CN1457229A - Nonfrontal module impact resistant vibration isolator - Google Patents

Abstract

The vibration isolator is modular safe buffer device for electric system using standard general rack born the strong impact suitable to electronic equipment cabin. The isolator is in modular structure. The vibration reduction spring part, the damping spring part and the connection part are formed the main spring module, the damping buffering module and the erection joint module. The case shell of the isoaltor is composed of the base 16, the bottom plate 15 and the upper cover 17. There are the pad cover 13, the straight spring leaf 10 and the curved spring leaf 14 on the bottom plate is sequence. The spring snap ring 9 is fixed on the outside of the upper part of the spring leaf and the curved spring leaf. The two ends of main spring 6 are tightened on the regulating nut 4 and the bottom plate 15.

Description

Modular-Type Non-Peak Shock Isolator

One, technical field

The present invention is a kind of electromechanical equipment vibration isolation buffering device.Especially a kind of electronic system, modular, safe vibration isolation buffering device that adopts the standard universal rack and bear thump in electronics bay that be applicable to belongs to the technical field that vibration isolator is made.

Two, background technology

The vibration of marine electronic equipment (system) when being subjected to normally navigating by water, impact, wave etc. the mechanical environment, also may be subjected to underwater explosions such as submarine mine, torpedo, our weapon emission and enemy's weapon in wartime and the thump excitation that causes such as hit.

In order to quicken the standardization of naval vessels electronic equipment, generalization and modularization process, assembling electronic equipment (system) must adopt rack, the indication control board of regulation overall dimension and connecting mode, and the vibration isolator working depth must the compliant regulation.In unidimensional rack, at first, because the electronic equipment (system) of difference in functionality has different mass M; Secondly under the identical condition of mass M, because rack barycenter (C) position (x of distinct device _c, y _c, z _c) differ greatly, the actual bearer amount of each supporting point of rack is also unequal.Therefore, require the overall dimension, mounting means of vibration isolator and load after working depth H ₀Must be identical, and the actual bearer amount of each vibration isolator has very big difference.In order to obtain to have the resonance of inhibition, reduce the adverse effect and anti-vibration and shock system of coupled vibrations with resisting strong impact characteristic, according to the vibration control design theory, the vibration isolator of selecting for use must satisfy following requirement:

1, with a certain axes of coordinates in plane orthogonal, the vibration isolator center of rigidity of selecting for use in the same rack must be approached mass centre's (being barycenter C), preferably overlaps, this just requires to form the actual support moment w of each vibration isolator of vibrating isolation system _{J (j=1,2,3,4)}With spring rate K _{J (j=1,2,3,4)}, the single-mode system natural frequency f separately of composition _{Ni (j=1,2,3,4)}, should with rack total weight W _TAnd global stiffness

Kj forms the natural frequency f of the single-mode system of rack _NTRelative error Δ B _fSatisfy ${\mathrm{\ΔB}}_f=\frac{|f_{\mathrm{nT}}-f_{\mathrm{nj}}|}{f_{\mathrm{nT}}}\×100\%\≤10\%----\left(1\right)$

In the formula $f_{\mathrm{nT}}=\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\π}}\sqrt{\frac{K_{T}g}{W_T}}\left(\mathrm{Hz}\right)----\left(a\right)$ $f_{\mathrm{nj}}=\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\π}}\sqrt{\frac{K_{j}g}{W_j}}\left(\mathrm{Hz}\right)j=\mathrm{1,2,3,4}----\left(b\right)$

Gross mass M when single electronic equipment cabinet _TBetween difference when 100 ~ 500kg scope, add eccentric influence, inevitable requirement bearing capacity scope of single vibration isolator under the identical appearance size condition should be 25kg ~ 150kg.The no resonance peak vibration isolator of having used at present (85.1.00564.0), damp adjustable resonance-free peak vibration isolator does not all meet above-mentioned requirements.

2, it is fair that existing no resonance peak vibration isolator bears the thump performance in vertical direction.But when carrying out thump in the horizontal direction, cause that easily reed flexural deformation is big, even fracture.Its reason is:

1. ring was too little with the base inner wall contact-making surface under conical ring outer rim and loam cake inwall reached, and for the line contact, was that the rigid shock contact stress is big during horizontal impact in theory;

2. after straight reed and cap were transferred to the damping of required inhibition resonance, (Fig. 1) was excessive for the gap delta between bending spring sheet and cap, at present δ ≈ 1 ~ 1.5mm.Only after straight reed produced the δ distortion, the bending spring sheet was just started working.Thereby easily cause straight reed to produce permanent deformation even fracture.

3. reed upper end freely-supported when being subjected to horizontal impact, can not limit the corner distortion in split ring.

Three, summary of the invention

1, technical problem

The object of the invention provides a kind of overall dimension and identical, the single vibration isolator bearing capacity of installation dimension differs greatly but natural frequency is very approaching and can bear the Modular-Type Non-Peak Shock Isolator of thump.

2, technical scheme

The present invention is a kind of Modular-Type Non-Peak Shock Isolator, by shock-absorbing spring, damping spring, and bindiny mechanism formed, this vibration isolator adopts modular construction, and shock-absorbing spring part, damping spring part, bindiny mechanism's part are constituted main spring module, damping buffering spring module and mounting connection structure module respectively; Wherein, the main spring module comprises the hexagonal circle, regulates bolt, adjusting nut, pin, main spring, damping buffering spring module comprises cap, conical ring, " O " type circle A, split ring, straight reed, " O " type circle B, following ring, cushion cover, bending spring sheet, and the mounting connection structure module comprises base plate, base, loam cake; This vibration isolator is body frame with the base, lower thread in base connects base plate, loam cake is threaded on the top of base, the shell of forming this vibration isolator, on base plate, be provided with cushion cover, the lower end of straight reed and bending spring sheet is positioned on the cushion cover, is pressed on the cushion cover by the lower end of encircling straight reed and bending spring sheet down, and " O " type circle B is enclosed within down on the excircle of ring; The outside in the upper end of straight reed and bending spring sheet is fixed with split ring, is provided with conical ring on the split ring excircle, is provided with " O " type circle A on the conical ring excircle; There is the outwards annular limit of folding of a circle lower end of cap, this limit is positioned at straight reed and the bandy position of bending spring sheet, the top of cap is enclosed within on the excircle of regulating the bolt middle part, top is fixed by the hexagonal circle, be connected with adjusting nut in the lower end of regulating bolt, two ends of main spring tightly are enclosed within on adjusting nut and the base plate respectively, straight reed is for suppressing the reed of resonance, the bending spring sheet is the reed that resisting strong impact is used, these two kinds of reeds distribute alternately on the circumference of cushion cover and split ring, the cone-apex angle of split ring and conical ring is 40 °～50 °, the inboard, upper end of split ring has a cannelure, the upper end of straight reed and bending spring sheet is enclosed within the groove, on the excircle of following ring and conical ring, is equipped with the arc circular groove, embed " O " type circle A and " O " type circle B respectively.

(1) rigidity of the natural frequency of vibrating isolation system and flexible member module

1. according to the natural frequency f of electronic device works environmental quality and the preferred vibrating isolation system of Theory of Vibration _n: $f_n=\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\π}}\sqrt{\frac{k_0}{m_0}}\left(\mathrm{Hz}\right)----\left(2\right)$ In the formula: k ₀-vibrating isolation system global stiffness (N/mm); k ₀Equal n supporting vibration isolator rigidity k _iSum, that is: $k_0=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{k}_i$

m ₀-standard cabinet is formed the gross mass (kg) of electronic equipment

2. the weight range w of the electronic equipment that standard cabinet is formed is divided into j (j=1,2,3,4,5,6...) individual little carrying scope w _j, with w _jIntermediate value w _JmBe the nominal load of vibration isolator, upper and lower limiting value is respectively w _Jm± 20%w _Jm, i.e. w _j=0.8w _Jm~ 1.2w _JmMake each upper and lower ultimate bearing value among a small circle be connected (or covering mutually) mutually, get final product the weight range (as shown in table 1) of overlay electronic equipment.

For example, naval's military standard 68-92 " electronic equipment indication control board, cabinet, rack general specification " has stipulated size, the vibration isolator height H of cabinet and rack ₀But the total weight scope of the electronic equipment that single rack is formed can change between 100dN ~ 600dN.Have than the large eccentricity situation as four vibration isolators of rack bottom installation and consideration, can be with the nominal load and the little carrying scope w of single vibration isolator _jList in table 1.

Table 1 (dN)

3. the rigidity k of modularization main spring _j

Nominal load w with each little carrying scope _JmBe quality criteria, with the natural frequency f of vibrating isolation system requirement _nNatural frequency f for vibration isolator _n, the rigidity k of modularization main spring then _jFor: $k_j={4\mathrm{\π}}^2{f_n}^2\frac{w_{\mathrm{jm}}}{g}N/\mathrm{mm}----\left(1\right)$ In the formula: g-acceleration of gravity M/s ²

f _nThe natural frequency Hz that-vibrating isolation system requires

w _Jm-nominal load, the intermediate value load dN (1dN=10N) of promptly little load range

At vibrating isolation system natural frequency f _nAfter determining,, can obtain the rigidity k of modularization cylindrically coiled spring (hereinafter to be referred as main spring) with the parameter substitution formula (1) in the table 1 _jk _jDetermine by following formula:

In the formula: the shearing Young's modulus N/mm of G--main spring material ²

The firm filament diameter mm of d--main spring material

The number of active coils of n--main spring

D _In--the middle footpath of main spring equals its inside diameter D _InWith steel wire diameter d sum.Adjusting nut and base plate flange outside diameter are designed to and the main spring inside diameter D _InEquate, and main spring is fixedly mounted in the flange.Change d and n, then can obtain seven listed in the table 1 little load range main spring modular unit required, that internal diameter is identical, free height H is identical.

4. natural frequency deviation delta B _f

At a together individual load range w _jIn, its load range is w _{Under the j}=0.8w _Jm, w _{On the j}=1.2w _JmIn this load range, the limit deviation Δ B of its natural frequency _fFor In the formula:

With formula (5a) ~ (5c) substitution formula (5), have

ΔB _f＝-11％~8.8％

When selecting vibration isolator, make lower limit ultimate load value w _{Under the j}〉=0.9w _Jm, may command then | Δ B _f|≤10%.

5. the vibrating isolation system embodiment that suppresses the vibration of coupling connection

According to Theory of Vibration, when single rack barycenter C off-centre is big, easily cause the vibration of coupling connection.With the natural frequency f after each vibration isolator actual bearer _NjiWith vibrating isolation system natural frequency f _nThe deviation delta B of [formula (1)] _FiControl | built in |, characterizing center of rigidity and barycenter C approaches at≤10% o'clock.Can suppress the vibration of coupling connection effectively.

System shown in supposing, w=330dN, w ₁=75dN, w ₂=135dN, w ₃=65dN, w ₄=55dN.At this moment, select nominal load w in the table 1 _JmBe respectively 1 50dN (w ₄), 2 75dN (w ₁, w ₃) and 1 125dN (w ₂) the required vibrating isolation system of composition Δ B this moment _Fi≤ 5%.

6. in order to make in the same nominal load | vibration isolation | device departs from w in actual bearer _JmThe time, have identical support height H ₀, project of the present invention is provided with the support height adjustment structure.Block cap, the pin that embeds in the cap elongated slot can make adjusting nut keep motionless; Upwards (real load is greater than w for turn hexagonal circle, drive adjusting bolt and cap _Jm) (or downward real load is less than w _Jm) motion, can be with the rack level-off.

(2) resisting strong impact type damping buffering spring module combinations

According to the resisting strong impact design theory, the buffer spring module must can be born heavily stressed that thump brings, and can store rapidly, impact energy dissipates.Its damping force should be able to suppress resonance simultaneously.

Resisting strong impact damping buffering spring module of the present invention by evenly distribute along split ring and cushion cover circumference, and spaced by a certain percentage straight reed, bending spring sheet, " O " type circle A that plays horizontal cushioning effect and " O " type circle B and corresponding conical ring, split ring, structural members such as ring and cushion cover are formed down.

1. suppress the acquisition of the required damping force of resonance

Suppressing the required damping force of resonance is produced by normal pressure between straight reed and cap.The sheet number of straight reed should adapt with vibration isolator actual bearer amount, and promptly bearing capacity is big, and straight reed number is many.

Screw loam cake in vertical direction, press down conical ring, conical ring extruding split ring makes in it to be received, and can increase normal pressure between straight reed and cap, thereby increase damping force, otherwise unscrew loam cake, and damping force reduces.

In the horizontal direction, the frictional force between conical ring and loam cake and cushion cover and base plate has been determined the size of horizontal direction damping force.Screw (or unscrewing loam cake), can increase (or reducing) horizontal damping power.Rationally determine the cone-apex angle α (desirable α=40 ~ 50 °) of conical ring, can determine level and vertical direction frictional force ratio.

2. resisting strong impact technology

(a) at the vibration isolator vertical axial, the impact stress that thump produces is mainly born by the bending spring sheet, and cap and bending spring sheet are discontiguous in A-A ' section.The bending spring sheet is started working when vibration isolator is subjected to thump to be displaced to A (or A ') point, according to vibration isolator nominal load w _j, suitably dispose the quantity of bending spring sheet or the thickness t of change bending spring sheet, can obtain vertical axis resisting strong impact ability.

(b) at horizontal axis, impact stress and impact energy that thump produces are to be born by straight reed, bending spring sheet.When horizontal impact, cap drives whole damping buffering spring module and moves along impact direction, at first be bearing on loam cake and the base, the contact area between conical ring and loam cake and following ring and base increased, thereby greatly reduce surface contact stress by " O " type circle A and " O " type circle B; And then, the straight reed of cap bending and be out of shape δ after (Fig. 1), contact with the bending spring sheet.Start working simultaneously along the semi-circumference reed that impact direction contacts with cap this moment, protected main spring not to be subjected to the adverse effect of thump effectively.

The composite bending modulus I of reed can be determined by following formula $I=\frac{{\mathrm{bt}}^3}{12}----\left(6\right)$ In the formula, b reed width (mm)

T reed thickness (mm)

Suitably determine the reed thickness t, can greatly change composite bending modulus I.In same combination, straight, bending spring sheet should have identical width b and thickness t.

(c) since straight reed than the changeable shape of bending spring sheet δ (mm), the bending stress in the straight reed is bigger.The damping regulatory function that suppresses resonance is not produced under the prerequisite of interfering at the bending spring sheet, the spacing δ of bending spring sheet and cap should be as far as possible little, common desirable δ=0.2 ~ 0.5mm.In addition, spring leaf skids off from split ring for the supporting situation of improving spring leaf upper end and when preventing horizontal impact, and the present invention has opened a b * t groove (Fig. 4) in the inboard, upper end of split ring.

(d) after base plate screwed in base, base plate should protrude base outside 0.2 ~ 0.3mm, directly reached by base plate with the extraneous vertical force in security personnel's dress back the basis is installed, and the connecting thread of base plate is not subjected to shearing force.

3, beneficial effect

1. single electronic equipment is bigger load range w ₀Be divided into j little carrying scope, with preferred electronic equipment vibrating isolation system natural frequency f _n, be little carrying scope w _jNominal load value (being intermediate value) w _JmCorresponding natural frequency f _NjDesign load can obtain comparatively desirable, each w _JmCorresponding main spring rigidity k _Ji, and then obtain the less modularization main spring combination of coupling connection vibration.

3. when single electronic equipment exists than large eccentricity, with the relative natural frequency Deviation Control of each vibration isolator

4. exist | Δ B _f|, can obtain the vibrating isolation system that low coupling connection vibrates (center of rigidity is approached barycenter C) at≤10% o'clock.

3. thump is born by spring leaf, protected main spring effectively.Vibration isolation and buffering are separated consideration, thereby obtain natural frequency f _nThe isolation damper low, that the resisting strong impact ability is strong and vibration isolating effect is good.

4. adopt " O " type circle A and " O " type circle B, respectively with conical ring and loam cake, the metalwork " the hard impact " between ring and the base becomes " soft impact " between metal and rubber down, surface contact stress and peak value impulsive force when greatly having reduced horizontal thump.Simultaneously, because the intervention of " O " type circle has also reduced the horizontal limeit displacement of main spring and the shear stress in the main spring, the useful life of having improved vibration isolator.

5. spring leaf is inserted in the inside groove of split ring upper end (Fig. 4), can improve the supporting situation of spring leaf, improved bending resistance; Gap delta between bending spring sheet and cap when effectively controlling level is impacted, bending spring sheet group are worked in advance straight reed bending stress is reduced; These technical measures have guaranteed to suppress the required damping value of resonance not because of thump changes, and have improved the stability of vibration isolating effect.

6. after the vibration isolator performance is adjusted,, guarantee that institute's parameter of transferring because of vibration and thump variation does not take place to be harmful to sealing between loam cake and the base.

Four, description of drawings

Fig. 1 general structure schematic diagram of the present invention.Wherein have: hexagonal circle 1, cap 2, regulate spiral shell 3, adjusting nut 4, pin 5, main spring 6, conical ring 7, " O " type circle A8, split ring 9, straight reed 10, " O " type circle B11, encircle 12 down, cushion cover 13, bending spring sheet 14, base plate 15, base 16, loam cake 17.

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is the eccentric situation schematic diagram of vibrating isolation system barycenter C

Fig. 4 is the upper end inner trough structure schematic diagram of split ring (9)

Five, embodiment

The present invention is a kind of Modular-Type Non-Peak Shock Isolator, by shock-absorbing spring, damping spring, and bindiny mechanism formed, this vibration isolator adopts modular construction, and shock-absorbing spring part, damping spring part, bindiny mechanism's part are constituted main spring module, damping buffering spring module and mounting connection structure module respectively; Wherein, the main spring module comprises hexagonal circle 1, regulates bolt 3, adjusting nut 4, pin 5, main spring 6, damping buffering spring module comprises cap 2, conical ring 7, " O " type circle A8, split ring 9, straight reed 10, " O " type circle B11, encircles 12 down, cushion cover 13, bending spring sheet 14, and the mounting connection structure module comprises base plate 15, base 16, loam cake 17; This vibration isolator is a body frame with base 16, lower thread in base 16 connects base plate 15, loam cake 17 is threaded on the top of base 16, the shell of forming this vibration isolator, on base plate 15, be provided with cushion cover 13, the lower end of straight reed 10 and bending spring sheet 14 is positioned on the cushion cover 13, is pressed on the cushion cover 13 by encircling 12 lower ends with straight reed 10 and bending spring sheet 14 down, and " O " type circle B11 is enclosed within down on the excircle of ring 12; The outside in the upper end of straight reed 10 and bending spring sheet 14 is fixed with split ring 9, is provided with conical ring 7 on split ring 9 excircles, is provided with " O " type circle A8 on conical ring 7 excircles; There is the outwards annular limit of folding of a circle lower end of cap 2, this limit is positioned at straight reed 10 and bending spring sheet 14 bandy positions, the top of cap 2 is enclosed within on the excircle of regulating bolt 3 middle parts, top is fixing by hexagonal circle 1, on the lower end excircle of regulating bolt 3, the adjusting nut 4 that has been threaded, two ends of main spring 6 withstand on respectively on adjusting nut 4 and the base plate 15.

1, will descend ring 12 to put into special anchor clamps, good with calculating, be evenly arranged in order on its inward flange with suitable some straight reeds 10 and the bending spring sheet 14 of nominal load wjm, it is fastening and rivet into assembly then cushion cover 13 to be pressed into the back from the reed root.Put " O " type circle B after assembly takes out, cap 2 is packed in the assembly, be inserted in split ring 9 in the reed upper end, packing into packages the conical ring of " O " type circle A.This has just constituted damping buffering spring modular assembly.

2, base plate (15) is screwed in base 16, base plate 15 bottom surfaces should exceed 0.2 ~ 0.5mm than base end face.Main spring 6 is pressed into base plate 15 flanges; Pin 5 is pressed in the hole of adjusting nut 4; Adjusting nut 4 screwed in regulate bolts 3 and be assembled into the working depth adjusting part,, on forcing press, be transferred to the working depth H of required real load and regulation pack into the upper end of main spring 6 of said modules ₀, this has just constituted the main spring modular assembly.

3, damping buffering spring modular assembly is inserted in the main spring modular assembly, at this moment, the straight trough in the cap 2 should be aimed at the pin 5 on the adjusting nut.The length of pin 5 should guarantee that pin 5 does not skid off in straight trough, again can be along the upper and lower free movement of groove, to guarantee the fine setting of working depth.

4, hexagonal circle 1 packed into regulate bolt 3; Loam cake 17 is screwed in bases 16, after the forcing press adjusted suppresses the required damping force of resonance, the relative position of loam cake and base is sealed admittedly.

Above step is assembling of the present invention and the debugging embodiment, finish above-mentioned steps after, promptly constitute product of the present invention.

When the electronic equipment deadweight differs greatly, or vibrating isolation system has very large quantities of when eccentric, all can after adopting Theoretical Calculation or actual Weighing method to determine each vibration isolator supporting point real load of electronic equipment, always can in corresponding nominal load and load range thereof, find corresponding vibration isolator.Change main spring 6, straight reed 10 that corresponding configuration is adaptive and 14 combinations of bending spring sheet promptly can be made into seriation, modular vibration isolator.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of Modular-Type Non-Peak Shock Isolator, by shock-absorbing spring, damping spring, and bindiny mechanism formed, it is characterized in that this vibration isolator adopts modular construction, shock-absorbing spring part, damping spring part, bindiny mechanism's part are constituted main spring module, damping buffering spring module and mounting connection structure module respectively; Wherein, the main spring module comprises hexagonal circle (1), regulates bolt (3), adjusting nut (4), pin (5), main spring (6), damping buffering spring module comprises cap (2), conical ring (7), " O " type circle A (8), split ring (9), straight reed (10), " O " type circle B (11), encircles (12), cushion cover (13), bending spring sheet (14) down, and the mounting connection structure module comprises base plate (15), base (16), loam cake (17); This vibration isolator is a body frame with base (16), lower thread in base (16) connects base plate (15), loam cake (17) is threaded on the top of base (16), the shell of forming this vibration isolator, on base plate (15), be provided with cushion cover (13), the lower end of straight reed (10) and bending spring sheet (14) is positioned on the cushion cover (13), is pressed on the cushion cover (13) by encircling (12) lower end with straight reed (10) and bending spring sheet (14) down, and " O " type circle B (11) is enclosed within down on the excircle of ring (12); The outside in the upper end of straight reed (10) and bending spring sheet (14) is fixed with split ring (9), is provided with conical ring (7) on split ring (9) excircle, is provided with " O " type circle A (8) on conical ring (7) excircle; There is the outwards annular limit of folding of a circle lower end of cap (2), this limit is positioned at straight reed (10) and the bandy position of bending spring sheet (14), the top of cap (2) is enclosed within on the excircle of regulating bolt (3) middle part, top is fixing by hexagonal circle (1), on the lower end excircle of regulating bolt (3), the adjusting nut (4) that has been threaded, two ends of main spring (6) withstand on respectively on adjusting nut (4) and the base plate (15).

2, Modular-Type Non-Peak Shock Isolator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that straight reed (10) is for suppressing the reed of resonance, the reed that bending spring sheet (14) is used for resisting strong impact, these two kinds of reeds distribute alternately on the circumference of cushion cover (13) and split ring (9).

3, Modular-Type Non-Peak Shock Isolator according to claim 1, the cone-apex angle that it is characterized in that split ring (9) and conical ring (7) is 40 °～50 °.

4, Modular-Type Non-Peak Shock Isolator according to claim 1 is characterized in that the inboard, upper end of split ring (9) has a cannelure, and the upper end of straight reed (10) and bending spring sheet (14) is enclosed within the groove.

5, Modular-Type Non-Peak Shock Isolator according to claim 1 is characterized in that being equipped with deep-slotted chip breaker on the excircle that encircles (12) and conical ring (7) down, embeds " O " type circle A (8) and " O " type circle B (11) respectively.

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