CN1446881A - Method for making hydrocarbon oil from household garbage and equipment therefor - Google Patents
Method for making hydrocarbon oil from household garbage and equipment therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1446881A CN1446881A CN 02104496 CN02104496A CN1446881A CN 1446881 A CN1446881 A CN 1446881A CN 02104496 CN02104496 CN 02104496 CN 02104496 A CN02104496 A CN 02104496A CN 1446881 A CN1446881 A CN 1446881A
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Abstract
A process for preparing hydrocarbon oil from life garbage includes adding inorganic dregs to life garbage, mixing, thermocracking reaction, catalytic cracking to obtain hydrocarbon oil, and further burning the organic dregs after cracking. A catalyst used for the process is also disclosed.
Description
The present invention relates to method and apparatus with making hydrocarbon oil from household garbage.Especially, from domestic refuse, produce hydrocarbon ils and the organism residue after the cracking is further burned to cinder by thermo-cracking, catalytic pyrolysis, to reach domestic garbage resource, minimizing and innoxious method and apparatus.
Along with human society steps into 21st century, people's standard of living improves rapidly, and organic components content improves constantly in domestic refuse and the rubbish, and environment for human survival is sternly given birth to severe contamination and harm.Handle these wastes effectively and make its resource utilization, innoxious and subtract Rong Huayi and become the problem that countries in the world generally are concerned about and are studied.
In the prior art, single consumer waste incineration method exists extensive big investment, being not suitable for developing country and middle samll cities and towns adopts, tail gas pollution environment, burning body of heater are horizontal, and body of heater is huge, and area of dissipation is big, combustion time is long, making a low multiple use of heat only is about 20% as the heat utilization efficiency of afterheat steam generating, and weakness such as cost of electricity-generating height; Particularly, rubbish is different from general solid fuel, be that to contain the more food waste of moisture be main, enter burner hearth and promptly meet the heat-flash contact, the rubbish surface will be formed by thermofixation to be air-locked rubbish group, air can not enter the burning of rubbish internal layer, and will prolong the combustion time of rubbish, thereby cause incomplete combustion maybe can not burn cinder.General incinerator all is designed to drying zone and combustion zone, when rubbish along with the transmission of fire grate is shifted in the process of combustion zone (high-temperature zone) from drying zone (warm area low), must be through 650-720 ℃ of temperature province, in this temperature province, a part of C in the rubbish and H element and airborne oxygen O
2Be very easy to be combined into deleterious two shocking because of C
2H
4O
2, having caused severe contamination and harm to environment, this is unavoidable generally acknowledged science practical work.
Prior art discloses some and has solved the technical scheme of this respect problem, for example, the inventor is at USP 6,133, in 491, disclose the method and apparatus of producing hydro carbons with domestic refuse and/or organic waste, disclose same raw material is adopted the first step of low, high two kinds of differing tempss and the treatment process of second stage thermo-cracking and catalytic pyrolysis.Yet, in the process of handling, the organism in the scission reaction still after being heated, the still inwall that easily bonds, the agglomerating and coking of bonding, cause that heat-transfer effect utilization ratio poor, heat is low, reaction thoroughly and the processed oil yield low.Particularly, various organic substances in the domestic refuse are thoroughly decomposed, must reach 800-1200 ℃ hot environment, but the rotary reactor of single steel is under this hot environment yielding for a long time, can not rotate, scission reaction can't be carried through to the end, and causing also surplusly in the residue of scission reaction has a certain amount of organic polymer material fully thoroughly not decompose.
Therefore, the present invention will overcome above-mentioned weakness exactly, and the method and apparatus with making hydrocarbon oil from household garbage is provided; Particularly, a certain amount of inorganic slag is joined in the rotary scission reaction still, and carry out scission reaction with the domestic refuse thorough mixing; By thermo-cracking and/or catalytic pyrolysis, convert the organic polymer material in the domestic refuse to hydrocarbon ils; With the remaining residue that contains partial organic substances after the cracking, send into thorough burning of carrying out in the vertical boiling incinerator under the high temperature again to cinder.
Especially, be bonded to agglomerate after organism in the scission reaction still is heated and stop the coking of still inwall, for fast reaction speed and raising heat transfer efficiency, the inorganic slag that a certain amount of incinerator is discharged joins in the rotary scission reaction still, and mix fully with domestic refuse, impel the rubbish structure to become loose, improve the inorganicization structure of rubbish, improve the inorganicization percentage of rubbish, not sticking wall, noncoking, not agglomerating, non-caked impel rubbish fully to be heated and cracking in reactor when allowing rubbish be heated.
Method of the present invention comprises:
Described domestic refuse is pulverized or do not pulverized, in the airtight horizontal revolving reaction still of packing into; Simultaneously, with the inorganic slag that the incinerator of rubbish weight 5-30% is discharged, join in the rotation scission reaction still, rotation and reacting by heating still carry out scission reaction, and the gas phase hydrocarbon that scission reaction generated is discharged reactor, and collect the hydro carbons of being drawn by reactor; To contain a small amount of organic cracked residue and discharge reactor, and be transported in the vertical boiling incinerator with warm air and carry out high temperature incineration under counter current contact and the boiling state to cinder.
In the aforesaid method, scission reaction comprises heat scission reaction and catalytic cracking reaction, wherein catalytic cracking reaction carries out on the catalytic fixed bed that places reactor inside, require very not strict to the reactor pressure inside, can keep normal pressure or be higher than normal pressure, the catalyzed reaction temperature should be controlled at 350-600 ℃, used catalyzer is an XDL-1 type catalyzer, its weight consists of: CT304 (CT304 is a trade(brand)name: Chinese Chuanhua Group Co., Sichuan produces) 5%, REY35%, mordenite (silica alumina ratio is: 10: 1) 15%, (CRC-1 is a trade(brand)name to CRC-1, it is produced by Chinese Qilu Petrochemical company) 5%, the ZSM-5 catalyzer of C2HO-2 (CHO-2 is a trade(brand)name, and it is produced by Chinese Qilu Petrochemical company) 5% and 35%;
The high-temperature flue gas that scission reaction institute heat requirement is mainly discharged by incinerator is supplied with or the flammable tail gas that burns is supplied with; Temperature is controlled at 750-1200 ℃ in the incinerator stove, and pressure is normal pressure or is higher than normal pressure; Equipment of the present invention mainly comprises:
Horizontal revolving reaction still, vertical boiling incinerator and hydrocarbon ils collection device.
Described horizontal revolving reaction still comprises:
Cylindrical housings is supported in cylindrical housings on the ground by bearing support and the support that is placed in its two ends, and its bottom bracket places on the support;
The round tooth wheel disc is enclosed within on the identical cylindrical housings wall of the outer-rotor of diameter securely, the driving gear disc spins, and then the cylinder shape housing of reactor is followed synchronous rotation;
Rotation axis, it is connected in the two ends of housing and becomes one with housing, and coincide with bearing support, rotates synchronously with reactor;
The central hollow rotating shaft, comprise that the hollow tubular axis of liquid feeding, water vapor advance the hollow tubular axis of the hollow tubular axis of still gentle phase hydrocarbon discharging, it enters in the reactor housing through rotation axis and middle part, housing two ends, and is connected to a fixed with bearing support, when housing rotated, the center tubular axis did not rotate;
The screw rod agitator, it is disposed at the inside of reactor housing and connects in the reactor housing;
Fixed bed, its arranged perpendicular communicates on discharging central hollow tube axle and with it;
Described vertical boiling incinerator comprises:
Cylindrical housings, the horizontal plane bottom support by housing is on the ground;
Feeding screw is configured in top one side of housing, and links with housing;
Semicircle dividing plate with holes, every dividing plate carries out curyilinear isolation configuration by the relative direction up and down that misplaces;
Smoke outlet is configured in case top, and links with housing;
Tornado dust collector link with the smoke outlet of case top and are connected;
The driven type double-layer grate is configured in the top that intravital bottom of shell and air advance fire door;
The spiral ash ejector is configured in the bottom of housing, and communicates with housing;
The warm air hand-hole is configured in the bottom of housing, and communicates with housing;
Brief description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a simple and easy schema of producing hydrocarbon ils with present device.
Fig. 2 is the horizontal revolving reaction still of a present invention equipment drawing.
Fig. 3 is the vertical boiling incinerator of a present invention equipment drawing.
The present invention is auspicious to be stated:
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of method with making hydrocarbon oil from household garbage, bag Draw together: after described house refuse was pulverized or do not pulverized, it was anti-to be encased in airtight horizontal rotary Answer in the still; Simultaneously, with the inorganic slag of incinerator discharge, by joining of garbage weight 5-30% Ratio follows house refuse together, joins in the rotation cracking reaction still, maybe will contain sand plain Oil, heavy oil, liquid hydrocarbon and the heating of other class I liquid I organic waste become mobile liquid After, squeeze in the thermal cracking revolving reaction still with pump; The water vapour of certain pressure is passed into cracking In the reactor, the central hollow tubular axis of the air in the reactor on the still end socket driven out still Blast to prevent that air forms detonating gas with the rear hydro carbons that produces of reaction in the still outward; Revolve Turn to reactor, and the high-temperature flue gas of drawing with incinerator and the flammable tail gas of burning or other heat The source carries out cracking reaction for the heating of rotation cracking reaction still, the gas phase that cracking reaction is generated Hydrocarbon is discharged reactor, collects the gas phase hydrocarbon that the cracking reaction still produces by conventional method; This mistake Journey makes that the general garbage in the reactor is long-pending dwindles greatly, and the remaining rubbish residue of cracking reaction is The mixture that is formed by a small part macromolecule organic and a large amount of inorganic matters; This residue is mixed Compound is discharged reactor, and is transported to the joining spiral in vertical boiling incinerator top In the material machine, by the rotation of feed screw, allow the cracking reaction residue in incinerator voluntarily Fall, and with enter from furnace bottom, went here and there fire grate, the hot-air that flows toward furnace roof section direction Carry out counter current contacting, in incinerator, carry out the counterflow burning under the fluidized state; In the incinerator Dispose downward-sloping layer by layer dividing plate with holes, can prevent that the graininess residue from directly falling rapidly Enter the incinerator bottom, stop and delayed the decrease speed of residue, prolonged residue in stove The burning time; Temperature in the incinerator is mainly flammable by burning cracking reaction residue and burning The property tail gas produce, the ignition temperature in the incinerator is controlled at 750-1200 ℃, pressure is normal pressure Or be higher than normal pressure. In burning process, the organic matter in the residue thoroughly burns cinder, does not burn cinder Residue drops on the driven type double-layer grate of incinerator bottom, and with saturating from fire grate bottom string The fresh hot air contact of rising continues to burn to cinder at fire grate; All burnings in the incinerator Inorganic slag behind the cinder is drained into continuously by the driven type double-layer grate in the incinerator and burns Burn in the spiral discharging machine of stove furnace bottom, slag is discharged outside the incinerator by the promotion of screw rod; Will The inorganic slag of part turns back in the rotation cracking reaction still while hot; The high temperature that produces in the burning Flue gas is discharged from the mouth at incinerator top, after the cyclone dust collectors dedusting, is introduced in Rotation cracking reaction still heating clamber is supplied with cracking reaction institute calorific requirement. The nothing that incinerator is discharged The machine slag obtains commercial inorganic filler, building materials raw material and gold after pulverizing, magnetic separation, separation Belong to.
In said method, described cracking reaction can be above-mentioned clearance-type feed way Carry out; Also can be that the serialization feed way carries out, such as USP 6,133, described in 491 Method and apparatus. Cracking reaction can be heat scission reaction or thermal cracking and catalytic pyrolysis group The cracking reaction that becomes; If polymer seldom in the house refuse, only need thermal cracking Reaction gets final product, and does not need catalytic reaction; If containing a large amount of macromolecules in the house refuse has Organic compounds, as: waste plastics, scrap rubber, residual oil, oil-containing sand etc. then need through pyrolysis Just can finish with catalytic cracking reaction. Cracking reaction institute calorific requirement can be to produce from after burning High-temperature flue gas or burn flammable tail gas or other thermal source of giving birth to.
Described catalytic cracking reaction is that the fixed bed in being disposed at reactor carries out. Gu Be mounted with the required catalyst of catalytic pyrolysis on the fixed bed; According to the different choice that will process raw material Catalyst, but usually select XDL-1 type catalyst, its weight consists of: CT304 (CT304 is trade name: Sichuan Province China river group company produces) 5%, REY35%, silk Geolyte (silica alumina ratio is: 10: 1) 15%, CRC-1 (CRC-1 is trade name, it By Chinese Qilu Petrochemical Company production) 5%, (CHO-2 is trade name to CHO-2, and it is by China Qilu Petrochemical Company production) 5% and 35% ZSM-5 catalyst; Each component is filled Can be used for catalytic cracking reaction of the present invention after dividing mixing.
The reaction temperature of carrying out catalytic cracking reaction of the present invention is generally 350-600 ℃, and is anti-Answer heat in the still to be enough to keep catalytic cracking reaction under this temperature, reaction pressure is normal pressure Or be higher than normal pressure.
The house refuse that available the inventive method is processed comprises: industrial organic wastes, useless moulding Material, damaged tire, scrap rubber, oil-containing sand, paper scrap, nylon, leather, cellulose, dirt Mud, residual oil, heavy oil, carbohydrate (after the meal surplus food), melon and fruit peel, wood chip with and Its macromolecule organic waste.
Particularly, method of the present invention comprises step:
1. house refuse is pulverized or do not pulverized, be encased in the airtight horizontal rotary reactor; With The time, with the inorganic slag that incinerator is discharged, the proportioning of pressing garbage weight 5-20% is followed House refuse joins in the rotation cracking reaction still together; Maybe will contain sand plain oil, heavy oil After the heating of each class I liquid I organic waste becomes mobile liquid, squeeze into hot tearing with pump In the derotation reactor; The water vapour of certain pressure is passed in the cracking reaction still, anti-Answer the central hollow tubular axis of air on the still end socket in the still to drive out outside the still, to prevent still Interior air forms detonating gas with the rear hydro carbons that produces of reaction and blasts.
2. with the rotation of motor-driven reactor, the high-temperature flue gas that vertical boiling incinerator is discharged is introduced Be incorporated into cracking reaction still combustion chamber to the heating clamber of cracking reaction still or with flammable tail gas Burn to the reactor heat supply, make material in the reactor in the gap or continuous rotation rolls Cracking reaction taking place when moving, generate the gas phase hydrocarbon, reacts complete; The remaining part that contains has The cracked residue of machine thing can be discharged outside the still by the screw rod agitator in the still; Deslagging The time, the water vapour of using earlier certain pressure with gas phase hydrocarbon residual in the still through reactor center sky The core barrel axle is driven out outside the still, enters in the still with the air that prevents the outside and blasts
3. fixed bed is installed in the rotary cracking reaction still, the gas phase hydrocarbon stream that heat scission reaction produces When fixed bed, contact with catalyst in the fixed bed, carry out catalytic cracking reaction and generate The gas phase hydrocarbon, catalytic cracking reaction institute calorific requirement is supplied with by the heat scission reaction still; And
4. the gas phase hydrocarbon with heat scission reaction and catalytic cracking reaction generation brings out in the material through reactor one Heart hollow shaft is discharged still and is carried out fractionation, condensation outward, obtains at last low boiling hydrocarbon ils and flammable Property gas;
5. the cracking reaction residue of with elevator or spiral conveyer the cracking reaction still being discharged is carried In the feed screw that links with vertical boiling incinerator top, by the spiral charging The rotation of machine, allow the cracking reaction residue in vertical boiling incinerator from top to bottom evenly Fall, in dropping process, residue be subjected on the incinerator inner wall stopping of tilt clapboard and Reduction of speed, and with enter from furnace bottom, went here and there fire grate, empty toward the heat that furnace roof section direction flows Gas carries out fully counter current contacting, and cracked residue seethes with excitement in incinerator, adverse current is burnt Burn; Ignition temperature in the incinerator is controlled at 750-1200 ℃, and pressure is normal pressure or is higher than Normal pressure.
6. in burning process, the residue that has burnt cinder and do not burnt cinder all drops into the driven type of stove bottom On the double-layer grate, contact with the fresh hot air that thoroughly rises from fire grate bottom string, at fire grate On burn away further to cinder, burn cinder after inorganic slag along with the driven type double-layer grate Transmission, constantly be fed in the spiral discharging machine of incinerator furnace bottom, and be subjected to spiral shell The promotion of bar is discharged outside the incinerator;
7. the inorganic slag of a part of incinerator being discharged turns back to rotation cracking reaction still while hot In, to improve the inorganicization structure of house refuse, prevent the coking of still inwall, surplus Surplus slag after pulverizing, magnetic separation, separation, obtain commercial inorganic filler, building materials raw material and Metal;
8. the high-temperature flue gas of discharging in the vertical boiling incinerator, after the cyclone dust collectors dedusting, quilt Be incorporated into rotation cracking reaction still heating clamber, supply with cracking reaction institute calorific requirement.
Another object of the present invention provides the equipment of realizing said method, mainly comprises: Horizontal rotary reactor, vertical boiling incinerator and hydrocarbon ils gathering-device.
Described horizontal rotary reactor comprises:
Cylindrical housings, the bearing block by being placed in its two ends and support are with cylindrical housings Be supported on the ground, its bottom bracket places on the support;
The round tooth wheel disc is enclosed within on the identical cylindrical housings outer tube wall of diameter securely, drives The moving gear disc spins, then the Cylinder Shell of reactor is followed synchronous rotation;
Turning cylinder, it is connected in the two disconnected and become one with housing of housing, and and bearing block Coincide, rotate synchronously with reactor;
The central hollow rotating shaft comprises that water vapour advances the hollow tubular axis of still and the hollow tubular axis of discharging, its Enter in the reactor housing through turning cylinder and middle part, housing two ends, and link to each other with bearing block Connect fixingly, when housing rotated, the center tubular axis did not rotate;
The screw rod agitator, it is disposed at the inside of reactor housing and connects in the reactor housing Connect;
The feeding-in solid body entrance, it is disposed at an end of reactor housing;
The water vapor imported valve, it is disposed on the hollow tubular axis of charging;
Fixed bed, its arranged perpendicular communicates on discharging central hollow tube axle and with it;
Slag-drip opening, it is at an end of reactor housing;
In aforesaid device, the hollow tubular axis of charging is at the reactor enclosure interior extend perpendicular that makes progress, and also is provided with slag-drip opening at an end of reactor housing;
Described vertical boiling incinerator comprises:
Cylindrical housings, the bottom support by housing is on the ground;
Feeding screw is configured in top one side of housing, and links with housing;
Semicircle dividing plate with holes is drilled with diameter and is 3-8 centimetre circular hole on its plate face, the hole between centers between every hole is 15-20 centimetre, and the position of circular hole is branch arbitrarily; The post jamb plane of plate face and housing forms the plane included angle in 20 ° of-60 ° of scopes downwards, and the area of its dividing plate is half of cylindrical housings sectional area, and with the up and down relative direction of every dividing plate by dislocation, carries out curyilinear isolation configuration;
Smoke outlet is configured in case top, and links with housing;
Tornado dust collector, the smoke outlet of its gas phase import and case top links, and its gaseous phase outlet is connected to the heating chamber of horizontal revolving reaction still through steel pipe, and the dust discharge mouth of pipe of its bottom is connected with lower housing portion;
The driven type double-layer grate belongs to traditional structure, is back and forth rotated by the electric motor driving fire grate, and it is configured in the top of advancing fire door above the intravital bottom of shell with warm air,
The spiral ash ejector is configured in the bottom of housing, and communicates with housing;
The warm air hand-hole is configured in the bottom of housing, and communicates with housing;
Bulkhead, its metope become with the bottom water plane of cylindrical housings 90 ° vertical, the coping cross section is configured in the bottom of the minimum end of driven type double-layer grate with leaving little clearance;
Particularly, equipment of the present invention comprises horizontal revolving reaction still (1), along or reverse buncher (29), roasting kiln (31), heating chamber (19), vertical boiling incinerator (44), feeding screw (36), tornado dust collector (34), spiral ash ejector (41), gas blower (39), hydrocarbon ils holding tank (32) and water-sealed tank devices such as (24) are formed (see figure 1).
Referring to Fig. 1 and 2, horizontal revolving reaction still (1), supported on the ground by bearing support at reactor two ends (15) and support (6), can rotate freely, canine tooth wheel disc (18) is housed on the reactor (1), buncher (29) is connected with wheel box (28), canine tooth wheel disc (18) on pinion(gear) (33) on the wheel box (28) and the reactor (1) is involutory, start along reversing buncher (29), horizontal rotor reactor (1) can be freely along or contrary rotation, central shaft (8) and (9) on reactor (1) the both sides end sockets (5) are open tube, fixed bed (14) is housed in the reactor (1), fixed bed (14) and communicates with hollow center central siphon (9) on reactor (1) the right side end socket (5) vertically upward; Fixed bed (14) and liquid feed pipe (20) top are equipped with and deter cock cap (13) and (21); In case the solid-liquid raw material blocks the mouth of pipe (20) and fixed bed (14) when rotated, during reactor (1) rotation, hollow center axle (8) and (9) on its fixed bed (14) and still (1) the both sides end socket are firmly motionless, the gas phase hydrocarbon that produces in the reactor (1) is introduced into fixed bed (14), passing through the hollow center axle (9) that is communicated with fixed bed (14) again discharges outside the still (1), arrive in the hydrocarbon ils holding tank (32), be condensed into liquid through the action of circulating of the outer chuck of jar (32); Incondensable gas enters water-sealed tank (24), hollow center axle (8) and (25) of reactor (1) opposite side are the passages that liquid starting material enters reactor (1), liquid starting material enters in the reactor (1) by hollow center axle (25) and (8) under the effect of pump (26); Solid material can be packed in the reactor (1) by the feed port (7) on reactor (1) the one side seal head (5), and the charging of liquid or solid raw material is no more than the high horizontal plane of reactor 2/3; Adopt coal, heavy oil, inflammable gas in roasting kiln (31), to burn and produce the high-temperature flue gas (47) of high-temperature flue gas or the discharge of introducing incinerator to reactor (1) heat supply; Electrically driven (operated) spiral stirrer (16) is housed in the reactor (1), can be clockwise or reverse, play and stir raw material and cracked residue (48) acts on; The change speed motor (17) that drives screw rod agitator (16) rotation is fixed on the end socket (5) of reactor (1) one side, also follows rotation when reactor (1) rotates simultaneously; The remaining solid residue of heat scission reaction is clockwise or reverse and discharge outside the still (1) by the screw rod agitator (16) in the reactor (1); During deslagging, reactor (1) stops (seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) when rotating to vertically downward position of mud hole (2), open mud hole (2) lid, the change speed motor (17) that electricity consumption drives on the reactor end socket (5) rotates, and drive the suitable or counter rotating of the interior spiral stirrer (16) of still (1), solid residue (48) in the still (1) is discharged outside the still (1); Hollow center axle (8) one sides in the reactor (1) are equipped with water vapor inlet pipe valve (4), water vapor can enter in the reactor (1) through pipeline (8) and conduit (20) from reactor hollow center central siphon one end, discharges reactor (1) from the other end hollow center axle (9) and (3); On the reactor one side seal head (5) thermometer (22) is housed, tensimeter (23) and superpressure safety valve (11) are monitored and pressure release the temperature in the reaction process, pressure.The cracked residue (48) that the mud hole (2) of scission reaction still (1) is discharged is sent in the vertical boiling incinerator (44) through conveyer (36) and goes to burn to cinder.
Referring to Fig. 1 and 3, described vertical boiling incinerator (44) comprising: cylindrical housings (42), and the bottom support by housing (42) is on the ground; Feeding screw (36) is configured in top one side of housing (42), and links with housing (42); Semicircle dividing plate (37) with holes is drilled with diameter and is 3-8 centimetre circular hole on its plate face, the hole between centers between every hole is 15-20 centimetre, and the position of circular hole is branch arbitrarily; The post jamb plane of plate face and housing (42) forms the plane included angle in 20 ° of-60 ° of scopes downwards, the area of its dividing plate is half of cylindrical housings (42) sectional area, and, carry out curyilinear isolation configuration with the relative direction up and down of every dividing plate (37) by dislocation; Smoke outlet (35) is configured in housing (42) top, and links with housing (42); Tornado dust collector (34), its gas phase import (46) links with the smoke outlet (35) of case top, and its gaseous phase outlet (45) is connected to the combustion chamber (31) or the heating chamber (19) of horizontal revolving reaction still through steel pipe; Driven type double-layer grate (38) belongs to the traditional type structure, is back and forth rotated by electric motor driving fire grate (38), and it is configured in the top of entering fire door (43) above the interior bottom of housing (42) with warm air; Spiral ash ejector (41) is configured in the bottom of housing (42), and communicates with housing (42); Warm air hand-hole (43) is configured in the bottom of housing (42), and communicates with housing (42); Bulkhead (40), its metope become with the bottom water plane of cylindrical housings (42) 90 ° vertical, the coping cross section is configured in the bottom of the minimum end of driven type double-layer grate (38) with leaving little clearance;
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1,2 and 3, method of the present invention is described further:
Domestic refuse is pulverized or do not pulverized, be encased in the airtight horizontal revolving reaction still (1); Simultaneously, with the inorganic slag (41) that incinerator (44) is discharged, the proportioning of pressing rubbish weight 5-20% follows domestic refuse together, joins in the rotation scission reaction still (1); After maybe will containing the heating of each class I liquid I organic waste such as sand plain oil, heavy oil and becoming mobile liquid, squeeze in the thermo-cracking revolving reaction still (1) with pump (26); The water vapor of certain pressure is fed in the scission reaction still (1), the central hollow tubular axis (9,3) of air on still end socket (5) in the reactor (1) driven out outside the still (1), to prevent that the interior air of still (1) from forming electrolytic gas with the hydro carbons that reacts the back generation and blasting; Rotate with electric motor driving reactor (1), the high-temperature flue gas (47) that vertical boiling incinerator (44) is discharged is incorporated into the heating chamber (19) of scission reaction still (1) or flammable tail gas is incorporated into scission reaction still (1) combustion chamber (31) and burns to reactor (1) heat supply, make material in the reactor (1) that scission reaction take place in the gap or when rotation is rolled continuously, generate the gas phase hydrocarbon, reaction finishes; The remaining cracked residue (48) that contains partial organic substances can pass through the stirring of the screw rod agitator (16) in the still (1) and discharge outside the still (1); During deslagging, with the water vapor of certain pressure residual gas phase hydrocarbon in the still (1) is driven out outside the still (1) through reactor central hollow tubular axis (9,3) earlier, to blast in the air admission still (1) that prevents the outside; Fixed bed (14) is installed in the rotary scission reaction still (1), the gas phase hydrocarbon stream that heat scission reaction produces is when fixed bed (14), contact with the catalyzer in the fixed bed (14), carry out catalytic cracking reaction and generate the gas phase hydrocarbon, catalytic cracking reaction institute heat requirement is supplied with by heat scission reaction still (1); The gas phase hydrocarbon that heat scission reaction and catalytic cracking reaction are produced brings out material central hollow axle (9,3) through reactor (1) and discharges outside the still (1), and through after having the hydrocarbon ils holding tank (32) of chuck water of condensation, obtain lower boiling hydrocarbon ils and inflammable gas at last, inflammable gas is behind water-sealed tank (24), and the outer combustion chamber (31) that is introduced in scission reaction still (1) burns; The reaction residues (48) of scission reaction still (1) being discharged with lift or spiral conveyer, be transported in the screw feeder (36) that links with vertical boiling incinerator (44) top by mud hole (2), rotation by screw feeder (36), allow scission reaction residue (48) in vertical boiling incinerator (44), fall from top to bottom evenly, in dropping process, residue (48) is subjected to the stopping and reduction of speed of tilt clapboard (37) on incinerator (44) inwall, and with enter from stove (44) bottom, went here and there fire grate (38), carry out counter current contact fully toward stove (44) top-direction mobile warm air (49), cracked residue (48) seethes with excitement in incinerator (44), adverse current is burned; Temperature of combustion in the incinerator (44) is controlled at 750-1200 ℃, and pressure is normal pressure or is higher than normal pressure; In burning process, having burnt cinder all drops on the driven type double-layer grate (38) of stove (44) bottom with the residue that does not burn cinder, contact with fresh hot air (49) from the saturating rising of fire grate (38) bottom string, on fire grate (38), burn away further to cinder, inorganic slag (50) is along with the transmission of driven type double-layer grate (38) behind the burning cinder, constantly be fed in the spiral discharging machine (41) of incinerator (44) furnace bottom, and discharged outside the incinerator (44) by the promotion of screw rod; The inorganic slag of a part (50) that incinerator (44) is discharged turns back in the rotation scission reaction still (1) while hot, to improve the inorganicization structure of domestic refuse, prevent still (1) inwall coking, remaining slag (50) obtains commercial inorganic filler, building materials raw material and metal after pulverizing, magnetic separation, separation; The high-temperature flue gas (47) of discharging in the vertical boiling incinerator (44) after tornado dust collector (34) dedusting, is introduced in rotation scission reaction still (1) heating chamber (19), supplies with scission reaction institute heat requirement.
Below more the present invention is described detail ground, but the present invention is not limited by specific embodiment.
Embodiment
The 1000KG domestic refuse is ground into block below 37 centimetres, is encased in the airtight horizontal revolving reaction still (1) with lift; Simultaneously, follow domestic refuse together in the inorganic slag (41) that 200KG incinerator (44) is discharged, join in the rotation scission reaction still (1); The water vapor of 0.1MPa pressure is fed in the scission reaction still (1), the air in the reactor (1) is driven out outside the still (1); Rotate with electric motor driving reactor (1), the 800-1000 ℃ of high-temperature flue gas (47) that vertical boiling incinerator (44) is discharged is incorporated into the heating chamber (19) of scission reaction still (1) to reactor (1) heat supply, reactor temperature is controlled at 390-420 ℃, and pressure is 0.07-0.1MPa; Heat scission reaction takes place in the domestic refuse block in the reactor (1) when rotation is rolled, produce the gas phase thing, gaseous stream is through fixed bed (14), and contacts with XDL-1 type catalyzer in the fixed bed (14), carries out catalytic cracking reaction and generates low-molecular-weight gas phase hydrocarbon; Catalytic cracking reaction institute heat requirement is supplied with by heat scission reaction still (1); The gas phase hydrocarbon that heat scission reaction and catalytic cracking reaction are produced brings out material central hollow axle (9,3) through reactor (1) and discharges outside the still (1), and, obtain lower boiling hydrocarbon ils and inflammable gas (H at last through after having the hydrocarbon ils holding tank (32) of chuck water of condensation
2, C
1-C
4); Inflammable gas is introduced in and goes burning to reclaim heat in the vertical boiling incinerator behind water-sealed tank (24); After finishing, question response carries out deslagging; During deslagging, with the water vapor of 0.1MPa pressure residual gas phase hydrocarbon in the still (1) is driven out outside the still (1) through reactor central hollow tubular axis (9,3) earlier, to blast in the air admission still (1) that prevents the outside; With the reaction residues (48) of spiral conveyer with scission reaction still (1) discharge, be transported in the screw feeder (36) that links with vertical boiling incinerator (44) top by mud hole (2), rotation by screw feeder (36), allow scission reaction residue (48) in vertical boiling incinerator (44), fall from top to bottom evenly, in dropping process, residue (48) is subjected to the stopping and reduction of speed of tilt clapboard (37) on incinerator (44) inwall, and with enter from stove (44) bottom, went here and there fire grate (38), carry out counter current contact fully toward stove (44) top-direction mobile warm air (49), cracked residue (48) seethes with excitement in incinerator (44), adverse current is burned; Temperature of combustion in the incinerator (44) is controlled at 750-1100 ℃, pressure is 0.06-0.09MPa, in burning process, having burnt cinder all drops on the driven type double-layer grate (38) of stove (44) bottom with the residue that does not burn cinder, contact with fresh hot air (49) from the saturating rising of fire grate (38) bottom string, on fire grate (38), burn away further to cinder, inorganic slag (50) is along with the transmission of driven type double-layer grate (38) behind the burning cinder, constantly be fed in the spiral discharging machine (41) of incinerator (44) furnace bottom, and discharged outside the incinerator (44) by the promotion of screw rod; Slag (50) obtains commercial inorganic filler, building materials raw material and metal after pulverizing, magnetic separation, separation; The high-temperature flue gas (47) of discharging in the vertical boiling incinerator (44) after tornado dust collector (34) dedusting, is introduced in rotation scission reaction still (1) heating chamber (19), supplies with scission reaction institute heat requirement.
Above-mentioned reaction parameter is as follows:
Domestic refuse: 1000KG
Rubbish composition: volatile matter 76%, fixed carbon 13.8%, ash 10.2%;
Ultimate analysis: H 5.8%, O 22.3%, and C 53.34%, and S 0.56%, and N 7.8%, ash 10.2%;
Cracking temperature in the kettle: 350-420 ℃;
Cracking still internal pressure: 0.07-0.1MPa;
Catalyzer: XDL-1 type;
Interior temperature: 750-1100 ℃ of vertical incinerator:
Hydrocarbon ils: 122KG or 12.2% (w%);
(w% mainly is hydro carbons and CO to gas: 386KG or 38.6%
2Gas);
Moisture content: 390KG or 39% (W%);
Residue: 102KG or 10.2% (W%);
Claims (10)
1. the method with making hydrocarbon oil from household garbage comprises: described domestic refuse is pulverized or do not pulverized, in the airtight horizontal revolving reaction still of packing into; Simultaneously, with the inorganic slag of rubbish weight 5-30%, join in the rotation scission reaction still and and domestic garbage mixing; Rotation and reacting by heating still carry out scission reaction; The gas phase hydrocarbon that scission reaction generated is discharged reactor, and collect the hydro carbons of drawing by reactor; To contain organic cracked residue and discharge the scission reaction still, and be transported in the vertical boiling incinerator, cracked residue and warm air carry out counter current contact in incinerator, and burn to cinder under boiling state;
2. the process of claim 1 wherein that described scission reaction comprises heat scission reaction and catalytic cracking reaction;
3. the method for claim 2, wherein said catalytic cracking reaction carries out on the catalytic fixed bed that places reactor inside; If do not put catalyzer in the fixed bed, catalytic cracking reaction does not then take place;
4. claim 2 and 3 method, wherein said scission reaction temperature is 350-600 ℃, pressure is kept normal pressure or is higher than normal pressure;
5. the method for claim 2, the used catalyzer of wherein said catalytic cracking reaction comprises (W%): 5% CT304,35% REY, 15% mordenite (silica alumina ratio is: 10: 1), 5% CRC-1,5% CHO-2 and 35% ZSM-5 catalyzer;
6. the process of claim 1 wherein the heat that produces behind the high-temperature flue gas that described scission reaction institute heat requirement is discharged from vertical fluidizing furnace or the flammable tail gas that burns;
7. the process of claim 1 wherein that described domestic refuse comprises: industrial organic waste, plastic waste, damaged tire, waste rubber, oil-containing sand, paper scrap, nylon, leather, Mierocrystalline cellulose, mud, residual oil, heavy oil, carbohydrate (surplus after the meal food), melon and fruit peel, wood chip and other polymer organic waste.
8. the process of claim 1 wherein that described scission reaction can be gap or serialization production;
9. with the equipment of making hydrocarbon oil from household garbage, mainly comprise: horizontal revolving reaction still, vertical boiling incinerator and hydrocarbon ils collection device; Described horizontal revolving reaction still comprises:
Cylindrical housings is supported in cylindrical housings on the ground by bearing support and the support that is placed in its two ends, and its bottom bracket places on the support;
The round tooth wheel disc is enclosed within on the identical cylindrical housings wall of the outer-rotor of diameter securely, the driving gear disc spins, and then the cylinder shape housing of reactor is followed synchronous rotation;
Rotation axis, it is connected in the two ends of housing and becomes one with housing, and coincide with bearing support, rotates synchronously with reactor;
The central hollow tubular axis comprises that water vapor advances hollow tubular axis of still and the hollow tubular axis of discharging, and it is at the reactor enclosure interior extend perpendicular that makes progress, enter in the reactor housing through rotation axis and middle part, housing two ends, and be connected to a fixed with bearing support, when housing rotated, the center tubular axis did not rotate;
The screw rod agitator, it is disposed at the inside of reactor housing and connects in the reactor housing;
The feeding-in solid body inlet, it is disposed at an end of reactor housing;
The water vapor imported valve, it is disposed on the hollow tubular axis of charging;
Fixed bed, its arranged perpendicular communicates on discharging central hollow tube axle and with it;
Slag-drip opening, it is at an end of reactor housing; Described vertical boiling incinerator comprises:
Cylindrical housings, the horizontal bottom by housing supports on the ground;
Feeding screw is configured in top one side of housing, and links with housing;
Semicircle dividing plate with holes, the hole between centers that is drilled with diameter on its plate face and is between 3-8 centimetre the every hole of circular hole is 15-20 centimetre, the position of circular hole is branch arbitrarily; The post jamb plane of plate face and housing forms the plane included angle in 20 ° of-60 ° of scopes downwards, and the area of its dividing plate is half of cylindrical housings sectional area, and with the up and down relative direction of every dividing plate by dislocation, carries out curyilinear isolation configuration;
Smoke outlet is configured in case top, and links with housing;
Tornado dust collector, the smoke outlet of its gas phase import and case top links, and its gaseous phase outlet is led the heating chamber that is connected to horizontal revolving reaction still through pipe, and the dust discharge mouth of pipe of its bottom is connected with lower housing portion;
The driven type double-layer grate belongs to conventional structure, is back and forth rotated by the electric motor driving fire grate, and it is configured in the top that the intravital bottom of shell and warm air advance fire door,
The spiral ash ejector is configured in the bottom of housing, and communicates with housing;
The warm air hand-hole is configured in the bottom of housing, and communicates with housing;
Bulkhead, its metope become with the bottom water plane of cylindrical housings 90 ° vertical, the coping cross section is configured in the bottom of the minimum end of driven type double-layer grate with leaving little clearance;
10. the equipment of claim 9, the cylindrical housings of wherein said vertical incinerator also can be the square bodily form or cuboid;
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02104496 CN1446881A (en) | 2002-03-25 | 2002-03-25 | Method for making hydrocarbon oil from household garbage and equipment therefor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02104496 CN1446881A (en) | 2002-03-25 | 2002-03-25 | Method for making hydrocarbon oil from household garbage and equipment therefor |
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| CN1446881A true CN1446881A (en) | 2003-10-08 |
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ID=28048391
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02104496 Pending CN1446881A (en) | 2002-03-25 | 2002-03-25 | Method for making hydrocarbon oil from household garbage and equipment therefor |
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| CN101352721B (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2011-07-27 | 周鼎力 | Method for sequentially processing consumer waste |
| CN103028595A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-04-10 | 周鼎力 | Energy utilization method for household garbage |
| CN103045273A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-04-17 | 周鼎力 | Method and equipment for preparing fuel from household garbage for suppressing dioxin |
| CN103398381A (en) * | 2013-03-31 | 2013-11-20 | 香港优华环保设备有限公司 | Intelligent low-carbon boiler energy-saving emission-reducing system |
| CN103627422A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-12 | 王新明 | Waste tire cracking feeding technology and equipment |
| CN103834452A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2014-06-04 | 周鼎力 | Equipment for preparation of fuel from domestic garbage |
| CN104130787A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2014-11-05 | 周鼎力 | Household garbage horizontal-type rotating pyrolytic reaction kettle |
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| CN109974013A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-07-05 | 林庆樵 | A kind of waste incinerator and the energy for cracking fuel-displaced equipment utilize mutually combined system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101352721B (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2011-07-27 | 周鼎力 | Method for sequentially processing consumer waste |
| CN103045273A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-04-17 | 周鼎力 | Method and equipment for preparing fuel from household garbage for suppressing dioxin |
| CN103834452B (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2016-04-06 | 青岛阿尔卑斯环保科技有限公司 | The equipment of fuel is produced by domestic refuse |
| CN103834452A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2014-06-04 | 周鼎力 | Equipment for preparation of fuel from domestic garbage |
| CN103028595A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-04-10 | 周鼎力 | Energy utilization method for household garbage |
| CN103398381A (en) * | 2013-03-31 | 2013-11-20 | 香港优华环保设备有限公司 | Intelligent low-carbon boiler energy-saving emission-reducing system |
| CN103398381B (en) * | 2013-03-31 | 2015-12-23 | 香港优华环保设备有限公司 | Intelligent low carbon boiler energy-saving and emission-reduction system |
| CN104130787A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2014-11-05 | 周鼎力 | Household garbage horizontal-type rotating pyrolytic reaction kettle |
| CN105921485A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2016-09-07 | 天紫环保投资控股有限公司 | Organic matter garbage disposal system provided with slide guide ring |
| CN103627422A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-12 | 王新明 | Waste tire cracking feeding technology and equipment |
| CN103627422B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2016-01-20 | 济南恒誉环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of junked tire cracking feed Processes and apparatus |
| CN104479758A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-04-01 | 南京理工大学 | Gasification method of waste textile fabrics |
| CN109974013A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-07-05 | 林庆樵 | A kind of waste incinerator and the energy for cracking fuel-displaced equipment utilize mutually combined system |
| CN110280204A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-27 | 任永飞 | A kind of useless chemical fibre textile degeneration system |
| CN111849537A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-10-30 | 青岛科技大学 | Continuous waste rubber cracking device |
| CN111849537B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2021-05-11 | 青岛科技大学 | Continuous waste rubber cracking device |
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