CN1439826A - 双稳态电磁阀 - Google Patents

双稳态电磁阀 Download PDF

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CN1439826A
CN1439826A CN03103662A CN03103662A CN1439826A CN 1439826 A CN1439826 A CN 1439826A CN 03103662 A CN03103662 A CN 03103662A CN 03103662 A CN03103662 A CN 03103662A CN 1439826 A CN1439826 A CN 1439826A
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valve
aforesaid right
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cylindrical tube
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CN100342160C (zh
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H·奥特
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Harald Schroeder
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603—Multiple-way valves
    • F16K31/0624—Lift valves
    • F16K31/0627—Lift valves with movable valve member positioned between seats
    • F16K31/0631—Lift valves with movable valve member positioned between seats with ball shaped valve members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603—Multiple-way valves
    • F16K31/0606—Multiple-way valves fluid passing through the solenoid coil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644—One-way valve
    • F16K31/0651—One-way valve the fluid passing through the solenoid coil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644—One-way valve
    • F16K31/0655—Lift valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644—One-way valve
    • F16K31/0655—Lift valves
    • F16K31/0658—Armature and valve member being one single element
    • F16K31/0662—Armature and valve member being one single element with a ball-shaped valve member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644—One-way valve
    • F16K31/0655—Lift valves
    • F16K31/0665—Lift valves with valve member being at least partially ball-shaped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/08—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet
    • F16K31/082—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet using a electromagnet and a permanent magnet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • F25B41/345—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators by solenoids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/12—Sound
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
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    • F25B2600/2511—Evaporator distribution valves
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/003—Filters
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)

Abstract

推荐一种双稳态电磁阀，它可以用在冷却剂循环回路中。该阀可以用特别少的费用制造，并且可靠地密封。按照本发明这通过这样的方法达到，即在一控制线圈(3)之内的阀腔(7)由一圆柱形管体(2)构成，此管体至少伸出于装在此圆柱形管体内的极靴(5、6)。

Description

双稳态电磁阀
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按权利要求1前序部分的双稳态电磁阀。
现有技术
这种类型的阀例如用在冷却剂循环回路中，如在文献DE3718490或EP1054200中所述。
在这种阀中通过这样的方法达到双稳状态，即永久磁体在阀壳体之外设置在阀腔的旁边或者极靴旁边，使得阀体在极靴上具有两个端位置，阀体通过该永久磁体固定在这两个位置上。
对这种阀在密封性和持久稳定性方面提出了高的要求，此外通常还有这样的要求，即尽可能成本低廉地制造这种阀。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是，推荐一种阀，它可用少的费用制造并可靠地密封。
这个目的从开头所述类型的用于冷却剂循环回路的阀出发由权利要求1表示的特征来实现。
通过在从属权利要求中所述的措施可以得到本发明优良的实施形式和改进结构。
因此按本发明的阀的特征是，阀腔设置在控制线圈之内，在控制线圈之内的阀腔的外壁通过一圆柱形管体构成。其中管体至少超出装在圆柱形管体内的极靴延伸。
这意味着，和常见的阀不同极靴没有接头，而是简单地放在管体内。因此管体和极靴之间的密封性问题用极小的费用完全解决。
在本发明的一种改进结构中管体做得这样长，即其至少一直伸展到控制线圈的端面处。从而使管体即使在套上控制线圈时也能很好地接近。此外管体可以和线圈内径相配，而不必考虑连接部位。
其次在这种情况下阀的流体管接头可以特别方便地装在在控制线圈之外可接近的圆柱形管体上。
通过这样的方法得到这种流体管接头的一种特别简单的结构，即管体的至少一个末端用作用于流体的管接头。除了密封部位最少化以外这种结构还提供制造特别方便的优点，因为管接头在最简单的情况下由反正已经存在的圆柱形管体的一个末端构成。
最好阀的其它元件也装在管体内，这里例如可以考虑对于双稳态功能所需要的永久磁体或过滤元件，以便从流体中滤掉污物颗粒或者通常是杂质。但是原则上还可以将阀的其它元件毫无问题地一体设置在圆柱形管体内。
例如可以做成滤管/筛管或者也可以做成用来分离磁性的或可磁化的颗粒的磁性过滤元件的污物过滤器使污物与阀体和阀座隔离，使得有效地减少这些元件的磨损。由此又带来阀的一个高的持久的稳定性。这里特别应该指出，这种阀通常用在封闭的流体循环回路内，因此过滤能力只需够处于循环回路内的流体量的一次性净化即可。
其次所述阀元件中的至少一个至少在轴向固定在管体的内侧上是有利的。由此使阀构成一在非连接状态下可操作的单元，而不会使可能的一些阀元件在端侧从圆柱形管体掉出。
轴向固定例如通过这样的方法达到，即相应的阀元件在管体内部与它压紧/挤压。这种压紧例如可以通过从外部压在管体上以少的费用实现，其中特别是可以在一道工序内固定多个阀元件。此外通过压紧也可以在径向可靠地固定阀元件。
对于轴向固定在一种简单的实施形式中一个环形压槽或一在外侧压入的凸起便已经可以足够了。例如所有阀元件可以做成这样，即它们分别相互具有一止挡，使得通过在两端安置一压槽或凸起既可以将推入管体内的整个阀单元固定在管体内，也可以通过相互的止挡防止相对移动。
在另一种优良的实施形式中至少在阀腔的一端将一附加的内管推入管体内。用这种方法也可以实现所谓的二位三通(3/2)阀。按这种方法在内管和圆柱形管体之间的空腔用作输入管，其中在相应的极靴上或内形成一通向位于内部的阀腔的通道。在最简单的情况下这种通道可以通过一个极靴上周向侧的凹缺部分构成。从而内管本身构成在阀体的一个开关位置的用于流体的出口。在另一个开关位置管体的另一个相对的末端可用作出口。
附图的简要说明
在附图中表示本发明的一个实施例，下面借助于附图对此作较详细的说明。
具体而言，
图1表示按本发明的二位二通(2/2)阀的横截面，
图2表示按本发明的二位三通(3/2)阀的横截面。
具体实施例的描述
按图1的阀1包括一按本发明的作为阀壳体的圆柱形管体2，它完全穿过控制线圈3。这里适配件4用来形成在阀壳体2内的良好配合，并同时做成用于通过极靴5、6以及通过阀腔7的提高的磁通的导磁元件。在阀腔7内部有一球形阀体8，它在所示的位置贴合在极靴6的球形阀座9上，并在这时关闭通道孔10。通道孔10通入阀1的排出管11。
管体2一直延伸到线圈3之外的空间，从而也超出极靴5、6。
在管体2之外的环形磁体12、13用于阀的双稳特性，并通过一隔圈14固定在适配件4之间。
极靴5在其外围上有一凹缺部分或(铣)削平平面，通过它得到在极靴5和管体2之间进入阀腔7内部的流体通道15。流体通道也可以通过极靴5上的孔实现，其输入端的入口位于在滤管/筛管18和管体2的内壁之间的环形区域内。其次极靴5具有一球形阀座16，以使在第二个未画出的端位置时阀体8运动到规定的端位置。
极靴5包括一台阶17，滤管18套在此台阶上，滤管18在另一端固定在一做成环形磁体的磁性过滤器19内，滤管18和磁性过滤器19所在的管体2的管状区用作相应流体的输入管20，也就是说，特别是用于冷却剂的输入管。
流入的流体(见箭头P)首先到达磁性过滤器19的区域，磁性过滤器做成环形磁体，并直接与流体接触。由此在离阀腔7很远处磁性的或可磁化的污物颗粒便已经被持久地固定在磁性过滤器19上。
接着流体到达滤管18内部，滤管在相对的另一端的端面处通过极靴5或其台阶17封闭。因此在滤管18内流体的流动必须径向向外进行，大于滤管18的网眼21的污物颗粒留在滤管18的内腔内，从而只有净化的流体才到达滤管18和管体2之间的外空腔22内。流体从那里经过流体通道15到达阀腔7的内部。
当然只有在阀打开时才发生流动，也就是说在这样的开关位置时，即在这个位置阀体8贴合在球形阀座16上，通道10被打开。
按本发明的阀1可以毫无问题地装在流体循环回路例如冷却剂循环回路内，此回路包含由加工引起的污物颗粒，它们对于普通的冷却剂阀是不能相容(配)的，并会引起功能故障。
阀1的应用目的在于封闭的流体循环回路，这个回路在阀1在整个寿命周期上在制造以后来看，一直保持封闭。这里由滤管18和磁性过滤器19组成的过滤系统的过滤能力设计成这样，即可以不堵塞地对循环回路内的流体进行一次完全的净化。
用这种方法，亦即通过在管体2的输入管20内采用过滤器18，19和特别是通过将其直接设置在阀腔7旁边可以这样可靠地排除污物进入阀腔7内，使得可以保证阀1持久密封和无磨损地工作。
图2基本上对应于上述实施例。其中现在不同的是，一第二个管状输出管23插入管体2的内部，直至极靴5，并在那里密封地固定在一相应的孔24内。管体2和输出管23在一个密封部位25处相互封闭，例如通过压紧或焊接。
由此在输出管23和管体2之间产生一中间空腔26，在该空腔上连接一输入管27。输入管27例如可以焊接在管体2的一相应开口内。
在这种实施形式中极靴5也包括一通道孔28，它使阀腔7通过流体通道15与中间空腔26连接。
流体或冷却剂可以沿箭头P方向到达中间空腔26内，并从那里经过磁性过滤器19到达滤管18和输出管23之间的现在是环形的内腔。接着流体径向向外流入滤管18和管体2之间的外腔22，从那里它经过流体通道15到达阀腔7内。
然后根据阀体8开关位置的不同流体或者经过输出管23或者经过输出管11流出。在所示开关状态极靴5的通道孔28打开，也就是说流体经过输出管23流出。
通过控制线圈3的控制脉冲可以使阀体8到达相对的球形阀座16上，从而关闭通道孔28，打开通道10。在这个所述的，但未画出的开关位置上流体通过输出管11流出。
代替在控制线圈3内部具有一锥形流出面的适配件4，这里设有一用来引导在控制线圈3内部的磁通的套筒形导磁板29，导磁板完全填满管体2和控制线圈3之间的中间空腔。导磁板29分别和一封闭板30连接，封闭板本身与未具体画出的所谓的磁轭叠片连接或者转变成磁轭叠片。导磁板29可以和封闭板30及整个未详细画出的磁轭叠片结构一起由扁平材料冲压和弯曲或卷绕而成。
               附图标记表
1       阀                 2        管体
3       控制线圈           4        适配件
5       极靴               6        极靴
7       阀腔               8        阀体
9       球形阀座           10       通道孔
11      输出管             12       环形磁体
13    环形磁体         14         隔圈
15    流体通道         16         球形阀座
17    台阶             18         滤管
19    磁性过滤器       20         输入管
21    网眼             22         外腔
23    输出管           24         孔
25    密封部位         26         中间空腔
27    输入管           28         通道孔
29    导磁板           30         封闭板

Claims (13)

1.双稳态电磁阀，具有一设置在两个极靴之间的阀腔和一个可在该阀腔内在两个端位置之间移动的阀体，阀体做成用于至少一个永久磁体和至少一个控制线圈的衔铁，其特征为：阀腔(7)设置在控制线圈(3)之内，并且在控制线圈(3)内的阀腔(7)的外壁由一圆柱形管体(2)构成，管体至少伸出于装在圆柱形管体(2)内的极靴(5、6)。
2.按权利要求1所述的阀，其特征为：管体至少延伸到控制线圈(3)的端侧。
3.按上述权利要求之任一项所述的阀，其特征为：阀(1)的流体管接头(11、20)装在圆柱形管体(2)上。
4.按上述权利要求之任一项所述的阀，其特征为：管体(2)的至少一个末端构成一个用于流体的管接头(11、20)。
5.按上述权利要求之任一项所述的阀，其特征为：阀元件(18)装在圆柱形管体(2)内。
6.按上述权利要求之任一项所述的阀，其特征为：一个污物过滤器(18)装在圆柱形管体(2)内。
7.按上述权利要求之任一项所述的阀，其特征为：至少一个阀元件(5、6)至少在轴向固定在管体(2)的内侧上。
8.按上述权利要求之任一项所述的阀，其特征为：至少一个阀元件(5、6、18)在管体(2)内部与管体压紧。
9.按上述权利要求之任一项所述的阀，其特征为：至少一个压槽或凸起被压进管体(2)中至少用于阀元件(5、6、18)的轴向固定。
10.按上述权利要求之任一项所述的阀，其特征为：至少在阀腔(7)的一侧将一内管(23)推入管体(2)内。
11.制造双稳态电磁阀的方法，该阀具有一设置在两个极靴之间的阀腔和一可在阀腔内在两个端位置之间移动的阀体，此阀体做成用于至少一个永久磁体和用于至少一个控制线圈的衔铁，其特征为：采用一贯通的圆柱形管体(2)作为阀腔(7)的外壁，其中阀元件(5、6、18)放在管体(2)内。
12.用于特别是带有多个冷却空间、一压缩机、一冷凝器、配设于至少一个冷却空间的多个蒸发器以及至少一个根据规定的运行状态使冷凝器与一个或多个蒸发器连接的电控制阀的制冷设备的制冷回路，其特征为：控制阀(1)按上述权利要求之任一项设计。
13.带一制冷回路的家用电器，特别是冰箱或冰柜，其特征为：设有一个按权利要求1至10之任一项所述的阀的制冷回路。
CNB031036627A 2002-02-19 2003-02-19 双稳态电磁阀 Expired - Fee Related CN100342160C (zh)

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DE2002106778 DE10206778A1 (de) 2002-02-19 2002-02-19 Bistabiles elektromagnetisches Ventil
DE10230180A DE10230180A1 (de) 2002-02-19 2002-07-05 Bistabiles elektromagnetisches Ventil
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US20030160673A1 (en) 2003-08-28
CN100342160C (zh) 2007-10-10
ATE331169T1 (de) 2006-07-15
US7097149B2 (en) 2006-08-29
US6899314B2 (en) 2005-05-31
EP1336784A3 (de) 2003-09-03
DE50303893D1 (de) 2006-08-03
EP1336784B1 (de) 2006-06-21

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