CN1425785A - Magnesium-aluminium-zinc alloy containing rare earth and its preparing method - Google Patents
Magnesium-aluminium-zinc alloy containing rare earth and its preparing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1425785A CN1425785A CN 03113528 CN03113528A CN1425785A CN 1425785 A CN1425785 A CN 1425785A CN 03113528 CN03113528 CN 03113528 CN 03113528 A CN03113528 A CN 03113528A CN 1425785 A CN1425785 A CN 1425785A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to metal plastic forming technology, and is especially one Mg-Al-Zn alloy containing RE and its preparation. It consists of Al 2.0-6.0 wt%, Zn 0.3-1.5 wt%, Mn 0.3-0.6 wt% and RE 0.1-0.5 wt% except Mg and inevitable impurity. The present invention combines RE element alloying and equal-passage turn angle extruding plastic deformation process and has obvious effects of fining micro structure of magnesium alloy and raising the strength and toughness of material. The magnesium alloy has tensile strength over 260 MPa, percentage elongation over 45%. In addition, the said forming process needs low extruding force and lower requirement in forming equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the metal forming technology, specifically be meant a kind of high strength, high-ductility, contain magnalium zinc alloy of rare earth and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Magnesium is the close-packed hexagonal crystalline structure, and the ability of its viscous deformation is relatively poor, and magnesium alloy has limited the large-scale commercial production and the application of its part because being difficult to deformation processing.Equal channel angular extrusion technique (being called isodiametric side again) to extrusion technique be a kind of by repeated deformation, obtain the large plastometric set amount to obtain the new technology of ultra-fine crystalline substance even nano structural material, compare with the conventional metals plastic working technique, adopt the equal channel angular extrusion technique, can realize that distortion does not change the macroscopic cross section shape of material, because plastic force is little, thereby can reduce requirement to former.Adopt the equal channel angular extrusion technique to prepare the existing more research of super fine crystal materials such as aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, copper alloy at present, but have only few part material to realize industrial applications.Adopt research that this technology prepares magnesium alloy materials at present also seldom, and still find no the report of such material industry production.In existing research report about equal channel angular extrusion magnesium alloy material, the researchist of Japan and Korea S studies the equal channel angular extrusion process of pure magnesium and magnalium zinc alloy (AZ series), and not seeing has the correlative study report that adds rare earth element alloyization.External magnesium alloy equal channel angular extrusion process adopts every time relative mould shaft of blank to the Bc of same direction half-twist operational path substantially, does extrusion lubricant with molybdenumdisulphide.Adopt similar preparation technology's equal channel angular extruding AZ31 material room temperature tensile strength and unit elongation to be respectively 240MPa and 40%.This technical matters restriction is comparatively strict, and the lubricant price is expensive, and the material mechanical performance of preparation has much room for improvement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to contain magnalium zinc alloy of rare earth and preparation method thereof by what improve that design of alloy and material preparation technology provide a kind of high strength, particularly high-ductility.
A kind of magnalium zinc alloy that contains rare earth is characterized in that this material contains rare earth element, and is as follows through adjusted composition and mass percentage content thereof:
Aluminium: 2.0～6.0%
Zinc: 0.3～1.5%
Manganese: 0.3～0.6%
Mishmetal: 0.1～0.5%
All the other are magnesium and inevitable trace impurity;
Mishmetal is cerium-rich mischmetal, rich yttrium mixed rare earth.
A kind of preparation method who contains the magnalium zinc alloy of rare earth, specifically comprise and push predeformation for magnesium alloy ingot, carry out the deformation technique of equal channel angular extruding subsequently, it is characterized in that, rare earth element alloyization and equal channel angular extruding plastic forming process combine, and its concrete processing step and processing condition thereof are as follows:
Step 1: alloy billet preparation
Prepare burden by following component and mass percentage content thereof: 2.0～6.0% aluminium, 0.3～1.5% zinc, 0.3～0.6% manganese, 0.1～0.5% mishmetal, all the other are magnesium and inevitable trace impurity; Be equipped with magnesium alloy ingot by sand mold casting, permanent mold casting and semicontinuous casting legal system, at 250～350 ℃ with extrusion ratio 3～10: 1 extruding preparation conforms with the magnesium alloy blank of shape need;
Step 2: preheating
In heat treatment furnace, under the air atmosphere magnesium alloy blank is heated 200～400 ℃ of Heating temperatures, soaking time 0.5～4h.Mould is heated die temperature: 100～300 ℃;
Step 3: the equal channel angular extruding will be taken out from heat treatment furnace through the blank of preheating, puts into the equal channel angular extrusion die extruding rapidly, and the lubricant that adopts during extruding is the mixture of locomotive oil and Graphite Powder 99, and its volume ratio is 2～3: 1; Extruding passage 4～20 times can adopt the non-rotary A operational path of blank or every time relative mould shaft of blank B to same direction half-twist between each passage
CEvery time relative mould shaft of operational path or blank is to the B of 90 ° of retrograde rotations
AOperational path;
Step 4: thermal treatment
According to the performance requriements of material, can not heat-treat by the magnesium alloy that the equal channel angular extrusion process makes yet.
For eliminating residualinternal stress, the stable alloy tissue can adopt homogenizing annealing process that extruded material is heat-treated, and concrete processing parameter is: 150～300 ℃ are incubated 1～24 hour.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, a kind of magnalium zinc alloy that contains rare earth of the present invention's preparation has the performance characteristics of high strength, high-ductility concurrently, the over-all properties room temperature tensile strength of material is more than 260MPa, the room temperature unit elongation is more than 45%, the cast magnesium alloys that is higher than similar component far away, compare with the cast magnesium alloys hot extrusion material of similar component simultaneously, the room temperature unit elongation is enhanced about more than once.
2, the present invention combines by rare earth element alloyization and equal channel angular extruding large plastometric set technology, for refinement of magnesium alloy microtexture and raising material mechanical performance significant effect is arranged.Through the equal channel angular pressing texturing of 12 passages, the about 1 μ m of obtainable alloy average grain size, and adopt conventional positive hot extrusion technique, obtaining same chip size needs 30: 1 above extruding Bizets to realize usually.
3, this preparation method required squeeze that is shaped is very low, thereby has reduced the requirement to material installation.
4, the present invention is not strict with operational path in the equal channel angular extrusion process, adopts B
C, B
AOr the A operational path all can prepare the material of good mechanical performance, and uses the lubricant of preparation voluntarily, and low price helps industrial production.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described by following embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Step 1: alloy billet preparation
Adopt sand mold casting to prepare the magnesium alloy blank.
Alloying constituent (mass percent):
Aluminium: 3.0%
Zinc: 0.5%
Manganese: 0.3%
Contain cerium 50%, contain the mishmetal of lanthanum 40%: 0.3%
All the other are magnesium and inevitable trace impurity.
Ingot casting is at 250～300 ℃ of magnesium alloy blanks that prepare desired shape with extrusion ratio forward extrusion in 4: 1.
Step 2: preheating
In heat treatment furnace, heat alloy billet under the air atmosphere, 200～250 ℃ of Heating temperatures, soaking time 1 hour heats die temperature: 250～300 ℃ to mould.
Step 3: equal channel angular extruding
To from heat treatment furnace, take out through the blank of preheating, put into equal channel angular extrusion die rapidly, the extruded alloy blank, adopting extrusion lubricant is the mixture of locomotive oil and Graphite Powder 99, volume ratio 2: 1, extruding passage 12 times, blank is by same direction rotation (Bc route) between each passage.
Step 4: thermal treatment
Adopt homogenizing annealing process that extruded material is heat-treated, concrete processing parameter is: 200 ℃ are incubated 4 hours.
Promptly get the high-strength high-toughness magnesium alloy material, the tensile strength of material is 260～270MPa, unit elongation 50%.
Embodiment 2:
Step 1: alloy billet preparation.
Adopt sand mold casting to prepare the magnesium alloy blank.
Alloying constituent (mass percent):
Aluminium: 6.0%
Zinc: 1.0%
Manganese: 0.6%
Contain cerium 50%, contain the mishmetal of lanthanum 40%: 0.5%
All the other are magnesium and inevitable trace impurity.
Ingot casting is at 280～320 ℃ of magnesium alloy blanks that prepare desired shape with extrusion ratio forward extrusion in 3: 1.
Step 2: preheating
In heat treatment furnace, heat alloy billet under the air atmosphere, 300～350 ℃ of Heating temperatures, soaking time 0.5 hour heats die temperature: 200～250 ℃ to mould.
Step 3: equal channel angular extruding
To from heat treatment furnace, take out through the blank of preheating, put into equal channel angular extrusion die rapidly, the extruded alloy blank.Adopting extrusion lubricant is locomotive oil and Graphite Powder 99, volume ratio 3: 1, extruding passage 8 times, blank at every time relative mould shaft to 90 ° of (B of retrograde rotation
ARoute).
Step 4: thermal treatment
Adopt homogenizing annealing process that extruded material is heat-treated, concrete processing parameter is: 300 ℃ are incubated 6 hours.
Promptly get the high-strength high-plasticity magnesium alloy material, the tensile strength of material is 280～310MPa, unit elongation 45～50%.
Embodiment 3:
Step 1: alloy billet preparation
Adopt sand mold casting to prepare the magnesium alloy blank.
Alloying constituent (mass percent):
Aluminium: 2.5%
Zinc: 1.5%
Manganese: 0.5%
Contain yttrium 50%, contain the mishmetal of lanthanum 10%: 0.1%
All the other are magnesium and inevitable trace impurity.
Ingot casting is at 200～240 ℃ of magnesium alloy blanks that prepare desired shape with extrusion ratio forward extrusion in 8: 1.
Step 2: preheating
In heat treatment furnace, heat alloy billet under the air atmosphere, 250～300 ℃ of Heating temperatures, soaking time 2 hours.Mould is heated die temperature: 150～200 ℃.
Step 3: equal channel angular extruding
To from heat treatment furnace, take out through the blank of preheating, put into equal channel angular extrusion die rapidly, the extruded alloy blank.Adopting extrusion lubricant is the mixture of locomotive oil and Graphite Powder 99, volume ratio 2: 1, and extruding passage 16 times, blank does not rotate (A route) between each passage.
Step 4: thermal treatment
Adopt homogenizing annealing process that extruded material is heat-treated, concrete processing parameter is: 250 ℃ are incubated 8 hours.
Promptly get the high-strength high-toughness magnesium alloy material, the tensile strength of material is 260MPa, unit elongation 50%.
Embodiment 4:
Step 1: alloy billet preparation
Adopt sand mold casting to prepare the magnesium alloy blank.
Alloying constituent (mass percent):
Aluminium: 4.0%
Zinc: 1.2%
Manganese: 0.4%
Contain cerium 50%, contain the mishmetal of neodymium 30%: 0.5%
All the other are magnesium and inevitable trace impurity.
Ingot casting is at 250～300 ℃ of magnesium alloy blanks that prepare desired shape with extrusion ratio forward extrusion in 10: 1.
Step 2: preheating
In heat treatment furnace, heat alloy billet under the air atmosphere, 250～300 ℃ of Heating temperatures, soaking time 4 hours heats die temperature: 250～300 ℃ to mould.
Step 3: equal channel angular extruding
To from heat treatment furnace, take out through the blank of preheating, put into equal channel angular extrusion die rapidly, the extruded alloy blank.Adopting extrusion lubricant is the mixture of locomotive oil and Graphite Powder 99, volume ratio 2: 1, and extruding passage 20 times, blank is by same direction rotation (Bc route) between each passage.
Promptly get the high-strength high-toughness magnesium alloy material, the tensile strength of material is 260～270MPa, unit elongation 45～50%.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of magnalium zinc alloy that contains rare earth is characterized in that this material contains rare earth element, and is as follows through adjusted composition and mass percentage content thereof:
Aluminium: 2.0～6.0%
Zinc: 0.3～1.5%
Manganese: 0.3～0.6%
Mishmetal: 0.1～0.5%
All the other are magnesium and inevitable trace impurity;
Mishmetal is cerium-rich mischmetal, rich yttrium mixed rare earth.
2, a kind of preparation method who contains the magnalium zinc alloy of rare earth, specifically comprise and push predeformation for magnesium alloy ingot, carry out the deformation technique of equal channel angular extruding subsequently, it is characterized in that, rare earth element alloyization and equal channel angular extruding plastic forming process combine, and its concrete processing step and processing condition thereof are as follows:
Step 1: alloy billet preparation
Prepare burden by following component and mass percentage content thereof: 2.0～6.0% aluminium, 0.3～1.5% zinc, 0.3～0.6% manganese, 0.1～0.5% mishmetal, all the other are magnesium and inevitable trace impurity; Be equipped with magnesium alloy ingot by sand mold casting, permanent mold casting and semicontinuous casting legal system, at 250～350 ℃ with extrusion ratio 3～10: 1 extruding preparation conforms with the magnesium alloy blank of shape need;
Step 2: preheating
In heat treatment furnace, under the air atmosphere magnesium alloy blank is heated, 200～400 ℃ of Heating temperatures, soaking time 0.5～4h heats mould, die temperature: 100～300 ℃;
Step 3: equal channel angular extruding
To from heat treatment furnace, take out through the blank of preheating, put into the equal channel angular extrusion die extruding rapidly, extruding passage 4～20 times can adopt the non-rotary A operational path of blank or every time relative mould shaft of blank B to same direction half-twist between each passage
cEvery time relative mould shaft of operational path or blank is to the B of 90 ° of retrograde rotations
AOperational path.
3, a kind of preparation method who contains the magnalium zinc alloy of rare earth according to claim 2 is characterized in that the lubricant that adopts during extruding is the mixture of locomotive oil and Graphite Powder 99, and its volume ratio is 2～3: 1.
4, according to claim 2,3 described a kind of preparation methods that contain the magnalium zinc alloy of rare earth, it is characterized in that, according to the performance requriements of material, adopt underannealing technology that extruded material is heat-treated, concrete processing parameter is: 150～300 ℃ are incubated 1～24 hour.
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| CN100398682C (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2008-07-02 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing micro-grain manganese bronze alloy |
| CN100554466C (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2009-10-28 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | A kind of Yttrium-rich rare earth high-strength antirusting Mg-Al-Mn die-casting magnesium alloy that contains |
| CN101269386B (en) * | 2007-03-19 | 2010-04-21 | 三井金属矿业株式会社 | Magnesium alloy plastic process product and manufacture method thereof and its uses |
| CN102330006A (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2012-01-25 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN103394542A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2013-11-20 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Rare earth magnesium alloy extrusion die and extrusion method |
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| CN101269386B (en) * | 2007-03-19 | 2010-04-21 | 三井金属矿业株式会社 | Magnesium alloy plastic process product and manufacture method thereof and its uses |
| CN101773948A (en) * | 2007-03-19 | 2010-07-14 | 三井金属矿业株式会社 | Magnesium alloy plastic process product and manufacture method thereof |
| CN100554466C (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2009-10-28 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | A kind of Yttrium-rich rare earth high-strength antirusting Mg-Al-Mn die-casting magnesium alloy that contains |
| CN102330006A (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2012-01-25 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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