CN1458570A - Toneless double spelling phonetic basic syllable coding method and its keyboard - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of toneless double-spelling phonetic basic syllable coding method and keyboard. The Chinese character coding method has the features of classifying based on head vowels, arranging based on phonetic order, head vowel plus main vowel and upper and lower corresponding, key site sharing by two vowels without common consonant, etc. The present invention has the simple, clear and easy-to-memory key site definition and strong regulations, is coincident with common habit, and has no duplication code.

Description

Basic syllable coding method of the phonetic of toneless double spelling and keyboard thereof

Technical field the present invention relates to the coding method of the basic syllable of a kind of Chinese phonetic alphabet, and it is to retrieve, use the custom of syllable comprehensively to form according to the basic theories and the daily sound preface of utilizing of people of " Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet ".

The retrospective analysis of background technology tradition phonetic input.The input of tradition phonetic has two big classes: the one, and spelling, the 2nd, Two bors d's oeuveres (claiming simplicity again).The spelling input operation is simple, but exists the workload of input (as: to adorn zhuang, import letter six times) greatly and the phonetically similar word coincident code problem; Two bors d's oeuveres input makes the input service amount reduce (as: dress av, twice get final product) by the keyboard definition, and key coding is difficult to be remembered and the phonetically similar word coincident code problem but exist.The user will remember coding with certain energy, and this is relatively headache really concerning non-professional typing person (most computer user).

Except pure phonetic sign indicating numbers such as spelling, Two bors d's oeuveres, the phoneme-shape code input method that also has a lot of similar phonetic inputs, the way that they all add font code by the sound sign indicating number solves the phonetically similar word obstacle of phonetic input, generally be to add a font code behind the Two bors d's oeuveres (simplicity) to confirm, to reach the raising input efficiency by the repetition rate of coding that reduces.Although the phonetic-stroke code input is compared the repetition rate of coding with the Two bors d's oeuveres input and decreased, increased the difficulty of key coding memory.If professional typing person, should be able to reach the effect that their design proposal is envisioned, but most after all computer user is the layman who does not often typewrite, these people are when using phonetic-stroke code, not only to remember the key coding of sound sign indicating number, also will divine by means of characters, look for radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries to remember the key coding of font code, though pithy formula is arranged mostly, but sound, shape belong to two kinds of forms of thought after all, make that the difficulty of input is bigger.

Elaboration might as well, superfine product, if most of computer user is liked using, could generally promote.In fact most computer user (particularly a large amount of computers enter young people's family), they mainly are according to the statement input of thinking at that time in the brain with the computer input characters, rather than seeing that word, the speech finished writing in advance import, generally be while thinking deeply, keystroke, revise on one side, they are not high to the rate request of Chinese character input.Concerning these people, when selecting input scheme, what be ready most to accept is: the scheme of learning and don't forgeing easily easily, preferably be used in the knowledge of having learned in the school age education encode (present computer user was accepted the pinyin learning of system mostly when primary school, use phonetic retrieval, combine the memory content that Chinese character becomes " common-sense " into syllables).So, the input method of other existing " advanced person ", because of the user seldom uses can not skillfully import the time, the user just thirsts for using the phonetic input with the phonetic knowledge of having learned.Therefore, no matter which kind of input method, the phonetic input still occupies an important position in vast computer user, and this also is that state education department popularizes the good basis of using mandarin to lay for many years in an all-round way.

Spelling input method used inconvenient main cause to be in the past: the coincident code problem of phonetically similar word.Really simple angle from certain word is very serious, as: what the phonetically similar word of this syllable of yi was commonly used just has 15 kinds, in addition be of little use in addition.The phonetic input hypothesis of Chinese in recent years reduces the repetition rate of coding by importing by the monosyllable input redirect word of various rigorous coding rules (may also be loaded down with trivial details).The author has also made a statistics, in " PSC outline " (the Jilin People's Press, Liu compiles according to the ruler of great talent and bold vision) in the book, dual-syllable words accounts for 91.2% of whole single, double syllable words unexpectedly, and dual-syllable words commonly used has also accounted for 79.15% of words commonly used in this table in the table one.Be defined as example with the Intelligent ABC double spelling key-position: 24 consonant keys (containing zero initial), 26 final keys, can form 624 codings in theory, be certain to occur repeated code with this coding to several ten thousand words, if word? the dual-syllable words coding has 778752 groups in theory, 200,000 dictionary has been big dictionary in actual the use, and as the user of mandarin word, 25000 groups of words just can satisfy the needs that ordinary language exchanges.The repetition rate of coding of the whole statement of word input can the reduction really.So over past ten years, many good phonetic Input Softwares have embodied the characteristics of high capacity dictionary " being input as guidance with speech ", even adopting the whole sentence conversion regime of statement, this is higher level, (so-called whole sentence conversion regime is user's phonetic of the whole word of input continuously, computer selects speech automatically according to upper and lower literary composition, manually participle, select candidate's word), so both guaranteed user's thinking smoothness, improved the efficient of input again greatly.The mad assembly of intelligence, Intelligent ABC, Microsoft's phonetic etc. are exactly the representative of spelling input method in recent years.New spelling input method is also in fuzzy sound processing, self study with make aspects such as speech automatically and all be greatly improved.Spelling input method has enlarged its user scope again.

Since it has not been the major obstacle of sound sign indicating number that the repeated code of encode Chinese characters for computer is selected, what inconvenience does it also have so? inconvenience for double-spelling Chinese character input method is exactly previously described: the difficult memory of key coding.Make a general survey of several spelling keyboard key position definition of generally using (as Chinese Star, Microsoft's phonetic, Intelligent ABC), the definition difference of general initial consonant is little, and the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable definition then has nothing in common with each other.But these spelling input methods also exist the problem of the difficult note of coding, do not meet the custom law of thought that most of people combine into syllables, spell.The scheme that rule is not strong is difficult to allow the people grasp use for a long time, special personnel for amateur typewriting.So the definition of consonant, vowel in the key position of Two bors d's oeuveres input should be satisfied science more, easier learning and Memory, more meet the principle of most of people's phonetic laws of thought, becomes the key that solves the problem of the difficult note of key coding in the Two bors d's oeuveres input.

What basic syllable coding method of the phonetic of summary of the invention the present invention-toneless double spelling and keyboard thereof will solve is the problem of the difficult note of present Two bors d's oeuveres input key coding.

The theoretical foundation of foundation of the present invention is the sound preface that the National People's Congress in 1958 passes through the basic syllable of phonetic that " Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet " and " Xinhua dictionary " (revised edition in 1998) adopt.

In " Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet ", the rhythm matrix of the Chinese phonetic alphabet has four row: first row are simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable (being referred to as main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable among the present invention) of no i, u, ü alliteration; Second and third, four row are to be the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of alliteration with i, u, ü respectively, and are the relation one to one of " alliteration adds main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ".As: the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable an (peace) of first row corresponding second and third, four simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable that are listed as are respectively: ian (cigarette), uan (bending), ü an (deep pool).It is similar to the word-building of " prefix adds root " of English that alliteration adds main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable.

The sound preface be when looking into word (speech) allusion quotation the retrieval syllable unique sequence rule of following.When we looked into certain word (speech), what retrieve that its syllable takes was: letter retrieval one by one from left to right.The rhythm matrix of " Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet " is become the row of classifying as, each row's simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable is arranged by the sound preface again, obtain a rhythm matrix so again, it has the advantages that laterally arrange, vertically be " alliteration adds main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, and is corresponding up and down " by the sound preface.It is the sound preface and the combining of simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable (by the alliteration classification).As follows:

a ai an ang ao e ei en eng o ong ou

i ia ian iang iao ie in ing iong iu

u ua uai uan uang ui un ueng uo

ü üan üe ün

The QWERTY keyboard letter key is three rows, and basic ideas of the present invention are exactly: the single-letter initial consonant is defined in former letter key, and biliteral initial consonant zh, ch, sh and zero initial are defined in A, V, E, O letter key respectively; Single vowel e, u, i, o are defined in former letters case; The first row simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable (main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable) of " Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet " rhythm matrix is entered centre commonly used one row (single vowel e, o definite division are outer), and order is pressed sound preface definition key position successively from left to right; With i, u be alliteration simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable according to the relation of " alliteration adds main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, corresponding up and down " respectively definition key be positioned at two rows; With ü (in) be the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of alliteration by " not having common initial consonant " principle, be defined in a letter key jointly with the part simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable that with u is alliteration.

Like this totally 10 of a middle row's simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable (add again outside nine letter keys one "; " key).What other single vowel e, u, i, o were defined in that former letter key mainly considers is often also can use English alphabet in daily use keyboard process, as with their displacement definition, and may be inconvenient in Chinese and English input method conversion back.The present invention encode used " a～z " 26 letter keys and "; " key, totally 27 key positions.

The definition of the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of key position coding is arranged according to the sound preface in the keyboard, meets the custom of looking into word (speech) allusion quotation Chinese character retrieval pinyin syllable in the daily study and work of people.Xinhua dictionary (or modern Chinese dictionary) is the crucial learning tool of pupil and even Adults learning's Chinese, has grasped the arrangement regulation that the method for looking into word (speech) allusion quotation with the sound preface has just been grasped simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable key coding of the present invention.

The prerequisite that two simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable are defined in a letter key is must satisfy the principle of " not having common initial consonant " to avoid repeated code, as having: totally ten three of d, t, g, k, h, zh, ch, sh, r, z, c, s, w, and have only: six of n, l, j, q, x, y with initial consonant that simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ü e (pact) pieces together mutually with initial consonant that simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ui pieces together mutually.Two common initial consonants of piecing together mutually of simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable neither one.Simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ü e (pact) and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ui have just satisfied the principle of " not having common initial consonant " like this, and two simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable can be defined in a key position, thereby have avoided repeated code.By the principle of " not having common initial consonant ", definable has following rule in the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of same key position:

Simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable er can with i, u, ü (in) be any simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position of alliteration.

Simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ua uai uang can be respectively with i, ü (in) be (except that single vowel i) any simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position of alliteration.

Simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ui can with simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable in, ü (in), any simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position among the ü e (pact).

4. simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable iong can be respectively and any simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position of a, e, o, u beginning.

5. the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ê (Hey that seldom uses), m (not having), n (), ng () can with i, ü (in) be arbitrary simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position of alliteration: simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ê (Hey), n () can also with the arbitrary simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position of u as alliteration.

The principle that should take " room is close similar " that in the location, can not meet " alliteration adds main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, corresponding up and down " principle for the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable that with i, u, ü is alliteration, as: it should be defined in the E key to simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ian by " alliteration adds main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, corresponding up and down " principle, but simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ian and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable e do not satisfy the principle of " not having common initial consonant ", the W key simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable room (not having this simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of iai) on next door, it is defined in the W key, profile is very similar to " iai ", principle that Here it is " room is close similar ".

The location of biliteral initial consonant considers that mainly zh and z, ch and c, sh and s are corresponding flat, tongue sticking up initial consonant, by corresponding principle location nearby.The requirement of Two bors d's oeuveres input is exactly that each basic syllable coding all contains a rhythm, and the definition of zero initial is exactly in order to piece together with the rhythm parent phase of no initial consonant, to form a complete no tuning joint coding.The most vivid with the o key.Because i, u, ü (in) be the zero initial of the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of alliteration, the existing regulation of the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet: be respectively y, w, y, so the zero initial among the present invention is refered in particular to the zero initial of use before the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of a, e, o beginning.Description of drawings is by above-mentioned syllable coding method, and with reference to Figure of description, the technical scheme of the key position of the keyboard that the present invention is concrete definition is:

(1) the single-letter initial consonant is former keyboard letter key position, and biliteral initial consonant zh, ch, sh, zero initial are defined in A, V, E, O letters case respectively.

(2) single vowel e, u, i, o also are former keyboard letter key position.

(3) simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable with a, e, o beginning enters centre commonly used one row, order press the definition successively from left to right of sound preface, that is: A, a S who arranges in the middle of a, ai, an, ang, ao, ei, en, eng, ong, ou are defined in respectively successively, D, F, G, H, J, K, L and "; " key.

(4) be that simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ia, ian, iang, iao, ie, iong, the iu of alliteration is defined in a top row's Q, W, R, T, Y, O, P key respectively successively by the principle of " alliteration adds main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, corresponding up and down " or " room is close similar " (ian, ie can only satisfy " room is close similar " principle with i, in, ing, satisfied " not having common initial consonant " principle have to be put into the back and handle, and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable iong and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable o satisfy " not having common initial consonant " principle public key position).

(5) be that simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ua, uai, uan, uang, uo, ui, the un of alliteration is defined in a following row's Z, X, C, V, B, N, M key (simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable uo satisfies " room is close similar " principle) respectively successively by the principle of " alliteration adds main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, corresponding up and down ", " room is close similar " with u.With ü be alliteration simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ü (in), ü an (deep pool), ü e (pact), ü n (cloud) be defined in Z, C, N, M key (respectively with simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ua, uan, ui, un public key position) respectively successively by " alliteration adds main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, corresponding up and down " or " room is close similar " principle.

(6) lucky and satisfied " not having common initial consonant " principle of uai, uang of Sheng Xia simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable in, ing is defined in X, V key (respectively with simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable uai, uang public key position) respectively successively by sound preface in, ing.

(7) simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable er is defined in R key (simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable er and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable iang satisfy " not having common initial consonant " principle can public key position).The simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ê (Hey of Shi Yonging seldom) m (not having) n () ng () is defined in W, R, U, I key (respectively with simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ian, iang, u, i public key position) respectively successively by the principle of sound preface, " not having common initial consonant ", " room is close similar ".

The character explanation of key position: there are three layers of character (having only of no simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position is two-layer) each key position, the character on the left side, upper strata is key-position letter (capitalization), the character on the right, upper strata is the initial consonant (small letter) of key position mapping, the middle level and character lower floor are the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of key position mapping, middle definition earlier, the principle of " not having common initial consonant " is all satisfied in the back definition of lower floor, the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of all public key positions.

Below be that A " zh " B " b " C " c " D " d " E " sh " F " f " G " g " H " h " I does not have J " j " K " k " L " l " M " m " N " n " O " zero initial " P " p " Q " q " R " r " S " s " T " t " U does not have V " ch " W " w " Y " y " Z " z " for the mapping relations (" " in for initial consonant) of key position and initial consonant

Below be mapping relations (being simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable in " ") A " a " B " uo " C " uan; ü an " D " an " E " e " F " ang " G " ao " H " ei " I " i; ng () " J " en " K " eng " L " ong " M " un; ü n " N " ui; ü e " O " o; iong " P " iu " Q " ia " R " iang of key position and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, er " S " ai " T " iao " U " u, n () " V " uang, ing " and W " ian, ê (Hey) " X " uai, in " Y " ie, m (not having) " Z " ua, ü "; " ou "

Below be simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable and key position mapping relations (the naturetone preface pressed in simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, is the key position in " ") a " A " ai " S " an " D " ang " F " ao " G " e " E " ê " W " ei " H " ei " J " eng " K " er " R " i " I " ia " Q " ian " W " iang " R " iao " T " ie " Y " in " X " ing " V " iong " O " iu " P " m (not having) " Y " n () " U " ng () " I " o " O " ong " L " ou "; " formation of basic single syllable coding that do not have to transfer of u " U " ua " Z " uai " X " uan " C " uang " V " ui " N " un " M " uo " B " ü " Z " ü an " C " ü e " N " ü n " M " (above listed simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ê (Hey) m (not having) n () ng () seldom uses) embodiment any: according to the mapping relations of above-mentioned initial consonant or simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable and institute definition key position, import monosyllabic initial consonant and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable successively.

The present invention is suitable for the whole sentence input of noiseless tuning joint

For example: I love Tian An-men, Beijing

There is not the spelling of accent: Wo ' ai beijing tian ' anmen

The present invention: woosbhjv twodmj

The present invention provides whole basic syllable codings of the Chinese phonetic alphabet for the user, and none repeated code.

Application prospect of the present invention: country had issued since " Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet " in 1958, had begun the popularization of mandarin in the whole country, especially in fields such as teaching, broadcasting, governments.Full-time student since the 60 to 70's, systematic learning is crossed the Chinese phonetic alphabet basically.Middle nineteen nineties, teacher and civil servant begin progressively to carry out that to hold corresponding mandarin grading certificate on duty.Teacher, civil servant in mandarin is examined for the levels training process, the Chinese phonetic alphabet of having learned when having strengthened primary school again.Initial consonant, simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable are formed a basic syllable jointly and by the look up the dictionary pinyin syllable of Chinese character retrieval of sound preface, have been the operation skill of people's " common-sense ".Based on above reason, just laid firm foundations, and large quantities of crowds that use this coding method are provided for use coding of the present invention.The present invention, basic syllable coding method of the phonetic of toneless double spelling and keyboard thereof have comprised the basic syllable of all Chinese phonetic alphabet (Xinhua dictionary revised edition in 2002).Just because the present invention derives from the basic theories and the daily custom of utilizing the sound preface to retrieve, use syllable of people of " Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet ", make the present invention have concisely, easily learn easily note, characteristics such as unforgettable, " the difficult note of key coding " this difficult problem provides a good scheme in the present Two bors d's oeuveres input in order to solve.Along with pushing away deepening continuously of general work, suitable crowd of the present invention also will get more and more; Simultaneously, along with application in practice of the present invention, also will play facilitation to the popularization of mandarin.

Claims (2)

1. the coding method and the keyboard of the basic syllable of phonetic of a toneless double spelling is characterized in that:

(1) utilize 26 letter keys of QWERTY keyboard, add "; " key, totally 27 key positions are as code element; The single-letter initial consonant is defined in former letter key, and biliteral initial consonant zh, ch, sh and zero initial (using before the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable with a, e, o beginning in the no initial sounds joint) are defined in A, V, E, O letter key respectively; Single vowel e, u, i, o are defined in former letters case; Enter centre commonly used one row (single vowel e, o definite division are outer) with the first row simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable (main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable) of " Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet " rhythm matrix, order is pressed sound preface definition key position successively from left to right; " not having common initial consonant " principle should be satisfied in two simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key positions; With i, u be alliteration simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable according to the relation of " alliteration adds main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, corresponding up and down " respectively definition key be positioned at two rows, with ü (in) be alliteration simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable respectively with the part simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position that with u is alliteration; The simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable that with i, u, ü is alliteration be can not determine the key position by " alliteration adds main simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, corresponding up and down " principle, by the true fixed key position of principle or indivedual definition key position of " room is close similar ", but must satisfy " not having common initial consonant " principle; The simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable that often uses does not define individually by " not having common initial consonant " principle.

(2) mapping relations of key position and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable are set at: (being simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable in " ") A " a " B " uo " C " uan; ü an " D " an " E " e " F " ang " G " ao " H " ei " I " i; ng () " J " en " K " eng " L " ong; iong " M " un; ü n " N " ui " O " o; iong " P " iu " Q " ia " R " iang, er " S " ai " T " iao " U " u, n () " V " uang, ing " and W " ian, ê (Hey) " X " uai, in " Y " ie, m (not having) " Z " ua, ü "; " ou "

(3) formation of the basic single syllable coding of any nothing accent:, import monosyllabic initial consonant and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable successively according to the mapping relations of above-mentioned initial consonant or simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable and institute definition key position.

2. according to the coding method of right 1 described basic syllable, the principle of " not having common initial consonant " should be satisfied in two simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key positions, it is characterized in that: simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable er can with i, u, ü (in) be any simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position of alliteration; Simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ua, uai, uang can be respectively with i, ü (in) be (except that single vowel i) any simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position of alliteration; Simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ui can with simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable in, ü (in), any simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position of ü e (pact); Simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable iong can be any simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position of alliteration with simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable a, o, e, u; Simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ê (Hey), m (not having), n (), ng () can with i, ü (in) be arbitrary simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position of alliteration; Simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable ê (Hey), n () can also with the arbitrary simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable public key position that with u is alliteration.