CN1434225A - Sintered slide bearing for construction equipment - Google Patents
Sintered slide bearing for construction equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN1434225A CN1434225A CN03100682A CN03100682A CN1434225A CN 1434225 A CN1434225 A CN 1434225A CN 03100682 A CN03100682 A CN 03100682A CN 03100682 A CN03100682 A CN 03100682A CN 1434225 A CN1434225 A CN 1434225A
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- sintering
- bearing
- main body
- hole
- based alloy
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/065—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning
- E04G17/0655—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning the element consisting of several parts
- E04G17/0657—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning the element consisting of several parts fully recoverable
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/07—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are fastened or tensioned by means of wedge-shaped members
- E04G17/0707—One-piece elements
- E04G17/0714—One-piece elements fully recoverable
Abstract
The invention discloses a sintered slide bearing, which has a slide body including a boring hole for supporting a shaft and a densification part having a supporting surface. The shaft body comprises a sintered multihole ferroalloy with a quenching hardened structure, which forms the densification part on the boring hole of the shaft body having the thickness of not more than 20 mum, and is produced by rubbing the boring hole to approach at least an apertuer gap having the width of not less than 50 mum in the sintered multihole ferroalloy of the shaft body, in this way, an open porosity, defined as a ration by a total opening area of the opening apertuer gap in the supporting surface and a supporting surface area, is 10% or less.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sliding bearing of sintering, its needing to go for sliding bearing have the antagonism put in the field of the high surface pressure on its slidingsurface, the example of this sliding bearing is as being used for the bearing part of Architectural Equipment.
Background technique
Hydraulic shovel is a kind of Architectural Equipment, and its scraper bowl that is installed in the rocking arm terminal part carries out digging operation at hydro cylinder effect lower swing.Joint between scraper bowl and rocking arm has comprised a plain bearing element that has axle and bearing, and is applied with big surface pressure on bearing part.Therefore, bearing part adopts the bearing with high wear resistance, and scribbles full-bodied lubricant oil, grease etc. in use on the slidingsurface of bearing.
The bearing of foregoing description usually adopts is the bearing that made by the cutting process casting alloy or at the bearing of grey spots being imbedded in the slidingsurface.But in recent years, a kind of usefulness has the oil impregnated sintered bearing that the iron carbon alloy of the lubricant impregnation sintering of high kinematic viscosity makes and has replaced these bearings.
This oil impregnated sintered bearing can bear high capacity, and quilt is preferred as the sliding bearing in the bearing part of main equipment such as Architectural Equipment.But its ability to bear can change, and uses the life-span of the equipment of this kind bearing also can change.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of sliding bearing of sintering, wherein when Bearing Installation on equipment and when using, the ability to bear of bearing does not change, thereby the life-span of equipment is prolonged.
In order to achieve the above object, contain according to the sliding bearing of sintering of the present invention: a bearing main body, it has the bore hole that is used for supporting axle, and by the porous iron-based alloy composition of the sintering with quench hardening structure; Densification part with bearing surface, it has 20 microns or littler thickness on the bore hole of bearing main body, it is to obtain by grinding the hole with 50 microns or bigger width of bore hole to the sintered porous ferrous alloy that is contained in bearing main body near at least one, like this, the percent opening that is defined in the long-pending ratio of total perforated area of hole of perforate on the bearing surface and bearing surface is 10% or littler.
Iron-base sintered alloy can be a kind of alloy that is dispersed with copper in having the iron carbon alloy base of martensitic structure.Copper mass content wherein can be 15%～25%, and open porosity can be 5～28%.
A kind of method of producing the sliding bearing of sintering according to an aspect of the present invention, it comprises: preparation has the porous iron-based alloy of the sintering of quench hardening structure; The porous iron-based alloy of processing this sintering has the bearing main body of the bore hole of supporting axle with formation; The bore hole that grinds bearing main body to be to be formed on the densification part of the bearing surface on the bore hole, makes the perforate degree of the ratio that total perforated area and the bearing surface of the hole that is defined in perforate on the bearing surface amass be reduced to the volume porosity percentage less than sintered porous ferrous alloy.
The sliding bearing of a kind of sintering according to a further aspect in the invention, it comprises a bearing main body, it has the bore hole that is used for supporting axle, and by the porous iron-based alloy composition of the sintering with quench hardening structure; The densification part with bearing surface on bore hole that is formed at bearing main body, it is to be decreased to volumetric porosity percentage less than sintered porous ferrous alloy by the percent opening that grinds the ratio that the gross area that bore hole makes the perforate hole on bearing surface and bearing surface amass.
To be described in detail the characteristics of the sliding bearing of sintering of the present invention and advantage and production process by specific embodiment below.
Embodiment
The sliding bearing of sintering of the present invention is to use the multi-porous alloy material of the sintering of making according to the powder metallurgy process sintering, but and impregnated with lubricant and making, be characterized in, the internal diameter that is used for supporting axle that forms on the bearing main body of being made by the porous alloy of sintering is carried out mechanical surface treatment, with the ratio of the perforated area that reduces the hole on the inside diameter surface.Institute more specifically, bearing main body by the porous alloy manufacturing of sintering is by it being processed to form internal diameter, then this internal diameter is applied shearing force and compressive force, thus make on inside diameter surface have ductility or easily the porous alloy of the sintering of the property handled be compressed or be out of shape.As a result, on inside diameter surface, narrow down with the inner pore of bearing main body external communications or be closed, and the ratio of the perforated area of inside diameter surface and the gross area reduces.That is, the inside diameter surface of bearing main body part becomes closely knit by densification or as coated.The porosity that the part of this similar coatings has is lower than the porosity of the sintered porous alloy of forming bearing main body, and bearing main body is by densification.But, its border can not be clearly by microscopic examination to.This densification process is preferably undertaken by the abrasion wheel grinding internal diameter.The protuberance of alloy surface is subjected to the shearing force of lapping machine generation and is out of shape, and crushed element is compressed by compressive force (pressure, surface pressure) or extends.Then, hole narrows down or is closed, and has formed the layer of similar coatings like this, and its compactness extent has reached the porosity that the porosity that makes this compacted zone is lower than bearing main body.To its surface, promptly inside diameter surface further polishes.
According to as mentioned above, if axle is mounted to when going forward side by side line operate in the sliding bearing of sintering of impregnated with lubricant, in the stage supply of starting working to the amount of the oiling agent of bearing main body inside diameter surface (being bearing surface) owing to the perforated area of inside diameter surface is little and little.Then, because the surface pressure of the high radial load that axle applies makes the stratiform densification part that is coated with on the inside diameter surface be worn at sliding parts, and caused the rising of temperature by frictional heat.Because the expansibility of oiling agent, the temperature of rising helps the supply of oiling agent to inside diameter surface.Along with the wearing and tearing that are coated with the stratiform tight section, the pore area of inside diameter surface increases gradually.At this moment thereby the increment of oiling agent increases and reduces friction, and the wearing and tearing of sliding parts also are reduced.On the other hand, other part wearing and tearing beyond sliding parts are less and pore area maintenance inside diameter surface is less, so just stoped oiling agent hole from here to overflow.As a result, when supply when the oiling agent of sliding parts reaches suitable amount, just can not produce wearing and tearing, and the lubricity of slidingsurface can be regulated according to bearing load.Therefore, bearing always uses in the optimum state, thereby prolonged its working life, and variation reduces.
Below will describe manufacture method and characteristics thereof in detail according to the sliding bearing of sintering of the present invention.
The mechanical surface treatment and the impregnated with lubricant that will be presented in the preparation of the sintered porous alloy material in the sliding bearing process of making sintering below, form bearing main body, the internal diameter of bearing main body is carried out by cutting process.
The multi-porous alloy material of sintering is to obtain by the living pressed compact and heat-treating with the quench hardening sintering body that sintering has a metallic dust of predetermined composition.If desired, can carry out tempering to the quench hardening sintering body.Usually, the most of holes on the porous alloy of the sintering that is obtained by the sintering pressed compact are perforate (hole that communicates with the sintering body surface), and closed pore (hole that does not communicate with the sintering body surface) seldom.
Cutting process to sintering body can be carried out before quench hardening.
Lubricant impregnation can carry out after the mechanical surface treatment of internal diameter, still, if the mechanical surface treatment that internal diameter is carried out cutting process is to carry out after the porous alloy of impregnated with lubricant sintering, the effect that then can improve cutting and grind.In addition, owing to do not need to use lapping liquid etc., therefore can prevent that the hole of bearing main body is contaminated.In addition, the open porosity that makes the actual oil content of bearing almost completely equal the multi-porous alloy material of sintering is possible.
(1) porous alloy of the sintering of composition bearing
The porous steel of sintering and quench hardening, the porous alloy that particularly has an iron-based sintering of martensitic structure is used as the material according to the sliding bearing of sintering of the present invention.When adopting iron carbon alloy as the sliding bearing of iron-based sintering, if use this hard alloy to be dispersed with soft as base material and in base material and when the copper of affinity being arranged, can make the material of gained become the alloy material that a small amount of alloy composition element is had excellent durability with axle.Therefore, the porous iron-carbon of this sintering-Cuprum alloy preferably is used as the material of the sliding bearing of sintering.The mass content of the copper in this alloy is preferably about 15～25%.If copper content is little, the characteristic of then hard ferro-alloy shows by force, and therefore, axle is easy to produce grinding loss on running on the internal diameter slidingsurface of bearing the time.If copper content excessively increases, then under high surface pressure, near the perforate on the slidingsurface time, soft copper is easy to deform.As a result, the supply of oiling agent reduces, and wearing and tearing take place easily.A part soft also is dispersed in copper in the base material and iron one coexists and forms alloy in the sintering, and this copper-ferro-alloy still has the effect similar with soft copper.Therefore, should consider this alloy also be included in copper mutually in.Preferred Kohlenstoffgehalt is about 0.6～1.0 quality %.In this scope, obtain martensitic structure by quenching, and an amount of carbon is dissolved in the iron, like this, the ferro-alloy base hardening of material.In addition, also can expect to obtain solid lubricant effect from free carbon.
(2) open porosity of the porous alloy of sintering and density
The bearing main body of the sliding bearing of sintering has high oil-impregnated ability and is necessary, bearing main body can provide the enough oiling agent slidingsurface to internal diameter like this.Therefore, preferably making the open porosity (percentage of expression perforate void volume and total pore size volume) of the how empty alloy of sintering is 15% or bigger.If open porosity is low, even then after the densification that is coated with stratiform of internal diameter partly is consumed, the oiling agent that supplies to sliding parts still can not reach enough increases.Therefore, lack the lifetime that oiling agent causes bearing easily.
On the other hand, in order to provide bearing main body satisfied intensity and mould capacity, be necessary to use to have the porous alloy that density is equal to or greater than the sintering of certain point value and prepare bearing main body.When using the porous alloy of iron-based sintering, the density value of this point is 5.8g/cm usually
3Or it is higher.But the density height of porous alloy means that then its porosity is low.Owing to the most of holes on the porous alloy of the sintering that obtains by sintering are perforate (hole that communicates with the sintering body surface), and closed pore (hole that does not communicate with the sintering body surface) is considerably less, and therefore having high density almost just means to have low open porosity.Like this, for sintering body intensity and wear resistance are provided, just the oil-impregnated ability that improves it is limited to some extent.For example, if copper content is 25 quality % (CLV ceiling limit value of above-mentioned scope), be 5.8g/cm in density then by the porosity that solid density (8.08) calculates
3Shi Weiyue 28.2%.Therefore, consider this point, the preferred open porosity of the porous alloy of the sintering of composition bearing main body is about 15～28 volume %.
(3) state of the mechanical surface treatment of bearing bore diameter and inside diameter surface
The inside diameter surface of the sliding bearing of sintering (supporting surface) forms by mechanical surface treatment, and mechanical surface treatment can apply shearing force and compressive force to the internal diameter of bearing main body.More specifically, inside diameter surface can be a lapped face of crossing with abrasion wheel grinding.The alloy that is pulverized by grinding operation or be out of shape partly is compressed and forms on inside diameter surface and be coated with the stratiform part, and reduces to the perforated area of surface (being inside diameter surface) perforate hole.The reducing degree and can wait by roughness, the grind of buffing wheel and regulate of hole perforated area.If use the little buffing wheel of roughness, and grind is big, the alloy part that then is deformed just increases, and perforate narrows down or seals.Preferably when grinding operation, make the perforate gross area of each hole on the inside diameter surface become the entire inner diameter surface area 10% or still less, more preferably 1～3%.For the perforated area of adjustment apertures, the diameter of the grind in the preferred grinding operation is about 0.3mm, and the peripheral velocity of emery wheel is made as 2,500m/min, and the rotational speed of grinding work controls to about 400rpm.Usually, the lip-deep perforated area of porous alloy that does not grind its surperficial sintering and the ratio of surface area can think and equate with its value of volume open porosity, and by behind the above-mentioned grinding operation, the ratio of perforated area is reduced to about 2/3 or littler.Even the hole on the inside diameter surface is closed fully, those holes also may keep communicating with other surfaces of sintered alloy by other hole, and this is because most of holes of the porous alloy of solid-phase sintering are the cause of perforate.
Above-mentioned surface densification also can realize by cutting operation, at this moment, exerted pressure in the surface and carries out cutting work with cutter head.If sintering body carries out densification before heat-treating, then may make densification reach higher degree.But, consider the dimensional changes in the heat treatment, be conceived to dimensional accuracy, still preferably after heat treatment, carry out densification.
By the mechanical surface treatment of internal diameter is preferably about 20 microns or littler with the thickness that is coated with stratiform densification part near the hole perforate, more preferably the 8-12 micron most preferably is 10 microns or bigger.This can estimate by the area of overlap on the cross section of bearing being carried out the cross-sectional structure that microexamination obtains.Check in cross-sectional structure that then whether having a width that separates with inside diameter surface in 20 microns of distance inside diameter surfaces or littler distance is 50 microns or macropore more.If the thickness of densification part is too big, it is just elongated to the required time of desired value then to regulate the perforated area of sliding parts by running-in wear, and temperature also raises very high.If the densification that forms part is too thick, then need redundance be removed before use by grinding operation usually.At this moment, preferably grinding (slip) speed with emery wheel increases, and grind is reduced.
In order not produce unnecessary friction in use, the average surface profile of the inside diameter surface after the mechanical surface treatment (except hole) is preferably 0.5～1 micron.This can be by regulating lapping machine the roughness of buffing wheel realize.
Above-mentioned inside diameter surface densification can not passed through to grind and be realized by additive method, for example, and the surface densification technology in powder metallurgy.But according to this method, production stage is very many, when bearing is mounted in the body, must position.In addition, also can soften or melt internal diameter, and metallic dust or metal foil are contacted or are thermally bonded on the internal diameter with internal diameter, or coating waits and forms coating by the deposite metal by local heating.But, the progress degree of this process and the maintenance of strength of coating all are difficult to control.Compare with these methods, be easy to control and advantage simple to operate owing to grinding operation has operating process, thus practical more.Because bearing main body is identical with the material of densification part, can guarantee the intensity of densification part.
Reach densification by grinding and not only can be applicable to internal diameter, and can be applicable to the whole outer surface of bearing main body.In addition, also can form the densification part with metal foil or coating on the outer surface.In this case, be necessary before forming coating, to carry out the dipping of oiling agent.
(4) lubricant impregnation
The preferred oiling agent that uses is generally the high-quality oiling agent of the sliding bearing that is used for high surface pressure.More specifically, kinematic viscosity is about 2.2～10m in the time of 40 ℃
2(220～1000cSt) lubricant oil is suitable selection to/s.At room temperature being solid or semisolid dropping point and being 60 ℃ or higher wax also is suitable selection.This wax can make by oil and paraffin wax or microcrystalline wax are mixed, preferably can also be to wherein adding graphite or molybdenum sulfide particle.If the temperature of bearing is immersed in the lubricant oil in the bearing owing to expand by perforate supply inside diameter surface owing to the slip between bearing and the axle raises.The temperature that lasts till bearing for the supply that makes oiling agent rises, and preferably when just bringing into use bearing grease is joined in the bearing part (bearing and axle).
(5) optimization of bearing
If after the lubricity that the immersion lubrication agent is obtained was optimized, the sliding bearing with sintering was installed on the machine again, then bearing can just be in the optimum state when working at the beginning.More specifically, check in advance and will put on the load that is installed on the machine upper bearing (metal), then, the load that was examined is added to is used to carry out optimization and goes up with the supporting axle of sliding bearing and start this axle, the initial wearing and tearing of generation come lubricity is carried out optimization on slidingsurface thus.Estimate the optimization of lubricity and can carry out (seeing following Example) by the temperature variation of bearing that measurement is loaded with the axle of running.It is preferred avoiding inordinate wear.
In the sintering sliding bearing of optimizing, have only the part inside diameter surface, promptly Zhou sliding parts is worn, and the perforated area of this part is bigger than the perforated area of other parts of inside diameter surface.
Can be as required, the sintering sliding bearing of optimizing is carried out once more dipping with the supply oiling agent.
(6) use of bearing
The sliding bearing of aforesaid sintering can stand 58.8MPa or higher surface pressure and Sliding velocity is the load of 2～5cm/s, and it has showed excellent performance under user mode after loading such load.Therefore, this bearing is applicable to the Architectural Equipment field, is suitable for use as the connection bearing of hydraulic shovel or the support connection bearing of hoist most.
Embodiment
The present invention will quote an embodiment and some Comparative Examples describe.
A) the sliding bearing preparation of material
With the atomized iron powder (trade name: Atomel 300M, Kobe Steel Ltd. production) of 81.2kg, the electrolytic copper powder of 18kg (trade name: CE15, Fukuda Metal Foil﹠amp; Power Co.Ltd. produces), the plumbago of 0.8kg (trade name: CPB, Nippon Graphite IndustoriesLtd. produces) and 0.5kg mix mutually as the stearic acid zinc powder of molding oiling agent.Then mixture is carried out compression molding, form the pressed compact of cylindrical shape.The pressed compact of gained is sintered in reducing gas under 1,120 ℃.The content of the bonded carbon in the iron-base sintered alloy base of sintering body is 0.6 quality %.The density of sintering body is 6.2g/cm
3, open porosity is 21%.This sintering body is heated to 850 ℃, carries out oil quenching then and fight, obtain being used for the material of bearing 180 ℃ of following tempering.This bearing material has the structure that martensitic phase and copper mix mutually.
B) cutting of internal diameter and grinding
On lathe, with sintered carbide tool above-mentioned bearing with material on cutting form internal diameter, outer surface and the end face of bearing, obtaining external diameter is 65mm, internal diameter is (50+ grind) mm, axial length is the bearing of slightly making of 50mm.Then, use lapping machine that emery wheel is placed in the internal diameter contact with it and slide mutually with internal diameter under pressure, coarse bearing and emery wheel are rotated mutually grind internal diameter, the internal diameter that obtains like this in embodiment and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is the bearing sample of 50mm.Here, the ratio that note that perforated area and internal diameter area is adjusted to 3 area % (embodiment), 1 area % (Comparative Examples 1) and 15 area % (Comparative Examples 2) by the roughness that changes grind and buffing wheel.For each of embodiment, Comparative Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 2, identical bearing sample is produced out with the cross section of observing it respectively and tests.
C) lubricant impregnation
(kinematic viscosity is about 4.6m 40 ℃ the time all to use lubricant oil for each of embodiment, Comparative Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 2
2/ s (460cSt)) under vacuum, floods the bearing sample to be used for test.The oil content of the bearing sample behind each dipping is 21%.
D) bearing test
In each of embodiment, Comparative Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 2, all oil impregnated bearing sample is installed on the body, and on the outer surface of bearing sample, a thermocouple is installed.On the other hand, prepare one and be used to the axle that quenches and polish, grease is coated onto this goes up and this is installed in the internal diameter of bearing sample.The radial direction of a load along bearing is loaded on the axle, and the pressure on the slidingsurface between the internal diameter of feasible axle and bearing sample becomes 58.8MPa (6kg/mm
2), make back and forth rotation 30 hours of axle, with thermocouple measurement should operation period temperature change.Here, the Sliding velocity of slidingsurface is to be set to 1.2m/min in the 100 reciprocal rotary courses of spending in center range, and is set to 0.5 second in each stop time of back and forth rotating destination county.
E) bearing test result
The temperature variation of the bearing sample in the bearing test is shown in table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, in the bearing sample in an embodiment, although temperature rose (about 1 hour) in the operation incipient stage, temperature decline after this, and begin the temperature levels that remained on during the EOT much at one in back 10 hours to 30 hours in operation.
On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1, the perforated area of the inside diameter surface of bearing is little and the densification part is thick, and temperature sharply rose in the incipient stage, and reaches a temperature levels higher than embodiment, becomes constant needs 20 hours to temperature.And this stationary temperature is than the height among the embodiment.In Comparative Examples 2, the perforated area of the inside diameter surface of bearing is big, although temperature the incipient stage rise than among the embodiment slowly, it also keeps rising subsequently always.Although and temperature reached constant after 5 hours, this stationary temperature is than the height among the embodiment.
Consider by experience,, just mean to produce the wearing and tearing (seizure abrasion) that block if bearing temperature surpasses 150 ℃.Therefore, can think in embodiment and Comparative Examples 1,2 all less than producing the wearing and tearing that block.
2 24 ℃ 60 ℃ 75 ℃ 81 ℃ 81 ℃ 81 ℃ 81 ℃ of 1 24 ℃ of 105 ℃ of 97 ℃ of 95 ℃ of 90 ℃ of 84 ℃ of 84 ℃ of Comparative Examples of 24 ℃ of 91 ℃ of 80 ℃ of 74 ℃ of 70 ℃ of 70 ℃ of 70 ℃ of Comparative Examples of 0 hour 1 hour 3 hours 5 hours 10 hours 20 hours 30 hours table 1 operating time embodiment
F) estimate
Initial state by the bearing bore diameter surface begins, and is as follows to the evaluation of above-mentioned bearing test result: (embodiment)
Because the perforated area of inside diameter surface is little, lubricant oil to the radial load that applies for tonifying for the deficiency, therefore caused the rising of temperature in the initial friction of sliding parts.But, along with the perforated area of the inside diameter surface of sliding parts is increased by initial wearing and tearing, thus the increasing the heat that makes friction and produce and reduce of lubricant oil for mending.As a result, bearing temperature down will.Then, the confession benefit amount of lubricant oil reaches and makes the last thrust and the radial load of lubricant oil reach balance, obtains desirable lubricating status with regard to the friction that suppressed inside diameter surface and by the perforated area of optimizing sliding parts.In this case, the alloy material that contains the iron-C-base alloy base with relatively harder quenching structure and relative softer copper phase has wear resistance, and this wear resistance is particularly suitable for stablizing rub rejection and sliding capability by the perforated area of optimizing inside diameter surface.(Comparative Examples 1)
Because the perforated area of inside diameter surface is little, has been caused the rising of temperature by initial friction.But because the densification part is thick, it is long that the perforated area of the inside diameter surface of sliding parts reaches time of desired value, and the state duration of the confession tonifying for the deficiency of lubricant oil is long.Because the temperature height of initial state, just than embodiment easier by thermal expansion realize lubricant oil for mending, the sliding parts perforated area when mending optimization that therefore reaches lubricant oil little than among the embodiment is higher than the temperature in this example
Temperature among the embodiment.
In this bearing sample,, should obtain the test result similar to embodiment if the radial load that puts on the axle is little.In addition, after several hours, if operation is stopped once, the bearing sample is cooled in the work of bearing sample, and then the bearing sample should be in the state similar to embodiment's bearing sample.Therefore, thus the temperature variation that produces of back operation become to embodiment in similar.That is to say, inside diameter surface by the sliding bearing of the sintering of densification in, if its sliding parts has been carried out friction treatment in that bearing is applied in advance at initial stage under the load, then the stability of bearing when reality is used just can improve.(Comparative Examples 2)
Because it is the perforated area of inside diameter surface is big, big at the increment of the lubricant oil of initial stage.In addition, because the initial friction of sliding parts is little, temperature rises slow relatively.But because big at the perforated area on entire inner diameter surface, lubricant oil is easy to overflow from the perforate of inside diameter surface rather than from sliding parts.Therefore, the lubricant oil on sliding parts reduces, and makes lubricant oil for mending shortage.Therefore, because friction causes temperature to rise.In order to replenish lubricant oil and balance radial load and the lubricant oil that overflows, be necessary to sliding parts for mending a large amount of lubricant oil.Yet even the friction of sliding parts continues, but perforated area can not change basically, and along with the rising of temperature, the lubricant oil consumption increases.Therefore, the friction of sliding parts continues to reach balance up to radial load and lubricant oil.
As mentioned above, when the inside diameter surface of the bearing that makes when the porous alloy by sintering is ground into and has fabulous circular smooth surface, if grinding condition is adjusted, the inside diameter surface perforate is narrowed down or seal by the alloy surface part of grinding distortion, and the perforated area of inside diameter surface is little and may be by initial wearing and tearing balance oiling agent hydraulic pressure and put on radial load on the bearing.Therefore, might provide a kind of sliding bearing of sintering, it can be optimized by service condition.This bearing has excellent endurance, and the variation in useful life period is little.The ratio of the perforated area of its inside diameter surface and inside meter area can be adjusted easily by the control grinding condition, and, according to the component of the porous alloy of sintering and sliding bearing preferred intensity and the oil content that density is given sintering.Therefore, can easily produce and have the excellent bearing performance and the bearing of composite behaviour.The sliding bearing of sintering of the present invention can be applied to the situation of high surface pressure, and can stably keep the long time with hanging down Frotteurism.Therefore, can prolong the maintenance period of bearing, thereby reduce maintenance cost.
Above embodiment can not be used to limit the present invention, and any variation in scope defined by the claims according to the present invention all must belong to the bright protection domain of this law.
Claims (21)
1. the sliding bearing of a sintering comprises:
Bearing main body with the bore hole that is used for supporting axle, it is by the porous iron-based alloy composition of the sintering with quench hardening structure; And
Densification part with bearing surface, it has 20 microns or littler thickness on the bore hole of bearing main body, it is to obtain by grinding the hole with 50 microns or bigger width of bore hole to the sintered porous ferrous alloy that is contained in bearing main body near at least one, and the percent opening that is defined in the ratio that total perforated area and the bearing surface of the hole of perforate on the bearing surface amass is 10% or littler.
2. want the sliding bearing of 1 described sintering according to right, wherein, the open porosity of the porous iron-based alloy of sintering is 15～28 volume %, and the porous iron-based alloy quench hardening structure of sintering contains martensitic structure, and the copper phase that contains 15～25 quality % in the porous iron-based alloy of sintering.
3. want the sliding bearing of 1 described sintering according to right, wherein, densification partly has thereon the slidingsurface of axle in the load lower slider, and the percent opening of the ratio that amasss of the perforated area that is defined as hole total on the slidingsurface of slidingsurface and slidingsurface is greater than the percent opening of supporting surface.
4. want the sliding bearing of 1 described sintering according to right, wherein, the porous iron-based alloy of sintering contains the carbon of 0.6～10 quality %.
5. want the sliding bearing of 1 described sintering according to right, wherein, further comprise the oiling agent that is impregnated in the bearing main body, this oiling agent contains that kinematic viscosity is the lubricant oil of 2.20-10.00St in the time of 40 ℃.
6. want the sliding bearing of 1 described sintering according to right, wherein, the average surface profile of the bearing surface except that hole is the 0.5-1 micron.
7. want the sliding bearing of 1 described sintering according to right, it is characterized in that: it is used for Architectural Equipment.
8. the manufacture method of the sliding bearing of a sintering comprises:
Preparation has the porous iron-based alloy of the sintering of quench hardening structure;
The porous iron-based alloy of processing this sintering has the bearing main body of the bore hole of supporting axle with formation; And
The bore hole that grinds bearing main body to be to be formed on the densification part of the bearing surface on the bore hole, makes the perforate degree of the ratio that total perforated area and the bearing surface of the hole that is defined in perforate on the bearing surface amass be reduced to the volume porosity percentage less than sintered porous ferrous alloy.
9. want 8 described manufacture methodes according to right, further comprise:
With lubricant impregnation in bearing main body.
10. want 9 described manufacture methodes according to right, wherein, oiling agent is impregnated in the bearing main body before grinding the hole of bearing main body, and this oiling agent is to contain that kinematic viscosity is the oiling agent of the lubricant oil of about 220～1000cSt in the time of 40 ℃.
11. want 8 described manufacture methodes according to right, wherein, grind hole and comprise: the control grind is to adjust the perforate ratio of bearing surface.
12. want 9 described manufacture methodes according to right, further comprise:
Preparatory function bearing main body and axle to be to form slidingsurface on the hole of bearing main body, like this, the percent opening that is defined by the ratio of the total open area that is opened on the hole on the slidingsurface and slide area is greater than the percent opening of bearing surface.
13. want 12 described manufacture methodes according to right, wherein, preparatory function comprises: axle is coupled in the bearing main body; Live axle is moving under bearing load on the bearing surface, reduces the densification part with friction; Measure the lubricity that the thermal change on the bearing main body provides with the oiling agent of surveying by the hole supply slidingsurface of bearing main body by being opened on slidingsurface.
14. want 8 described manufacture methodes according to right, wherein, the how empty ferrous alloy of preparation sintering comprises:
The living pressed compact that sintering and the porous iron-based alloy of sintering have almost completely identical component; And
The pressed compact of quench hardening sintering.
15. the sliding bearing of a sintering comprises:
Bearing main body with the bore hole that is used for supporting axle, it is by the porous iron-based alloy composition of the sintering with quench hardening structure; And
A densification part, it has perforate percentaeg by total perforated area that grinds the supporting surface on the hole that hole is formed at bearing main body, make like this hole that is defined in perforate on the bearing surface and the ratio that bearing surface amasss and is reduced to volume open porosity percentaeg less than the porous iron-based alloy of sintering.
16. according to the sliding bearing of the sintering of claim 15, wherein, the volume open porosity of porous iron-based alloy is 15 volume % or bigger, and the percent opening of bearing surface is 10% or still less.
17. according to the sliding bearing of the sintering of claim 15, wherein, the thickness of densification part is 20 microns or still less, and to have width near at least one be 50 microns or bigger hole, described hole is contained in the porous iron-based alloy of sintering of bearing main body.
18. according to the sliding bearing of the sintering of claim 15, wherein, the perforate ratio of bearing surface be equal to or less than sintering porous iron-based alloy the open porosity percent by volume 2/3rds.
19. according to the sliding bearing of the sintering of claim 15, wherein, the quench hardening structure comprises martensitic structure, and the porous iron-based alloy of sintering contains the copper phase that is scattered in wherein.
20. according to the sliding bearing of the sintering of claim 19, wherein, the mass content of the copper particle in the porous iron-based alloy of sintering is 15-25%.
21. according to the sliding bearing of the sintering of claim 19, wherein, the density of the porous iron-based alloy of sintering is 5.8g/cm
3Or it is bigger.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002012556A JP3978042B2 (en) | 2002-01-22 | 2002-01-22 | Sintered plain bearing for construction machinery |
| JP2002012556 | 2002-01-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1434225A true CN1434225A (en) | 2003-08-06 |
| CN1245582C CN1245582C (en) | 2006-03-15 |
Family
ID=27649739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031006825A Expired - Lifetime CN1245582C (en) | 2002-01-22 | 2003-01-21 | Sintered slide bearing for construction equipment |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3978042B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100518248B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1245582C (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104145127A (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2014-11-12 | Ntn株式会社 | Sintered bearing |
| CN104884827A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2015-09-02 | 日立化成株式会社 | Sliding bearing assembly |
| CN113357265A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-07 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Sintered bearing bush material, sliding bearing, internal combustion engine, and motor |
| CN113357267A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-07 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Sliding bearing, method for producing sliding bearing, internal combustion engine having sliding bearing, and electric machine having sliding bearing |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109154043B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2019-11-19 | 日立化成株式会社 | Iron series sintered metal bearing |
-
2002
- 2002-01-22 JP JP2002012556A patent/JP3978042B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-01-21 CN CNB031006825A patent/CN1245582C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-21 KR KR10-2003-0003940A patent/KR100518248B1/en active IP Right Grant
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104145127A (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2014-11-12 | Ntn株式会社 | Sintered bearing |
| US9441670B2 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2016-09-13 | Ntn Corporation | Sintered bearing |
| US9939015B2 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2018-04-10 | Ntn Corporation | Sintered bearing |
| CN104884827A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2015-09-02 | 日立化成株式会社 | Sliding bearing assembly |
| CN104884827B (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2017-08-08 | 日立化成株式会社 | Slide bearing assembly |
| CN113357265A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-07 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Sintered bearing bush material, sliding bearing, internal combustion engine, and motor |
| CN113357267A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-07 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Sliding bearing, method for producing sliding bearing, internal combustion engine having sliding bearing, and electric machine having sliding bearing |
| US11796000B2 (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2023-10-24 | Mahle International Gmbh | Sintered bearing bush material, sliding bearing, internal combustion engine and electric motor |
| CN113357265B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2023-10-24 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Sintered bearing housing material, sliding bearing, internal combustion engine and motor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100518248B1 (en) | 2005-10-04 |
| JP3978042B2 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
| CN1245582C (en) | 2006-03-15 |
| KR20030063224A (en) | 2003-07-28 |
| JP2003214430A (en) | 2003-07-30 |
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