CN1158314A - Hydrofoil crafts - Google Patents
Hydrofoil crafts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1158314A CN1158314A CN 96100484 CN96100484A CN1158314A CN 1158314 A CN1158314 A CN 1158314A CN 96100484 CN96100484 CN 96100484 CN 96100484 A CN96100484 A CN 96100484A CN 1158314 A CN1158314 A CN 1158314A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hull
- hydrofoil
- ship
- hydrofoil boat
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
A hydrofoil ship is composed of water surface hull, single underwater hull and main hydrofoil. The water surface hull has wider buttock. The float center of underwater hull is before gravity center of whole ship and the bearing center of main hydrofoil is after the gravity center. The main hydrofoil may be telescopic. A propeller and front hydrofoil can be selectively arranged at bow of underwater hull. Its advantages include simple and firm structure, high speed, stable and comfortable running, shallow floating line, less wave resistance and easy maintenance.
Description
The present invention relates to the boats and ships of a kind of operation transport field communications and transportation, particularly relate to a kind of hydrofoil boat (Hydrofoil Crafts) of novel special construction.
The known phenomenon of a kind of widely shipbuilding circles, the factor that promptly influences displacement formula water surface ship speed maximum is " making wave resistance ".When ship's speed speeds, its Fo Shi number
, often be reduced in the practicality
Be speed/length ratio) increase, make wave resistance more than 0.5 and increase ratio and accelerate rapidly (to consult Taiwan when the Fo Shi number increases in the platform printshop, bibliogony society of central authorities, January in 1976 1 edition, the 112nd page), this phenomenon makes the speed of at present general displacement formula surface ship be limited to Fn=1.34 and travels with interior.Making wave resistance is the critical surface that is formed at air and water, so the design of nearly all high speed vessel all is to manage to avoid or reduce the contact of this critical surface area.For example hydrofoil boat is with the floating water surface of going up of hull; Submarine then slips into the water surface, when it slips into to three times of the hull diameters own or the above degree of depth, it is made wave resistance and almost can ignore and (see also Taiwan in the platform printshop, bibliogony society of central authorities, January in 1976 1 edition, the 140th page), the resistance that is produced only has friction force and eddy resistance, therefore with regard to identical ship length and displacement of volume, Submarine has bigger speed potentiality than general drainage type surface ship.As 3700 tons of the A Erfa of the former Soviet Union (ALFA) level Submarine weight, 47000 shaft horsepower, speed can be greater than 42 joints (drawing materials from the 524th page of Zhan Shi Jane ' s battleship yearbook 1985-86) under water, and is almost all fast than all United States Frigates.
Though hydrofoil boat and Submarine can reach high-revolving effect, yet its shortcoming is arranged respectively.The present maximum tonnage of hydrofoil boat is below 400 tons, this is because when the ship size increases, the increase of its weight is fast more than increasing to of hydrofoil lift, the increase of its weight (or volume) is to be directly proportional with the cube of size, and its lift (or blade area) is square increase that is directly proportional with size, so volume is unsuitable excessive.The hydrofoil and the propelling unit of the formula that can contract again (Retractable) hydrofoil boat are all collapsible, thereby conveniently berth, yet the structure of its driving system is but quite complicated; Though and the structure of fixed type hydrofoil boat is comparatively simple, also can be made into bigger volume, when ship when shallow water area is operated, the danger that its hydrofoil need be worried and be collided with the seabed, and the maintenance of its hydrofoil is also comparatively difficult.
With regard to the shortcoming of Submarine, it is that a kind of manufacturing cost is the highest again, and the operation the most complicated, again because of its be a kind of never to see the sun or the sky, take least comfortable ship, so be not suitable for as the commercialization.
Hybrid hydrofoil boat in the relevant United States Navy newest research results, this ship has its unique distinction on the stationarity in speed, voyage and wave, but its hydrofoil is the hull that is fixed under water, drinking water is very dark when marine low speed is advanced or berth, make it have the shortcoming identical with the fixed type hydrofoil boat, i.e. drinking water is dark, hydrofoil maintains shortcomings such as difficult.
Again the applicant once on April 11st, 1989 to the United States Patent Office (USPO) application patent of " Hydrofoil Submarine Vessel Systems ", its number of checking and approving is No. 4819576.This case provides makes the large-tonnage ship and with speed, voyage, stationarity and can operate in characteristic than neritic zone, yet this case still has two shortcomings, promptly the ship systems among first embodiment is to be divided into two separable hulls, link with univesal wheelwork again, two hulls are linked together with pivot link in a second embodiment, with regard on the structure, this everything and swivel device are the most fragile parts, and two hulls is unified in conjunction with also greatly inconvenience when operation, and the expense of making, operating and maintaining is all very uneconomical.
The objective of the invention is to, shortcoming at above-mentioned two cases and general hydrofoil boat and Submarine is improved, and provide a kind of hydrofoil boat of new structure, make it have special " leaning over " method of operation, and the structure of the special hull of cooperation the present invention, make high speed surface ship of the present invention more simplification and firm on drive structure, can can contract, absorb water more shallow, maintenance advantage such as easy again with quick, steady, comfortable, the hydrofoil of the formula hydrofoil boat that can contract, and more not have the tonnage restriction and make wave resistance little with Submarine be excellent characteristic such as oily efficient height.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical scheme.A kind of hydrofoil boat, its by a water surface hull, under water hull and at least one pair of main wing constituted, it is characterized in that: water surface hull is provided with a wide stern section, at low speed or when berthing, above-mentioned wide stern section provides the buoyancy of essence to hydrofoil boat; Hull is a single hull (Single) under water, is connected with the bottom of hull on the water, and it is a long and narrow hull structure, so that buoyancy to be provided; The center of buoyance of above-mentioned again hull under water is arranged in the place ahead of hydrofoil boat center of gravity; Main wing is arranged in the bottom of ship, and the hydrodynamic force supporting power center that main wing produced is the rear that is positioned at the hydrofoil boat center of gravity, and main wing is for providing the main supporting power of hydrofoil boat center of gravity back segment when high speed; Has one section cooresponding distance (Substantial Distance) between the hydrodynamic force supporting center of the center of buoyance of above-mentioned hull under water and above-mentioned main wing.Hydrofoil boat, its bottom of wherein said long and narrow hull under water adds the hull under the swept-out that has that greater room and draining buoyancy are provided, and it is generally similar submarine or torpedo-shaped.
Hydrofoil boat, wherein said its two side of a ship of hull down, the bow section of close hydrofoil boat adds at least one pair of preceding hydrofoil that helps control pitching (Pitching) and rolling (Rolling) usefulness.
Hydrofoil boat, the wherein said back upper place of its nose of hull down is equiped with stem spiral shell slurry propelling unit.
Hydrofoil boat, its both sides device of stem spiral shell slurry propelling unit of wherein said hull down has the hydrofoil that can adjust leaning angle, and double as is starched angle of rake structure for protection stem spiral shell.
Hydrofoil boat, wherein said its inner near stem section apparatus of hull down has water jet propelling unit.
Hydrofoil boat, two sides of a ship bottom of wherein said its wide stern section of water surface hull respectively adds the stabilizing float body that increases the static(al) static pitching stability when helping low speed.
Hydrofoil boat, the stem section of wherein said hydrofoil boat, two sides of a ship of the nearly bottom of long and narrow hull under water add the preceding hydrofoil of promoting pitching and rolling control.
Purpose of the present invention also can be realized by following technical scheme.A kind of hydrofoil boat, it is by water surface hull, down hull, at least one pair of main wing and at least two pillars are constituted, and it is characterized in that: the stern section of water surface hull is broad wide stern section, and at low speed or when berthing, above-mentioned wide stern section provides the buoyancy supporting power of essence; Following hull is a streamline contour floating drum body, is positioned at the below of ship, so that main buoyancy to be provided; The center of buoyance that descends hull again is the place ahead that is arranged in the hydrofoil boat center of gravity; Main wing system is arranged in the bottom of ship, and the hydrodynamic force supporting power center that main wing produced is the rear that is positioned at the hydrofoil boat center of gravity; Main wing provides the main supporting power of hydrofoil boat center of gravity back segment when high speed; Between the center of buoyance of above-mentioned again hull down and the hydrodynamic force supporting power center of main wing, has one section cooresponding distance; Two pillars are that the pillar that connects both is narrow and high between water surface hull and following hull, and the leading edge tip shape of for the benefit of ploughing the waves.
A kind of hydrofoil boat, its by a water surface hull, under water hull, at least one pair of main wing and a pair of before hydrofoil constituted, it is characterized in that: water surface hull is provided with a wide stern section, and the stem section is narrow shape, at low speed or when berthing, water surface hull provides most buoyancy; Hull is the elongated bodies of a prolate under water, is connected the bottom of hull waterborne, and its leading edge is for the benefit of cut the tip shape that water advances; Main wing is arranged in the bottom of hull under water, and is positioned at ship stern section, bears supporting power and rolling balancing force more than 60% when high speed; Preceding hydrofoil is arranged in the nearly bottom of stem section of hull under water, and the balancing force of part supporting power and pitching is provided when high speed.
The present invention compared with prior art has tangible advantage and good effect.By above technical scheme as can be known, hydrofoil boat of the present invention, be that hull and main wing are constituted under water by a water surface hull, a monomer, the stern section broad of water surface hull wherein, the center of buoyance of hull is arranged in the place ahead of full ship center of gravity under water, in addition the supporting power center of main wing then is arranged in the inclined to one side rear of its center of gravity, and main wing is made the formula structure that can contract where necessary, or the bow section apparatus propelling unit and the preceding hydrofoil of hull under water; So, can manifest following effect:
1. during owing to high speed, buoyancy is forwardly, and main wing is at inclined to one side rear, then has the trend of born (Inherently) pitching (Pitching) balance;
2. when high speed, the stern section of the water surface hull that main wing can be bigger with immersion (Wetted) area is lifted away from the water surface, to reduce water resistance, is suitable for very much fast boat;
Since under water the center of buoyance of hull be in inclined to one side the place ahead, therefore full hull is oblique after a while at a slow speed or when berthing, the darkest underwater hull of drinking water can be floated, so can reduce draft, can keep in repair the propelling unit and the preceding hydrofoil (the 4th embodiment as described later) that are contained in the place ahead again easily; The stern section of water surface hull broad immerses in the water at this moment again, and can keep static (Static) balance.
In sum, the present invention can overcome the shortcoming of aforementioned two cases and general hydrofoil boat and Submarine effectively, and provide a kind of hydrofoil boat of new structure, it has special " leaning over " method of operation, and the structure of the special hull of cooperation the present invention, make high speed surface ship of the present invention more simplification and firm on drive structure, can can contract, absorb water more shallow, maintenance advantage such as easy again with quick, steady, comfortable, the hydrofoil of the formula hydrofoil boat that can contract, and more not have the tonnage restriction and make wave resistance little with Submarine be excellent characteristic such as oily efficient height.
The structural attitude of hydrofoil boat of the present invention, principle of work, method of operation and good function can be provided by following five embodiment and accompanying drawing detailed description thereof.
Before further describing, now jargoon of the present invention is summarized as follows, understand content of the present invention to help.Following term has special meaning in the present invention:
Oblique body method of operation: refer to the distinctive ship method of operation of the present invention, it is that ship is tilted forward or backward along the longitudinal direction line of centers, reaching the reduction water resistance, or reduces the ship method of operation of draft.
Flight: refer to hydrofoil boat at high speed of the present invention (generally between 20 joints-65 joints) navigation, its water surface hull is floated off the water surface and is kept this state navigation.
Take off: in referring to that hydrofoil boat of the present invention is just quickening, be about to reach " flight " state.
Land: in referring to that hydrofoil boat of the present invention is just slowing down, water is touched in water surface hull bottom, and whole ship will support with displacement formula buoyancy entirely.
Fig. 1 is the lateral plan of hydrofoil boat first embodiment of the present invention, is at " flight " state at this moment.
Fig. 2 is the section-drawing of A-A among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 1, and part does not show underwater.
Fig. 4 is the back view of Fig. 1, and the stage casing propelling unit does not show.
Fig. 5 is the front elevation of Fig. 1, and stern section main wing does not show.
Fig. 6 is the lateral plan of hydrofoil boat first embodiment, is presented at low speed or parked state.
Fig. 7 is the lateral plan of hydrofoil first embodiment, and demonstration will be received on all hydrofoils, to reduce draft.
Fig. 8 is the lateral plan of second embodiment, and it is the speedboat of travelling, and diagram is at " flight " state.
Fig. 9 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the section-drawing of B-B among Fig. 8.
Figure 11 is the section-drawing of C-C among Fig. 8.
Figure 12 is the accommodation design of second embodiment, is the lateral plan of stem section part.
Figure 13 is the lateral plan of hydrofoil boat the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the part ship bow part front elevation among Figure 13.
Figure 15 is the lateral plan of hydrofoil boat the 4th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 16 is the part ship bow part front elevation among Figure 14.
Figure 17 is the birds-eye view of Figure 15.
Figure 18 is another flexible design-calculated part-structure scheme drawing of fourth embodiment of the invention.
Figure 19 is the lateral plan of hydrofoil boat the 5th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 20 is the ship bow part part front elevation among Figure 19.
Figure 21 is the ship stern part back view of Figure 19.Figure 22; 31 water inlets, 32 water jets, 36 ailerons, 40 wedged bottoms, 42 cleaning doors, 43 sieve plates, 44 pumps, 45 motors, 47 cleaning holes, 20 secondary propeller 21 sideways-acting propellers 23 chimneys 24 sterns 25 stern rudders 26 backplates, 30 bottoms, 48 handles at the bottom of the front hydrofoil 11 other posts 12 bow rudders 13 pillar rotating shafts 14 sharp ship noses of 2 times hulls of hull (at longitudinal center's line, more than the waterline), 3 elongated bodies 4 floating drum body (stablizing body) 5 decks (being stretched to two sides of a ship by central authorities) 6 bridges (driving cabin), 7 stem propellers (inspiration formula) 8 propellers (propeller formula), 9 main wings 10 15 secondary lower 16 times stem end 17 gateways of hull (at lower hull) 18 pillars on the Figure 23 are that the principle of hydrofoil boat of the present invention explains orally scheme drawing.1 (can contracting formula) 19 V-arrangements
81 propelling units (can go up tiltedly)
91 fixed type main wings
The leaning angle of the long excellent BR of A
A1 main wing " flight " angle of attack
The A2 main wing low speed angle of attack
Oblique angle, overwater boat body deck during A3 " flight "
Oblique angle, overwater boat body deck during A4 low speed
A5 operates in oblique angle, body deck, shallow water territory " surface ship "
The long rod of BR
Draft during D1 " flight "
D2 shallow water territory operation draft
D3 deepwater field operation draft
The center of gravity of the long excellent BR of GC
The H1 water surface hull during its representative " flight ", removes elongated bodies 3
In addition, the hull of the part that surfaces is called for short surface ship
H2 is hull under water, represents elongated bodies and following hull, letter
Claim ship under water
P ship total weight
B is the buoyancy of ship under water
L represents the lift of main wing
The LD sandy beach, the land face
2LN represents the length of long excellent BR
Distance between S1 P and L
Distance between S2 B and P
V represents the displacement of a long excellent end
-V represents the negative displacement of the long excellent other end
The waterline of WLO parked state
The low-tach waterline of WL1
Waterline during WL2 flight
The WL3 deepwater field low speed or the waterline that berths
WLC is the center of water drag line (at Fig. 1) of ship H2 under water
See also Fig. 1 to shown in Figure 7, be first embodiment of hydrofoil boat of the present invention, it is to utilize the example that adds hydrofoil in ship stern section, and present embodiment is constructional to be characterized as:
By a water surface hull (being designated hereinafter simply as " surface ship ") H1 with one under water hull (being designated hereinafter simply as " ship under water ") H2 mix vessels hull constructions, both connect the elongated bodies narrow and long by one 3, the middle body of surface ship H1 is last hull 1, the stern section of ship and stage casing then are wide decks 5, two sides of a ship are provided with floating drum body 4, the usefulness of stablizing during for low speed, 14 usefulness of point ship nose for cleaving at a high speed, ship stern section is provided with a pair of formula main wing 9 that contracts, lift L and control rolling are provided when high speed, the place ahead of superstructure is a bridge (driving compartment) 6, the top is a chimney 23, and ship H2 is-the swept-out structure under water, is a bigger tubular body, following hull 2 provides main buoyancy, its nearly tail place is provided with propelling unit 8, and it can be spiral shell slurry formula, in order to the propulsive force when cruising to be provided, bow is provided with a pair of preceding hydrofoil 10, to help control pitching and rolling motion.Before hydrofoil 10 in order to control pitching (Pitching) and jolt (Heaving) also must produce negative lift sometimes, main wing 9 and should be made the element that can control rolling (Rolling) except suitable lift is provided.
Add the total weight that ship H2 under water adds elongated bodies 3 as for the tonnage of hydrofoil boat of the present invention for surface ship H1, because ship H2 is as Submarine under water, can be made into any tonnage in case of necessity, therefore hydrofoil boat of the present invention not only goes for canoe, also can make bigger heavylier than traditional hydrofoil boat, this is one of good characteristics of the present invention.
Now the method for operation and the function declaration of hydrofoil boat of the present invention is as follows: Fig. 1 shows the state of present embodiment hydrofoil boat when high speed " flight ", whole surface ship H1 is lifted away from the water surface and travels, waterline when WL2 is flight, along waterline WL2 is the critical surface of water and air, and that is that ship is made wave resistance when advancing and formed part.This place is provided with a narrow and long elongated bodies 3 (as shown in Figure 2) in the present invention, its two ends shape is as tip shape the cutter, the influence of making wave resistance and the external wave of reduction in order to the cutting water surface and attenuating itself, the pillar 18 of main wing 9 (can be designed to the formula that can contract) is right after after elongated bodies 3, in order to reduce the resistance of water.As can be seen, elongated bodies 3 and pillar 18 are being supported the weight of whole surface ship H1 when " flight " from Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, and its bearing capacity is from the net buoyancy of ship H2 and elongated bodies 3 and the hydrodynamic lift L of main wing 9 under water.The surface ship H1 of hydrofoil boat of the present invention can reach " flight " and maintain under the state of " balance " (seeing also shown in Figure 1), that is: in following state
Horizontal direction power: water and air resistance=propeller thrust (not shown)
Vertical forces: ship total weight (P)=gross buoyancy (B)+main wing liter
Power (L).
Wherein, gross buoyancy (B) is the i.e. ship H2 row under water of submerged body
Water buoyancy adds elongated bodies 3 draining buoyancy.
Longitudinal axis moment of area: L * S1=B * S2.(air and water resistance are produced
Moment is compared very little with following formula, for simplifying meter, so not
List in)
In the formula, L is the lift of main wing, and S1 is ship gross weight P
And distance between main wing lift L, B is a ship under water
Buoyancy, S2 are under water between ship buoyancy and ship gross weight P
Distance.
By among following formula and Fig. 1 as can be seen, hydrofoil boat of the present invention has an obvious characteristics, be the lift L of main wing 9 and the buoyancy B of ship under water is that longitudinal direction line of centers along ship distributes and staggers mutually, between the two and have a cooresponding distance, for example be S1+S2 (as shown in Figure 1) in the present embodiment, the hybrid hydrofoil boat of this and United States Navy differs widely.
Above-mentioned feature has following advantage, that is:
1. with the hybrid hydrofoil boat of tonnage fixed type hydrofoil boat and USN compare, the present embodiment hydrofoil boat can be in more shallow waters operation.As shown in Figure 7, when the present embodiment hydrofoil boat so that operational drive is in thin waterway at a slow speed, can Submarine the method for come-up, discharge the interior ballast water of ship H2 under water, making under water, the ship bow part of ship H2 floats, simultaneously ship stern 24 is because of being at lower-speed state, zero-lift, so nature descends, and with floating drum body 4 immersion of two sides of a ship to stablize ship, pack up main wing 9 simultaneously, the draft extreme of this moment is shallow water territory operation draft D2 (as shown in Figure 7), the 70-80% of draft D1 (as Fig. 1) when it is about " flight "; And general fixed type hydrofoil boat and the hybrid hydrofoil boat of USN, when its during at a slow speed draft not only can not reduce on the contrary than more deepening when " flight ", its degree of depth is deepwater field operation draft D3 (as shown in Figure 1), when being about flight 115% of draft D1.
2. have the unexistent ability of controlling pitching motion voluntarily of general hydrofoil boat during present embodiment hydrofoil boat " flight ", and have stable equilibrium's trend, so the utmost point is suitable for little type ship.(this points out in the lump, as following examples two, consults Fig. 8 to Figure 10, because of it has the elongated bodies stem of elongation forward, so more see its effect).When the present embodiment hydrofoil boat was with ease ahead as shown in Figure 6, water level was WL1, and floating drum body 4 immersions of ship stern both sides are to keep water balance.Bigger main wing low speed angle of attack A2 is arranged this moment, and hull inclined (overwater boat body deck oblique angle A4 when being low speed) after a while at that time, pick up speed in the time of " taking off ", and main wing low speed angle of attack A2 helps main wing 9 to produce enough lift to help " taking off ".See also shown in Figure 1, because the lift L of main wing is in ship stern section, therefore produce above-mentioned longitudinal axis moment of area L * S1, and lift the ship stern, the angle of attack of hydrofoil 10 or discharge that the ballast water in the ship H2 or both carry out simultaneously at ship bow part under water before adjusting this moment, to produce another longitudinal axis moment of area B * S2, stem is also lifted to reach " flight " state.Waterline WL2 when the center of water drag line WLC of ship H2 is with flight under water at this moment parallels, and resistance is less, and ship has fast speeds, so its main wing flying drilling angle A1 is little compared with the main wing flying drilling angle A2 (as shown in Figure 6) before flying.If there is certain factor (as moving of personnel or load) that ship total weight P is moved backward, then the ship stern is depressed slightly, and this moment, main wing flying drilling angle A1 nature strengthened with the layback of hull.The main wing lift L that it produced also increases thereupon naturally, this will help the ship stern to float with the sweptback action of control hull, opposite, reach descends stem as ship total weight P, the bow immersion volume of elongated bodies 3 increases thereupon, buoyancy also increases thereupon, this helps to set upright the decline of stem, this kind phenomenon is more obvious in a second embodiment, because they are provided with one to the stem that protracts, it produced, and to set upright buoyancy bigger, even therefore do not install hydrofoil additional at bow in this embodiment, also can control the hull action of over-tilting forward voluntarily.When " flight ", whole immersion part can be as (consulting shown in Figure 2) streamline contour structure the fish, can reduce the resistance of water, ship H2 (as shown in Figure 1) gos deep in the water under water, therefore make wave resistance and greatly reduce, so just can improve fuel efficiency, speed ship's speed.
See also Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, at the bottom of the bottom of last hull 1 and floating drum body 4 is provided with V-arrangement 19 with wedged bottom 40, these two parts are inclined end face, for being easy to the sliding movable surface of " taking off " design-calculated.
Traditional type hydrofoil boat propeller propelling unit generally is to be contained in the main wing pillar end of (being equivalent to the pillar 18 among Fig. 1) again, because the space in the pillar is less, and driving system is the organizational structure that belongs to complicated and must possess rugged construction, so to locate not be the position that belongs to desirable; But then can avoid this shortcoming in the present invention, for example embodiments of the invention (as Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 8) propeller propelling unit 8 is provided in a side of the afterbody of hull 2 down, and be provided with crash-resistant supporting construction, and only install stern rudder 25 in the pillar 18, pillar 18 in-to-ins structure is greatly simplified.By among Fig. 1 as can be seen, when the present embodiment hydrofoil boat during at the deepwater field low-speed handing its deepwater field low speed waterline be WL3, and be provided with down hull 15 under the less pair on the hull 2 in addition, in order to increase buoyancy and space, it is provided with the following stem end 16 (as shown in Figure 2) of a water droplet shape, which is provided with bow rudder 12, in order to increase turning performance and to help control driftage (Yawing) motion, pillar 18 upper ends are provided with pillar rotating shaft 13 and are connected to hull 1.
The present embodiment hydrofoil boat when with low speed when shallow water area is operated, can use another characteristic of hydrofoil boat of the present invention: tiltedly two of the body method of operation, in order to reduce total draft (consulting shown in Figure 7); Being about to whole hull tilts to the other end (stern end), have the water surface deck in ship structure oblique angle A5 that tangible casterangle promptly operates in the shallow water territory on the deck 5, WLO then is its waterline, ship H2 bow is exposed to the water surface under water, main wing 9 shrinks with preceding hydrofoil 10, to reduce resistance and to reduce drinking water in order to avoid touch the end, put into water with the auxiliary secondary propelling unit 20 of two liftables and rotation this moment, with as advancing, retreat, turn round, (this is a known technology to the usefulness of brake, non-claim of the present invention is not so give unnecessary details), the top of ship H2 is provided with gangway 17 under water, which is provided with a clean-out cover, and be that open mode is with convenient turnover or maintenance this moment.During adopting said method, the maximum angle (as oblique angle, the deck A5 of Fig. 7) of leaning over should not be principle (in 10 degree) even as big as influence operation and passenger comfortable, if needed, should be in necessary part, for example desk, dining table etc. install automatic leveling device additional.
The design of surface ship H1 in the present invention should have light and strong design, its similar material that can use traditional hydrofoil boat is made, and hull H2 is more insensitive to weight down, therefore can adopt ferrous materials, the intensity of elongated bodies 3 is most important, can adopt high strength steel to make, should be placed in as far as possible during if any bigger machinery and equipment of weight and load (as oil plant) under water in the ship H2, the less load of personnel and proportion can be placed in the surface ship H1.
As previously mentioned, the tonnage of hydrofoil boat of the present invention is changeable, and the ratio of displacement buoyancy and hydrofoil lift when its " flight " (being designated hereinafter simply as " buoyancy/lift " ratio) also can be different because of the tonnage size, and tonnage is bigger in principle, and buoyancy more greatly.Argosy (as warship or visitor, freighter etc.) is according to as described in the embodiment one, its ratio may be greater than 70/30, and little type ship (as individual speedboat) is as described later as described in second embodiment and the 5th embodiment, and its ratio may be little of 30/70, even be about 5/95 in the 5th embodiment.
See also Fig. 8 to shown in Figure 11, be second embodiment of hydrofoil boat of the present invention, it is the speedboat of travelling, and it is contracted formula (upward) propelling unit 81 that adopts small-sized speedboat commonly used, it is the formula that can contract also that both sides are provided with two main wings 9, and is contained in the afterbody of two floating drum bodies 4.The present embodiment and the first routine difference are not install little hydrofoil, and the hull under water of present embodiment is an elongated bodies 3 again, is to protrusive shape, and considerable buoyancy can be provided, its characteristic as described above, this no longer repeats.The present embodiment hydrofoil boat can be dragged the Shanghai or be dragged away with trailer, is suitable for the canoe of travelling.Again as seen from Figure 10, the hull under water that is elongated bodies 3 is as the boatrace, suitable running at high speed.Figure 12 is the accommodation design of present embodiment, in order to increase the pungency of travelling, special before the bottom of stem section adds hydrofoil 10, the hydrofoil boat that makes present embodiment can be broken the water when running at high speed very much.
See also Figure 13, shown in Figure 14, the 3rd embodiment for hydrofoil boat of the present invention, wherein Figure 13 is that hydrofoil boat patrols the lateral plan of sailing at a high speed, its birds-eye view is identical with Fig. 9, and Figure 14 is its part front elevation, and three figure can find out thus, the surface ship H1 structure of present embodiment hydrofoil boat is similar to second embodiment, but the structure of ship H2 differs widely under water, and it is to be made of hull 2 under the tubular, and is linked to each other with surface ship H1 by two crash-resistant pillars 39.Present embodiment again the stem section add a pair of before hydrofoil 10, to promote the control ability of pitching and rolling (Pitching and Rolling).Present embodiment is suitable for very at a high speed the ship of (generally more than 40 joint Knots).
See also Figure 15 to shown in Figure 180, for the present invention the 4th implements, with regard to principle, it is different that present embodiment and first embodiment there is no, but textural present embodiment is that propelling unit is installed in the stem end.Above configuration has two advantages, and the first, the stem end does not have sinuous flow, can improve the efficient of propelling; The second, repair or when maintaining propelling unit, propelling unit can be exposed or, have the function that reduces service expenditure near the water surface (as Figure 15 and shown in Figure 180, the water surface curve when WLO is the parked state maintenance).As can be seen from Figure 15; stem propelling unit 7 is the tops that are installed in down hull 2; it can be the inspiration formula; and following hull 2 extends to the front end of propelling unit 7; so anxiety in touchless seabed; hydrofoil 10 before its both sides is provided with again; when ease ahead, the effect that preceding hydrofoil 10 is unable, it can abovely receive (as shown in figure 16) more can protect propelling unit 7; hydrofoil 10 is provided with aileron 36 (as shown in figure 17) before two; but left-right rotation, it acts on as yaw rudder, can help to control the travel direction of ship; main wing is a fixed type main wing 91, to reduce manufacturing cost.
The surface ship H1 structure of present embodiment is more simplified, and it is provided with floating drum body 4 (liptinite) in the stern section, but its stern broad (as shown in figure 17), stern is provided with wide deck 5, the rolling balance when helping boat stationary.
Figure 18 is that the present embodiment hydrofoil boat uses water jet (Water-Jet) angle of rake flexible design.Water inlet 31 is located at down the leading portion bottom 30 of hull 2; water injector 32 backwards; the nose of following hull 2 and below be provided with backplate 26; in order to protection motor 45 and pump 44; clean-out door 42 is provided in a side of on the water surface curve WLO of parked state; it can be opened and be beneficial to cleaning, can clear up sea grass foreign material in sieve plate 43 and the pump 44 via cleaning hole 47 again.Therefore its maintenance is comparatively simple, will not drag disembarkation by ship, and this is the main good function of present embodiment.
See also Figure 19, Figure 20, shown in Figure 21, be the 5th embodiment of hydrofoil boat of the present invention, it is people's Wave Race (Water Moter-Bike), be characterized in that hull is more flat narrower elongated bodies 3 under water, when high speed (the waterline WL2 during flight) it provides very small buoyancy.This moment, main wing 91 provided most supporting power in ship stern section, preceding hydrofoil 10 provides aiding support power in the stem section, flat narrow elongated bodies 3 is in order to reduce water resistance, its do try one's best flat narrow and firm, especially bottom 30 and the bottom of main wing 91 (as shown in figure 21) are strong design more, can tripartite confrontation in or dragged on the LD of sandy beach (as the land face LD of Figure 21), Figure 20 and Figure 21 show that two outer rims of promptly preceding hydrofoil 10 of both wings and main wing 91 are all upward, (waterline for flight time waterline WL2) becomes surface piercing foil (Surface Piercing Foils) when unusual high speed, but the height of the balance of automatic compensation hull and " flight ", other post 11 is in order to strengthen main wing 91, oblique one side of chaufeur health during turning, and swing handle 48 (as the driving motor bike).Present embodiment is suitable for the motion speedboat.
Now principle and the application thereof with the hybrid hydrofoil boat of the present invention is summarized as follows:
The present invention utilizes special ship method of operation and the structure of a cover that physics, fluid mechanics and trigonometry principle and shipbuilding and mechanical industry technological incorporation form, in the hope of the quick performance that can improve ship and reduce its operating cost.
See also Figure 22, shown in Figure 23, with regard to basic trigonometry, the length of the excellent BR of length of a horizon (as shown in figure 22) is 2LN, and the center of gravity of long excellent BR is GC; When long excellent BR angle of inclination is leaning angle A, the vertical displacement at its two ends is V=LN * SinA, its displacement is directly proportional with length L N, when length L N is very big, change minimum leaning angle A and can produce considerable vertical displacement, utilize this kind phenomenon (as shown in figure 23) when hull, front end is done the barrel-contoured hull 2 down of streamlining, and install with propelling unit 8, the rear end is widened and is installed main wing 9 additional, and then this duration rod BR is the vessels hull constructions of a hydrofoil boat of the present invention.By as can be known shown in Figure 23, vertical displacement V and-V will disappear by regulating leaning angle A, this means that promptly the angle that changes leaning angle A can make draft increase, and tendency also can make draft reduce during for the other end.
Hydrofoil boat of the present invention is because of its simple structure, be easy to control again, not only be applicable to big ship and canoe, and be suitable for toy, surfboard and model ship, therefore the structural attitude of toy and model ship and aquatic sports equipment all should be included in the scope of technical solution of the present invention when conforming to technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. hydrofoil boat, its by a water surface hull, under water hull and at least one pair of main wing constituted, it is characterized in that:
Water surface hull is provided with a wide stern section, and at low speed or when berthing, above-mentioned wide stern section provides the buoyancy of essence to hydrofoil boat;
Hull is a single hull (Single) under water, is connected with the bottom of hull on the water, and it is a long and narrow hull structure, so that buoyancy to be provided; The center of buoyance of above-mentioned again hull under water is arranged in the place ahead of hydrofoil boat center of gravity;
Main wing is arranged in the bottom of ship, and the hydrodynamic force supporting power center that main wing produced is the rear that is positioned at the hydrofoil boat center of gravity, and main wing is for providing the main supporting power of hydrofoil boat center of gravity back segment when high speed;
Has one section cooresponding distance (Substantial Distance) between the hydrodynamic force supporting center of the center of buoyance of above-mentioned hull under water and above-mentioned main wing.
2. hydrofoil boat according to claim 1 is characterized in that its bottom of described long and narrow hull under water adds the hull under the swept-out that has that greater room and draining buoyancy are provided, and it is generally similar submarine or torpedo-shaped.
3. hydrofoil boat according to claim 2 is characterized in that described its two side of a ship of hull down, adds the preceding hydrofoil of at least one pair of help control pitching (Pitching) and rolling (Rolling) usefulness near the bow section of hydrofoil boat.
4. hydrofoil boat according to claim 2 is characterized in that the described back upper place of its nose of hull down is equiped with stem spiral shell slurry propelling unit.
5. hydrofoil boat according to claim 4 is characterized in that its both sides device of stem spiral shell slurry propelling unit of described hull down has the hydrofoil that can adjust leaning angle, and double as is starched angle of rake structure for protection stem spiral shell.
6. hydrofoil boat according to claim 2 is characterized in that described its inner near stem section apparatus of hull down has water jet propelling unit.
7. hydrofoil boat according to claim 1 is characterized in that two sides of a ship bottom of described its wide stern section of water surface hull respectively adding the stabilizing float body that increases the static(al) static pitching stability when helping low speed.
8. hydrofoil boat according to claim 1 is characterized in that the stem section of described hydrofoil boat, and two sides of a ship of the nearly bottom of long and narrow hull under water add and promote the preceding hydrofoil that pitching and rolling are controlled.
9. hydrofoil boat, it is characterized in that by water surface hull, hull, at least one pair of main wing and two pillars are constituted down at least:
The stern section of water surface hull is broad wide stern section, and at low speed or when berthing, above-mentioned wide stern section provides the buoyancy supporting power of essence;
Following hull is a streamline contour floating drum body, is positioned at the below of ship, so that main buoyancy to be provided; The center of buoyance that descends hull again is the place ahead that is arranged in the hydrofoil boat center of gravity;
Main wing system is arranged in the bottom of ship, and the hydrodynamic force supporting power center that main wing produced is the rear that is positioned at the hydrofoil boat center of gravity; Main wing provides the main supporting power of hydrofoil boat center of gravity back segment when high speed; Between the center of buoyance of above-mentioned again hull down and the hydrodynamic force supporting power center of main wing, has one section cooresponding distance;
Two pillars are that the pillar that connects both is narrow and high between water surface hull and following hull, and the leading edge tip shape of for the benefit of ploughing the waves.
10. hydrofoil boat, its by a water surface hull, under water hull, at least one pair of main wing and a pair of before hydrofoil constituted, it is characterized in that:
Water surface hull is provided with a wide stern section, and the stem section is narrow shape, and at low speed or when berthing, water surface hull provides most buoyancy;
Hull is the elongated bodies of a prolate under water, is connected the bottom of hull waterborne, and its leading edge is for the benefit of cut the tip shape that water advances;
Main wing is arranged in the bottom of hull under water, and is positioned at ship stern section, bears supporting power and rolling balancing force more than 60% when high speed;
Preceding hydrofoil is arranged in the nearly bottom of stem section of hull under water, and the balancing force of part supporting power and pitching is provided when high speed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96100484 CN1158314A (en) | 1996-02-27 | 1996-02-27 | Hydrofoil crafts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96100484 CN1158314A (en) | 1996-02-27 | 1996-02-27 | Hydrofoil crafts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1158314A true CN1158314A (en) | 1997-09-03 |
Family
ID=5116612
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96100484 Pending CN1158314A (en) | 1996-02-27 | 1996-02-27 | Hydrofoil crafts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1158314A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101249873B (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2010-06-16 | 周洪斌 | Hydrofoil craft having hydroplane function |
| CN105015725A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-04 | 扬帆集团股份有限公司 | Skeg for bulk cargo ship 38670DWT |
| CN105365998A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-02 | 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院 | Hull structure with underwater appendage |
| CN105775033A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-20 | 张荣仁 | Gliding type hydrofoil craft |
| CN106573668A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2017-04-19 | 陈尧励 | High speed triangular shaped hydroplaning monohull craft with aircraft-like control surfaces having surface adhesion hull characteristics |
| CN107074323A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2017-08-18 | 林建兴 | Water surface wing ship |
| CN107161278A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-15 | 马海平 | High-speed carriering tool waterborne |
| CN114230116A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-25 | 西安金山银山科技有限公司 | Movable device for activating indigenous microorganisms in bottom mud |
-
1996
- 1996-02-27 CN CN 96100484 patent/CN1158314A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101249873B (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2010-06-16 | 周洪斌 | Hydrofoil craft having hydroplane function |
| CN106573668A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2017-04-19 | 陈尧励 | High speed triangular shaped hydroplaning monohull craft with aircraft-like control surfaces having surface adhesion hull characteristics |
| CN106573668B (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2019-10-29 | 陈尧励 | High speed triangle hydroplaning single hull ship |
| CN107074323A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2017-08-18 | 林建兴 | Water surface wing ship |
| CN107074323B (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2018-11-02 | 林建兴 | Water surface wing ship |
| CN105015725A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-04 | 扬帆集团股份有限公司 | Skeg for bulk cargo ship 38670DWT |
| CN105015725B (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-12-12 | 扬帆集团股份有限公司 | A kind of tail fin of 38670DWT bulk freighters |
| CN105365998A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-02 | 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院 | Hull structure with underwater appendage |
| CN105775033A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-20 | 张荣仁 | Gliding type hydrofoil craft |
| CN107161278A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-15 | 马海平 | High-speed carriering tool waterborne |
| CN114230116A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-25 | 西安金山银山科技有限公司 | Movable device for activating indigenous microorganisms in bottom mud |
| CN114230116B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-10-13 | 西安金山银山科技有限公司 | Movable device for activating indigenous microorganisms of bottom mud |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5746146A (en) | Surface effect planing pontoon seaplane (SEPPS) | |
| US5544607A (en) | Moveable sponsons for hydrofoil watercraft, including both large entended-performance hydrofoil watercraft and leaping personal hydrofoil watercraft | |
| US6883450B2 (en) | Boat hull design | |
| EP0335345B1 (en) | Improved hull construction for a swath vessel | |
| JP3660683B2 (en) | Watercraft | |
| US5711494A (en) | Aero-hydroglider | |
| US11077918B2 (en) | Stabilized hull for a keeled monohull sailboat or sail and motor boat | |
| US7434523B2 (en) | Speedboat hull design | |
| EP2870064B1 (en) | Vessel with rotating pod | |
| US5503100A (en) | Hybrid water vessels | |
| US3898946A (en) | Sea-going high-commercial-speed displacement vessel | |
| CN1142803A (en) | Boat | |
| CN1158314A (en) | Hydrofoil crafts | |
| RU2124451C1 (en) | Sea-going vessel | |
| CN102407918A (en) | Compound triple-hulled winged ship | |
| US10953955B1 (en) | Pontoon-style vessel having motor pod providing extreme turning radius and performance handling | |
| CN2228055Y (en) | Flying-fish-type sailing implement on water | |
| JPS587514B2 (en) | Senpaku | |
| TW397789B (en) | Hull inclination methods and means for water vessels | |
| CN208882088U (en) | Submariner, sliding dual-purpose ship | |
| WO1991011359A1 (en) | High stability displacement hull device | |
| CN112606941B (en) | Shallow draft torrent section passenger ferry boat | |
| US20220161895A1 (en) | FLEXIBLE POWER FINS for SUPERIOR HULLS for FLYING BOATS AND SURFING SHIPS | |
| RU65017U1 (en) | SAILING VESSEL | |
| US7191721B2 (en) | Innovative hull-less naval vessel |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |