CN1427118A - 具有半岛形部分的纸张及其造纸器材 - Google Patents

具有半岛形部分的纸张及其造纸器材 Download PDF

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CN1427118A
CN1427118A CN02128541A CN02128541A CN1427118A CN 1427118 A CN1427118 A CN 1427118A CN 02128541 A CN02128541 A CN 02128541A CN 02128541 A CN02128541 A CN 02128541A CN 1427118 A CN1427118 A CN 1427118A
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保罗·D·特罗克汉
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Abstract

一种造纸带和在其上制成的纸张。造纸带可以是一种穿透式空气干燥带，具有穿过它的多个弯沉导管。弯沉导管由半岛形部分分成为一些次孔道。同样，在带上制成的纸张具有基本上连续的网络和多个拱形隆起。每一拱形隆起由纸张中的各半岛形部分分成为多个分拱形隆起。另外，造纸带可以是成形长网。如此，成形长网可以具有多个离散突起，从成形长网的平面向外伸展。每一突起在其上具有至少一个槽。这些槽伸进离散的突起。同样，在此成形长网上制成的纸张具有高定量基本上连续的网络和对应于离散的各突起的离散的低定量区域。每一低定量区域具有至少一个对应于突起中槽的高定量半岛形部分。

Description

具有半岛形部分的纸张 及其造纸器材
本申请是申请人为：普罗克特和甘保尔公司，申请日为：1998年6月18日，申请号为：98806490.1，名称为：具有半岛形部分的纸张及其造纸器材的发明的分案申请。
                        发明领域
本发明涉及薄纸，具体地涉及穿透式空气干燥型薄纸，更为具体地涉及具有较大的离散低密度拱形隆起的穿透式空气干燥型(thouhgt air dried)薄纸。
                        背景技术
纸产品是日常生活的一项常用物品。纸产品用作淋浴用纸、揩面纸、纸巾，餐巾等。这种纸产品是从网前箱中沉积含水载体之中的纤维素纤维浆液而制成的。含水载体被清除之后留下纤维素纤维以形成一初期纸幅并在干燥后形成一页纸张。纤维素纤维以通常方式予以干燥，亦即使用压榨毛毯，或者由穿透式空气干燥法予以干燥。
特别可取的穿透式空气干燥法采用穿透式空气干燥带，具有由光敏树脂制成的基本上连续的网络，并带有贯穿的离散弯沉导管。基本上连续的网络形成压印表面，把相应的基本上连续的网络压到正被制作的纸张里去。穿透式空气干燥带的离散、隔离的弯沉导管在纸张中形成拱形隆起。拱形隆起是纸张中的低密度区域并为纸张提供厚度、蓬松性和柔软度。在一种光敏树脂上的穿透式空气干燥处理具有多个优点，如本发明受让人所销售的两种商业上成功的产品(Bounty纸巾和Chairman Ultra浴用纸)所表明的那样。
已经发现，在根据1987年1月20日授予Trokhan、共同转让的美国专利4637859(其内容在此引入作为参考)所述的带上制成的纸张具有良好的性质，即各拱形隆起的尺寸直接与所制得纸张的延伸性相关。由纸张中较大拱形隆起的比较粗略的图案可以获得合乎要求的和相对较大的延伸性。
不过，从较大拱形隆起的粗略图案中获得相对较大延伸性的这种好处带来一项缺点。具体地说，随着拱形隆起变得较大，并显得粗略，直观的柔软印象消失了。因此，人们必须在两种良好性质之间作出选择，是选择相对较大的延伸性，还是选择相对较软的外观。
因此，本发明的一项目的是使这两种性质脱离关系，而柔软外观和延伸性在先前技术中是相关的。本发明的另一目的是，提供一种经过穿透式空气干燥的纸张，具有较大的离散拱形隆起，也具有柔软的外观。
                        本发明概述
本发明包括造纸带，可以用于穿透式空气干燥一纸幅。造纸带包括一加强结构和一框架。框架具有限定多个离散的弯沉导管的形成图案的连续网络表面。多个第二半岛形部分从网络表面伸进各弯沉导管。
在又一实施例中，本发明可以包括一造纸带，可用作成形长网。造纸带可以具有一加强结构和多个从加强结构向外伸展的离散突起。每一离散突起具有至少一个从加强结构伸进其中的槽。各突起和各槽在所制得的纸幅中分别生成高定量和低定量的类似图案。
                       附图说明
图1是按照本发明制成的一种造纸带的局部顶视平面图；
图2是在图1的造纸带上形成的纸张的局部顶视平面图；
应当理解，图2的纸张对应于图1的造纸带。同样将会理解，同样可以制成对应于图3、4、5、6和7的各造纸带的纸张，这是本技术领域中一般熟练人员所能认识到的。
图3是按照本发明制成的一种造纸带的局部顶视平面图，造纸带具有带锥度的半岛形部分，配置得形成三岔形。
图4是按照本发明的一种造纸带的局部顶视平面图，造纸带具有半岛形部分，分岔成为辐射状地间隔开来的各远端并具有一共同的近端，所示各近端既有与连续的网络接触的，也有远隔于基本上连续的网络的。
图5是按照本发明的一种造纸带的局部顶视平面图，造纸带具有交错的半岛形部分。
图6示出按照本发明的一种造纸带的局部顶视平面图，造纸带具有弯曲的半岛形部分。
图7是按照本发明的一种造纸带的局部顶视平面图，造纸带具有平行的、有孔的各半岛形部分，一种带有岔开(forked)的纵向轴线，而一种带有分段(bifurcated)的纵向轴线。
图8是一种造纸带的局部顶视平面图，此造纸带与图1中所示的那种造纸带相反，在图1中带各弯沉导管的地方具有的是各离散突起。
应当理解，同样可以制作与图3、4、5、6和7中所示那些的造纸带相反的造纸带而不脱离已作权利要求的发明的精神和范畴。
图9是在图8成形长网上制成的纸张的局部顶视平面图。
                     本发明的详细描述
参看图1，本发明的造纸带10用于穿透式空气干燥。造纸带10包括两个主要部件：框架12和加强结构14。框架12最好是经过固化的聚合光敏树脂。框架12和造纸带10具有形成造纸带10的纸张接触侧的第一表面，以及一相对的朝向使用造纸带10的造纸机器的第二表面。
最好是，框架12形成预定的图案，可把同样的图案压印到本发明的纸张20上去。框架12的特别优选的图案是一种基本上连续的网络，如早先引入的美国专利4637859之中所述。将会认识到，如共同转让的1985年4月30日授权给Johoson等人的美国专利4514345以及1994年7月12日授权给Rasch等人的5328565之中所述的其他一些图案也是适用的，这些专利的内容在此引入作为参考。如果选定了最佳的基本上连续的网络图案，各弯沉导管16将伸展在第一表面与第二表面之间。基本上连续的网络围绕并限定了各弯沉导管16。
根据本发明的造纸带是宏观上单平面的。造纸带10的平面限定其X-Y方向。造纸带10的Z-方向垂直于X-Y方向和造纸带10的平面。同样，根据本发明的纸张20可以认为是宏观上单平面的并平放在X-Y平面之内。纸张20的Z方向垂直于X-Y方向和纸张20的平面。
造纸带10的第一表面接触它上面携带的纸张20。造纸带10的第一表面可以将对应框架12的图案压印到纸张20上去。
造纸带10的第二表面是造纸带10的机器接触表面。第二表面可以制成为带有背面网络，其上可以具有多个与各弯沉导管16明显不同通路。这些通路在造纸带10第二表面的背面纹理上形成多个凹凸不平。这些通路为在造纸带10 X-Y平面内空气逸出创造了条件，这种选出空气不必通过造纸带10的各弯沉导管在Z方向上流动。可以按照在此引入作为参考的，1996年9月10日授于Trokhan等人的共同转让的美国专利5554467所述，为造纸带10加上背面纹理。
根据本发明的造纸带10的第二个主要部件是加强结构14。加强结构14与框架12一样，具有第一表面或面对纸张表面，和与面对纸张表面相对的的第二表面或面对机器表面。加强结构14主要设置在造纸带10的相对两表面之间并可具有与造纸带10背面重合的表面。加强结构14为框架12提供支承。加强部件一般是编织成的，这在本技术领域中是为人熟知的。加强结构14与各弯沉导管16对正的部分可防止用于造纸的纤维完全通过弯沉导管并从而减少针孔的出现。如果人们不想使用某种编织织物作为加强结构14，非编织件、筛网、网件或者一种具有多个通孔的板件，都可以为本发明的框架12提供适当的强度和支承。一种适当的加强结构14可以按照共同转让的、1996年3月5日授予Stelljes等人的美国专利5496624制作，其内容在此引入作为参考。
本发明的具有半岛形部分30的造纸带10可以按照披露在前述Johnson的′345和Trokhan的′289两项专利之中的工艺方法予以制作。本发明要求造纸带制作工艺具有一带有对应于所需半岛形部分30的透明区域的掩膜。构成框架14的树脂由通过掩膜各透明区域的光化辐射予以固化，一如在此引入作为参考的前述各项专利之中所述。
参看图2，本发明的纸张20具有两个主要区域。第一区域是经过压印的区域22。此经过压印的区域22最好是基本上连续的网络。纸张20第一区域的连续网络在上述的造纸带10的基本上连续的框架12上制成，将在几何形状方面大体上与其对应，并在造纸过程期间在位置上与其非常贴近。
纸张20的第二区域是多个遍及经过压印的网络区域22中的分散的拱形隆起。各拱形隆起24大体上在几何形状方面对应于上述造纸带10上的各弯沉导管16，并在造纸期间在位置上与其非常贴近。各拱形隆起24在造纸过程期间通过贴合于各弯沉导管16而从纸张20的基本上连续的网络区域22向外突出。在造纸过程期间通过贴合于各弯沉导管16，各拱形隆起24中的纤维在框架12的面对纸张表面与加强结构14的面对纸张表面之间沿Z方向弯沉。
多个拱形隆起24最好是离散的。每一拱形隆起24具有对应于拱形隆起24最大尺寸的长轴和与长轴垂直的短轴。同样，各弯沉导管16具有长轴和短轴。
不拘泥于理论，据信，纸张20的拱形隆起24和基本上连续的网络区域可以具有大体上相等的定量。通过使各拱形隆起24弯沉到各弯沉导管16中去，各拱形隆起24的密度相对于基本上连续的网络区域22的密度被减小了。此外，基本上连续的网络区域22(或可能选定的其他图案)可以随后比如在顶靠Yankee干燥鼓时予以压印。这样的压印相对于各拱形隆起24的密度增大了基本上连续的网络区域22的密度。得出的纸张20随后可予以压花，这在本技术领域中是为人熟知的。
根据本发明的造纸带10和纸张20可以按照以下任一项共同转让的美国专利予以制造，它们是：1985年4月30日授予Johnson等人的4514345，1985年7月9日授予Trokhan的4528239，1985年7月16日授予Trokhan的4529480，1993年9月14日授予Trokhan等人的5245025，1994年1月4日授予Trokhan的5275700，1994年7月12日授予Rasch等人的5328565，1994年8月2日授予Trokhan等人的5334289，1995年11月15日授予Smarkoski等人的5364504，以及1996年6月18日授予Trokhan等人的5527428，这些申请的内容在此引入作为参考。
在又一实施例中，加强结构14可以是一毛毯，也像用在通常的造纸作业之中而不进行穿透式空气干燥的那种压榨毛毯。框架12可以用于毛毯加强结构14，这一点受到以下文件的启示，即共同转让的1996年9月17日授予Trokhan等人的美国专利5556509，以及1996年1月11日以Trokhan等人名义提交的PCT申请WO96/00812，此专利和申请的内容在此引入作为参考。
较为详细地并继续参照图1考查本发明的造纸带10，根据本发明的造纸带10还包括多个半岛形部分30。这多个半岛形部分30的数量可以与造纸带10上的弯沉导管16的数量是一样的，但最好是较多一些，或者同样一部分造纸带10具有连带各半岛形部分30的各弯沉导管16。
半岛形部分30具有与框架12的基本上连续的网络并列并最好是接触于的近端。半岛形部分30沿着纵向轴线LA从近端向外延伸到远离近端的远端，此远端最好是在各弯沉导管16的内部。
根据本发明的纸张20的各半岛形部分30，以及根据本发明的造纸带10的各半岛形部分30满足了以下两项准则，以便被认为是半岛形部分30并可区别于纸张20的网络区域或造纸带10的基本连续框架12的外形方面的通常、预定和随机变型，而特别是在邻近各拱形隆起24或各弯沉导管16的网络区域部分的变型：
1)半岛形部分30具有一远端，是独立式的，并且根据情况位于纸张20的拱形隆起24或造纸带10的弯沉导管16或者造纸带10的离散突起的内部；以及
2)或者以下两种情况之一：
a)半岛形部分30的纵向轴线LA的长度至少为拱形隆起24短轴(如在纸张20中)或者弯沉导管16或离散突起32(如在造纸带10中)短轴的25％；或是
b)半岛形部分30的纵向轴线LA的长度至少为拱形隆起24短轴(如在纸张20中)或者弯沉导管16或离散突起32(如在造纸带10中)短轴的10％这，而半岛形部分30的纵横尺寸比至少为1，此比定义如下。
半岛形部分30的纵横尺寸比是纵向轴线LA长度对于半岛形部分30宽度的比值。如上所述，半岛形部分30的纵向轴线LA是从该半岛形部分30的近端伸向远端的直线并在横向上大体对中在该半岛形部分30的宽度W之内。宽度W是垂直于纵向轴线LA而测定的。
为了确定纵横尺寸比，宽度W要在半岛形部分30的近端和中点两处测定。半岛形部分30的中点处在纵向轴线LA上，在半岛形部分近远两端的一半处。前述的纵横尺寸比准则可由或是在半岛形部分30的近端处或是在中点处测得的宽度予以满足。
再次参看图2，根据本发明的纸张20同样具有多个第一拱形隆起24和多个第二半岛形部分30，第二半岛形部分的数量最好是多于第一拱形隆起部分。每一半岛形部分30从基本上连续的网络伸进各拱形隆起24之一。最好是，如果只有一个半岛形部分30，它就伸过拱形隆起24至少一半，以致地把拱形隆起24划分成为各较小的分拱形隆起24S。
更为可取的是，多个半岛形部分30伸进每一拱形隆起24。具有多个半岛形部分30的各拱形隆起24可以分成为分拱形隆起24S，例如包括由三个半岛形部分30构成三岔的分拱形隆起24S、由四个半岛形部分30构成四分的分拱形隆起24S，以及由N个半岛形部分30分成N个分拱形隆起24S。可以采用任何所需数量的半岛形部分30，只受本发明造纸带10之中图案的尺寸和清晰度的限制。
如果在根据本发明的纸张20中每一拱形隆起24希望有多个半岛形部分30，各半岛形部分30最好是沿周向彼此等距间隔开来的。相邻各半岛形部分30之间的周向间距是由沿着拱形隆起24边缘各相邻半岛形部分30之间的圆弧确定的，而此边缘对应于基本上连续的网络的边缘。比如，如果采用三个半岛形部分30，它们可能沿周向大约间隔开来120度。如果采用四个半岛形部分30，它们最好是沿周向大约间隔开来90度，等等。周向间距是在半岛形部分30的纵向轴线LA处测得的。
参看图3，造纸带10的各半岛形部分30可以是带锥度的。最好是，为了强度的目的，各半岛形部分从一较宽近端向一较窄远端形成锥度。在另外一实施例(未示出)中，各半岛形部分30可以从一较窄近端向一较宽远端形成锥度。在后一实施例的变形中，半岛形部分30可以是蘑菇形的。对于本领域普通技术人员来说，将会显而易见的是，各半岛形部分30不需要从较宽到较窄或较窄到较宽那样地单调地形成锥度。具有大体上正弦形或波浪形两侧的各半岛形部分30也可予以采用，以便进一步直观地把根据本发明的纸张20的各拱形隆起24划分成各较小的分拱形隆起24S。
参看图4，在另一项实施例中，半岛形部分30可以从一近端伸出并被分开以伸向多个远端。每一远端与其他各远端间隔开来。这一近端可以与基本上连续的网络相连，如图4中所示。另外，共同的近端可以设置在拱形隆起内部，亦如图4中所示。
参看图5，最好是每一弯沉导管16具有至少两个半岛形部分30。各半岛形部分30可以具有一大体上共同的取向，亦即形成各半岛形部分30纵向轴线LA的直线最好是大体上平行的。在这样一种配置下，各半岛形部分30被认为是大体上平行的。
如果如图所示，各半岛形部分30是大体上彼此平行的，更为可取地是如图5中所示，平行的各半岛形部分30彼此偏离开来。在这种一种配置下，更为可取的是，每一半岛形部分30至少延伸通过弯沉导管16或拱形隆起24的一半，以致各半岛形部分30显出是交错的。这一配置还直观地把弯沉导管16或拱形隆起24划分为显得更小的各次弯沉导管16或各分拱形隆起24S。另外，交错的各半岛形部分30可以相对于其他各半岛形部分30可以是偏斜的。
参看图6，可以采用弯曲的半岛形部分30。如果采用多个弯曲的半岛形部分30，它们也可以是交错的，或者具有交错的几部分，如图6中所示。
参看图7，各半岛形部分可以是带孔的。如在此所用，如果有弯沉导管16贯穿某半岛形部分30，则后者被认为是带孔的。将显而易见的是，各带孔的半岛形部分30也可以是带锥度的，如图3的实施例中所示。还将显而易见的是，一带孔的半岛形部分30的纵向轴线LA可以是岔开的或分段的，以便容纳设置在此半岛形部分30中的弯沉导管16。
在以下将要说明的本发明另一项实施例中，根据本发明的纸张20可以具有较高定量的基本上连续的网络26和较低定量的离散区域28。按照本发明，较低定量的离散区域28可以具有一个或多个高定量半岛形部分30，从高定量的基本上连续的网络28伸进较低定量的离散区域26。
为制作这样一种纸张20，根据本发明的造纸带10可以是本领域公知的成形长网。如图8所示，如果造纸带10要被用作成形长网，造纸带10可以具有离散的突起32。
参看图8-9，造纸带10中的每一突起32具有一个或多个在x-y平面之内延伸半岛形槽34。各槽34把各突起32分成为同样数量的分突起32S。这种划分形成的优点是，当结合较大的低定量区域28使用时，在造纸带上面制成的纸张20由于各突起32而节约了纤维，且并不由于这种纤维节约而造成的暗度过分丧失，或者潜在地过分丧失其他机械特性。
制得的纸张20将具有带有高定量半岛形部分30的高定量区域26和对应于各离散突起32的低定量各区域28。纸张的高定量区域26和低定量区域28可以认为是构成具有第一高定量区域26的基本上连续的网络。多个离散的低定量区域28设置在此基本上连续的网络区域26之内。离散的低定量各区域28具有的第二定量小于基本上连续的网络高定量区域26的第一定量。基本上连续的网络高定量区域26的第一定量大于离散的定量各区域28的第二定量。
此外，如上所指出，各半岛形部分30从基本上连续的网络高定量区域26伸进离散的低定量区域28。半岛形部分30的定量大于低定量离散区域28的定量，且最好是大体上等于高定量基本上连续的网络区域28的定量。
具有半岛形部分30的本发明很好地配合具有拱形隆起24的纸张，或者具有图案大小范围从5至500个每英寸和最好是100至250个每英寸的弯沉导管16或离散突起32的造纸带一起工作。当然本发明更为适用于一般较大尺寸的图案。
如果需要，本发明也可以用于一种半连续的图案。各种半连续图案在共同转让的，1997年5月13日授予Ayers等人的美国专利5628876中有所阐述，其内容在此引入作为参考。本发明的各半岛形部分30可以用于Ayers等人的造纸带10和纸张20。
将会认识到，根据本发明的前述与多个其他变型的多种组合都是可行的，它们全都由所附各项权利要求的范围所概括。

Claims (3)

1.一种造纸带，包括加强结构和框架，所述框架包括形成图案的连续网络表面，在所述框架之内限定多个离散的弯沉导管，所述网络表面具有至少一个从网络伸进所述各弯沉导管的半岛形部分。
2.按照权利要求1所述的造纸带，其特征在于，所述框架具有多个伸进所述弯沉导管的半岛形部分，而所述各弯沉导管具有周边，所述各半岛形部分围绕所述各弯沉导管的所述周边沿周向间隔开来。
3.一种造纸带，包括形成基本上连续的网络的加强结构和位于其上的框架，所述框架包括离散的突起，每一离散的突起具有至少一个从所述基本上连续的网络伸进其中的槽，从而所述各突起从所述加强结构向外伸展，而最好是包括多个伸进每一所述突起并把所述突起分成为同样的多个分突起的槽。
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CA2294019A1 (en) 1998-12-30
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ATE248247T1 (de) 2003-09-15
CN1103835C (zh) 2003-03-26
EP1015686A1 (en) 2000-07-05
CN1261415A (zh) 2000-07-26
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US6171447B1 (en) 2001-01-09
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AU7979298A (en) 1999-01-04

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