CN1453184A - Water floated platform and its storm load reducing method - Google Patents
Water floated platform and its storm load reducing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1453184A CN1453184A CN 02125379 CN02125379A CN1453184A CN 1453184 A CN1453184 A CN 1453184A CN 02125379 CN02125379 CN 02125379 CN 02125379 A CN02125379 A CN 02125379A CN 1453184 A CN1453184 A CN 1453184A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
- B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
Abstract
The wind wave load reducing method is that in the case of over critical wind wave, the platform is made to possess relatively small water line area or reserve buoyancy, to submerge or to divide into small-span members so as to reduce the action of wind wave; and in the case of below critical wind wave, the platform is made to possess relatively large water line area or reserve buoyancy so as to maintain excellent integral rigid structure for normal operation in floating state. The platform has variable contour or buoyancy structure, submerging depth controller and dividing connection structure for taking the said measures. The present invention make the platform light, and makes it possible to provide large platform with great span, great area and high integral rigidity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water floated platform and reduction storm load thereof and anchor is the method for pulling force.This platform has purposes such as various operation at sea, logistics; Needing reduction platform structure storm load and anchor especially is pulling force, so that make the lightweight of flat-bed system architecture.
Background technology
The development and utilization of ocean has many-sided active demand in economy, science and military affairs.But, in the prior art, particularly marine operation waterborne base the very big difficulty of existence is set, be subjected to various restrictions technical and economically, thereby be difficult to bring it into being.Comparative maturity in the prior art has only petroleum drilling and mining above water platform, marine science or military field engineering naval vessel etc.Only there is extremely other special example in the seadrome.
All particularly wind wave action is relevant with marine environment for many difficulties in arrangement operation at sea base.One, the countermeasure technology effect of stormy waves environment is limited, causes water floated platform structure heaviness, cost height------
In the prior art, the stormy waves environmental cure that the Overwater floating facility that long-term fixed point adheres to the offshore waters is adopted mainly is following a few class:
1. brute force is resisted, and------improves the intensity of facility according to 50 years or a-hundred-year maximum storm load, wherein comprises the intensity that the intensity that improves facility itself and anchor are device at least.
2. reduce the response of facility to stormy waves------improve the facility surface contour shape (as bow shape), special contour shape (as reducing the shape of water surface slamming) etc. is set.Patent CN86108094 belongs to this class design.The small-waterplane-area design is the well-known a kind of structure that reduces wave action.Patent US4984935 once proposed offshore platform and reduced some particular design that wave hits effect.
3.------adopts measures such as elastic buffer, damping absorption for buffering or absorption wave action; As patent US6089175,3299896 etc.
4. isolate that------as anti-wave structure is set comprises break-water, and engineering is big, cost is high.
In general, these measure effects are limited, can not reduce the suffered stormy waves environmental load of facility that floats significantly.Consequently, the water surface job platform that the job requirements reserve buoyance is very big is for example used the salvaging facility of lifting method salvaging large-scale wreck, and when having the function of not returning port Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College stormy waves, because big reserve buoyance and Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College's stormy waves are contradictory, its structure is all huge and heavy.Two, to cause anchor greatly be that device is huge----to storm load
Because it is the platform storm load is big, just high to the requirement of registration devices such as anchor system.Again because platform structure can not lightweight, thereby platform displacement under given span, area and capacity weight situation is very big, and storm load and response thereof (wave, hang down swing etc.) energy is just bigger, causes the requirement of registration devices such as flat-bed anchor system just higher.
A kind of seabase design that the Chinese patent CN1269759A of u s company's application proposes, its anchor architecture will be huge to the degree that can't realize, thereby lack practical feasibility.
More than the situation of one, 2 two aspect cause the system architecture (structure that comprises platform structure and registration device) of floating platform very heavy.Three, the flat-bed system architecture can not lightweight, the marine relatively large flat-bed development of severe inhibition------
The development and utilization of ocean needs larger platform especially.The platform stable that marine operation requires also needs to develop the big and good platform of integral rigidity of span.But,, make the exploitation of macrotype platform have the obstacle that can't go beyond technically and economically because the flat-bed system architecture can't lightweight.
The architecture quality of the existing design of seadrome is very big, laid down cost is high, only see indivedual special cases, does not see more applying.The span of semisubmersible drilling and producing platform and containing area are not really big, and its cost is but quite high, can only be used to have the oil industry of high economic value.Four, the wave environment countermeasure thinking relatively narrow------of prior art
The present invention will propose by adopting variable profile, appropriateness dive when reducing to survive reserve buoyance, high sea, adopting several method such as variable integral rigidity to reduce storm load.Change buoyancy and come-up dive itself all are the prior aries of submersible, but do not see the storm load that they is used to reduce facility structure, do not see and utilize these methods to make the lightweight significantly of flat-bed system architecture.
Term definition
The present invention adopts the following term concepts relevant with water floated platform:
Water floated platform,--the flat-bed main body that----the present invention relates to is light-duty framework to light-duty framework.Alleged light-duty framework is made up of tubing or tubular-shaped structures, or is made up of buoyancy aid and support, or larger area operation plane is arranged outside buoyancy aid.
The platform that the present invention relates to is different from common ship, mainly is that span or area are big and displacement is less.The size of span, area and displacement all is comparatively speaking: with compare with the boats and ships of spline span or floor space, the flat-bed displacement is less; Compare with the boats and ships of same displacement, flat-bed span or footprint are bigger.We can say that flat-bed " displacement of flat span or area is far smaller than common ship ", thereby its structure quite " loose " are different from the form of the large volume centralized arrangement of common ship.
The platform that the present invention relates to has the ability of dive, but it is different from submersible.The submersible dive is the needs of operation function; The dive mode and the degree of depth determine according to the operation needs, usually big (for the submersible system height); Existing various submersibles do not have larger area job platform out of my cabin.Platform dive of the present invention is the needs of wind sheltering wave; Submerged depth is determined usually little (for the platform structure height) according to wind sheltering wave needs; The platform that the present invention relates to has out of my cabin the job platform than large span or area.Though water floated platform does not comprise various submersibles, can become the base or the public service station of submersible.Owing to the invention provides the technology that reduces wind wave action significantly, thereby related platform has the weight-saving structure; Even the seadrome also is a weight-saving.
Flat-bed system architecture----comprises the structure of platform itself and the structure of registration device thereof.
The floating line of flat-bed operating draft line----platform under operating condition.A flat-bed operating draft line can have a plurality of differing heights position.In the present invention, in order to simplify narration, not emphasizing to have a plurality of floating lines.Technical scheme of the present invention is made specific design according to the situation of a plurality of floating lines easily.
------within the scope of the present invention, the term definition and the habitual definition of flat-bed water plane area have discrepancy to the flat-bed water plane area, see Figure 13 to 15.Wherein Figure 13 is the cross-sectional plane of local structure of flat-bed of imagination.These local structure are the large span longitudinal extension in horizontal surface, and Figure 13 is the cross-sectional plane of this lengthwise structure.The view relation of Figure 13 and Fig. 3 has similarity.Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 flat-bed A-A cross-sectional plane.Figure 13 represents that platform has the cabin 7 that can intake, and there is the hatch door 8 that can open and close in this cabin.When hatch door 8 is closed, be a closed outline, buoyancy can be provided.When hatch door 8 was opened, extraneous water can free in and out, thus when wave is arranged in the cabin water surface identical with extraneous rough water, this cabin is treated as and is not existed.The water plane area of structure signal when Figure 14 closes for this hatch door, water plane area signal when Figure 15 opens for this hatch door.Two figure all draw the imagination two differing heights positions waterline L1, L2.Profile is undergone mutation near Figure 14 waterline L2.
Within the scope of the present invention, the flat-bed water plane area comprises three kinds of situations
1) " area on the waterline ": when near platform when profile is undergone mutation waterline, on the waterline area refer to waterline with
On horizontal sectional area; For example, area is quite big on the waterline of Figure 14 waterline L2;
2) " area under the waterline ": when near platform when profile is undergone mutation waterline, under the waterline area refer to waterline with
Under horizontal sectional area; For example, area is quite little under the waterline of Figure 14 waterline L2;
3) " waterline homalographic ": when near platform when profile does not suddenly change waterline, the upper and lower horizontal section of waterline
Long-pending equal basically, this area is called the waterline homalographic; For example, the waterline of Figure 14 waterline L1 is upper and lower
Horizontal sectional area equates, and is all quite big; And the upper and lower horizontal sectional area of waterline of Figure 15 waterline L1 is basic
Go up equal, all quite little.
" water plane area " speech is used to make a general reference area on the waterline, following area or homalographic.
Flat-bed integral rigidity state--distortion that----refers to platform and integrally is only from the micro-elastic deformation of platform structure solid material, rather than from flexibly connecting as hinged.So-called whole, do not comprise the kinematic mechanism of local detail such as pivotally attached door, accessory device etc.
------is suitable for the maximum stormy waves rank of platform normal operation to critical stormy waves, and it is definite when designing according to flat-bed purposes function, should be far below this waters 50 years or the stormy waves highest level of meeting in 100 years.
Flat-bed buoyancy approaches gravity----platform in critical above stormy waves environment, can make its buoyancy (gross buoyancy) approach gravity (total force), promptly is being slightly less than gravity or is being slightly larger than between the gravity.When buoyancy was slightly less than gravity, can be regarded as reserve buoyance was little negative value.
The Essential Terms of flat-bed reserve buoyance----this area refer to that the potential buoyancy of the maximum that platform may have deducts the flat-bed displacement.
Needed big reserve buoyance during the operation of flat-bed operation reserve buoyance----platform.
Flat-bed existence reserve buoyance----platform very little reserve buoyance for guaranteeing that safety is required in critical above stormy waves environment.
In the platform structure that the present invention proposes, the operation reserve buoyance is far longer than the existence reserve buoyance.
Flat-bed registration device----makes the flat-bed position keep stable device.Registration device can comprise anchor or weight (comprising the basis of fixedly constructing), chain or cable, and necessary winch (windlass); Registration device also can be propelling unit or other mechanisms.
Whether flat-bed depth control device----depth control device control platform dive and submerged depth.The depth control device can apply platform as required and make progress, downward pulling force.
Summary of the invention
Basic purpose of the present invention is the practical feasibility problem that solves water floated platform; The water floated platform of big, the job stabilization good (integral rigidity height) of span particularly, manage to reduce high sea to the flat-bed loading, thereby make the lightweight significantly of flat-bed system architecture, comprise the lightweight of platform structure itself and the lightweight of anchor architecture, thereby reduce the technical risk and the cost of platform construction significantly, improve the flat-bed practical feasibility.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides several using method of flat-bed, and these methods can reduce high sea to the flat-bed loading.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides several organization plans of flat-bed, and these structures can adopt above-mentioned several using method, and wherein certain structures also has other to improve performance.
Basic design of the present invention is to manage to avoid rather than " hard anti-" wind wave action, particularly manages to utilize more fully the potential possibility of platform in the effect of non-operating condition wind sheltering next time wave.The present invention proposes critical above stormy waves, the platform three kinds of new basic platform using method that state wind sheltering next time wave acts on that stop operation to occur.
1. one of the present invention's basic using method of reducing wind wave action under critical above stormy waves environment is to change platform contours, change its water plane area, be exactly under critical following wave environment, to make the flat-bed profile have area on sizable waterline homalographic or the waterline; Because the span of platform all directions is bigger, relatively steadily, at this moment platform has big buoyancy operational capability in general stormy waves; Under the environment that critical above wave may occur, the flat-bed profile is changed, become and have area on quite little waterline homalographic or the waterline, so that reduce the Wave Loads that platform bears.
The unsteady facility of small-waterplane-area is less to the response of wave, is well-known.Said method of the present invention can reduce the Wave Loads that platform bears, and its reason is summarized as follows:
Platform structure will bear in stormy waves that wind carries and wave to carry be wind-force dynamic pressure load, two dynam load of wave dynamic pressure load, and the buoyancy distribution that the Wave crest and wave trough change in location of wave is caused changes caused additional bending moment and two statics load of additional shear stress.When platform has small-waterplane-area when long-pending, the additional bending moment that the buoyancy distribution change causes and two loadings of additional shear stress will be significantly less than these two load under the operating condition that platform has big flood line area.Yet the latter designs the load that should guarantee just routinely.Loading obviously reduces, and requirement of strength will obviously reduce, and the safety of structure will obviously improve.
Change the method that profile reduces storm load because this platform can adopt, thereby its agent structure intensity can be lower than conventional design.The storm load that it guaranteed comprises:
Platform under state with big water plane area profile that operation needs, wind-force and wave load under the critical stormy waves environment;
Platform under state with the long-pending profile of small-waterplane-area, wind-force and wave load under the maximum stormy waves environment in waters, place.
According to the reason that the front has illustrated, this load requires to be lower than conventional design, thereby can make the platform structure lightweight.
From anchor is the loading analysis of registration device such as device, and small-waterplane-area structure waving and hanging down in wave swung all smallerly, thereby registration device load is also smaller.On the other hand, because the light in structure of platform own quantizes, its displacement is reduced, thereby its structural volume reduces, the application force that wave action is transferred on the registration device also reduces.Therefore, registration device obtains the two-fold lightweight.
This shows, adopt the method that changes profile reduction storm load can make the lightweight of whole flat-bed system architecture.
In other words, the flat-bed system architecture can adopt lightweight structure by the loading that has reduced in design; As long as adopt above-mentioned using method, lightweight structure also can be guaranteed structural safety under abominable stormy waves environment.
The present invention under critical above stormy waves environment, reduce wind wave action basic using method two be to make the suitable dive of platform, change the position of platform with respect to the water surface, be exactly under critical following wave environment, to make platform be positioned at water surface normal operation position; Under the environment that critical above stormy waves may occur, make the degree of depth of platform dive, so that reduce the storm load effect that platform bears to design code.
The platform dive can reduce storm load, and this is described as follows: when the complete or big portion of platform pulls the plug, do not bear wind load, this one; At this moment buoyancy distribution and undulation is irrelevant fully or irrelevant basically, and buoyancy distribution change additional bending moment, additional shear stress load that wave causes are very little, this its two; The degree of depth is big more under water, and wave dynamic pressure load is more little, this its three; The degree of depth is big more under water, and current speed is low more, thereby current load is more little, this its four.This shows that dive helps obviously reducing storm load.These situations are for platform and the further lightweight of registration device thereof provide advantage.
Because this platform can adopt the method that reduces storm load by dive, thereby this flat-bed agent structure intensity can be lower than conventional design, and the storm load that it guaranteed comprises:
Platform is under the condition of come-up job position, critical following wind-force and wave load;
Platform is under the condition of design code submerged depth position, the maximum wind power in waters, place and wave load.
This load of reason that has illustrated according to the front requires to be lower than conventional design, thereby can make the platform structure lightweight.
To above the 1st similar to the loading analysis of registration device, the method that reduces the storm load effect by dive can also can make registration device obtain the two-fold lightweight.
This shows that employing can make the lightweight of whole flat-bed system architecture by the method that dive reduces the storm load effect.In other words, the flat-bed system architecture can adopt lightweight structure by the loading that has reduced in design; As long as adopt above-mentioned using method, lightweight structure also can be guaranteed structural safety under abominable stormy waves environment.
Platform dive operation has a details.For the power of the required usefulness of operation that reduces platform depth control device, reducing flat-bed existence reserve buoyance, make it to approach zero, make the flat-bed gross buoyancy approach total force exactly.In fact, when flat-bed gross buoyancy during morely greater than total force, required downward pulling force is bigger during the platform dive; When flat-bed gross buoyancy during, required bigger during come-up after the platform dive to upper pulling force morely less than total force.Therefore,, should make gross buoyancy neither too much greater than total force for the power that makes the depth control device is no more than practicable specification, exceed again less than total force.The back will be realized the way and the organization plan of this requirement in the relative section explanation.
3. above-mentioned two kinds of using method are combined utilization, can obtain the two-fold beneficial effect.Method in conjunction with utilization is that under the environment that critical above wave may occur, utilization earlier changes the method for platform contours, makes platform have area on quite little waterline homalographic or the waterline, makes the degree of depth of platform dive to design code again.
A details is described here.In the platform structure that the present invention proposes, change platform contours, reduce the operation of water plane area and reduce the operation of above-mentioned existence reserve buoyance, these two kinds operate in most cases and can merge.In other words, carry out the effect that wherein a kind of operation can have another kind of operation simultaneously concurrently.Therefore, when changing the profile water plane area, the flat-bed reserve buoyance diminishes thereupon voluntarily, thereby helps reducing depth control device and flat-bed load.
The present invention under critical above stormy waves environment, reduce wind wave action basic using method three be to change the flat-bed integral rigidity, be exactly, under critical following wave environment, make platform have the good whole rigidity, make platform have the normal operation ability; Under the environment that critical above wave may occur, make platform change into the less building block of span, be to flexibly connect between the adjacent members piece, so that reduce the storm load effect that platform bears.
Reduce span and can reduce wind wave action, its reason is very simple.In fact, moment of flexure and shearing that the effect of the various power of stormy waves all causes platform to bear, they are all closely related with span, reduce span and can reduce moment of flexure and shearing greatly.
Three kinds of basic using method that illustrated more than that the present invention proposes and beneficial effect thereof.Below be illustrated as the various platform structures of said method service, and the using method of modification structures.
Below various flat-bed main bodys all be light-duty framework, its notion is seen term definition.
5. the feature of serving the platform structure of one of above-mentioned using method (changing profile and water plane area wind sheltering wave) is, flat-bed structure outline and water plane area thereof are variable, be exactly, it has two kinds of different contour shapes at least, has at least a kind of profile 1 to have area on the waterline homalographic of job requirements or the waterline; At least also have a kind of profile 2 to have area on the waterline homalographic of the job requirements of being far smaller than or the waterline.Such platform can adopt above-mentioned change profile to become the using method of water plane area, just can reduce the Wave Loads that platform bears.
6. above-mentioned change profile becomes water plane area flat-bed concrete structure A, and it comprises first cabin that can intake, and described first cabin has leads to extraneous watertight hatch door.This cabin is positioned on the operating condition floating line, and the height and position at watertight compartment student edge is near the operating condition floating line.Open the watertight hatch door, extraneous water can freely enter or flow out this cabin, and this cabin just can be treated as and not exist, and platform tool has described profile 2, thereby has reduced area on the flat-bed waterline.Close the watertight hatch door, water can not be freed in and out, this cabin just exists, and platform tool has described profile 1, thereby makes platform have area on the bigger waterline.
7. above-mentioned change profile change water plane area flat-bed concrete structure B and said structure A are basic identical, one of difference is, (part was on waterline about this cabin was positioned at the operating condition floating line, a part is under waterline), the height and position at watertight compartment student edge is below the operating condition floating line.Therefore, when this cabin existed, platform had area on bigger waterline homalographic rather than the waterline, and what reduce when not existing treated as in this cabin also is area on waterline homalographic rather than the waterline.Two of difference is, some is positioned at underwater under operating condition owing to this cabin, when the watertight hatch door is closed, if want the draining must be by freeing arrangement.Therefore, this cabin preferably is equipped with freeing arrangement.
8. above-mentioned change profile becomes water plane area flat-bed concrete structure C, and it comprises that bulkhead is the flexible cabin and the inflation exhaust gear of flexible material; Described flexible cabin inflation, platform tool has described profile 1, can have bigger water plane area; Exhaust is shunk, and platform tool has described profile 2, can reduce the flat-bed water plane area, and described flexible cabin is with respect to its character of height and position decision of the water surface; Basically when waterline was above, its expansion, contraction changed area on the flat-bed waterline in flexible cabin; It changes area under the waterline underwater the time; It up and down the time, changes the waterline homalographic at waterline.
9. it is that it comprises separable cabin that above-mentioned change profile becomes water plane area flat-bed concrete structure D.When separable cabin broke away from platform, platform tool had described profile 2, can reduce the flat-bed water plane area; When it was fixed in platform, platform tool had described profile 1, can have bigger water plane area.When platform was fixed in separable cabin, it is with respect to its character of determining positions of waterline, and was similar to structure C, can analogize.
More than four kinds become contour structure and when increasing or reducing water plane area, all increase simultaneously or reduced flat-bed buoyancy, thereby two kinds of operations can merge.Wherein, have only structure B first cabin part underwater, need be in order to increase buoyancy by freeing arrangement.In addition, become profile change water plane area and also have concrete structure E, see following the 14th to 16 explanation.
If by becoming the power that amplitude that contour structure gained buoyancy changes can not fully reduce the depth control device, then can adopt other structures (as the ballast water device of routine, counterweight etc.) as a supplement.
10. utilize the above various technology, particularly become the profile platform structure, can make up a kind of platform of special shape.It is made up of framework and buoyancy cabin, and framework has the buoyancy that is slightly larger than self gravitation, required big water plane area and buoyancy when providing operation by the buoyancy cabin.Aforementioned first cabin, flexible cabin or separable cabin are adopted in the buoyancy cabin.This platform is very flexible in use.Framework wafts and cannot not float on the surface heavyly, and buoyancy and water plane area according to the operation needs during operation are arranged the inflation in flexible cabin, first cabin and fixing of separable cabin.
11. above-mentioned this particular platform can be managed general assembly waterborne at the scene.For this reason, platform framework adopts floatable space grid structure, as ball-joint rack, bow formula structure (according to patent CN 2178745).Platform framework can be divided into some assemblies, and the attaching parts between the assembly.Each assembly proportion is less than 1, form by rod member and dedicated node spare, is connected for easy assembling between rod member and the node spare, as be threaded, clamping (clamp, restrain collapse, snap), riveted joint, insertion-rotation (being similar to bayonet-coupled bulb) connection etc., do not get rid of the scene and be easy to the welding carried out.
This structure is specially adapted at the waters construction platform away from the land bank.For assembly floor on the water surface, can on means of delivery (containing auxiliary vessel), dress up assembly earlier, in water, join the two sections of a bridge, etc again.Assembled all is easily to assemble the bonded assembly operation; Put into water after assembly is dressed up, proportion is little, can not sink in water and lose.
12. serving the feature of platform structure of two (suitably dive wind sheltering waves) of above-mentioned using method is that platform has the depth control device, can change the position of platform with respect to the water surface.Such platform can adopt the using method of above-mentioned suitable dive wind sheltering wave, just can reduce the storm load effect that platform bears.
13. the concrete structure of above-mentioned depth control device can have following several: A. is by the winch of rope or chain connection anchor, stake or weight, and this similar is a device in common anchor, but it is used to control submerged depth.Anchor, stake or weight stably are positioned at the bottom, can apply downward pulling force to platform through rope or chain.B. connect the winch of float by rope or chain, this similar is in the device with the sagging control submersible of rope submerged depth.Float stably or is basically stably bubbled through the water column, and can apply to upper pulling force platform through rope or chain.Float position was constant substantially when platform changed come-up or dive position.C. both connect anchor, stake or weight by rope or chain, connected the winch of float again.The upper end of this structure is a float, and the lower end is anchor, stake or weight, and the winch on the platform is therebetween.Winch moves up and down along rope or chain, drives platform and moves up and down, and changes the height and position of platform with respect to the water surface.D. propelling unit is as propeller etc.E. the ballast water device is used to change the relative size relation of platform gross buoyancy and total force, thereby changes the flat-bed submerged depth, is the common method of submarine.More than several structures can select to adopt, also can all or part ofly adopt simultaneously.Described depth control device can merge by all or part of and described flat-bed registration device.
For the platform that has above-mentioned change contour structure and depth control device simultaneously, after water plane area diminished, the load of depth control device diminished during the platform dive.
But 14. a kind of modification structures of the 12nd the described submerged platform in front is, it has some separable sub-platforms, there is column to be connected between platform and the sub-platform, column and platform quadrature or oblique, sub-platform can move with respect to platform along the column direction, and jacking system control sub-platform and the flat-bed position that relatively moves is arranged.Sub-platform can move with column; Also can move and column motionless (principal post passes sub-platform) by sub-platform.
Above-mentioned jacking system can adopt the relevant prior art of jack up oil platform.
The sub-platform lifting part of this modification structures can be regarded the change profile as and become waterplane structure E, and its notion is seen following the 16th explanation.
15. above-mentioned water floated platform modification structures column lower end can also connect a float unit under water, does as a whole motion with described float unit during the column motion.The buoyancy of float unit can reduce the power and the requirement of strength of jacking system, and reduces flat-bed load.
16. when above the 14th and 15 described platform during according to the described wind sheltering wave using method dive of the 2nd of front, can make described column together with described sub-platform with respect to described platform vertical or oblique moving up, make the bottom surface of described sub-platform leave distance of the water surface, so that reduce the water plane area (promptly changing water plane area) of the whole platform structure formed by described platform, described sub-platform and described column, reduce the effect of wave to described plateform system.Separable sub-platform can be used to arrange the equipment and the personnel of unsuitable dive, and can arrange other purposes under the different application occasion, for example travels with the constituent of some activity of travelling of flat-bed sub-platform motion can becoming.
As above the 14th, 15 described modification platform has following advantage in conjunction with the 16th described using method:
1) during general stormy waves environment operation, has operation stationarity preferably and sizable activity area;
2) the high sea environment as jack-up platform and semisubmersible platform, has the anti-ripple of small-waterplane-area when depositing
The wave advantage.The buoyancy of float unit can reduce the power and the requirement of strength of jacking system, and reduces to put down
The load of platform.
3) owing to have a longspan structure under water, and the sub-platform in the water surface sky is less relatively, so total still can have stationarity preferably in high sea, and the retaining part operation function, this is very valuable.
But 17. the another kind of modification structures of the 12nd the described submerged platform in front be, described platform has some separable sub-platforms, is disassembled captiveing joint between platform and the sub-platform, disassembling to separate to have chain, rope to get in touch between back institute's platform and the sub-platform.
The chain of platform and sub-platform, rope are got in touch various designs can be arranged.For example, can be provided with a main chain, restrict and be no less than an auxilliary chain, rope.When the dive of high sea condition lower platform, auxilliary chain, rope break away from and connect, and only keep main chain, restrict and realize " the single-point mooring " of sub-platform, make sub-platform be tending towards main platform leeward.In high sea rear platform floating-upward process, recover auxilliary chain, rope connects, and cooperates guiding, platform is alignd, so that recover captive joint with removable fixed connection structure between sub-platform.
18. when the 17th described another modification platform adopted the described wind sheltering wave using method dive in the 2nd of front, sub-platform can separate, not dive.Separable sub-platform can be used to arrange the equipment and the personnel of unsuitable dive, and sub-platform can have the effect of the 13rd the described float of C money in front.In addition, can remove above-mentioned chain rope contact under emergency situation, sub-platform becomes escape compartment.
19. serve the feature of platform structure of three (change integral rigidity state wind sheltering waves) of above-mentioned using method be, platform is made up of the structure body piece of less span more than 2, and the adjacent members piece is with the connection of variable freedom connecting device.
So-called variable freedom connecting device has two kinds of coupled condition at least.A kind of is that adjacent members piece relative motion degree of freedom is zero captive joint; Another kind is the flexible connection that the adjacent members piece can relative motion, has 1 rotational freedom at least, can have 6 freedom of motions at the most.The conversion of two kinds of coupled condition makes platform be transformed to little span building block from the big-span integral rigid state and flexibly connects state, otherwise or.Such platform can adopt the using method of above-mentioned change integral rigidity state wind sheltering wave, just can reduce the storm load effect that platform bears.When variable freedom was connected to removable structure, platform can decompose, and was convenient to migration, or was convenient to be reassembled into different configurations.
20. utilize above-described various technology, can make up the sizable platform of span, the load-carrying capacity that its integral rigidity state when operation is good, stationarity is good, be necessary.This large span platform has following feature:
1) span of platform all directions in horizontal surface is greater than the wavelength of the critical wave in waters, place; Ponding face, water surface area are more than 80% of the intrinsic curve scope gross area.
Span is big, and integral rigidity during operation is so stationarity is good in critical following stormy waves.
The large tracts of land water surface is arranged, so structure " loose " and not concentrating in the platform span scope.
Platform with this structure can have the long-pending or maximum reserve buoyance (helping carrying out operation) of needed maximum waterplane by adopting the application's reduction storm load method when come-up; Can dive hide stormy waves again, make platform in high sea, not go back to the port, and its light in structure is quantized.If platform span of all directions in horizontal surface is not less than the wavelength of the critical wave in waters, place, or more than 2 to 3 times of this wavelength, then platform when operation with highly stable.
Platform with this structure can be the same with facility on the aqua communis, makes the cabin that does not have the operation purposes, do not allow to intake be full of light material, improves the damage safety.
Platform of the present invention can also have some Working cabins and operation plane except that having basic 26S Proteasome Structure and Function, can be used for erecting equipment and working space is provided.The type of equipment and operation is determined by the flat-bed functions of use.For example, Working cabin can be made oil plant, fresh water, and material transfer equipment, desalination water equipment etc. are installed; Can do to have a rest and stay and the amusement cabin, various lives and amusement equipment are installed; Can do the emergency first aid center, be equipped with speedily carry out rescue work, fire fighting, medical facilities; Adrm or heliport can be made in the operation plane, and runway, hardstand are set, and navigation command equipment, all kinds of Work machine, repair apparatus etc.Have at the depth control device under the situation of water surface float, some equipment such as power machine can be installed in the float.Be sunken to the bottom but part cabin such as dangerous material cabin double as are heavy, but the cabin double as escape compartment that has can separate when needing with main platform body.
21. aforementioned the 1st of this specification sheets reduces one of using method of wind wave action, described " under the environment that critical above wave may occur; the flat-bed profile is changed; become have area on quite little waterline homalographic or the waterline " way, also can change into " under the environment that critical above wave may occur; make platform have quite little and greater than zero existence reserve buoyance ", method is still effective.In most of the cases, two conditions are of equal value.In fact, reserve buoyance is quite little, means that platform structure is quite little at supernatant partial volume, perhaps more than waterline, following partial volume is all quite little, thereby area or waterline homalographic are also quite little on the waterline.Otherwise area or waterline homalographic are quite little on the waterline, mean that lower volume is little on the above or waterline of waterline, thereby reserve buoyance are little.
22. this specification sheets aforementioned the 3rd change profile dive more earlier, double action reduce the method for wind wave action, according to above the 21st explanation, obviously can change into and reduce reserve buoyance earlier to approaching zero and greater than zero, then platform is applied downward pulling force and make it dive, method is still effective.
23. reduce the storm load method in order to serve above-mentioned the 21st the described change reserve buoyance of this specification sheets, a kind of platform structure is proposed, it comprises first cabin that can intake, second cabin that can not intake; Wherein, described first cabin has leads to extraneous watertight hatch door, the height and position at watertight compartment student edge is more than come-up state floating line, contour with bottom surface, first cabin, perhaps described first cabin has the water filling freeing arrangement, is used to adapt to facility under operation reserve buoyance state, wind-force and wave load under the critical stormy waves environment, and facility is under existence reserve buoyance state, wind-force and wave load under the maximum stormy waves environment in waters, place.
24. in order to serve above-mentioned the 21st the described change reserve buoyance of this specification sheets method of the reduction storm load effect of dive again, on the basis of above the 23rd described platform structure, increase puller system, described puller system is to connect the winch of anchor or weight by rope or chain, or has the screw propeller of vertical axial or variable axial; Described puller system can merge by all or part of and described flat-bed registration device, be used to adapt to facility under operation reserve buoyance state, critical following wind-force and wave load, and facility is under existence reserve buoyance state, when being in the design code dive and must spending the position, wind-force and wave load under the maximum stormy waves environment in waters, place.
25. utilize above the 21st to 24 described various technology, can make up the sizable platform of span, the load-carrying capacity that its integral rigidity state when operation is good, stationarity is good, be necessary.This large span platform has following feature: the main body of light-duty framework is made up of tubing and tubular-shaped structures, and part or all of first cabin and second cabin are arranged in the described hollow structure; The span of the facility all directions in horizontal surface of floating is greater than the wavelength of the critical wave in waters, place; And described Overwater floating facility has under the come-up state of operation reserve buoyance, has the large tracts of land water surface in the intrinsic curve scope of its floating line horizontal surface inner structure profile, and water surface area is more than 80% of the intrinsic curve scope gross area.
26. as above the 23rd and 24 described platform further improved structure, the described light-duty framework of this facility can be divided into (for example 8 to 10) relatively independent little span building block more than 2, the adjacent members piece connects with removable variable freedom connecting device.
27. above the 12nd relevant explanation seen in specifying of variable freedom connecting device.
Below in conjunction with the further supplemental instruction of accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention and preferred embodiment thereof.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. water floated platform integral structure schematic side view of the present invention;
Fig. 2. the water surface structure division schematic top plan view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3. the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4. when the hotel facility is travelled in the water floated platform conduct, the boat structure scheme drawing under the normal operating condition;
Fig. 5. variable freedom connects example one, captive joint;
Fig. 6. variable freedom connects example one, captive joint, the L of Fig. 5 is to birds-eye view;
Fig. 7. variable freedom connects one, three rotational freedom of example and connects;
Fig. 8. variable freedom connects example two, captive joint;
Fig. 9. variable freedom connects example two, and six degree of freedom connects;
Figure 10. have the depth control device of float and winch;
Figure 11. the signal of shift mechanism embodiment principle.
Figure 12. the signal of platform dive wind sheltering wave state;
The conceptual illustration of Figure 13 to 15. water plane area (being used for term definition).
The modification of Figure 17 and 18. water floated platforms.
The specific embodiment and example
According to water surface job platform integral structure schematic side view shown in Figure 1, water floated platform 1 is in the come-up position, and its part is higher than the water surface 5, and a part is below the water surface.Water floated platform 1 has registration device, comprises some winchs 2, cable or chain 3, weight 4 and anchor 4 '.
Fig. 2 is the birds-eye view of water floated platform, illustrates by hotel waterborne facility.
According to Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, except that winch 2, cable or chain 3, described platform also has second cabin 6 that is full of light material, first cabin 7 and the watertight hatch door 8 that can intake, and the air valve 9 of the control air turnover that is provided with according to water inlet, sluicing needs.The scope of operation 10 is arranged on the platform.The lower edge of the bottom surface in first cabin 7 and watertight hatch door 8 is contour as seen from the figure.When the watertight hatch door was closed, this cabin had the large volume profile, and area 8 is bigger on the waterline of platform operating draft line.When watertight hatch door 8 was opened, the relative height of the extraneous water surface 5 determined first cabin 7 to be in into water or sluicing state, and promptly Wai Jie water can free in and out.At this moment, area reduces on the waterline of flat-bed operating draft line, and whole flat-bed reserve buoyance also reduces.Therefore this platform has the profile of change characteristic.When 7 emptyings of first cabin and watertight hatch door 8 when closing, even make the extraneous water surface 5 be higher than the bottom surface in first cabin 7 for a certain reason, extraneous water can not enter first cabin 7, thereby it can keep emptying state, thereby whole platform has bigger reserve buoyance.When watertight hatch door 8 was opened, winch tightened up cable or chain 3, makes the latter apply downward pulling force to platform 1, can make platform 1 dive.At this moment, Wai Jie water can be advanced into this cabin certainly.Otherwise during the come-up operation, water can flow out voluntarily.Therefore, platform 1 can adopt the present invention's aforesaid dive method dive or come-up.
Leak free, separable sinking cabin 4 can be set when having function to need " and jacking system, be used for for example dangerous material storage, be convenient to be placed on the bottom, promote when needing.It can merge with weight 4 and jacking system thereof, makes it to have dual-use function, so that reduce cost.Figure 12 has illustrated the cabin that can sink and has been in raised position, and another is in subsidence position.
Fig. 4 utilizes platform of the present invention as Overwater floating hotel facility, the scheme drawing of the above structure of its water surface.In conjunction with Fig. 2, Overwater floating facilitation agent 1 has tour tower 11 as a large span, the light-duty floating platform of high rigidity on it, also has numerous waterborne, (comprise diving) under water recreation facility and various illumination and decoration (not shown).Two hotel ship 12 moorings are on facilitation agent 1.
A kind of concrete structure of flat-bed shown in the present embodiment, set main body 1 profile triangular in shape, span is 220 meters of the triangle length of sides.10 to 15 meters of the waterborne and lower apron height overalls of main body 1, about 40 meters of sightseeing tower height.
Structure, this platform about main platform body 1 adopt reduction storm load method of the present invention, and their beneficial effect etc., all as described above, do not repeat herein.
100 meters of described hotel ship 12 length, wide 25 meters, 4000 tons of displacement, two totally 8000 tons, every has 200 of standard rooms, and two totally 400, and some amusements room and equipment are arranged.Mooring gear between hotel ship 12 and the main platform body 1 makes hull and platform be linked to be integral body (detailed structure of mooring gear is not within this patent scope) basically, thereby hull can only swing in water with main body, can not independently swing.Because 220 meters of facility spans are farther much larger than 25 meters of beam of hulls greater than 100 meters of ship lengths, thereby be linked to be the stability of putting forward greatly after the integral body for three swings of hull degree of freedom.As accommodation unit, highly steadily be very important.
This recreation facility can be arranged in offshore waters.4 meters of critical wave fully developed seas, or 6 grades of sea situations.Dive is 30 meters under critical above wave environment.Before dive, make hotel ship system from, return port wind sheltering wave.Under the dive state, expose more than the water surface on tour tower top, and this top is provided with duty room and emergent control center.
The above-mentioned hotel platform of travelling can adopt the modification platform structure, sees Figure 16 and 17.There is sub-platform 41 platform 1 top, is connected with platform 1 with column 42, and there is float unit 44 column 42 lower ends.Total can utilize oblique rope cable 43 to improve overall shape rigidity.Figure 16 represents normal operation active state in the critical stormy waves environment (waterline 5 is in the normal operation position), and Figure 17 represents platform 1 dive wind sheltering wave, and sub-platform 41 rises and leaves the state of wave surface 5 (keeping away wave).
Fig. 5,67 one of variable freedom connection structure example is shown.Ball pivot 13 is arranged between building block 1A and the 1B, and Fig. 7 represents that building block 1A and 1B have three coupled condition that relatively rotate degree of freedom.At this moment, building block 1B goes up does not have the relation of being rigidly connected between pivotally attached swing component 14 and the building block 1A.Fig. 5 represents to have between building block 1A and the 1B captives joint relation (can not relative motion, freedom of motion is zero).At this moment the connector 14a of swing component 14 enters in the groove of the attaching parts 15 on the building block 1A, and spacing with not shown rigid connector (as bolt, pin, backing block etc.), can not deviate from from groove.
From state shown in Figure 7, the capstan winch 19 on the building block 1A draws connector 14a to enter in the groove of contiguous block 15 through cable 18, and is in addition spacing then, is exactly from the transformation of three degree of freedom to zero degree of freedom.
Above-mentioned variable freedom connection can be described as the 3-0 variable freedom and connects.
Ball pivot in the said structure replaces with the straight pin hinge of a pair of coaxial line, is exactly that the 1-0 variable freedom connects.
Fig. 8 and 9 is one of 6-0 variable freedom connection example.Respectively three of awl nest spare 22 and conehead spares 21 are arranged respectively on building block 1A and the 1B, only illustrate each one among the figure; Be no less than three bolted connections 25 between them in addition, also only illustrate one among the figure.When bolted connection 25 effectively the time, building block 1A and 1B can not relative motions among Fig. 8.Fig. 9 represents to interknit through three cables 23 (only illustrating among the figure) between building block 1A and 1B when bolted connection 25 is disassembled.At this moment the relative motion degree of freedom is 6.When capstan winch 24 coiling cables 23, two building blocks are drawn close mutually, and awl nest spare 22 coincide with conehead spare 21 and locatees, and makes bolt 25 connect and can recover easily.Cable 23 can consider to pass the medium pore of conehead, awl nest, and capstan winch can be selected the worm and gear transmission of auto-lock function for use, and these all are the practicality details.
1-0,3-0,6-0 variable freedom bonded assembly structure example have more than been enumerated.Utilize the customary means in the mechanical technique, the design of being not difficult connects from various variable freedoms such as 1-0 to 6-0.
Various variable freedom connection structures all are not difficult to adopt the removable structure in the mechanical technique, and promptly they are not permanent connection the (as welding) with member 1A and 1B entirely, and it is disassembled having a side (1A side or 1B side) at least.When the variable freedom connection structure was separated with a side member piece at least, the adjacent members piece separated fully, did not have contact mutually.In addition, when having function to need, ball pivot 13 can be considered to adopt quick clutch structure, is similar to rolling stock adaptor union (but should allow three-degree-of-freedom motion after engaging), also belongs to the practicality details.
Figure 10 illustrates the depth control device with float and winch.Winch 2 ' is installed on the platform 1, and float 25 is bubbled through the water column, and cable or chain 3 upwards are connected with float 25 through winch from weight 4 '.
Figure 11 illustrates an example of winch structure.Cable or chain 3 are walked around on drive wheel (rope sheave or the sprocket wheel) 26 of winch 2 ' and idle pulley 27.When the driver train of expression rotates drive wheel among the figure, can change the position of winch 2 ', thereby change the position of platform 1 with respect to cable or chain 3 (and weight 4 ') with respect to cable or chain 3, promptly change the position of platform with respect to the water surface.But winch does not change the position of float 25 with respect to weight 4 '; Only when cable or chain 3 tilted but not be arranged vertically, platform moved up and down and will cause a small amount of change of float height and position.The effect of the idle pulley 27 of Figure 11 is to increase hawser or the cornerite of chain 3 on drive wheel 27.
An advantage of the depth control device of band float 25 and winch 2 ' can be described as follows.The buoyancy of float 25 helps platform stablizing when the dive of wind sheltering wave.When flat-bed existence reserve buoyance approaches zero (if particularly it is slightly less than zero), anti-turning over is a problem deserving of attention, suitably arrange float 25, even in high sea environment very, even float has certain up-and-down movement amplitude, still can make flat-bed swing restriction within the specific limits.If this float directly is connected with platform 1, then float dive too during the platform dive, the power of depth control device will strengthen.Float is connected in cable or chain 3, and float did not sink basically when platform sank, and the buoyancy of float does not do work, and has just reduced the power requirement of depth control device, helps the lightweight of this device.
Described winch can also be made up of two common winchs.Wherein, a winch connects platform and anchor or weight, the degree of depth of control platform with rope or chain; Another connects platform and float, keeps float motionless or motionless substantially when platform changes the degree of depth.
In addition, described winch can also adopt two common winchs, a public primary mover synchronous working.It utilizes the tension force of platform top, the two sections ropes in below or chain to offset, and can reduce power demand (suitable with Figure 11 mechanism effect) greatly.
Site-assembled method and structure repeat no more as described above.
Obviously, under the prerequisite that does not break away from essence of the present invention, various unsteady facility structure can be arranged, be not limited to the disclosed structure of the foregoing description.
Claims (27)
1, a kind of using method of water floated platform is characterized in that, by changing the water plane area of platform structure profile, reduces the Wave Loads that the flat-bed system architecture is born under harsh environment, that is,
Under critical following wave environment, make platform have area on sizable waterline homalographic or the waterline, make platform have the normal operation ability;
Under the environment that critical above wave may occur, make platform have area on quite little waterline homalographic or the waterline, so that reduce the Wave Loads that the flat-bed system architecture is born.
2. a kind of using method of water floated platform is characterized in that, promptly changes the position of platform with respect to the water surface by the suitable dive of flat-bed, reduces the effect that wind carries and wave carries that the flat-bed system architecture is born under harsh environment, that is,
Under critical following wave environment, make platform be positioned at the normal operation position;
Under the environment that critical above wave may occur, make the degree of depth of platform dive, so that reduce the storm load effect that the flat-bed system architecture is born to design code.
3. a kind of using method of the described water floated platform of claim 1, it is characterized in that, under the environment that critical above wave may occur, platform is had under the situation of area on quite little waterline homalographic or the waterline, make the degree of depth of platform dive, so that further reduce the Wave Loads that the flat-bed system architecture is born to design code.
4. a kind of using method of water floated platform is characterized in that, by changing the flat-bed integral rigidity, reduces the storm load effect that platform structure bears under harsh environment, that is,
Under critical following wave environment, make platform have the good whole rigidity, make platform have the normal operation ability;
Under the environment that critical above wave may occur, make platform change into the less building block of span, be to flexibly connect between the adjacent members piece, so that reduce the storm load effect that platform structure bears.
5. water floated platform, its main body is light-duty framework, adopts the described using method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described platform has the change contour structure, that is,
Described platform structure has two kinds of different contour shapes at least, respectively has different water plane area;
Have at least a kind of profile 1 to have area on waterline homalographic that operation needs or the waterline;
At least also have a kind of profile 2 to have area on waterline homalographic that the operation of being far smaller than needs or the waterline, can reduce the Wave Loads that the flat-bed system architecture is born significantly.
6. the described water floated platform of claim 5 is characterized in that having change contour structure A, that is,
Described platform comprises first cabin that can intake, and described first cabin is positioned on the operating condition floating line;
Described first cabin has leads to extraneous watertight hatch door, and the height and position at bottom surface, first cabin and watertight compartment student edge is near the operating condition floating line;
When closing the watertight hatch door, platform tool has described profile 1, can make this cabin have area on the maximum waterline.
When opening the watertight hatch door, platform tool has described profile 2, can reduce area on the waterline in this cabin.
7. the described water floated platform of claim 5 is characterized in that having change contour structure B, that is,
Described platform comprises first cabin that can intake, and described first a cabin part is positioned on the operating condition floating line, and a part is positioned under the operating condition floating line;
Described first cabin has leads to extraneous watertight hatch door and freeing arrangement, and the height and position at bottom surface, first cabin and watertight compartment student edge is below the operating condition floating line;
When closing the watertight hatch door, platform tool has described profile 1, can make this cabin have area on the maximum waterline;
When opening the watertight hatch door, platform tool has described profile 2, can reduce area on the waterline in this cabin.
8. the described water floated platform of claim 5 is characterized in that having change contour structure C, that is,
Described platform comprises that bulkhead is the flexible cabin and the inflation exhaust gear of flexible material, and described flexible cabin is positioned near the water surface;
During described flexible cabin inflation, platform tool has described profile 1, can make this cabin have maximum water plane area;
When described flexible cabin exhaust was shunk, platform tool had described profile 2, can reduce area on the waterline in this cabin.
9. the described water floated platform of claim 5 is characterized in that having change contour structure D, that is,
Described platform comprises separable cabin, and described separable cabin is positioned near the water surface;
When platform was fixed in described separable cabin, platform tool had described profile 1, can make this cabin have maximum water plane area;
When described separable cabin broke away from platform, platform tool had described profile 2, can reduce the water plane area in this cabin.
10. according to the described water surface job platform of claim 5, it is characterized in that,
Described platform is made up of framework and buoyancy cabin;
Described framework has the buoyancy that is slightly larger than self gravitation, and described buoyancy cabin provides the platform operation required buoyancy;
Described framework is a space grid structure, can be divided into some assemblies, and the attaching parts between the assembly;
Each described assembly proportion is made up of rod member and dedicated node spare less than 1, is connected for easy assembling between rod member and the node spare.
11. according to the described water surface job platform of claim 10, it is characterized in that,
Described buoyancy cabin is described first cabin of claim 6 to 9, flexible cabin or separable cabin.
12. a water floated platform, its main body are light-duty framework, adopt the described using method of claim 2, it is characterized in that described platform has the depth control device, can change the position of platform with respect to the water surface.
13. the described water floated platform of claim 12 is characterized in that,
Described depth control device comprises, by rope or chain connect the winch of anchor, stake or weight, by rope or chain connection float winch, not only connected anchor, stake or weight but also connected winch, propelling unit or/and the ballast water device of float by rope or chain;
Described anchor, stake or weight stably are positioned at the bottom, can apply downward pulling force to platform through rope or chain;
Described depth control device can merge by all or part of and described flat-bed registration device;
Described float stably or is basically stably bubbled through the water column, and can apply to upper pulling force platform through rope or chain;
Float position was constant substantially when platform changed come-up or dive position.
14. the described water floated platform of claim 12, it is characterized in that, described platform has some separable sub-platforms, there is column to be connected between described platform and the described sub-platform, described column and described platform quadrature or oblique, described column can move along the column direction with respect to described platform, has jacking system to control described sub-platform and the described flat-bed position that relatively moves.
15. the described water floated platform of claim 14 is characterized in that, described column lower end is connected with a float unit, does as a whole motion with described float unit when described column moves.
16. a kind of using method of the described water floated platform of claim 14, it is characterized in that, when described platform reduces storm load according to the described using method dive of claim 2, make described sub-platform along the column direction with respect to described platform vertical or oblique moving up, make the bottom surface of described sub-platform leave distance of the water surface, so that reduce the water plane area of the whole plateform system formed by described platform, described sub-platform and described column, reduce the effect of wave to described plateform system.
17. the described water floated platform of claim 12, it is characterized in that, described platform has some separable sub-platforms, is disassembled captiveing joint between described platform and the described sub-platform, and disassembling to separate between the described platform in back and the described sub-platform can have chain, restricts and get in touch.
18. a kind of using method of the described water floated platform of claim 17 is characterized in that, when described platform reduced storm load according to the described using method dive of claim 2, described sub-platform can separate, not dive.
19. a water floated platform, its main body are light-duty framework, adopt the described using method of claim 4, it is characterized in that,
Described platform is made up of the structure body piece of less span more than 2, and the adjacent members piece connects with the variable freedom connecting device; Described variable freedom connecting device has two kinds of coupled condition at least, comprises that adjacent members piece relative motion degree of freedom is zero captive joint, and the flexible connection that the adjacent members piece can relative motion;
Described flexible connection has 1 rotational freedom at least, can have 6 freedom of motions at the most, or the separation fully of disintegrating.
20., it is characterized in that the span of platform all directions in horizontal surface is greater than the wavelength of the critical wave in waters, place according to each described water surface job platform in the claim 5 to 15,17 and 19;
There is the large tracts of land water surface in platform in the intrinsic curve scope of its floating line horizontal surface inner structure profile under operating condition, water surface area is more than 80% of the intrinsic curve scope gross area.
21. a kind of reduction storm load method of water floated platform is characterized in that, by changing the flat-bed reserve buoyance, improves the safety of platform in wave, that is,
Under the environment that critical above wave may occur, make platform have quite little and greater than zero existence reserve buoyance, so that reduce wave load;
Under critical following wave environment, make platform have sizable operation reserve buoyance, make facility have the normal operation ability.
22. reduction storm load method according to claim 21, it is characterized in that, may occur under the critical environment with windward and wave, making platform have quite little in greater than zero existence reserve buoyance, external downward pulling force is set, make it to act on floating platform, make the submerged depth of platform dive, so that further reduce wind load and wave load to design code.
23. a water floated platform is applicable to reduction storm load method according to claim 21, is made up of light-duty framework structure, it is characterized in that, it comprises first cabin that can intake, second cabin that can not intake; Wherein, described first cabin has leads to extraneous watertight hatch door, the height and position at watertight compartment student edge is more than come-up state floating line, contour with bottom surface, first cabin, perhaps described first cabin has the water filling freeing arrangement, is used to adapt to platform under operation reserve buoyance state, wind-force and wave load under the critical stormy waves environment, and platform is under existence reserve buoyance state, wind-force and wave load under the maximum stormy waves environment in waters, place.
24. a water floated platform is applicable to reduction storm load method according to claim 22, is made up of light-duty framework structure, it is characterized in that,
It comprises first cabin that can intake, second cabin, the puller system that can not intake;
Described first cabin has leads to extraneous watertight hatch door, and the height and position at watertight compartment student edge is more than come-up state floating line, and is contour with bottom surface, first cabin; Perhaps described first cabin has the water filling freeing arrangement;
Described puller system is to connect the winch of anchor or weight by rope or chain, or has the screw propeller of vertical axial or variable axial;
Described puller system can merge by all or part of and described flat-bed registration device, being used to adapt to platform is under the operation reserve buoyance condition, critical following wind-force and wave load, and platform is under the existence reserve buoyance condition, when being in design code submerged depth position, the maximum wind power in waters, place and wave load.
25. according to claim 23 or 24 described water floated platforms, it is characterized in that the main body of described light-duty framework is made up of tubing and tubular-shaped structures, part or all of first cabin and second cabin are arranged in the described hollow structure; The span of floating platform all directions in horizontal surface is greater than the wavelength of the critical wave in waters, place; And described water floated platform has under the come-up state of operation reserve buoyance, has the large tracts of land water surface in the intrinsic curve scope of its floating line horizontal surface inner structure profile, and water surface area is more than 80% of the intrinsic curve scope gross area.
26., it is characterized in that described light-duty framework is divided into less span building block relatively independent more than 2 according to claim 23 or 24 described water floated platforms, the adjacent members piece connects with the variable freedom connecting device.
27. according to the described water floated platform of claim 25, it is characterized in that, described variable freedom connecting device has two kinds of coupled condition when connecting, comprise that adjacent members piece relative motion degree of freedom is that the multiple degree of freedom that zero captive joint and adjacent members piece can relative motions connects, described multiple degree of freedom connection has 3 rotational freedoms at least, perhaps disassembles each building block of back and separates mutual nothing contact fully.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02125379 CN1453184A (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2002-07-30 | Water floated platform and its storm load reducing method |
| AU2003236163A AU2003236163A1 (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2003-04-25 | A method to decrease wind-wave load for water-surface fixation-site platform and related platform |
| PCT/CN2003/000304 WO2003091092A1 (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2003-04-25 | A method to decrease wind-wave load for water-surface fixation-site platform and related platform |
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| CN02117180 | 2002-04-25 | ||
| CN02117180.7 | 2002-04-25 | ||
| CN02123868.5 | 2002-07-05 | ||
| CN02123868 | 2002-07-05 | ||
| CN 02125379 CN1453184A (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2002-07-30 | Water floated platform and its storm load reducing method |
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| CN1453184A true CN1453184A (en) | 2003-11-05 |
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| CN110107454A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-08-09 | 张英华 | Floating type Oversea wind power generation and Wave power generation equipment and control method |
| CN112660324A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-04-16 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for estimating tension extreme value of tension leg platform under action of shear waves |
| CN113086111A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-07-09 | 叶可 | Overwater combined platform |
| CN114228948A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-03-25 | 闽江学院 | Auxiliary crane equipment for deep sea fishing |
| CN115749440A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-03-07 | 中交华融河北建设发展有限公司 | Safety isolation equipment for highway construction |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4674918A (en) * | 1985-09-06 | 1987-06-23 | Kalpins Alexandrs K | Anchoring floating structural body in deep water |
| GB2224058A (en) * | 1988-09-08 | 1990-04-25 | Martin Giles Brown | Description and applications of an easy disconnect, motion decoupling top joint for OTEC |
| CA2083646A1 (en) * | 1991-11-29 | 1993-05-30 | Masateru Niimura | Semisubmersible building |
| CN1049633C (en) * | 1996-03-30 | 2000-02-23 | 朱绍祥 | Variable-load water float system engineering |
| CN2392728Y (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2000-08-23 | 容文添 | Combined floating platform on water |
-
2002
- 2002-07-30 CN CN 02125379 patent/CN1453184A/en active Pending
-
2003
- 2003-04-25 WO PCT/CN2003/000304 patent/WO2003091092A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-04-25 AU AU2003236163A patent/AU2003236163A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| CN110107454A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-08-09 | 张英华 | Floating type Oversea wind power generation and Wave power generation equipment and control method |
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| CN112660324A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-04-16 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for estimating tension extreme value of tension leg platform under action of shear waves |
| CN114228948A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-03-25 | 闽江学院 | Auxiliary crane equipment for deep sea fishing |
| CN114228948B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2023-08-18 | 闽江学院 | Auxiliary crane equipment for deep sea salvage |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2003091092A1 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
| AU2003236163A1 (en) | 2003-11-10 |
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