CN1460102A - 营养和疗效增强的肌酸盐及含有该盐的组合物 - Google Patents

营养和疗效增强的肌酸盐及含有该盐的组合物 Download PDF

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CN1460102A
CN1460102A CN02800796A CN02800796A CN1460102A CN 1460102 A CN1460102 A CN 1460102A CN 02800796 A CN02800796 A CN 02800796A CN 02800796 A CN02800796 A CN 02800796A CN 1460102 A CN1460102 A CN 1460102A
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A·鲍诺纳托
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    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
    • C07C309/01—Sulfonic acids
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    • C07C309/13—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the carbon skeleton
    • C07C309/14—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the carbon skeleton containing amino groups bound to the carbon skeleton
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    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/16—Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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    • C07C279/00—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C279/04—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of guanidine groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton
    • C07C279/14—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of guanidine groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton being further substituted by carboxyl groups

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Abstract

公开了一种新型的盐，肌酸牛磺酸盐和含有该盐的组合物(保健食品、补充食品或药物)。

Description

营养和疗效增强的肌酸盐及含有该盐的组合物
本发明的领域
本发明涉及一种稳定的和非吸湿性的营养和/或疗效增强的新型肌酸盐并且还涉及可被用作供能补充食品、营养药物(neutraceutical)、保健食品和药物的以所述盐作为活性成分的组合物。
更具体地是，这种新型化合物是肌酸与牛磺酸的盐，该盐在下文中被称作肌酸牛磺酸盐。
本发明的技术背景
过去几年间，以天然物质作为活性成分的补充食品、营养药物和保健食品变得愈来愈普遍，引起了更广大消费者的兴趣。
肌酸只不过是一种天然产品，但是由于该产品的生理活性，引起了科学界以及消费者的很大兴趣。
肌酸是一种有机的含氮化合物，该化合物大量存在于脊椎动物的骨骼肌组织中，其中大约2/3的该化合物是磷酸肌酸形式。
肌酸主要是由三个氨基酸：提供碳骨架的甘氨酸、释放脒基的精氨酸和释放甲基的蛋氨酸在肝脏和肾脏中进行生物合成的。肌酸以肌酸酐的形式随尿一起排泄出来。由于肌酸主要存在于肉食中，所以肌酸可以与食物一起被摄取。然而，为了每天摄取10g的肌酸，应当食用2.5kg的肉。外源供给与内源生物合成必须补偿每日转化成肌酸酐的肌酸量，在一个70kg体重的男性体内，该量估计大约为两克。
肌酸的生理学作用极其重要：主要在骨骼肌中，但在大脑、肝脏和肾脏中也很重要，肌酸-通过可逆地接纳ATP的磷酸基团-起着储备富含能量的磷酸根的作用。由于ATP不能以超过极其有限的阈值的量在组织中贮存，所以该反应至关重要。其在组织中的含量为ATP含量五倍的磷酸肌酸提供了磷酸基团的来源。中度消耗体力后，骨骼肌中的磷酸肌酸的含量降低程度比ATP的含量降低程度大得多，因而表明随着ATP去磷酸化，磷酸肌酸使ADP再磷酸化。
当ATP的代谢产生速率超过了ATP的利用率时，将导致磷酸肌酸的形成。因此磷酸肌酸是一种可立刻得到的能量的储备源，适合于在磷酸化代谢过程中平衡超过ATP合成速率的能量需求。
如果肌酸的摄取伴随着持续的身体劳顿，那么由于肌酸能够增强骨骼的肌肉系统，所以它主要被运动员和冒险家所采用。肌酸的摄入能够降低脂肪而增加骨骼肌。近来的研究已经表明肌酸与碳水化合物的联合摄入由于胰岛素的产生而增强了肌酸的效力，在肌酸输给肌肉细胞的过程中可能发挥作用的单糖能够刺激胰岛素的产生。
牛磺酸(2-氨基乙磺酸)是人体内最丰富的氨基酸之一：它被发现于中枢神经系统内，骨骼肌内，尤其集中在脑部和心脏内。
很早就得知它是哺乳动物生长和发育过程中的必需营养成分，事实上，它存在于母乳中并且对小脑和视网膜的发育特别重要。
牛磺酸还执行一种非常重要的代谢功能：在胆汁中，胆汁酸与牛磺酸结合从而分别形成脱氧甘胆酸和牛磺胆酸。
胆汁酸的盐具有降低溶液表面张力的重要特性。由于这个原因，它们成为良好的乳化剂并且对肠道中的脂类吸收和消化发挥着重要的作用。
牛磺酸的缺乏与视网膜退化有关。糖尿病患者的血液和血小板中的牛磺酸含量通常很低。已表明给胰岛素-依赖型糖尿病患者施用牛磺酸可降低血小板的凝集水平并且可预防阻碍视网膜血管中的血凝集的视网膜病。
而且，牛磺酸模拟和支持胰岛素发挥作用，该特性被发现于1942年并且最近“被重新发现”[Amer.Clin.Intr.，71：54-58(2000)]，并且牛磺酸能够促进肌酸的吸收。
如今已经发现具有以下结构式的新型肌酸牛磺酸盐是一种稳定的、非吸湿性的对肌酸和牛磺酸具有协同作用的化合物。在下表中，列出了由肌肉细胞摄入的葡萄糖的增加量相对于胰岛素量的百分率。
                        表1
    物质            克          葡萄糖摄入
    牛磺酸           2.5          15-18％
    肌酸一水化物     2.5          1-2％
    牛磺酸+肌酸      5.0          18-20％
    肌酸牛磺酸盐     5.0          25-28％
在下列实施例中，给出了本发明所述化合物的制备方法和物理化学特性。
                       实施例
                肌酸牛磺酸盐(BS227)
将14.9g(0.1摩尔)的肌酸一水化物和12.5g(0.1摩尔)的牛磺酸溶解在最小量的水中。在得到的所述溶液中加入异丁醇并在真空下通过共沸蒸馏浓缩如此获得的混合物。将获得的剩余物用丙酮进行吸收、过滤后在恒温烘箱中于40℃下过夜进行真空干燥。
获得了25.3g的肌酸牛磺酸盐白色晶状固体，产率：93.7％。用甲醇结晶如此获得的盐结果产生具有与原料相同理化性质的大结晶体。
M.P.147-149℃
K.F.1.2％
pH6.5(c＝1％)
元素分析：    C％      H％      N％      S％
计算值：    28.15      6.25       21.8       12.5
实测值：    28.01      6.11       21.82      12.39
NMR：D2O＝3.9(2H，S，CH2-COOH)；3.4-3.3(2H，t，NH-CH2)；3.2-3.1(2H，t，CH2-SO3)；3(3H，s，N-CH3)
HPLC：柱子：Hypersil APS-2(5μm)200×4.4；
温度：30℃流动相：CH3CN/H2O+0.05M-KH2PO4/CH3CN(65-35v/v)；用H3PO4将pH调到4.7流速：0.7ml/分钟：牛磺酸：Rt＝5.3；肌酸：Rt＝7.3
本发明的以肌酸磺酸盐作为活性成分的组合物除了含有药剂学领域中的普通技术人员所选择的常用药用赋形剂外还可以含有其它活性成分，氨基酸，抗氧化剂，无机物，维生素和辅酶。
尽管没有限制，但这些其它成分的优选实例是α-硫辛酸(其抗氧化剂和清除毒性金属的活性早已被得知)，L-肉毒碱，乙酰L-肉毒碱，辅酶Q10和无机物的生物可利用形式如硒、镁和锌，例如硒蛋氨酸。
所述组合物能以片剂、咀嚼片剂、胶囊、小药囊、颗粒剂、粉剂、糖浆剂和滴剂的形式进行给药。单位剂量形式的所述组合物含有大约50至500mg，优选地大约150至250mg的肌酸牛磺酸盐。

Claims (7)

1.下式所示的肌酸牛磺酸盐：
2.一种以肌酸牛磺酸盐作为活性成分并含有药用赋形剂的组合物。
3.如权利要求2所述的组合物，含有至少一种选自活性成分，氨基酸，抗氧化剂，无机物，维生素和辅酶的其它组分。
4.如权利要求3所述的组合物，其中所述其它成分选自L-肉毒碱，乙酰L-肉毒碱，α-硫辛酸，辅酶Q10和硒、镁和锌的生物可利用化合物。
5.权利要求2至4任一项所述的组合物，该组合物为片剂、咀嚼片剂、胶囊、小药囊、颗粒剂、粉剂、糖浆剂和滴剂的形式。
6.权利要求2至5任一项所述的组合物，该组合物为单位剂量形式，其含有50至500mg，优选地150至250mg的肌酸牛磺酸盐。
7.权利要求2至6任一项所述的组合物，作为供人类消费的补充食品、营养药物、保健食品或药物。
CN02800796A 2001-03-23 2002-03-19 营养和疗效增强的肌酸盐及含有该盐的组合物 Pending CN1460102A (zh)

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IT1316998B1 (it) * 2000-03-02 2003-05-26 Sigma Tau Healthscience Spa Composizione per la prevenzione e/o il trattamento degli effetticitotossici indotti dall'uso di agenti immunosoppressori.
DE10208568A1 (de) * 2002-02-27 2003-09-18 Degussa Bioactives Deutschland Verbindung, enthaltend Kreatin, eine Säure-Komponente und/oder einen Komplex-Bildner
US20040186782A1 (en) * 2003-03-21 2004-09-23 Andrew Schydlowsky Custom food
ITRM20040143A1 (it) 2004-03-19 2004-06-19 Biosalts Srl Sale di creatina ad aumentato valore nutrizionale e terapeutico e composizioni che lo contengono.
JP5119509B2 (ja) * 2006-05-18 2013-01-16 ビーエイチエヌ株式会社 活動意欲向上剤
US7329763B1 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-02-12 New Cell Formulations Ltd Creatine pyroglutamic acid salts and methods for their production and use in individuals
WO2008031212A1 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-03-20 New Cell Formulations Ltd. Creatine pyroglutamic acid salts and methods for their production and use in individuals
US20080153897A1 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-06-26 New Cell Formulations Ltd. Creatine pyroglutamic acid salts and methods for their production and use in individuals
EP2269980A4 (de) 2008-12-24 2011-05-18 Vertex Closed Joint Stock Company Creatinamide, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und wirkstoff zur ausführung einer neuroprotektiven aktion
US20090312419A1 (en) * 2009-08-12 2009-12-17 Kneller Bruce W CREATINE -ßALANINATE: A NOVEL SALT FOR INCREASING ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE
WO2011019348A1 (en) * 2009-08-12 2011-02-17 Kneller Bruce W CREATINE β-ALANINATE: A NOVEL SALT FOR INCREASING ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE
RU2428414C2 (ru) 2009-11-03 2011-09-10 Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Вертекс" Способ получения амидов креатина

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US5817329A (en) * 1997-02-28 1998-10-06 Gardiner; Paul T. Nutritional supplement for increased muscle size and strength for body builders
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WO2002076931A1 (en) 2002-10-03
CA2408528A1 (en) 2002-10-03
EP1292570A1 (en) 2003-03-19
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