CN1425513A - Heat-insulating hot extruding method - Google Patents
Heat-insulating hot extruding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1425513A CN1425513A CN 01138800 CN01138800A CN1425513A CN 1425513 A CN1425513 A CN 1425513A CN 01138800 CN01138800 CN 01138800 CN 01138800 A CN01138800 A CN 01138800A CN 1425513 A CN1425513 A CN 1425513A
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Abstract
The heat-insulating hot extrusion method features the application of split extrusion chamber. The technological process of hot extrusion includes heating both blank and extrusion chamber to extrusion temperature, loading the blank only, and withdrawing and moving the extrusion chamber for next hot extrusion cycle. The present invention utilizes the high temperature plasticity of the hot extruded blank fully; and the hot extruded blank has few temperature decrease so that the hot extrusion rate may be decreased for dynamic re-crystallization to improve the performance of the extruded blank. The fixed extrusion chamber does not contact with the high temperature extruded blank and has no high temperature friction and thus has long service life. The moving extrusion chamber matched with the blank is easy to maintain and replace.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the hot-working technology of metal material, a kind of heat-insulating hot extruding method that is specially adapted to ferrous metal, high temperature alloy and resistance of deformation alloy specifically is provided.
Background technology:
The metal fever extrusion molding for non-ferrous metal, particularly for copper, aluminium and alloy thereof, be mature technique very, but concerning ferrous metal, the history of hot extrusion is also shorter.It is that resistance of deformation is big, extrusion temperature is high that the ferrous metal hot extrusion is difficult for successful main cause.The hot extrusion ferrous metal must carry out under lubricating condition, and glass is softening when high temperature, utilizes the greasy property of melten glass to reduce friction, and utilizes the glass excellent heat insulation property to suppress the temperature rise of instrument simultaneously, prevents the instrument burn.Decrease of temperature causes the glass lubrication performance deteriorates, and simultaneously, the resistance of deformation of hot extrusion blank also sharply rises, and therefore keeping suitable temperature is the key point that can this class material of hot extrusion successful.
At present, the hot extrusion technique of ferrous metal or high-temperature alloy material generally is, blank is first at low-temperature prewarming, coat glass dust on the surface then, blank being put into high temperature furnace is heated to extrusion temperature insulation a period of time (time length is according to the blank wall thickness again, the material type is determined), the glass dust that this moment, high temperature lubricating was used dissolves and is uniformly distributed in blank surface, the hot blank of heating is put into recipient fast pressurize immediately.In this process, mobile hot extrusion blank speed is slow slightly or pressurization is slow slightly, all can cause decrease of temperature, will cause the extruding failure.Direct and the colder recipient of blank contacts during hot extrusion, and this is the bigger main cause of blank temperature drop.Just must shorten the time that blank is put into and begun to push in order to reduce the decline of extruded stock temperature as far as possible, improve extrusion speed.
In addition, the recipient that temperature is lower makes the mobile decline of the glass lubricant of blank surface, and viscosity increases, thereby has increased the friction between recipient and the blank.The influence that frictional force increases hot extrusion is: make total extruding force increase (because the total extruding force of frictional force consumption is up to 30%～40%); Frictional heat heats up blank, makes in the extrusion process each position temperature of blank inconsistent, causes size inhomogeneous, precise decreasing; Because of fierce detrusion takes place rubbing action blank top layer metal, form thick crystal grain layer after the heat treatment; Because of rubbing action makes metal flow inhomogeneous, the centre material of hot extrusion blank flows fast than limit portion, and the surface is cracked.Simultaneously because the sclerosis of glass lubricant causes the scuffing of blank surface when pushing.The heating recipient can be alleviated the temperature drop of blank but can cause recipient intensity to descend, and the life-span of recipient also sharply reduces, and is subjected to the restriction of material, and the high-temperature behavior that improves recipient is very difficult.
Technology contents:
At the problem of above-mentioned existence, the invention provides a kind of new hot extrusion technique, promptly heat-insulating hot extruding method is characterized in that adopting split type recipient, and the hot extrusion technique process is:
Blank and mobile recipient all are heated to extrusion temperature, in the fixed press of together packing into the tube, only load on blank, after extruding finishes, withdraw from mobile recipient and enter next hot extrusion circulation.
Heat-insulating hot extruding method of the present invention is applicable to the hot extrusion of various metal materials, is specially adapted to the bigger alloy of ferrous metal, high temperature alloy and resistance of deformation.
In the heat-insulating hot extruding method of the present invention, can be coated with lubricant on the surface of blank at first with behind blank and the mobile recipient low-temperature prewarming, be heated to extrusion temperature again, the lubricant first-selection is a glass dust.Between mobile recipient and fixed press tube, should adopt general high-temp liquid or kollag.
In the heat-insulating hot extruding method of the present invention, described blank and mobile recipient can be nested together and be heated to extrusion temperature jointly, also can be heated to extrusion temperature respectively.
In addition, according to concrete hot extrusion technique, but preheating of fixed press tube or not preheating described in the heat-insulating hot extruding method of the present invention.
The present invention also provides the recipient that is exclusively used in above-mentioned heat-insulating hot extruding method, it is characterized in that recipient is divided into fixed press tube and two parts of mobile recipient; The fixed press tube is identical with the conventional extruded tube, is the main body of recipient, is fixed on the extrusion die; The inner surface of mobile recipient cooperates with the blank for the treatment of hot extrusion, and the outside cooperates with the fixed press tube.
The key problem in technology of heat-insulating hot extruding method of the present invention is that recipient is divided into fixing and mobile two parts, makes heat transfer border and friction boundary separation.The mobile recipient of high temperature has guaranteed that blank can remain on the condition of high temperature always in hot extrusion process, plasticity in the time of can giving full play to blank high temperature, but also guaranteed that glass lubricant flowability in hot extrusion process does not reduce, so just can reduce the frictional force in the extrusion process greatly, the extruding force of giving full play to when making the blank hot extrusion of glass lubricant efficient reduces.
Compare with existing hot-extrusion method, adopt hot extrusion mode of the present invention, can make full use of the high-temp plastic of hot extrusion blank, the temperature of hot extrusion blank does not descend or descends very little, therefore the extrusion speed in the time of can reducing hot extrusion, can make blank that adequate time generation dynamic recrystallization is arranged and slow down extrusion speed, the blank performance after the extruding is greatly improved.The fixed press tube does not directly contact with the elevated temperature heat extrusion billet, does not participate in high temperature friction, the service life of so yet having improved the fixed press mould greatly in the hot extrusion process yet.Because mobile recipient cooperates with blank, even therefore a certain mobile recipient damage also can not influence the extruding of other blank, the maintenance of mobile recipient and change very convenient.
Description of drawings:
The hot extrusion technique mould schematic diagram that Fig. 1 is traditional;
The signal of Fig. 2 heat preservation hot extrusion process mould.
The specific embodiment:
All embodiment of the present invention all adopt heat preservation hot extrusion process mould as shown in Figure 2, but do not limit the present invention, wherein fixed press tube 11 is identical with conventional extruded tube 1, it is the main body of recipient, be fixed on the extrusion die 2 (middle lining 21, external mold 22, conical die 23), available traditional recipient material is as the mold heat steel, make, but according to concrete tube preheating of hot extrusion technique fixed press or not preheating.
Mobile recipient 12 can be according to the kind and the shape selection of the alloy that is pushed.The inner surface of mobile recipient 12 cooperates with the blank 3 for the treatment of hot extrusion, and the outside cooperates with fixed press tube 11.Owing to be not main friction border, can adopt general high-temp liquid or solid lubrication between mobile recipient 12 and the fixed press tube 11, and still adopt glass lubricated between blank 3 and the mobile recipient 12.
Concrete hot extrusion technique process is:
Blank 3 and mobile recipient 12 are behind low-temperature prewarming, glass dust is coated on surface at blank 3, mobile recipient 12 all is heated to extrusion temperature with hot extrusion blank 3, be incubated the corresponding time, the pressurization in the fixed press tube 11 of then mobile recipient 12 and blank 3 together being packed into, only on blank 3, load during hot extrusion, make its stress deformation, and mobile recipient 12 is not loaded, and recipient 11 constraints are fixed, therefore mobile recipient 12 is indeformable or distortion is very little, after extruding finishes, withdraws from mobile recipient 12 and enters next hot extrusion circulation.
Embodiment 1: the stainless bar of the circular 1Cr18Ni9Ti of hot extrusion
Fixed press tube and mobile recipient material are hot die steel, and the cooperation tapering of two recipients is 1 °.The hot extrusion blank is of a size of: φ 82 * 260mm, with the hot extrusion blank 300 ℃ of preheatings, after the outer surface of blank is coated glass dust, be assembled together and put into high temperature furnace and be heated to 1140 ℃ with mobile recipient, be incubated after 40 minutes, the extruding of the fixed press of packing into tube only loads on blank during extruding.The extruding before on fixed press tube inwall the graphite spraying lubricant.Extrusion speed is 30mm/s.Extruding finishes the back and withdraws from mobile recipient and the next blank that has been coated with glass dust from top and assemble and put into high temperature furnace and heat.Blank after the extruding is directly quenched in the entry, and blank diameter is φ 40mm, and the blank surface after the extruding is bright and clean.
Embodiment 2: the circular Inconel 690 high temperature alloy bars of hot extrusion
The hot extrusion instrument is identical with embodiment 1.The hot extrusion blank is of a size of: φ 82 * 260mm, the hot extrusion blank 300 ℃ of preheatings, is heated to 1140 ℃ after the outer surface of blank is coated glass dust, is incubated after 50 minutes, with the mobile recipient assembling that is heated to same temperature, the extruding of the fixed press of packing into tube.The extruding before on the fixed press tube graphite spraying lubricant.Extrusion speed is 40mm/s.Blank after the extruding is directly quenched in the entry, and blank diameter is φ 36mm, and the blank surface after the extruding is bright and clean.
Example 3: hot extrusion stainless steel and high temperature alloy pipe
Recipient and example 1, example 2 are identical, and the external diameter of hot extrusion blank and length are φ 82 * 260mm, and internal diameter is φ 25mm, and the extruding pin of φ 24 is used in hot extrusion.Blank and mobile recipient respectively 300 ℃ of preheatings, are assembled together with mobile recipient after the outer surface of blank and inner surface are coated glass dust and put into high temperature furnace and be heated to 1140 ℃, be incubated extruding after 40 minutes.The extruding before on the fixed press tube graphite spraying lubricant.Extrusion speed is 30mm/s.The tube outer diameter that hot extrude extrudes is φ 36mm, and internal diameter is φ 24mm.Successfully squeeze out 1Cr25Ni20Si2 stainless steel pipe, Inconel 690 alloy pipes and Inconel 718 alloy pipes.
Example 4: hot extrusion aluminium alloy pipe
Recipient and example 1, example 2 are identical, and the external diameter of hot extrusion blank and length are φ 84 * 200mm, and internal diameter is φ 27mm, and the extruding pin of φ 27 is used in hot extrusion.Blank and mobile recipient respectively 180 ℃ of preheatings, are assembled together with mobile recipient after the outer surface of blank and inner surface are coated oily graphite and put into heating furnace and be heated to 420 ℃, be incubated extruding after 40 minutes.The extruding before on the fixed press tube graphite spraying lubricant.Extrusion speed is 10mm/s.The tube outer diameter that hot extrude extrudes is φ 40mm, and internal diameter is φ 27mm.Successfully squeeze out the LF5 aluminium alloy pipe.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of heat-insulating hot extruding method is characterized in that adopting split type recipient, and the hot extrusion technique process is:
Blank and mobile recipient all are heated to extrusion temperature, in the fixed press of together packing into the tube, only load on blank, after extruding finishes, withdraw from mobile recipient and enter next hot extrusion circulation.
2,, it is characterized in that described blank is the bigger alloy of ferrous metal, high temperature alloy and resistance of deformation according to the described heat-insulating hot extruding method of claim 1.
3, according to claim 1 or 2 described heat-insulating hot extruding methods, it is characterized in that at first being coated with lubricant on the surface of blank with behind blank and the mobile recipient low-temperature prewarming, be heated to extrusion temperature again.
4,, it is characterized in that described lubricant is a glass dust according to the described heat-insulating hot extruding method of claim 3.
5,, it is characterized in that adopting between described mobile recipient and the fixed press tube general high-temp liquid or kollag according to the described heat-insulating hot extruding method of claim 3.
6,, it is characterized in that described blank and mobile recipient are nested together to be heated to extrusion temperature jointly according to the described heat-insulating hot extruding method of claim 1.
7,, it is characterized in that earlier the fixed press tube being carried out preheating according to the described heat-insulating hot extruding method of claim 1.
8, a kind of recipient that is exclusively used in the described heat-insulating hot extruding method of claim 1 is characterized in that recipient is divided into fixed press tube and two parts of mobile recipient; The fixed press tube is identical with the conventional extruded tube, is the main body of recipient, is fixed on the extrusion die; The inner surface of mobile recipient cooperates with the blank for the treatment of hot extrusion, and the outside cooperates with the fixed press tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011388005A CN1186139C (en) | 2001-12-11 | 2001-12-11 | Heat-insulating hot extruding method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011388005A CN1186139C (en) | 2001-12-11 | 2001-12-11 | Heat-insulating hot extruding method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1425513A true CN1425513A (en) | 2003-06-25 |
| CN1186139C CN1186139C (en) | 2005-01-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB011388005A Expired - Fee Related CN1186139C (en) | 2001-12-11 | 2001-12-11 | Heat-insulating hot extruding method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104593702A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-05-06 | 邯郸新兴特种管材有限公司 | Difficult-to-deform superalloy extrusion method |
| CN105363817A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-03-02 | 卡迈锡控股两合公司 | Die module set for pressing tools for producing screws |
| CN107159737A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-09-15 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of extruder |
| CN107262547A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-20 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of temperature intelligence controlling device of extruder Isothermal Extrusion |
| CN108262364A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-07-10 | 西北有色金属研究院 | A kind of microcapillary extrusion temperature control device |
| CN109663830A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-23 | 南通市荣力达铝业有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy extruded cylinder of modified and its manufacturing method |
| CN109877180A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-14 | 西安建筑科技大学 | It is a kind of for measuring the thermal-squeezing device and method of extrusion cylinder inner wall friction factor |
| JP7010441B1 (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2022-01-26 | 丸嘉工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of pipe material |
-
2001
- 2001-12-11 CN CNB011388005A patent/CN1186139C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105363817A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-03-02 | 卡迈锡控股两合公司 | Die module set for pressing tools for producing screws |
| CN105363817B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2020-02-21 | 卡迈锡控股两合公司 | Female die module group of extrusion die for manufacturing screw |
| CN104593702A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-05-06 | 邯郸新兴特种管材有限公司 | Difficult-to-deform superalloy extrusion method |
| CN107262547A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-20 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of temperature intelligence controlling device of extruder Isothermal Extrusion |
| CN107159737A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-09-15 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of extruder |
| CN108262364A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-07-10 | 西北有色金属研究院 | A kind of microcapillary extrusion temperature control device |
| CN108262364B (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2020-09-25 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Micro-fine tube extrusion temperature control device |
| CN109663830A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-23 | 南通市荣力达铝业有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy extruded cylinder of modified and its manufacturing method |
| CN109877180A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-14 | 西安建筑科技大学 | It is a kind of for measuring the thermal-squeezing device and method of extrusion cylinder inner wall friction factor |
| JP7010441B1 (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2022-01-26 | 丸嘉工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of pipe material |
| WO2022123798A1 (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2022-06-16 | 丸嘉工業株式会社 | Pipe member manufacturing method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1186139C (en) | 2005-01-26 |
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