CN1443433A

CN1443433A - Compact high performance speaker

Info

Publication number: CN1443433A
Application number: CN 01811725
Authority: CN
Inventors: G·A·格仑瑟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-06-27
Filing date: 2001-06-27
Publication date: 2003-09-17
Also published as: JP2004502365A; EP1329130A4; EP1329130A1; EP1329130B1; AU2001270246A1; WO2002001913A1

Abstract

A speaker has first and second annular magnets (1, 2) arranged concentrically with each other and connected by a shunt (3) at one end and a pole-defining structure (4, 5) at the other end to concentrate magnetic flux in a cylindrical voice coil gap (G). The shunt and pole structure are stacked such that the combined magnetic assembly has an opening (C) extending centrally therethrough. A voice coil (VC) rides in the cylindrical magnetic flux gap and its leads are brought out through the opening (C) to the other side of the magnet. When used with an enclosure, the diaphragm (D) of the speaker may communicate through the central opening with the volume of a tuned enclosure extending behind the speaker, or the opening may serve as a port of the enclosure, allowing further degrees of control over total acoustics. Shaped pole pieces each lying against one of the magnets together define a shallow voice coil gap of high flux density in which the field is efficiently focused.

Description

Compact high performance speaker

The cross reference of related application

The application relates to the 60/214th, No. 689 provisional application case of the U.S. of submission on June 27th, 2000, and requires priority according to the regulation of United States code the 35th chapter the 119th (e).This provisional application case is incorporated this paper in the mode of quoting fully.Background of invention

The present invention relates to a kind of audio tweeter, and be particularly related to a kind of compact loudspeaker.In recent years, the quantity about compact loud speaker application case significantly improves.This part gives the credit to the appearance of a large amount of novel consumption electronic products and personal music electronic playing device, and they need and promote the high-quality acoustics of the use of accessory speakers with the output max volume.Trend to small-sized bookshelf-type or desktop system development has also promoted the use of compact loud speaker, and has become the such audio product of large-scale loud speaker of the similar box work of benchmark for many years, then is eliminated gradually.

For many these class application cases, lightweight and portable be vital.Concerning some, price then is a key factor.Concerning other, then expect by box work or other shells optimize speaker performance.In this case, the require careful consideration structure and the acoustic characteristic of loud speaker and shell.But miniature loudspeaker has caused many technical problems, especially at the low frequency end of wave spectrum, because little film efficient when low frequencies is not high, and has higher natural resonance.Make small size of systems obtain the performance of expectation the compensation method of adopting a whole set of, for example use high drive current, longer lag line coil structures (throw coilconstruction), more powerful magnetic gap, improved thin-film material and novel rack structure.

Therefore, expectation can provide a kind of compact loud speaker of improvement.

Also expectation provides a kind of shell, and it can make the performance of compact loud speaker further improve.

Also expectation provides this loud speaker and design of shell simultaneously, and wherein shell self can be used as a unit and is fit to be placed on rack, metope or other positions, and it does not need a large amount of acoustic engineerings or independent design to consider, just can be suitable with supporting structure.

Summary of the invention

The present invention's loud speaker can be realized target one or more and that other are desired, first and second annular magnets are concentrated and are placed in together in loud speaker, and be connected by the splitter structure of an end and the limit fixed structure of the other end, thus with flux concentrating in cylindrical gap.The same with magnet, splitter and pole piece structure also are annular, and stacked mutually, thereby make the magnetic part after the combination have the perforate of passing central authorities.The voice coil loudspeaker voice coil of loud speaker floats in the cylindrical magnetic gap, and it drives lead and passes central openings and be connected with the loud speaker rear portion.In different embodiment, loudspeaker film links to each other with loud speaker tuned casing afterwards by central openings, and this has further controlled whole acoustics.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the cylindrical magnetic gap between two magnet separates radial polarization and opposite polarity annular magnet.Being positioned at each magnet end face has two T-shaped pole pieces, and they have determined the shallow voice coil gap with high magnetic flux density that mainly is connected with magnetic gap.This structure can be used for using the parts of two annular neodium magnets, it has the external diameter of 25 millimeters and 36 millimeters, obtaining the total magnetic flux density that the per inch voice coil gap surpasses 1.4 teslas (Tesla), and to be lower than total loud speaker weight of 2 ounces (ounce) and the gross energy in the gap be 100 milliwatts (milliwatt) second.Reduced the quality of expensive neodymium like this, the effective simultaneously overall performance that accumulates in effective flux in the gap and improved loud speaker.Specifically, magnet obtains high-energy in very shallow gap, and this makes can be with the strong driving film of little amplitude.The through hole of central authorities plays the guiding loading and unloading in loudspeaker assembly and loud speaker installation process subsequently.Can also utilize perforate in more shallow relatively container, to obtain the level of signification of damping or resonance coupling.This container can be a casing that door is arranged that is installed on that flush or lower panel or the wall.

Description of drawings

Introduce the present invention's illustrative embodiment and relevant example below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 has illustrated the high-performance magnetism iron construction of the loudspeaker voice coil according to the present invention;

Figure 1A has illustrated another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 has illustrated the field vector of magnetic structure among Figure 1A;

Fig. 3 is the magnetic flux density figure of structure interval among Figure 1A;

Fig. 4 A and 4B are respectively the magnetic flux path and the field wire of structure among Figure 1A;

Fig. 5-8 respectively with Figure 1A, 2,3 and 4A corresponding, first characteristics of the solid dish magnet arrangement of structure relatively have been described;

Fig. 9-12A, 12B are corresponding with Figure 1A, 2,3,4A and 4B respectively, and second characteristics of the solid dish magnet arrangement of structure relatively have been described; And

Figure 13 one 16A, 16B are corresponding with Figure 1A, 2,3,4A and 4B respectively, and the 3rd characteristics of the solid dish magnet arrangement of structure relatively have been described.

Detailed Description Of The Invention

The present invention seeks to provide a kind of high efficiency loudspeakers of improvement, and its magnetic minor structure adopts cheap metal parts.Usually adopt permanent magnet in the loud speaker, in less high-performance loud speaker, preferably adopt the rare-earth magnet as neodium magnet.The magnetic minor structure also comprises splitter and pole piece structure, with magnetic field concentration in high magnetic flux gap, in the crack, the cylindrical voice coil loudspeaker voice coil that is additional on the loudspeaker film moves under the effect that adds driving current signal during this time.

In this speaker design process, may be from existing design, according to being regarded as a most important parameter, the optimized design of seeking the New-type loudspeaker magnetic property as magnetic flux, weight, physical depth or price.Although the method is very direct, effectively do not improve and may reduce the performance of other not optimised parameters.The invention provides a kind of structure of innovation, the performance that can improve several parameters simultaneously is to realize a kind of very compact high efficiency loudspeakers.

Applicant's early stage patent and patent application case have been quoted at this, specific as follows: the U.S. the 5th, No. 802191 patent application cases, US application serial No. 09/100,411, US application serial No. 09/439,416, corresponding international application PCT/US99/27011, its US application serial No. 09/639,416 and corresponding international application PCT/US00/22119.Above-mentioned patent and patent application case are incorporated this paper in the mode of quoting fully.

Fig. 1 has represented a specific embodiment of loud speaker 10 of the present invention.Detailed its magnet arrangement 20 and the sketch of film D and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil VC of having demonstrated.For example, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil VC can be entwined on cylindrical spool (as being shaped with polyimides (Kapton) thin slice) by copper or other conductors, and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil VC floats among the magnetic gap G, magnet arrangement 20 with flux concentrating in magnetic gap G.Shown film D is for crossing over the flat board of cylindrical voice coil loudspeaker voice coil VC.The outward flange of this film hangs flexible rubber or polymer belt usually, to form the framework (not shown).But, in other embodiments, can adopt convex or the spill film of crossing over voice coil diameter, or adopt and mainly extend to the flat board or the taper film of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil circumference outside, so that in a bigger framework, install.In this case, with a flexibility but be additional on voice coil loudspeaker voice coil or the film in the endless belt that in-plane has a rigidity, place the center of magnetic gap G to keep voice coil loudspeaker voice coil.Usually at the outward flange of circular cone, another flexible band is additional to film on the speaker frame.

As shown in Figure 1, the magnet arrangement 20 of loudspeaker assembly 10 comprises that first and second annular magnets, 1,2, two magnet shafts are to placing and being connected by the splitter member 3 that is positioned at magnet one side.In the illustrated embodiment, splitter member 3 is not flat board or thin plate but molded component, and to its internal diameter and the attenuation gradually of external diameter edge direction.This has formed inclined-plane (or for circular) 3a and 3b, and the inclined-plane extends to the thinnest zone away from core.Opposite side at

magnet

1,2 is respectively shaping pole 4,5.As shown in Figure 1, inside and outside cylinder-

shaped magnet

1,2 is placed closely together, and only has very little gap between the inwall of the excircle of internal magnet and external magnet.Pole piece 4,5 has an annular ring separately, and pole piece is positioned at the top of corresponding magnet, and the interval between its opposite face has formed voice coil gap G.In the illustrated embodiment, clearance G is less than the gap between two following magnet, and concentric with it.Proportionally, in one embodiment of this invention, about 1 inch of the diameter of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil C, internal magnet 1 have 24.5 millimeters external diameter and 8 millimeters central openings.1.5 millimeters in the internal diameter of magnet 2 and magnet 1 gap, its overall diameter is 36 millimeters.Pole piece 4,5 has reduced magnetic gap, makes clearance G have only 1 millimeter.Be similar to permanent magnet 3, pole piece 4,5 is thicker in the place near clearance G, and to the attenuation or attenuate gradually of its internal diameter and external diameter edge direction.

Figure 1A has represented the magnet arrangement of the loud speaker prototype according to the present invention, has shown the face that speaker magnet one side is radially cut open.In this embodiment, outer pole piece 5 has outstanding round platform 5a.The edge of film (flat membrane as shown in Figure 1) can invest on the round platform 5a.Pole piece is formed by suitable material, and such as iron or steel, and its shape can better utilize magnetic flux, and magnetic flux is accumulated in the voice coil gap, and pole piece can also provide relief or gap that film can not drummed.

The magnetic flux density that Fig. 3 has drawn and obtained in the gap.As shown in it, the structure of two concentric belt magnet compositions is by 2 millimeters magnetic flux densities of taking advantage of 1 mm clearance to produce 1.4 teslas (Tesla); Total gap energy is 100 milliwatts (milliwatt) seconds.

Fig. 2 has represented the vector of magnet arrangement among Figure 1A.The solid line that right-hand side inserts among the figure has been represented metal/magnet segment, and wherein numeral is corresponding with numeral among Fig. 1.Magnet is polarized by N-S along the axle that goes in ring, and the magnet 2 that goes in ring outward is opposite with the internal magnet polarised direction.In this embodiment, outer pole piece 5 has the short-term of extension or extends band 5a at its excircle, and it has influenced outfield line, and this has detailed expression in figure subsequently.Pole piece and splitter structure on the belt magnet of opposite polarization can concentrate on high magnetic flux density in the clearance G by more effective use magnetisable material.

Again as shown in fig. 1, internal magnet 1 and permanent magnet 3 and interior pole piece 4 are annular member, and they have determined a physics perforate C in the central authorities of magnet component.Loud speaker input lead a, b pass this central openings and are connected with voice coil loudspeaker voice coil VC.The expression that it should be noted that the input driver circuit only is schematic representation.A lead passes perforate, and second links to each other with ground connection with the metal structure of loud speaker.This outer conductor a, b needn't for shown in lead, also can be other forms, as the conductor element of flexible cable or microlithography, can embed plastic sheet therein to reinforce metallic conductor.In addition, with before the conductor that passes central openings C is connected, driver circuit can be connected to surperficial terminal pad structure on the film D from voice coil loudspeaker voice coil.Also can use other interconnection techniques of this technical field.

But driver circuit or lead preferably directly pass perforate.This structure has omitted the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil lead has been inserted the terminal block be positioned on film or the structure centre support (tapered) or the step of terminal pad.Need meticulous processing inside loudspeakers framework because connect in the middle of this, this is a step consuming time in the prior art.

Perforate C also makes the air before and after the loud speaker communicate.Therefore, when film D extends to the whole section of magnet component, its performance will be subjected to the influence of gas column rigidity, and this gas column passes other spaces after perforate enters casing or magnet.When film did not have cover or dome from voice coil loudspeaker voice coil to its excircle extension and at the center, this perforate can alleviate the influence of casing rigidity, and/or draws the sound of casing inside.Therefore, the magnet perforate has realized that acoustical coupling comes the coupled system response, and makes casing have the influence that port alleviates gas column rigidity in the little casing.

Fig. 4 A and 4B described to go in ring among Figure 1A magnetic flux path/field wire of magnet arrangement and device gap area, it has continuous tone and lines independently respectively.This has illustrated and has used small magnet to determine that the magnetic flux path of symmetry is very effective in the magnet component of opening is arranged.

In prototype embodiment, the capable structure of dicyclo has 8 millimeters central openings so that air communication and wiring.Interior neodymium ring has 24.5 millimeters external diameter and 8.25 millimeters radial thickness, and simultaneously outer neodymium ring has 36 millimeters external diameter and 4.25 millimeters radial thickness, so the spacing between two concentric magnet is 1.5 millimeters.Two magnet are 3.5 millimeters thick, therefore use (1.47+1.45) cc of many being equivalent to or 2.97cc, weigh the magnetic material of 22.5 grams (grams).The inside ceiling panel of steel and roof sheet weigh 5 and 5.77 grams (grams) respectively.System's total weight is 48 grams (grams), and the gross energy of the magnetic flux density of 1.4 teslas (Tesla) and 100 milliwatts (milliwatt) second can be provided. Compare demonstration example 1

Referring to Fig. 5-8, and respectively with Figure 1A, 2,3 and 4A relatively can understand the value of these performance characteristics.First total weight of relatively constructing is constant, but adopts single hard neodymium disk magnet optimization system.As shown in the figure, its energy is far below the present invention's system, admittedly and the magnetic flux distribution of coiling middle section do not increase in fact between gap density be wasted.Gross energy in the gap is 65 milliwatts (milliwatt) seconds, and total magnetic flux is 1.21 teslas (Tesla), and system's total weight is 49.5 grams (grams), and the outer shell in the system has formed substantial portion.Therefore, in the parameter of being discussed, have only one to improve in the above, promptly simpler iron core and pole piece structure have reduced cost in the magnet. Compare demonstration example 2

Another is valuable relatively to be as shown in Figure 9 magnet arrangement, and use therein neodium magnet amount is identical with system among Fig. 1-4.In this demonstration example, magnet is the high disk of 10 millimeters thick, has the weight of 24.5 millimeters diameter and 12.55 grams.Top board is identical with last demonstration example with base plate, but has thicker splitter, makes total system weight increase to 48.5 grams.Magnetic flux only is increased to 1.32 teslas (Tesla), but the magnet degree of depth increases to 15.5 millimeters, makes structure be not suitable for more shallow casing to a certain extent.Figure 10-12B has shown the whole geometry of magnetic flux density, magnetic flux distribution, field wire model and this demonstration example. Compare demonstration example 3

If under the situation that adopts disk magnet, want with Fig. 1-5 in system have identical gap energy, can adopt the structure shown in Figure 13.Magnet thickness among the figure is 12 millimeters, weighs 40 grams, and outer shell and top board make total system weight surpass 100 grams.Figure 15-16B has shown the whole geometry of magnetic flux density, magnetic flux distribution, field wire model and this demonstration example.It is 18.5 millimeters that this structure causes the magnet degree of depth, to such an extent as to can't use in the panel speaker of plane too deeply.The magnet weight that increases has also caused this design more expensive more than the capable design of dicyclo shown in Figure 1.

Therefore, the capable magnet design of dicyclo has high magnetic flux density under the situation of lightweight as can be seen.By relatively, the traditional design with common flux demonstrates too deeply, too heavy and too expensive shortcoming.Loud speaker of the present invention not only effectively concentrates on useful flux in narrow, the shallow voice coil gap, and the central openings of the capable design of dicyclo has also been determined the path of movable voice coil loudspeaker voice coil power line.By saving, reduced the manufacturing cost of loud speaker with driver circuit and the meticulous step that loud speaker internal fixation voice coil loudspeaker voice coil joint is connected.It also makes part dimension littler (not utilizing circumference space on every side to connect up because do not need) simultaneously and has simplified the installation method of casing.The energy that extracts from neodymium has very high efficient, thereby has improved the acoustic efficiency of Linear Driving motor.As mentioned above, porose magnet can also reduce the influence of loudspeaker enclosure rigidity, or makes outside tuning casing and air communication, with weaken or tuning combination loudspeaker/enclosure system in response.

The person of ordinary skill in the field can understand invention disclosed herein and described embodiment with and further changes and improvements, and improve or change and all be within the present invention's the claim or its equivalent scope.

Claims

1. the magnet component of a loud speaker, these parts comprise:

First and second annular magnets of coaxial arrangement, and formed a radial clearance during this time, described first and second magnet are by radial polarization;

Splitter is crossed over a side of described first and second magnet and is connected;

One first pole piece, it has one first working face, described first pole piece place first magnet it; And

One second pole piece, it has one second working face, and described second pole piece places on second magnet;

Determined a voice coil gap between described parts first and second working faces, made magnetic flux be concentrated in the described voice coil gap, and the central openings of passing described parts is provided.

2. magnet component as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first and second magnet are rare-earth magnet.

3. magnet component as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first and second magnet are neodium magnet.

4. a loud speaker comprises:

A film;

A voice coil loudspeaker voice coil that links to each other with film; And

A magnet component, it has determined the magnetic flux gap, wherein voice coil loudspeaker voice coil places the magnetic flux gap, described magnet component comprises the annular magnet of a pair of concentric arrangement, a splitter, its side at described magnet interconnects magnet, and a pair of pole piece that is positioned at the opposite side of described magnet, so as effectively with flux concentrating in the voice coil gap that the opposite working by pole piece forms.

5. loud speaker as claimed in claim 4, wherein the power lead of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil passes from the central authorities of magnet component.

6. loud speaker as claimed in claim 4, wherein magnet component has central openings, to realize being communicated with of air and loud speaker back space.

7. loud speaker as claimed in claim 6, it also comprises a casing, wherein said central openings links to each other with casing.

8. method of making loudspeaker assembly, the method may further comprise the steps:

A magnet component is provided, and it has central openings and magnetic gap that passes parts;

Voice coil loudspeaker voice coil is placed the gap of magnet component first side; And

Make the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil driver circuit pass second side that perforate arrives magnet component.