CN1452680A

CN1452680A - Enhanced curtain wall system

Info

Publication number: CN1452680A
Application number: CN00819472.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: R·M·L·廷
Original assignee: Advanced Building Systems Inc
Current assignee: Advanced Building Systems Inc
Priority date: 2000-04-26
Filing date: 2000-04-26
Publication date: 2003-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 2020-04-26
Also published as: JP2003531326A; CA2406235A1; CN1244742C; WO2001081700A1; DE60044825D1; EP1282749B1; ATE477379T1; AU4810900A; AU1078101A; BR0017237A; AU2000248109B2; EP1282749A1; WO2001081686A1; EP1282749A4; MXPA02010590A

Abstract

When assembled to a building support structure to form a curtain wall system of adjoining panels, a preferred embodiment of the enhanced airloop wall system copmrises panel frame segments that, when assembled, form interconnected inner and outer airloop segments that separate and improve water seal and air seal functions and improve sealing performance, a circuitous path at an enlarged air opening into an airloop to pressure equalize and limit water entry to the airloop, a two point fastener support of each panel assembly to allow interflow deflections under seismic or other loads without excessive loads on the panel assembly, a structural hook-like protrusion for resisting building outward loads on panels separate from fasteners, a splitter in a drainage cavity in the outer airloop that creates a dual drainage path.

Description

Enhanced curtain wall system

In first to file

The present invention is the application No.08/887 that awaits the reply jointly that is filed on July 3rd, 1997, is entitled as " air annular distance (air loop) window system ", 879 part continuation application.The full text that this paper will quote formerly this application of awaiting the reply of submitting to as a reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates to curtain wall system, more particularly, relate to a kind of improvement of adopting the curtain wall system of combo box frame plate, described frame plate has multiple finish material, and for example Ting is at United States Patent (USP) 5,452, the finish material of narration in 552 and 5,598,671.U.S. Patent No. 5,452, the structure that discloses in 552 are also referred to as exposed frame-type air annular distance curtain wall system, U.S. Patent No. 5,598, and the structure that discloses in 671 is also referred to as hides frame-type air annular distance curtain wall system.

Background technology

Except for providing the outward appearance with aesthetic feeling around the modern multistory building, be some main performance purposes of the curtain wall system of base plate below:

(1) provides a kind of barrier or stop that at least excessive outside air infiltrates the one or more internal environments in the building around the edge of all plates;

(2) usually when liquid or particle trend is infiltrated with air leaks, a kind of barrier is provided or stop at least all panel edges around excessive extraneous rainwater or other extraneous fluid/particle infiltrate one or more inner spaces in the building;

(3) provide the resistance of structural loads, particularly including the gravity of all plates of supporting with resist seismic (seismal, wind load and thermal expansion load (if any); And

(4) provide a kind of thermodynamic barrier or stop outside air at least and one or more internal environment between excessive heat transmit.

Above-mentioned two United States Patent (USP)s relate generally to the problem that the air annular distance system of use solves excess air and water infiltration or infiltration.The previous design of handling infiltration needs almost perfect sealing usually, to stop the infiltration of excess air and water.Above-mentioned United States Patent (USP) has been narrated a kind of air annular distance of equalization of pressure, and this air annular distance has two seals that separate the function of sealing water and air, even the infiltration rate of acceptable empty G﹠W is provided with incomplete seal.In addition, an embodiment of air annular distance system allows in the workshop all plates to be assembled with peripheral panels framework extrusion, so that make more reliable seal, and forms the inner air annular distance of an equalization of pressure along facing plate framework edge.Set up at the scene after all plates and the edging plate framework, form the outside air annular distance of an equalization of pressure.

Yet described previous air annular distance system still can make rainwater arrive seal under the very large condition such as wind-force.Owing to can think and therefore can seep water seal imperfection in the air annular distance system.In addition, under negative wind load condition (for example, on a side of building away from the wind and/or the wind load of interior of building), make United States Patent (USP) 5,452,552 and 5,598, plate fixation fastener tensioning in 671 in the air annular distance system of narration is so that can reduce bonding strength and sealing load.Say that further wind load repeatedly, that bear can cause hold-down screw to fluff or extend, and causes the danger that one or more plate falls from building.

In addition, plate framework can't provide the thermal insulation of expectation for some application.Say that further if the structure slightly deformed of building, earthquake and other load can make all plate fractures or lax, and destroy seal.Thereby, although made some purpose that considerable improvement realizes curtain wall system,, but still need a kind of improved system particularly including above-mentioned two patents.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of enhancing property curtain wall system is to improve the performance of air annular distance curtain wall system in following one or more scopes: air/water osmotic resistance, structural performance and thermal insulation properties under negative wind load condition.Enhanced curtain wall system is realized described purpose by one or more following features are provided: an inner air annular distance and an outside air annular distance, and they can separate water and air sealing function, drain function and sealing function; One circuitous path, this circuitous path enters at least one air annular distance at air intake place restriction water; One air intake, the big pressure and the external environment equalization that must be enough to make in the air annular distance of this air intake; The two point form support of each board component that combines with sliding seal and allow between flooring under earthquake or other load transverse shakiness deflection and can in board component, not produce the gap size of remarkable stress; Cooperate the structure of munnion, this structure is used to resist the extraneous wind load on all plates, the external load on the restriction securing member; Eliminator in the discharge chamber in the outside air annular distance, this eliminator form a pair of and reset and put path and a water droplet and can assemble thereon surface; Heat transfer discontinuity area in the plate framework, this heat transfer discontinuity area increase the resistance that the heat between building interior and the external environment is transmitted; And the insertion member of clamping with clip, so that the installation of board component and pull down convenient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the stereogram of external wall system part, and this figure comprises an embodiment of improved air annular distance wall system;

Fig. 2 is the partial sectional view along the line 2-2 intercepting of Fig. 1, the figure shows the horizontal wall seam of an embodiment of improved air annular distance wall system;

Fig. 3 is the partial sectional view along the line 3-3 intercepting of Fig. 1, the figure shows the perpendicular walls seam of an embodiment of improved air annular distance wall system.

In these accompanying drawings, should be understood that identical label represents identical part or feature.

The specific embodiment

For operating principle of the present invention is described better, this paper will use following term:

Curtain wall panel or board component: have one of the polylith plate of architectural coating or board component, nominally perhaps fixing and be sealed in the facade element of the building of plate framework, in the workshop, the peripheral part of facing element fixed and be sealed in plate framework usually all section;

The inner air annular distance: basically around the periphery of facing element and near and in plate framework, form an air chamber of an annular distance usually;

Outside air annular distance: the air chamber that forms an annular distance basically around near each facing element of inner air annular distance;

Watertight seal: the potted line in the extraneous water route of the inner space of building, when few or when not having the air pressure of difference to cross the sealant line, the sealing line is used for the restriction infiltration; And

Seal: in the extraneous water route and leave the potted line in this path, the sealing line is used for limit air and infiltrates building.

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of enhancement mode air annular distance curtain wall system 10, the assembly that this system comprises composite curtain wall plate (for example, plate 11a to 11f), described all plates are by the structural element of a building (for clarity sake, not shown) or vertical munnion 14 supportings that separate.Although Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of enhanced curtain wall system 10, wherein the facing of every curtain wall panel 11a to 11f or facade element are made of the dual glass segments of isolating, but enhanced curtain wall system also can comprise other solid material such as the facing element.Although curtain wall panel 11a to 11f shown in Figure 1 roughly is square, is essentially flat component, also can use other assembling shape of plate.Yet the shape of individual plates must make composite plate link together, to form the part of constructure screen wall.

Usually form two kinds of wall seams between the contiguous curtain wall panel, promptly the wall seam 12 of nominal level (for example, between facing

plate

11a and 11b) nominally with vertical wall seam 13 (for example, between facing plate 11a and 11c).Yet, can form and use the wall seam of many other types, for example, non-linear seam, be oriented in the linear seam of diagonal angle or other direction or be made into the seam of holding wall projection or irregular panel edges geometry.

Fig. 2 shows the typical partial sectional view of an embodiment of the horizontal wall seam 12 between

plate

11a and 11b, and this cross section is along line 2-2 intercepting shown in Figure 1.Near top facing plate 15 connection lower frame segment 16 edge, its underpart, the part of formation glass plate 11a.Horizontal wall seam 12 shown in the figure is formed between lower frame segment 16 and the upper frame segment 18, and this upper frame segment is connected in the top of bottom facing plate 17, forms the part of lower panel assembly 11b.Two

board component

11a and 11b are usually located at the outside of related building, and use a pair of securing member 34 to be attached to building/fabric structure separately, so that every block of plate is by two vertical munnions supportings that separate.Lower frame segment 16 is assemblied in top facing plate 15 usually in the workshop, upper frame segment 18 is assemblied in bottom facing plate 17 usually in the workshop.

Although the frame section such as lower frame segment 16 is the extruded aluminium goods preferably, also can use different manufacturing installations and many other materials to make alternative frame section.Other manufacturing installation and/or other building material can comprise other metal, elastic body, injection-moulded plastic and synthetic.

As shown in Figure 2, use one or more screws 34 that upper frame segment 18 is attached to one or more vertical munnions 14 or other supporting construction relevant with building, but also can use rivet, nuts and bolt, hook and slit, clip or other to be used for attached device.Screw 34 is preferably formed as one 2 " point " formula and connects, each end of upper frame segment 18 (or near the position/point each end) is attached to two different L shaped attachment flange 14a (has been shown in broken lines the part of a flange 14a among Fig. 2, also show flange 14a among Fig. 3), described attachment flange is basically from the outside projection of box-like main supporting construction 14b of vertical munnion 14.Also can use other supporting construction shape, comprise a T shape projection, an I shape projection (for example, making securing member be subjected to the position of shearing force rather than tensile force to external applied load), no projection (being attached directly to the position of the supporting construction of box-like supporting construction or other shape at securing member), joist and cross coupling.

Upper frame segment 18 and the preferable two point form securing member of the L shaped flange 14a of projection be attached to provide many advantages.Because each the threaded fastener hole 34a among the projection flange 14a can not penetrate into the inner air chamber (Fig. 3 shows an inner air chamber IS) of building, therefore each securing member 34 does not need independent seal, and has eliminated air and leak into inner space IS (for example conditioned space) from this potential leak source from external environment E or leak into inner space IS from external environment.The deficiency of crossing the pressure reduction of threaded fastener hole 34a also makes the water and any incident etching problem that infiltrate inner space IS minimize.

The attached another advantage of preferable two point form securing member is: (for example pulling down the member that will narrate, clamp with clip in other back or other dismountable member, water-stop member 26 and rainproof screen member 27) time, can be convenient to arrive dismounting, maintenance or the repairing/replacing that screw 34 is used for plate.Before the member that clamp for installing is clamped, the initial installation of screw 34 also is simplified, making enhanced curtain wall system need not scaffold just can set up from building interior basically, for example, from inner space IS shown in Figure 3 outside, so that be attached to munnion 14 by uninstalled upper board space arrival upper frame segment 18.

The orientation that preferable two point form securing member another advantage attached and gap size D (shown in Figure 3) is two screws 34 moves attached frame section connecting rod along with pin joint under the deformation load between flooring, for example, under the situation of not being damaged under the seismic (seismal effect of a deflection, along the shifted laterally that has a horizontal member in the plane of plate 11a.In other words, do not have under the situation of obvious stress or strain on glass wall facing element 15 or other board member, the lower frame segment 16 of sliding on gas/

watertight seal

24 and 25 is fit to supporting-point and does relative motion (or the activity of the screw hole 34a among the projection flange 14a) along the horizontal direction between the munnion 14.Do not having on all plates under the situation of excessive stress or strain, also can be fit to slightly two supporting-points along with vertical munnion 14 between the vertical horizontal direction of direction do some relative motion, for example, the bottom of board component 11a can on

seal

24 and 25, pivot and/or slightly inwardly with outwards swing to or leave vertical munnion 14.Fix with other/attachment method compares, and during strong seismic (seismal causes the munnion lateral deformation, can obviously reduce the load on facing element 15 gentle/watertight seals (for example, 24 and 25).Because enhancement mode air annular distance system (for example, this paper and the U.S. Patent application No.08/887 that awaits the reply jointly, the system of narration in 879) do not need perfect seal just can play the effect of environment dash to external world, even therefore gas/

watertight seal

24 and 25 is destroyed after seismic events, this system still can keep resisting the ability of infiltration.

In preferred embodiment, the horizontal deflection between design gaps D of the present invention (as shown in Figure 3) permission flooring or the relative motion of the plate during the sideshake are for example because wind or seismic (seismal on the building.Design gaps D is arranged between near the vertical edge of the plate munnion 14 and the plate bottom.Side direction or sideshake (for example in seismic events) are defined as about L/200 between the flooring that general highrise building is allowed, and wherein L is distance or the height between the floor.For example, for height between 12 feet flooring, building structure is designed to allow sideshake between about 3/4 inch flooring (under extreme loads).Thereby one 6 square feet plate can be subjected to the supporting deflection of about 3/8 inch sideshake.Usually design gaps D is chosen to be fit to the extreme deflection of plate, be at least about 3/8 inch in this example, but design gaps D can be 3/4 inch or bigger.If the bigger building structure of design rigidity, design gaps D also can be 1/4 inch or littler, perhaps can be received in these extreme deflections place and produce some destructions, perhaps uses less plate.

Except design gaps D, but use can be movable or attached (for example securing member) of accepting activity and seal every plate framework is anchored near two top corners (in upper frame element 18) munnion 14.Shown in Fig. 2 and 3, lower frame segment 16 can move in design gaps D with respect to meeting stile (spline) 50 along continuous straight runs, and can not bump against munnion 14 in the sideshake process.Therefore, the sideshake of building (in the scope of gap " D ") is absorbed by system, and can not produce failure stress in curtain wall panel.In some the free relative motion that allows between plate framework and the scaffold (for example munnion 14), in order to keep acceptable sealing function, preferably use a kind of dry-type encapsulated or have other material of the sealed coating material that is used for seal 46, for example elastic foam material, the elastic body such as Teflon or a molybdenum bisuphide powder.Yet, but also can use other type can be movable or the seal of accepting activity, the elastic sealing element that for example lubricated, grease, putty or other gap filler and elastic adhesive.

As shown in Figure 2, air chamber 20 is formed in the base plate 11b usually, and the top edge of usually close bottom facing element 17.Air chamber 20 is top sections of the inner air annular distance around the base plate 11b.The top frame section 18 of base plate 11a is similar (for clarity sake to the top frame section of plate 11a, not shown among Fig. 2), and it is also similar usually to lower frame segment 16, make each projection of top frame section or the mitered end of part be attached to one or more homonymy frame section 36 or 38 (as shown in Figure 3), so that around every block of plate, form a continuous basically inner air annular distance.

The one or more airports in the lower frame segment 16 or the main purpose of opening 23 are as air intake, but also can be used as other purpose.Usually being sized to of air openings or opening 23 passed air into the inner air annular distance, so that the pressure in the inner air annular distance (comprising inner air annular distance section 19 and 20) is substantially equal to the air pressure of the external world or building external environment E.In other words, usually " worst case " that be sized to the air stream by air openings with air openings 23 can not produce tangible pressure drop when crossing air openings, for example, the maximum pressure drop of crossing air openings is about 0.1 inch water column, it under typical situation water column less than 0.05 inch, under the worst case of air stream, be preferably less than 0.03 inch water column.

The worst case that enters the air stream of inner air annular distance by air openings 23 is caused by the combination of environment, design and sealing factor that usually most important factor normally by an incomplete facing element seal 31 air leaks takes place.The incomplete zone of most possible sealing is the mitered corner at seal 31, and multiple estimation (or actual test data) can be used to estimate the air leaks of seal/board component corner under the multiple condition of the different pressures of crossing the imperfection seal.Another kind of potential seepage approach is around the block piece GS of assembling.As the selection of the block piece GS ambient air seepage that reduces assembling, auxiliary sealing member 46a (for example filler) is placed between the block piece of

plate framework section

16,18 and assembling.The other factors that causes air to flow into the inner air annular distance comprise with water (may comprise condensation) discharge the imperfection of inner air annular distance, other seal, atmospheric pressure in the external environment increases sharply and the rapid thermal expansion of inner air annular distance.As the example of giving air openings 23 sizings, can estimate auxiliary and/or the end of seal or the imperfection of four mitered end seam crossings equal about 5 square millimeters circular open separately, the air leakage by these imperfections sealings or corner is the main cause that air entered or left air openings 23.In order to make any pressure drop minimum of crossing air openings, method is that the size with air openings is decided to be imperfection sealing than equivalence greatly at least about 20 times, perhaps has size at least about 100 square millimeters, perhaps an air openings that preferably has at least about 3/8 inch diameter is more preferably the diameter that has at least about 1/2 inch.For other air flow factor, draining are provided, and guarantee that further the pressure in the inner air annular distance equates really, most preferred embodiment comprises three air openings 23 that have at least about 3/8 inch diameter.

Because the another purpose of at least one air openings 23 is to make rain or other water discharge (perhaps enter simultaneously with air and take place) inner air annular distance, at least one air openings should be in lower frame segment shown in Figure 2 16, and diameter is at least about 1/8 inch, be preferably, diameter is at least about 1/4 inch.Yet the optimum position of at least one air openings 23 is near the center of lower frame segment 16, so that the main mobile purpose of air (that is, leaving body side frame section 36 shown in Figure 3 and near 38 drainage paths) to be provided.Other air openings 23 can be arranged in other frame section or the position, is substantially equal to the pressure among the external environment E further to guarantee air pressure in the inner air annular distance.In another embodiment, one or more parts of inner air annular distance can be discontinuous (for example, be used for bottom building margin plate), and near the air openings that can need to add (for example, being positioned at the bottom of side section of inner air annular distance) is used for, and air enters and/or air annular distance draining internally.In another embodiment, at least two airports are arranged near the lower frame segment 16 each mitered corner of plate.The dual angle position of air openings 23 can make water discharge from least one air openings 23 of an end easily, and makes air enter another air openings 23.The 3rd preferable air openings 23 is placed between the dual corner at the air openings place in lower frame segment 16 or on another lower frame segment, make water (for example discharge both ends easily, from the side or the water that enters of the incomplete watertight seal in the vertical section), and by the 3rd or intermediate air opening 23 enough air is flowed into so that the air pressure in the inner air annular distance is substantially equal to the air pressure among the external environment E.

Equally in preferred embodiment, shown in the tortuous or circuitous path arrow " A " among Fig. 2, before the air of the environment E that comes from the outside enters illustrated air openings 23, force that air is walked around exterior protrusions or the first baffle component 16a, the rainproof screen clamped with clip or baffle component 27 and second or L shaped baffle plate or projection 16b around.Rainproof screen member 27 and

projection

16a and 16b form path baffle plate alternately, this path baffle plate hinder air (with the water that may carry secretly) from external environment E streamlined flow to air openings 23.In addition, path baffle plate alternately is provided with a plurality of surfaces, compare with particle to the channel blind alternately water droplet that also gathering density thereon is bigger with quilt outside " throwing away ", because the less air of density around the baffle plate can more easily change flow direction, so its water that carries or particle will collide described surface.The water droplet that accumulates on the baffle plate will be coalescent, and outwards discharging (for example, on the surperficial 27a of discharging) also carries particle to external environment E and/or be discharged into rain rill 35 downwards in the water of discharging.

Although L shaped baffle plate projection 16b (for example preferably is located on or near one of illustrated air openings 23, L shapedly trend towards increasing the circuitous of air path " A "), but L shaped baffle plate projection comes down to

side rib

36a and 38a (see figure 3) and from the continuity (they not being expressed as L shaped the figure) of the top rib 18a of upper frame segment 18 projections.Because few or do not have air to enter in the distance that separates with air openings, therefore all parts of the L shaped projection 16b that separates with air openings 23 do not need L-shaped.Therefore, a kind of orthoscopic upper ledge 18a has been shown in preferred embodiment.If have only the part of lower protrusion 16b L-shaped near air openings 23, and remainder (separating with any air openings) is straight, then the draining from the building of the lower protrusion 16b outside will trend towards redirecting to the orthoscopic jut, and near the problem of the water entrainment/particle again the air openings 23 is further minimized.In preferred embodiment, the part of L shaped baffle plate projection 16b is extended at least 1/16 inch on any side of air openings 23, and separate at least about 1/16 inch with the path baffle plate/projection that replaces, be preferably at least about 1/8 inch, be no more than about 1/2 inch but preferably separate, and protrude into the first seam space 21 usually at least about 1/4, be preferably at least about 9/16 inch.

In alternative embodiment, many other baffle shapes, spacing and extent of the protrusion are feasible.At the few water of expectation when entering air openings 23, the baffle length that can need to increase, less spacing and thicker shape are if but the lower cost of expectation and make the more approaching passage of equalization of pressure should be expected opposite condition.Although preferred embodiment is used for exterior protrusions 16a, second or L shaped projection 16b and rainproof screen member 27 with the extruded aluminium goods, one or more these members also can be made of other material, for example other metal, wire mesh screen, porous material and elastic body.Other material is in the maintenance of the water that increase is impacted/discharge and reduce again in the scope of water entrainment/particle issues and have advantage.

Rainproof screen member 27 and rainwater seal holder 26 are sandwiched in or otherwise removably are attached to contact pin 18b and the 18c on the upper frame segment 18.This structure of clamping with clip is convenient to mount and dismount rainproof screen member 27 and rainwater seal holder 26, and is easy near being used for screw 34 or other attachment of installation or removal entire plate.Although clamping is attached is preferable attachment means, and alternate embodiments can be come attached rainproof screen or seal holder by pin connection, hook and slit, bonding adhesive or securing member.

Air openings 23 in the alternate embodiments can have different shape and size, for example, be mainly the flow several openings of sizing of air and have the preferable diameter that adds near the independent drain hole (near for example, about 1/4 inch or littler hole of a diameter the mitered corner) the aquaporin at least about 3/8 inch.Other alternative embodiment can comprise the airport in great majority (if not all) frame section, replace illustrated circular air openings 23 with the air openings slit, one screen cloth or strainer are placed on the air openings 23, further minimize so that enter water, and will assist baffle plate to be placed in the air openings 23 or near, perhaps the inside in bottom annular distance section or space 19 further minimizes so that enter water.

Outside in the top of inner air annular distance annular distance section 20 and bottom annular distance section 19, air chamber in the horizontal wall seam 12 or outside air annular distance part are divided into two zones of outside air annular distance basically, and promptly first or wet seam space 21 and second or the seam space 22 of doing.21 whiles of the first seam space are as the top section of the first area of the outside air annular distance of a drainage path (end section of the first area of the outside air annular distance of top board 11a) and base plate 11b.The second seam space 22 is simultaneously as the top section of the second area of the outside air annular distance of the end section of the second area of the outside air annular distance of top board 11a and base plate 11b.

Rain or watertight seal 24 are placed between the 3rd projection 16c and interior panelling or rainwater seal holder 26 of lower frame segment 16.Watertight seal 24 preferably is attached to rainwater seal holder 26, and extends some distances from the two ends of upper frame segment 18 to the center of

plate

11a or 11b, but watertight seal 24 can be not continuous on the whole width of plate.In addition, interior panelling 26 can't seal the resistance air leaks with the clamping of the projection 18c of upper board frame section 18 is attached.Therefore, outside air can enter the first and

second seam spaces

21 and 22, and equates with air pressure among the external environment E, is similar to the top annular distance section 20 and the bottom annular distance section 19 of inner air annular distance.In other words, air externally transmits between air annular distance and the inner air annular distance, inner air annular distance pressure is equated with pressure between the external air pressure, but can prevent effectively that sealing enters the second seam space 22.In another embodiment, if necessary, can between the first and second

regional seam spaces

21 and 22 in leaving the position of drainage path additional air flue be set.

In the preferred embodiment of enhanced curtain wall system, nominally plate or the facing glass elements 17 of base plate 11b is sealed in upper frame segment 18 by a board-like watertight seal 32 and a board-like seal 33.Nominally by the wall seam 12 between a frame type watertight seal 24 and a frame type seal 25 sealing plate 11a and the 11b.Because some or all G﹠W seals can be discontinuous and/or then and there or site-assembled, therefore have an opportunity to occur bypass, misalignment, dust or other leakage cause, and must suppose some the imperfection sealing that occurs in the heavy construction between the polylith plate usually.Yet, as this paper and the patent application 08/887,879 of awaiting the reply jointly discussed like that, the present invention allows incomplete sealing.

In preferred embodiment, board-like

watertight seal

32 and 30 is closed cell foamed plastic bands, for example can be with from the Norton that the practical Plastics Company of Norton is buied, and the said firm is the practical Plastics Company of holy Gobain that is positioned at the Wayne of New Jersey at present.Yet alternate embodiments can be used the seal or the current limiter of other type.But preferable board-

like seal

33 and 31 is insert type gasket seals, and the sealing part is made of the EPDM material usually.Yet alternate embodiments can be used the seal or the airflow limitation device of other type.

In preferred embodiment, frame type watertight seal 24 and frame type seal 25 are closed cell foamed plastic bands, for example with board-like

watertight seal

30 and 32 similar Norton bands.Yet alternate embodiments can be used the seal or the flow restrictor of other type.

In preferred embodiment, lower frame segment 16 has a negative seam groove 51, this seam groove engagement one positive seam lath 50 from upper frame segment 18 projections.The matching surface of seam groove 51 and seam lath 50 provides the relative sealing surfaces of frame type seal 25.Similarly, one the 3rd of water-stop member 26 and lower frame segment 16 or the matching surface of water-stop projection 16c provide sealing surfaces for frame type watertight seal 24.In the alternate embodiments of enhanced curtain wall system, can provide other Connection Element and matching surface.

Ditch gap 35 in the first area of outside air annular distance 21 can be used for any water (for example, splashing in the water on the rainproof screen member 27) is directed to one or two mitered end, and the water at this place can guiding downwards in the vertical frame section of board component 11b.Groove projection 18a also can be used as additional surface, and along with the air that enters is forced to turn to around the L shaped projection 16b of lower frame segment 16, water droplet is flung at this additional surface, rather than throws away on frame type watertight seal 24 or rainwater seal holder 26.Groove projection 18a also can be used for first section 21 bottom of outside air annular distance is divided into two rhones or ditch gap 35.Article two, the formation of rhone 35 trends towards reducing splashing/carrying secretly again of water, and provides the path that slightly outwards holds to be used for draining.The alternate embodiments of enhanced curtain wall system can be deleted the dual ditch gap 35 of groove projection 18a formation or other drainage path is provided.

Selection as the thermal insulation properties that improves curtain wall system of the present invention, can use one or more heat transfer discontinuity area (thermal break) (for example, the top heat transfer discontinuity area 29 shown in bottom heat transfer discontinuity area 28 shown in the lower frame segment 16 and the upper frame segment 18) in some or all plate framework sections (16,18,36 and 38) other position that neutralizes.Although thermal conductivity is lower, plastic material can preferably be used to the discontinuity area of conducting heat, and other with enough structural strengths and limited thermal conductivity is that the material of rigidity also can be used for the heat transfer discontinuity area such as 28 and 29 substantially.In addition, it can be coarse or coated that the aluminium one between heat

transfer discontinuity area

28,29 and the

frame section

18,16 is moulded interface, with further minimizing thermal conductivity.Preferably use perfusion and again the method for bridge joint (pour-and-debridge) heat

transfer discontinuity area

28 and 29 is made or in the workshop, is fitted into

frame section

18 and 16, but other manufacturing or assembly method also are feasible, comprise manual insertion.

With all grillages if be installed in building or fabric structure on process usually near the plate the building bottom, and with adjacent all plate continuation.Water-stop supporting member 26 and rainproof screen member 27 separates with the remainders of board component usually and transports.Preferred process needs three key steps that a plate is installed, for example, at first the bottom of plate is put into lath 50/ slit 51 positions of an engagement, the previous plate of installing is positioned at the below (for clarity sake, not shown among Fig. 2), secondly only fastening upper frame segment 18 so that use securing member 34 that plate (for example plate 11b) is fixed in two adjacent munnions 14, then the 3rd step watertight seal/

rainproof screen member

26,27 is placed/is meshed/sandwich the appropriate location on the upper frame segment 18.After three key steps, prepare an adjacent plate (for example plate 11a) is put into the position of engagement shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 3 shows between plate 11a and 11c along the typical partial sectional view of the perpendicular walls seam 13 of the line 3-3 intercepting of Fig. 1.When left plate 11a and right plate 11c (promptly being attached to building or fabric structure member) are installed usually at the scene, form perpendicular walls seam 13.

Right frame member 36 is right vertical sections of the plate framework section of board component 11a.Right air chamber 37 is right vertical sections of the inner air annular distance of board component 11a.Left frame member 38 is left vertical sections of the plate framework of board component 11c.Left side air chamber 39 is left vertical sections of the inner air annular distance of board component 11c.The left vertical section of the plate framework of board component 11a is identical with left frame member 38 usually, and the right vertical section of the plate framework of board component 11c is identical with right frame member 36 usually.Yet the alternate embodiments of enhanced curtain wall system can be used inequality or other framing component.

Although following discussion relates to left plate assembly 11c basically, so that when right plate assembly 11a is discussed, avoid a large amount of repetitions, but vertical joint 13 volume inside are separated into chamber, the left and right sides or zone usually symmetrically, that is, and and the first vertical joint space 40 and the second vertical joint space 41.The first seam space 40 is as the right vertical section of the first area of the outside air annular distance of plate vertical component 11a.The second vertical joint space 41 is as the right vertical section of the second area of the outside air annular distance of board component 11a.Vertical water seal 42 parts are attached to vertical water containment member 43, and are placed with the watertight seal (for another part of watertight seal 24, seeing Fig. 2 clearly) that formation one might be continuous.In another embodiment, vertical seal member 43 is the projections from munnion 14.Other alternate embodiments of vertical water seal 42 also is feasible.Because circuitous path V shown in Figure 3, the air of external environment must take the winding raod footpath to arrive vertical water seal 42, and lack the obvious pressure reduction of crossing the vertical water seal,, also can improve resistance ability infiltration even watertight seal is discontinuous or incomplete.

By vertical board-like watertight seal 44 (sealing vertical plate framework section 36) and vertical board-like seal 45 (the block piece GS of the assembling of sealed attachment on vertical plate framework 36) the glass wall facing element 15 of plate 11a is sealed in vertical frame section 36, nominally form the board-like seal of continuous empty G﹠W with the board-like seal 30-33 of empty G﹠W shown in Figure 2.The block piece GS of board-like seal (for example vertical board-like water and seal 44,45) and assembling is installed in factory usually, and trend reduces owing to uncontrollable field condition produces the sealing imperfection.As the selection of the osmotic resistance that improves empty G﹠W, an auxiliary sealing member 46a is placed on vertical plate framework 36 and the block piece GS of the assembling of clamping with clip between.As another design alternative that improves thermal insulation properties, similar to heat

transfer discontinuity area

28,29 shown in Figure 2, for example, by perfusion and again the bridge joint process can or be assemblied in the plate framework member 36 47 manufacturings of vertical heat transfer discontinuity area.As the design alternative of further raising thermal insulation properties, munnion 14 can be assembled by two extrusions (14 and 43) that quilt heat transfer discontinuity area 48 is separated.In another embodiment, munnion 14 is single extrusion (having and illustrated

extrusion

14 and 43 similar shapes) basically, and in conjunction with by the perfusion and the heat transfer discontinuity area (similar to heat transfer discontinuity area 43) of bridge joint process manufacturing again.In a preferred embodiment, the both sides of the plate support lug 49 of munnion 14 are in illustrated outside air annular distance chamber 41.In this was provided with, because the opening that securing member 34 forms can not penetrate the inner space of building, so this opening can not produce air leaks.Do not penetrate the tightness that has improved enhanced curtain wall, this also can improve thermal insulation and percolation-proof performance.

The effect of vertical seal 46 is similar to seal 25 shown in Figure 2.Similar with seal 25, vertical seal 46 separates with vertical watertight seal 42.

Similar with the discussion of relevant comparable horizontal joint, can change the interval of vertical seam 13 and other size in other embodiments.In addition, multi-cavity air annular distance system separates the function of water and hermetic seal, so that curtain wall system of the present invention is allowed incomplete sealing more.

Shown in Fig. 2 and 3, preferred embodiment can also realize following improvement in performance:

The present invention has simplified the formation of continuous air annular distance, seal and heat transfer discontinuity area.Nominally cooperate similarly vertical and the horizontal frame section can form several continuous basically air annular distances and continuous seal part easily by mitered.In addition, can also cooperate the heat transfer discontinuity area by mitered, to keep the continuity of hot functional mutant.Although the jut of frame section can have different function (or few or do not have function) at the diverse location place around the air annular distance, be used for every section similar structures and simplified and set up, seal and around all plates, form air annular distance continuous basically, equalization of pressure.

The present invention allows to improve the resistance of negative wind load.In the curtain wall system of prior art, one or more tension or the plate fixation fastener of being sheared provide the primary structure resistance that resists negative wind load, and this has caused securing member because the cyclic loading that repeats lost efficacy or the possibility with seal failure of fluffing.The respective outer side edges of preferred embodiment of the present invention by shank 52 (see figure 3)s of vertical frame 36 and the vertical water-stop supporting member 43 that is attached to

munnion

14 and 34 attached separation of two screw fasteners are so that provide the primary structure resistance that resists negative wind load.Therefore, negative wind load or other the outside load on plate 11a and the 11c is directly transferred to munnion 14 (by vertical water-stop supporting member 43), and does not have remarkable or excessive load to be applied on the securing member 34.In another embodiment, except vertical watertight seal 42, can separate bearing surface with one and be increased to vertical water-stop supporting member 43.

The main effect of securing member 34 is limited to the weight that supports all plates at present basically, so that reduces cyclic loading (lax with possible securing member), and improves long term seal, structure and hot property.In the alternate embodiments of enhanced curtain wall system, the plate framework projection of a plate framework section or hook segment are on the building inboard on supporting construction projection or surface, and for example a plate framework projection is hooked on the inner surface of the vertical thermal isolator 48 that provides shown in Figure 3.In alternate embodiments, many other fitting faces hook-shaped or that plate keeps shape and permission securing member or other attachment to play the main effect of all plate weight of supporting also are feasible.

The present invention also can improve the standard and the watertightness of vertical joint 12,13.Before secondary water arrives watertight seal 42 and 24, adopt rainproof screen 27 and water-stop member 26,43 (seeing Fig. 2 and 3) to discharge most of secondary waters.Spatter once in a while in the low amounts of water on the rainproof screen member 27 and will in 35 (see figure 2)s of ditch gap, flow to vertical joint, and be discharged into (see figure 3) in the space 40 downwards.This discharging occurs in the outside air annular distance of equalization of pressure, therefore, does not have tangible ponding in the ditch gap 35, and the draining action almost is immediately.The watertight seal 24 (as shown in Figure 2) of level can with vertical watertight seal 42 (as shown in Figure 3) (for example being connected) continuously.These seal restriction wind drive first air section 22 (as shown in Figure 2) and 41 (as shown in Figure 3) that rainwater infiltrates the outside air annular distance.Therefore, the second air annular distance is a dried annular distance, so seal 25 (Fig. 2) and 46 (Fig. 3) are not exposed to water usually.Because inner air annular distance space 19,20 (Fig. 2) and 37 (Fig. 3) are the spaces of equalization of pressure, although it may be incomplete being sealed with, but owing to have different air pressures to drive water not cross incomplete sealing, so seal 30,32 (Fig. 2) and 44 (Fig. 3) form effective water-stop.Under the situation of watertight seal 30, if the opening in the watertight seal 30 is enough big, the water yield that produces hydrostatic head is enough to overcome the capillary force that trends towards water is remained on incomplete watertight seal place, and then gravity can provide the driving force that water was pushed away watertight seal 30.Yet, even any water that penetrates very incomplete watertight seal 30 promptly must be entered ditch gap 35 by air openings 23.Therefore, do not have ponding in the space 19 basically, seal 31,33 (see figure 2)s and 45 (see figure 3)s can not be exposed to water usually.The corresponding water-stop of (for example 31 and 25) and all panel areas because seal (for example 30 and 24) separates, air and watertight seal effect are separated similarly, curtain wall system can be allowed tangible potted line imperfection, and can not produce tangible seepage problem.In addition, the air of many facing elements and watertight seal can assemble in the workshop, and this can reduce the incomplete possibility of sealing usually, and further increases tightness and watertightness.

In alternative embodiment, identical design principle can be applied to other curtain wall system, for example, be applied to U.S. Patent No. 5,598, the hiding frame-type air annular distance system that discloses in 671.For example, enter purpose with draining, determine the size of air openings similarly and air openings is set for air.In other alternate embodiments, raised structures member (for example with vertical water-stop member 43 similar elements) can overcome the fixing all plates of negative wind load (or other building to external applied load), basically with the load limit on the structure attachment in stable gravitational load.Can provide with the flange 49 similar structure flanges of munnion 14 does not need to seal the board fixing structure that prevents air and/or seepage.

Although illustrated and narrated preferred embodiment of the present invention, and illustrated and/or narrated some alternative embodiment, in the case of without departing from the present invention, can make it and change and revise.Therefore, all changes, modification and the alternative embodiment that drops in the spirit and scope of appending claims will comprise in the present invention.

Claims

(according to the modification of the 19th of treaty)

1. one kind is supported the wall system of polylith plate by one or more structure stands, and described wall system comprises:

The plate framework element of one nominal level, this plate framework element is attached in described all plates;

Nominally a vertical plate framework element, this plate framework element are attached to one and the plate framework element of described level in described all plates, so that form a board component; And

One securing member, this securing member is fixed in described one or more structure stand with described board component,

Wherein, at least one described plate framework element comprises a bearing surface, this bearing surface can cooperate a surface, this surface attachment is in described one or more structure stands, and the power of barrier effect on the described board component that has a member along the direction outside the building, except any resistance that is provided by described securing member, described bearing surface stops the major part of described power.

2. wall system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it also comprises a plurality of seals that are positioned at the office, one or more adjacency section of described board component, wherein, described bearing surface cooperates a projection of munnion, and described seal can limit fluid flow after described power puts on described board component.

3. wall system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described projection is one to be attached to a vertical wall containment member of described munnion, and described bearing surface also is a sealing surfaces.

4. one kind is supported the wall system of polylith wallboard by one or more building structure supports, and described wall system comprises:

The plate framework element of one or more nominal levels, described plate framework element is attached in described all plates;

Nominally one or more vertical plate framework elements, described plate framework element is attached to one and the plate framework element of at least one described level in described all plates, so that around every block of plate, form a continuous substantially framework, and form a board component basically; And

One or more securing members, described securing member can be attached to described board component described one or more building structure support, and wherein, at least one described securing member passes through fastener openings, and wherein, the two ends of described securing member are exposed in the air of external environment basically.

5. wall system as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the fastener openings in the projection of described securing member use munnion, and wherein, the both sides of described fastener openings are exposed to the air of described external environment basically.

6. one kind is used for a board component is installed in method on the building, and this method comprises:

One first board component element is positioned in abutting connection with the position that before was installed in another board component element on the described building;

Use one or more securing members, support the described first board component element by one or more structure support members basically; And

Basically limit the motion outside building of described first board component by the device except that described securing member.

7. one kind is used for a board component is installed in method on the building, and this method comprises:

One upper board component element is positioned at the desired location place, this position is in abutting connection with at least two other board component elements that are fastened in the building structure, wherein, before described upper board assembly was fastened to described building structure, described upper board component element structurally cooperated a bottom board component element; And

After described positioning step, use two securing members that described upper board component element is fastened to described building structure, wherein, most of end face of described securing member is exposed to the air pressure of external environment.

8. method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described upper board component element also structurally is matched with a supporting construction projection, this supporting construction projection before described upper board component element is anchored on described building structure and limit afterwards described upper board assembly towards the building outside motion.

9. one kind is supported the wall system of polylith plate by one or more structure stands, and described wall system comprises:

The plate framework element of at least one nominal level, each plate framework element is attached to one first plate;

Nominally the plate framework element that at least one is vertical, each plate framework element are attached to the plate framework element of described first plate and at least one described level, so that around described first plate, form a continuous substantially frame assembly;

A plurality of seals, described seal are positioned near one or more adjacent parts of described plate framework element; And

One or more securing members, when the two ends of described securing member were exposed to the air pressure of external environment basically, described securing member can support described board component by described one or more building structure supports, and

Wherein, at least one described plate framework element comprises a bearing surface, and this bearing surface cooperates a structure stand surface, is used for the power of barrier effect on the described board component that has a member along the direction outside the building, and described bearing surface stops the major part of described power.

10. one kind is supported the board component of polylith plate by a structure stand, and described board component comprises:

One plate framework element, this plate framework element is attached in described all plates;

Be used to support the device of described plate framework element, the described device that is used to support can be attachable to described structure stand; And

One limiting frame element, this element can be attachable to described structure stand,

Wherein, before the described device that is used to support is attached to described supporting construction with described plate framework element and afterwards, by described limiting frame element described plate framework element is not constrained to basically and moves along direction with a building external member.

11. board component as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, the described device that is used to support comprises a securing member, and this securing member is attached to described structure stand with described plate framework element.

12. one kind is supported the board component of polylith plate by a structure stand, described board component comprises:

One plate framework element, this plate framework element is attached in described all plates; And

Be used to support the device of described plate framework element, this device can be attachable to described structure stand,

Wherein, the described device that is used to support is exposed to the air of external environment basically at all outer surfaces place of the described device that is used to support.

13. board component as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, the described device that is used to support is a securing member.

14. board component as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, described securing member is a screw.

Claims

The plate framework element of at least one nominal level, this plate framework element is attached in described all plates; And

Nominally the plate framework element that at least one is vertical, this plate framework element are attached to the plate framework element of described plate and at least one described level, so that form a continuous substantially framework around every block of plate, this framework forms a board component,

Wherein, the plate framework element of at least one described level comprises two securing member supporting-points that are used for securing member, described supporting-point is supported the weight of described board component basically by one or more described structure stands, and when one or more described structure stand deflection, between described one or more structure stands and described board component, provide the minimum clearance size that allows described board component activity.

2. wall system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described securing member is a screw, and described gap size is the sideshake at least about 1/8 inch when measuring near the bottom of described board component.

3. wall system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, it also comprises near a plurality of seals of one or more adjacent parts that are positioned at described board component, and described seal can flow in limit fluid after the described structure stand deflection.

4. wall system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described screw is attached near the top of described board component the vertical munnion, and the bottom of described plate uses a lath and groove to connect the board component that is connected to an adjacency.

5. one kind is supported the wall system of polylith plate by one or more structure stands, and described wall system comprises:

The plate framework element of two nominal levels, each plate framework element is attached in described all plates;

Nominally two vertical plate framework elements, each plate framework element are attached to the plate framework element of described plate and at least one described level, so that form a board component,

Wherein, at least one described plate framework element comprises a bearing surface, this bearing surface can cooperate a structure stand surface, is used for the power of barrier effect on the described board component that has a member along the outward direction of building, and described bearing surface stops the major part of described power.

6. wall system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, it also comprises a plurality of seals that are positioned at the office, one or more adjacency section of described board component, wherein, described bearing surface cooperates a projection of munnion, and described seal can limit fluid flow after described power puts on described board component.

7. wall system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described projection is one to be attached to a vertical wall containment member of described munnion, and described bearing surface also is a sealing surfaces.

8. one kind is supported the wall system of polylith wallboard by one or more building structure supports, and described wall system comprises:

Nominally two vertical plate framework elements, each plate framework element are attached to one and the plate framework element of at least one described level in described all plates, so that form a continuous substantially framework around every block of plate, and form a board component basically; And

One or more securing members, under the situation of the fastener openings that the potential path that flows to interior construction spacing is not provided for the external environment air, described securing member can be attached to described board component described one or more building structure support.

9. wall system as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the fastener openings in the projection of described securing member use munnion, and wherein, the both sides of described fastener openings are exposed to described external environment air basically.

10. one kind is supported the wall system of polylith wallboard by one or more structure stands, and described wall system comprises:

Nominally two vertical plate framework elements, each plate framework element is attached to one and the plate framework element of at least one described level in described all plates, so that around every block of plate, form a continuous substantially framework, this framework consists essentially of a board component, wherein, described adjacent plate assembly comprises an inner air annular distance and an outside air annular distance substantially around every block of plate;

A plurality of seals, described seal are positioned at one or more adjacent parts of described board component; And

At least one air openings between described air annular distance,

Wherein, when at least one described seal imperfection, the size of described air openings can keep the pressure in the two air annular distances to be substantially equal to pressure in the external environment.

11. wall system as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, the pressure differential in the described two air annular distances is basically in 0.1 inches of water(in H of the pressure in described external environment.

12. one kind is supported the wall system of polylith wallboard by one or more structure stands, described wall system comprises:

The plate framework element of at least one nominal level, each plate framework element is attached in described all plates;

Nominally the plate framework element that at least one is vertical, each plate framework element is attached to one and the plate framework element of at least one described level in described all plates, so that around every block of plate, form a continuous substantially framework, this framework consists essentially of a board component, wherein, the adjacent plate assembly comprises an inner air annular distance and an outside air annular distance substantially around every block of plate;

At least one air openings between two described air annular distances; And

Be attached to the baffle plate of at least one described plate framework, wherein, described baffle plate forms a circuitous flow path between an air annular distance and described external environment.

13. one kind is supported the wall system of polylith wallboard by one or more structure stands, described wall system comprises:

Nominally the plate framework element that at least one is vertical, each plate framework element are attached to one and the plate framework element of at least one described level in described all plates, so that around every block of plate, form a continuous substantially framework; And

One framework projection, this framework projection form many flow path of the liquid at least one described air annular distance.

14. one kind is supported the wall system of polylith wallboard by one or more structure stands, described wall system comprises:

At least two securing members, described securing member are used for described board component is attached to described one or more structure stand; And

The plate framework element that one usefulness clip is clamped, this plate framework element forms a rainproof screen.

15. wall system as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, the described plate framework element of clamping with clip is positioned to before described two securing members of dismounting it be pulled down usually.

16. one kind is used for a board component is installed in method on the building, this method comprises:

One board component element is positioned at the desired location place of another board component element on adjacency one side of described building;

Use is no more than two securing members, supports described board component element by one or more structure support members basically; And

After described fixing step, a rainproof screen member is attached to described board component element.

17. one kind is used for a board component is installed in method on the building, this method comprises:

One upper board component element is positioned at the desired location place, this position is in abutting connection with at least two other board component elements that are fastened in the building structure, wherein, before described upper board assembly was fastened to described building structure, described upper board component element structurally was coupled to a bottom board component element; And

After described positioning step, use two securing members that described upper board component element is fastened to described building structure.

18. method as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that, described upper board component element also structurally is matched with a supporting construction projection, and this supporting construction projection is before described upper board component element is anchored on described building structure and limit the motion outside building of described upper board assembly afterwards.

19. one kind is supported the wall system of polylith plate by one or more structure stands, described wall system comprises:

The plate framework element of at least one nominal level, each plate framework element is attached to one first plate, and wherein, the plate framework element of described level comprises a heat transfer discontinuity area;

Nominally the plate framework element that at least one is vertical, each plate framework element is attached to the plate framework element of described first plate and at least one described level, so that around described first plate, form a continuous substantially frame element, wherein, the abutment frame assembly forms an inner air annular distance and an outside air annular distance basically around every adjacent plate;

A plurality of seals, described seal are positioned near one or more adjacent parts of described plate framework element;

One or more securing members, under the situation of the fastener openings that the potential path that flows to interior construction spacing is not provided for the external environment air, described securing member can support described board component by described one or more building structure supports;

The plate framework element that one usefulness clip is clamped, this plate framework element forms a rainproof screen;

One framework projection, this framework projection form many flow path of the liquid at least one described air annular distance;

At least one air openings between two described air annular distances, when at least one described seal imperfection, this opening is enough to the pressure differential between air annular distance and the external environment is constrained to water column less than 0.1 inch; And

At least one baffle plate, this baffle plate are attached at least one described plate framework element, and wherein, described baffle plate forms a circuitous flow path between an air annular distance and described external environment,

Wherein, the plate framework element of at least one described level comprises two securing member supporting-points, and support the weight of described board component basically by the one or more described structure stand that described board component is anchored on described securing member supporting-point place, and when one or more described structure stands move, the minimum clearance size that allows described board component activity is provided between described one or more structure stands and described plate, and

Wherein, at least one described plate framework element comprises a bearing surface, and this bearing surface cooperates a structure stand surface, is used for barrier effect in the power that has along the direction outside building on the described board component of a member, described carrying and stop the major part of described power.