)的覆盖范围以内的多个基站之间的发送功率等级的方法,其中,每个基站具有发送帧的装置和接收帧的装置,该方法包括如下步骤:
从发送基站向接收基站发送第一帧;
在所述接收基站测量所述接收到的第一帧的接收功率等级;
在所述接收基站从所述接收到的第一帧中提取发送功率等级;
根据所述测量的接收信号功率和从所述第一帧中提取的发送功率等级之间的差计算路径损耗信息;
根据在所述计算的路径损耗信息当中的差异,在所述接收基站调节从所述接收基站发送的后续帧的发送功率等级和/或发送速率。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,还包括以下步骤,由所述接收基站响应在其中接收到的所述经过计算的路径损耗信息,计算新的发送功率等级和/或发送速率,其中所述调节步骤是根据所述经过计算的新的发送功率等级和/或发送速率进行的。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,还包括在存储器介质中将所述计算的路径损耗信息存储预定的时间周期。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述计算所述路径损耗信息的步骤包括如下步骤:
将所述计算的路径损耗信息与以前存储的计算的路径损耗信息之间的差与一个阈值相比较;以及
根据所述计算的路径损耗的差是否超过所述阈值,有区别地更新路径损耗信息。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中,如果所述计算的路径损耗的差不超过所述阈值,则根据所述计算的路径损耗信息和以前计算的损耗信息的比例权数,更新所述路径损耗信息。
6.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中,所述调节发送功率等级和/或发送速率的步骤是根据所述计算的路径损耗的差额是否超过所述阈值进行的。
7.一种具有功率测量电路的设备,用于确定位于无线局域网(WLAN)的基本服务设备(BSS)的覆盖范围以内的多个基站之间的发送功率等级,该设备包括如下用于接收输入信号的装置:
用于对所述输入信号进行解调的装置;
用于测量其接收到的所述输入信号的接收信号功率的装置;
用于根据所述测量的接收信号功率与从输入信号中提取的发送功率等级之间的差额,计算路径损耗信息的装置;以及
用于为了后续检索而将所述计算的路径损耗信息存储的装置。
8.如权利要求7所述的设备,还包括用于调节所述接收基站的发送功率等级和/或发送速率的装置。
9.如权利要求7所述的设备,还包括用于对表明所述存储的路径损耗信息的信号进行调制的装置(24)。
10.如权利要求7所述的设备,还包括用于根据所述计算的路径损耗信息确定新的发送功率等级和/或发送速率的装置。
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US09/974,478 US6978151B2 (en) | 2001-05-10 | 2001-10-10 | Updating path loss estimation for power control and link adaptation in IEEE 802.11h WLAN |
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- 2002-05-02 JP JP2002587968A patent/JP2004533762A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-05-02 EP EP02769189A patent/EP1393465A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-05-02 KR KR10-2003-7000296A patent/KR20030059071A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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CN113261217B (zh) * | 2019-01-10 | 2023-08-18 | 高通股份有限公司 | 路径损耗估计 |
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WO2021170023A1 (zh) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-09-02 | 展讯通信(上海)有限公司 | 无线数据发送方法及装置、存储介质、终端 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20030059071A (ko) | 2003-07-07 |
CN1281001C (zh) | 2006-10-18 |
US6978151B2 (en) | 2005-12-20 |
JP2004533762A (ja) | 2004-11-04 |
EP1393465A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
US20020168993A1 (en) | 2002-11-14 |
WO2002091623A1 (en) | 2002-11-14 |
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