CN1441307A

CN1441307A - Field depth calculating formula for stereo picture and field depth locating rule for stereo shooting

Info

Publication number: CN1441307A
Application number: CN02106639.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 劳国华; 朱彼得
Original assignee: American Science and Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: American Science and Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-02-28
Filing date: 2002-02-28
Publication date: 2003-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 2022-02-28
Also published as: CN100437350C

Abstract

The stereo picture field depth rule is used to calculate and control the field depth of grating stereo picture. It is one long rule set on the ground of studio, and has one end with printed mark for the stereo camera to set and one series of marks in the whole length and at the interval indicating the unit parallel error. Based on the set positions on the field depth rule to arrange the distance between each two of foreground, main scene and background, stereo picture with optimized stereo effect and clear foreground and background. In the present invention, field depth unit formula and field depth displacement slide rail for stereo photography are presented.

Description

Stereoscopic photograph depth of field computing formula and stereoscopic photograph depth of field positioning rule

Technical field

The present invention relates to the grating stereo photo, the formula that particularly calculates and control the grating stereo photo depth of field is to keep the sharpness of image.

Background technology

Stereographic development has surpassed half a century, but also fails popular so far.Because of the quality of past stereoscopic photograph very poor, not that not enough stereoscopic sensation is exactly that stereoscopic sensation is strong greatly, front and back scape image on the photo is rocked, smudgy, cannot accept, its main cause is that the depth of field of stereoscopic photograph is inappropriate, and the past cameraman does not understand how the depth of field of stereoscopic photograph goes to calculate and control yet, so it is very difficult to take good stereoscopic photograph.

The stereoscopic photograph principle:

The image of grating class stereoscopic photograph is by the flat image of several different angles synthetic (referring to Fig. 1), and the stereoeffect of stereoscopic photograph is the parallax formed (parallax is the displacement of being watched the different distance object image by different angles) of prospect and background image in contrast two width of cloth flat images.

The stereoeffect of stereoscopic photograph:

The optical function of grating lens is that a left side and right image are projected a left side and right eye respectively on the grating class stereoscopic photograph, and is imitative as watching outdoor scene, to reappear stereoscopic sensation (Fig. 2).

Because distance is fixed between two, so when watching, the near more parallax that produces of distance between object distance big more or that watch is big more, stereoscopic sensation is strong more, stereoscopic sensation is more little under the reverse situation, and our copic viewing system and eyes have the limit, when watching the object of two different distance simultaneously as eyes, too big or too near as distance between two objects with eyes, in the case the image of two objects all be ambiguous maybe can only know see one of them image.

Equally, on a width of cloth stereoscopic photograph, the parallax of image (Fig. 3) is control accurately, otherwise can not produce best stereoeffect.The stereoscopic photograph of too big parallax, image rocks when watching, and is smudgy, very uncomfortable, if opposite parallax does not just have stereoscopic sensation inadequately.The parallax of control stereoscopic photograph, as the depth of field of control plane photo, parallax is the depth of field of stereoscopic photograph especially.

What is suitable parallax, and much parallaxes are standards, and never the people understands and do not have an analysis of science, and this also is a very complicated problems.When the past, common people took stereoscopic photograph, the layout of scenery and the angle of photography were all guessed blindly, and all wanted test strip just can take satisfied stereoscopic photograph many times, the safe method of neither one at every turn.

It is a lot of to influence the relief factor of stereoscopic photograph, comprising:

The parallax of image on the stereoscopic photograph,

The width of grating lens and angle,

Watch the distance of stereoscopic photograph,

The aberration of prospect and background and contrast,

The volume of object and shape etc.

The setting of parallax:

Generally speaking, watch the distance of stereotome will be, as watch the big stereotome of area will be, also will strengthen the stereo perception that the parallax of stereotome keeps same degree simultaneously in distance far away according to the area of picture.So when taking stereoscopic photograph, the parallax that left and right sides image on the egative film is set calculates according to the egative film width, parallax on the picture is that the magnification with egative film changes, so the width of parallax and photo is directly proportional, ratio is a constant, the area that is stereotome is big more, the proportional expansion of parallax.

Summary of the invention

The result who obtains according to our experiment is, stereoscopic photograph or picture that desirable stereoeffect is arranged usually, each accepts parallax to minimum between the preceding and background of the image of taking with different angles of adjacency and the main scape is the T/500 (parallax of low T/500, can not produce stereoeffect), T is egative film or the width that amplifies stereoscopic photograph (T/500 promptly be picture width 1/500), and the highest preceding and background parallax is no more than the T/100 (parallax that surpasses T/100, image is unclear), everyone receptible parallax degree is all different, if can keep parallax ideal between T/100～T/500 (referring to Fig. 4).

The invention provides a dark chi of stereoscopic photograph image, its purpose and advantage are to have simplified the stereoscopic photograph program, before the cameraman only needs to arrange according to the desired location on the depth of field chi, in and the distance between the background, just can guarantee to shoot all stereoscopic photographs clearly of best stereoeffect and forward and backward scape image.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the image of stereoscopic photograph;

Fig. 2 is the figure that watches of stereoscopic photograph;

Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram that stereoscopic photograph produces parallax;

The setting of scape disparity range before and after Fig. 4 illustrates;

Fig. 5 illustrates depth of field chi of the present invention;

Fig. 6-the 8th, prospect, main scape and the arrangenent diagram of background on depth of field chi;

Fig. 9 illustrates the calculating of punctuate on the depth of field chi;

Figure 10 illustrates the riding position of camera on the slide rail.

The stereoscopic depth chi:

Stereoscopic photograph image depth of field chi is a long chi (Fig. 5), and chi face one end is printed on the putting position 6 of stereocamera, and whole being printed on row's setting mark punctuate 7 on the chi face, distance 8 is represented the P of parallax unit of a setting between every punctuate.

According to the present invention, the minimum parallax of stereoscopic photograph is 1 unit, and maximum disparity is 5 units.

Indicate the computing method (referring to Fig. 9) of anchor point on the depth of field chi

On the chi farthest punctuate 13 contrast the setting of camera position 6

:D1＝FX，

: F is the effective focal length of camera lens,

: X be one at 100 to 500 constant,

: and the parallax that produces between two adjacent punctuates will be the width/X of stereotome;

The setting of second punctuate 14: D2=FX/2;

The setting of the 3rd punctuate 15: D3=FX/3;

The setting of the 4th punctuate 16: D4=FX/4;

Other punctuates are calculated to nearest position of camera in same mode reciprocal.

X can be defined as 500 when actual computation, at this moment the parallax that produces between two adjacent punctuates is width/500 of stereotome, and this parallax also is minimum receptible parallax.500 substitution X can be tried to achieve:

D1＝F*500

D2＝(F*500)/2

D3＝(F*500)/3

D4＝(F*500)/4……

Using method:

When taking stereoscopic photograph, earlier depth of field chi is placed on the floor, photographic studio,

(1) earlier stereocamera (multiple lens camera) is put in the position of setting on the chi (Fig. 6 and 7) 6,

(2) main scape is located at suitable position 11,

(3) after the main scape set positions, prospect is set in the last lattice 10 of main scape, background is set in back lattice 12 of main scape.

The desired location of main scape is unrestricted, can be located at along on any punctuate of chi, preceding and background need only be located at the preceding of main scape one lattice and back (position of scape before or after equally also can setting earlier).

Distance on the depth of field chi between every punctuate is represented the minimum parallax unit of a setting, and as the stereoeffect of need enhancing stereoscopic photograph, the front and back scape can be set in and main scape surpasses the distance of 1 lattice, but can not surpass 5 lattice.And for example need only strengthen the stereoscopic sensation of background, the distance that can add background far away and main scape surpasses 1 lattice, as shown in Figure 8.

During shooting, can utilize stereo camera machine more than or utilize an one-shot camera, with its be installed on the slide rail (Figure 10) and left or right-hand moving take.

Stereoscopic photograph depth of field displacement slide rail:

Stereoscopic photograph depth of field displacement slide rail is a slide rail, on adorn the plane photographing machine, during photography camera left or right move and position shooting.Slide rail moves and can take one group of plane egative film continuously with manually or operation automatically, and the distance of camera movement is that formula according to P=T/500 to P=T/100 calculates during the photograph taking of each width of cloth plane. The lattice number of distance between main scape and the prospect Mobile camera moving distance=camera is with the practical width of image on the egative film

1 1

2 1/2

3 1/3

4 1/4

5 1/5

Claims

1. a stereoscopic photograph depth of field chi is characterized in that, the chi surface is provided with position and the row's image depth of field unit punctuate of placing stereocamera.

2. stereoscopic photograph depth of field chi according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described depth of field unit computing formula is:

D1＝FX，

D2＝FX/2，

D3＝FX/3......，

T is the practical width of the every width of cloth egative film of stereocamera,

The effective focal length of F=camera lens,

One of X=is at 100 to 500 constant, and the parallax that is produced between adjacent two punctuates on the depth of field chi is T/X,

T/500 is minimum acceptable depth of field unit,

Represent its depth of field unit between the position that scape is put before, during and after when D is live-action photography, and camera at every.

3. stereoscopic photograph depth of field chi according to claim 2 is characterized in that described depth of field unit is set at T/500, and T is the practical width of egative film or the width of stereotome.

4. stereoscopic photograph depth of field chi according to claim 1 is characterized in that the stereopsis field depth of this depth of field chi is T/500 to T/100, and T is the width of egative film or image.

5. stereoscopic photograph depth of field chi according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described field depth T/500 to T/100 can be used for the parallax preceding, the background of advocating peace of the stereopsis of computer design and sets.

6. a stereoscopic photograph slide rail is characterized in that, the disparity range on the egative film or on stereotome that distance produced that each plane photographing machine moves is T/500 to T/100, and T is the width of practical egative film or the width of stereotome.