CN1421419A - Porous body, its producing process & foaming apparatus used for the same production - Google Patents
Porous body, its producing process & foaming apparatus used for the same production Download PDFInfo
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- CN1421419A CN1421419A CN02152990A CN02152990A CN1421419A CN 1421419 A CN1421419 A CN 1421419A CN 02152990 A CN02152990 A CN 02152990A CN 02152990 A CN02152990 A CN 02152990A CN 1421419 A CN1421419 A CN 1421419A
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention provides a process of producing a porous body which exhibits sufficient strength although it is obtained by using fly ash as a main component. The porous bodies 9 are obtained by feeding fly ash 1, cement 2 and water 3 from respective feeders 12-14 of a main raw material slurry producing unit 10 into a mixer 11, then mixing the raw materials to prepare a main raw material slurry 4 having a viscosity of 200-1,200 cp, feeding the main raw material slurry 4 from a feeder 22 of a foamed slurry production unit 20 to a mixer 21, at the same time, feeding a protein-based foaming agent from a foaming unit 30 into the mixer 21, after stirring for producing a foamed slurry 6, pouring the foamed slurry 6 into a molding flask 41 of a porous body forming unit 40 so as to cast, subjecting to preliminary steam curing, removing a cured material from the molding flask 41, cutting the formed body 8 removed from the mold into pieces each having a predetermined size using a piano wire, and curing the pieces in a curing unit 42.
Description
Field that the present invention belongs to
The present invention relates to contain porous insert, its manufacture method of flyash and the foam device that is used to make.
Background technology
In Japan, the flyash such as a large amount of coal ash about 60% that produce from heat power station can utilize again, and still, remaining about 40% can't utilize again, can only landfill disposal.This is because chemical ingredients or size-grade distribution difference are caused in the place of production of the coal of use, and the electric power during owing to generating is exported, the quality of flyash (specific surface area (granularity) and unburnt ingredient amount (carbon amount) etc.) dispersion.That is to say, based on overseas coal at present, use with the powder raw material form, the deviation of character is big, is difficult to satisfy the condition of making stable prod.
And in the flyash that utilizes again, most as the raw material of clay alternate cement and ceramic industry, the part that can use as the concrete mixture of JIS regulation only is wherein a bit, can't use in a large number.From now on, along with the increase at coal fired power generation station, it is contemplated that the generation of flyash further increases, the situation of flyash landfill disposal is severe more, and it is extremely important further to improve the utilization ratio again of flyash.
For this reason, studying flyash is being used for ALC (light weight concrete of hot-pressing processing) building materials, but, because along with the kind of coal and the output etc. of generating electricity, the powder characteristics of flyash alters a great deal, and therefore, is difficult to a large amount of utilizations, can only use the degree that substitutes few a part of raw material, also not use the sufficiently high degree of utilizing a large amount of flyash that produce again.
In addition, also studying, still,, needing transportation remotely, having the difficulty of economic aspect, limiting the flyash raising of utilization ratio again if be used in owing to cost height with respect to natural resource with the raw material of flyash as roadbed material and coarse aggregate.
Therefore, as the means that can further effectively utilize flyash, for example, propose in patent documentation 1 grade below, pre-frothing that employing is generally carried out in cellular concrete and air mortar and mixed foaming (ミ Star Network ス Off ォ-system) method, the raw material of powder mix coal ash and cement generation is carried out the shaping of porous matter, and adopt hot pressing its solidified method.
This method is that flyash, cement, water, whipping agent, tackifier blended flyash slurry are foamed with whipping agent, sneak into the trickle bubble that other foam device is made, form the foaming slurry of given proportion, after the preceding maintenance of the preceding maintenance of first section low temperature of bubble fixed (30～50 ℃) of the slurry that carried out foaming and second section high temperature (50～80 ℃), the method that adopts common hot pressing maintenance to be cured.Adopt this method, can make the sound absorbent material of the high blend level of flyash of flyash 65%, cement 35% and ALC etc.
Adopt common ALC manufacture method, to carry out hot pressing maintenance after the maintenance before carrying out under the temperature of foaming slurry about 60 ℃, in with the foaming slurry of flyash such as coal ash as main component, even sneak into cement, if under the temperature about 60 ℃, carry out preceding maintenance, bubble is unfixing yet, breaks, and therefore has the problem that can't obtain sufficient intensity and cured body proportion.
Patent documentation 1, the spy opens flat 10-291872 communique
But, in the said products that the method for putting down in writing is made, can not reach common ALC characteristic (air dry density: 0.6g/cm in adopting above-mentioned patent documentation 1 grade
3Below, compressive strength: 30kg/cm
2More than), also only can obtain the flexural strength of one half way degree.
Its reason can be thought because be difficult to complete and homogeneousization in the bubble that adds after forming the flyash slurry.Particularly by inference, use compressed-air actuated bubble,, will break bubble, therefore, can only mix with the short period of time if mix with the flyash slurry for a long time.Like this, being difficult to develop with flyash is the high product of added value of main component.
The flyash that produces by coal with compare from the flyash of generations such as incinerator, under the high-temp combustion environment, handle, have identical effect, be safe.Even as cement additive, it is believed that maximum can replace 30%, therefore, also proved security.But, be difficult as prepared using, this is because change of properties is big.
Change of properties mainly causes because of the place of production of coal is different.As the feature of the optimal domestic coal of cement additive is that the Ca0 composition is about 10%, still, now, domestic coal usage quantity seldom, major part is external coal.The place of production of foreign country's coal also is the countries in the world variation, and the flyash composition that various coals produce is different with the coal heat, and quality discrepancy is big.And then, because the coal class of using as boiler oil is just more than ten kinds,, also can't be used for other coal ash even found out to the creating conditions of a certain coal ash.
Here it is, and to cause manufacturing be the very important reasons of difficulty of the goods of main component with flyash.
The present invention In view of the foregoing even purpose is that it is main component that the flyash with coal ash is provided, also can present the manufacture method of the porous insert of sufficient intensity, and this makes the foam device that uses.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, the manufacture method of porous insert of the present invention is characterised in that carries out: the main raw material and the water of flyash, cement are mixed the main raw material slurry manufacturing process that makes the main raw material slurry, by being that whipping agent mixes, is manufactured on the foaming slurry manufacturing process of the foaming slurry that has bubble in this main raw material slurry and with maintenance of above-mentioned foaming slurry and solidified porous insert forming process with the above-mentioned main raw material and the protein of foaming.
Preferably above-mentioned main raw material is mixed with above-mentioned water, so that the viscosity of above-mentioned main raw material slurry is 200～1200cP.
The ratio of above-mentioned flyash is preferably 60～80 weight % in the above-mentioned main raw material, and the ratio of above-mentioned cement is preferably 20～40 weight % in the above-mentioned main raw material.The necessity of many use cement is because the few cause of Ca0 (calcium) composition in the flyash as mentioned above.For this reason, also can change the way of the cement that increases high price, it is some or all of with the displacement of calcareous raw materials such as lime, gypsum, slaked lime, lime carbonate.These compositions are to use as a kind of of cement raw material, contain necessary other composition silicon oxide (SiO of cement reaction in the flyash
2) and aluminum oxide (Al
2O
3).Therefore, when carrying out hot-pressing processing in the present invention when the cement reaction is carried out stably, can be with its replacing whole.The contriver confirms, the upper limit of cement is made as 30 weight %, all the other 10% usefulness lime (CaO), gypsum (CaSO
4Replace)=8: 2, compares also not a halfpenny the worse with cement.In addition, do not use cement fully, with lime (CaO), gypsum (CaSO
4When metathetical was carried out in)=8: 2, though curing speed is low, intensity also reduced, and also can make goods.
Above-mentioned flyash also can be heat-treated under 500～700 ℃ temperature.
Preferably the above-mentioned protein with above-mentioned main raw material slurry and foaming is that whipping agent mixes, so that the density of above-mentioned foaming slurry is 0.7～1.5g/cm
3
Above-mentioned protein is preferably hydrolysis of keratin of whipping agent.
When adopting hydrolysis of keratin to be whipping agent as above-mentioned protein, preferred working concentration is 3～10 weight %, more preferably from about the hydrolysis of keratin aqueous solution of 7 weight %.
Foam device of the present invention is characterised in that: have mixing protein and be whipping agent and air and the mixing transportation means of carrying and be the jet tools of whipping agent and above-mentioned air spray by the mesh body with the above-mentioned protein of blended.
The mesh aperture of above-mentioned mesh body is preferably 1～2mm.
Above-mentioned protein is preferably hydrolysis of keratin of whipping agent.
Porous insert of the present invention is characterised in that: the main raw material slurry that powder mix coal ash, cement and water are formed is that whipping agent mixes the foaming slurry curing that forms, have bubble with the protein of foaming.
In the total amount of above-mentioned flyash content and above-mentioned cement content, the ratio of preferred above-mentioned flyash is 60～80 weight %, and the ratio of above-mentioned cement is 20～40 weight %.
Above-mentioned flyash also can be carry out thermal treatment person under 500～700 ℃ temperature.
The average air vent aperture of porous insert of the present invention is preferably 0.1～0.5mm.
Porous insert preferred density of the present invention is 0.3～1.0g/cm
3
Above-mentioned protein is whipping agent selective hydrolysis Keratin sulfate.
The simple declaration of accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is that the integral body of apparatus for producing porous body that is used to implement first kind of embodiment of porous insert manufacture method of the present invention constitutes sketch.
Fig. 2 is the formation sketch of Fig. 1 foam device.
Fig. 3 is the formation sketch of Fig. 2 mesh body.
Fig. 4 is that the integral body of apparatus for producing porous body that is used to implement second kind of embodiment of porous insert manufacture method of the present invention constitutes sketch.
Fig. 5 is the oblique drawing that is used to illustrate the typified form that is used to carry out the typified form bending strength test.
Fig. 6 is the additive of whipping agent in the expression porous insert manufacture method of the present invention and the curve that foams and concern between slurry density and the porous insert density.
Nomenclature
1 flyash, 2 cement, 3 water, 4 main raw material slurries, 5 protein are whipping agent, 6 foaming slurries, 7 air, 8 moldinies, 9 porous inseries, 10 main raw material slurry manufacturing installations, 11 stirrers, 12 flyash feeders, 13 cement supply devices, 14 water supply devices, 20 foaming slurry manufacturing installations, 21 stirrers, 22 main raw material slurry feeders, 30 foam devices, 31 mixing conveyors, 31a foamed pot, 31b air compressor, the 31c pressurized vessel, 31d～31l valve, 32 foaming tubes, 33 mesh bodies, 33a mesh, 40 porous insert building mortions, 41 templates, 42 curing means, 50 main raw material slurry manufacturing installations, 52 flyash feeders, 55 flyash storage vaults, 56 thermal treaters.
The working of an invention scheme
The embodiment that the manufacture method of porous insert of the present invention and its are made the foam device that uses adopts accompanying drawing to carry out following explanation, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
[first kind of embodiment]
First kind of embodiment of the foam device that the manufacture method of porous insert of the present invention and this manufacturing are used adopts Fig. 1～3 to describe.Fig. 1 is that the integral body of apparatus for producing porous body constitutes sketch, and Fig. 2 is the formation sketch of foam device, and Fig. 3 is the formation sketch of mesh body.
＜manufacturing installation 〉
As shown in Figure 1, the apparatus for producing porous body of the present embodiment has: the main raw material of flyash 1 and cement 2 is mixed the main raw material slurry manufacturing installation 10 of making main raw material slurry 4 with water 3, by the protein that mixes above-mentioned main raw material slurry 4 and foaming is that whipping agent 5 is made the foaming slurry manufacturing installation 20 that has the foaming slurry 6 of bubble in the main raw material slurries 4, maintenance foaming slurry 6 and with its solidified porous insert building mortion 40.
Above-mentioned main raw material slurry manufacturing installation 10 has: with the main raw material and the water 3 blended stirrers 11 of flyash 1 and cement 2, with flyash 1 metering and supply to flyash feeder 12 in the stirrer 11, with cement 2 metering and supply to cement supply device 13 in the stirrer 11, with water 3 meterings and supply to water supply device 14 in the stirrer 11.
Above-mentioned foaming slurry manufacturing installation 20 has: is whipping agent 5 blended stirrers 21 with main raw material slurry 4 with the protein that foams, with main raw material slurry 4 metering and supply to main raw material slurry feeder 22 in the stirrer 21, be whipping agent 5 foaming with protein and supply to foam device 30 in the stirrer 21.
As shown in Figure 2, above-mentioned foam device 30 has: with protein is the mixing conveyor 31 that whipping agent 5 and air 7 mix and carry, as with blended protein being whipping agent 5 and the air 7 foaming tube 32 by the jet apparatus of mesh body 33 injections.
As shown in Figure 3, above-mentioned mesh body 33 is the sintering metals that are shaped with planar disc with mesh 33a, and the aperture of above-mentioned mesh 33a is 1～2mm (preferred 1.5mm), stresses folded several pieces (about 5 pieces) of installing in the inner tip of foaming tube 32.
Among Fig. 2,31a is the whipping agent jar, and 31b is an air compressor, and 31c is a pressurized vessel, and 31d～31l is a valve.
Promptly, above-mentioned foam device 30 is by valve-off 31a～31l, open valve 31d～31f, making the protein in the whipping agent jar 31a is after whipping agent 5 flow among the pressurized vessel 31c, open valve 31g～31l, valve-off 31d～31f, simultaneously, start air compressor 31b, send air 7, just extruding protein in the pressurized vessel 31c is whipping agent 5, mix with air 7, simultaneously, be transported to foaming tube 32, by the mesh 33a of above-mentioned mesh body 33, be whipping agent 5 with the protein that sprays foaming from this foaming tube 32 with homogeneous bubble state.
Here,, be difficult to generate the bubble of homogeneous size if replace above-mentioned mesh body 33 for example to use granulated glass sphere etc., therefore bad.
And if the size of the mesh 33a of mesh body 33 has surpassed 2mm, expansion ratio reduces, and bubble breaks easily simultaneously, if less than 1mm, it is meticulous that bubble becomes, and is difficult to mix with raw material slurry 4, on floating on the surface, breaks easily, therefore bad.
Above-mentioned porous insert building mortion 40 has: the template 41 of the foaming slurry 6 that is shaped and vibration template 41, the not shown device that shakes, the curing means 42 of the hot pressing of maintenance foaming slurry 6 etc. of encouraging.
＜manufacture method 〉
The manufacture method of porous insert of the present embodiment of this apparatus for producing porous body is used in following explanation.
" main raw material slurry manufacturing process "
In above-mentioned main raw material slurry manufacturing installation 10, measure flyash 1, cement 2 and water 3 respectively from flyash feeder 12, cement supply device 13, water supply device 14, supply in the stirrer 11, in stirrer 11, mix, make main raw material slurry 4.
At this moment, ratio with flyash in the main raw material 1 is 60～80 weight % (being preferably 70 weight %), the ratio of cement 2 is 20～40 weight % (preferred 30 weight %) in the main raw material, these flyash 1 and cement 2 are supplied to the stirrer 11 from separately feeder 12,13, from water supply device 14 water 3 is supplied to the stirrer 11, so that the viscosity of main raw material slurry 4 is 200～1200cP (preferred 300～1000cP).
Particularly, be under the situation of main raw material of aforementioned proportion at flyash 1 and cement 2, add the water 3 of 40～60 weight % with respect to main raw material.The addition of this water 3 is obtained in advance by test.
Here, if the not enough 200cP of the viscosity of raw material slurry 4, in foaming slurry described later manufacturing process, even with the protein of foaming is that whipping agent 5 mixes with raw material slurry 4, raw material slurry 4 also separates easily with bubble, the bubble of foaming in the slurry 6 homogeneous that to become that distributes, the rerum natura that might cause the porous insert of manufacturing reduces, and is therefore bad, if the viscosity of raw material slurry 4 has surpassed 1200cP, in foaming slurry described later manufacturing process, the protein of foaming is whipping agent 5 when mixing with raw material slurry 4, and bubble generation breaks, and the bubble in the slurry 6 that foams is considerably less, the rerum natura that might cause the porous insert of manufacturing reduces, and is therefore bad.
And if the aforementioned proportion of flyash 1 has surpassed 80 weight %, the water tolerance of the porous insert of manufacturing reduces, stripping in water easily, if the aforementioned proportion of flyash 1 less than 60 weight %, the usage quantity of flyash 1 is very few, and is therefore bad.
" manufacturing process of foaming slurry "
The main raw material slurry 4 of above-mentioned manufacturing is transferred to the main raw material slurry feeder 22 of above-mentioned foaming slurry manufacturing installation 20 from above-mentioned stirrer 11, from these main raw material slurry feeder 22 metering main raw material slurries 4, and supply in the stirrer 21, simultaneously, illustrate as the front, is that whipping agent 5 (in about 20 times of volume ratio) supplies in the stirrer 21 from foam device 30 with the protein that foams, with by in stirrer 21, mixing, be manufactured on the foaming slurry 6 that has bubble in the main raw material slurry 4.
At this moment, the protein of supplying with foaming from above-mentioned foam device 30 to stirrer 21 is whipping agent 5, so that the density of foaming slurry 6 is 0.7～1.5g/cm
3
Particularly, with respect to the main raw material slurry 4 of above-mentioned composition, the protein that adds the foaming of 50～150 volume % is whipping agent 5.The protein of this foaming is that the addition of whipping agent 5 is suitably set based on the purpose of the porous insert of making, and obtains in advance according to test.
Here, replacing protein is whipping agent 5, if adopt for example polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), be difficult to form the bubble of homogeneous size, if adopt anion surfactant, though can form the bubble of homogeneous size, but bubble is damaged easily, promptly, form easily " pimple (ダ マ) ", therefore bad.And, be whipping agent 5 if use protein, form the bubble of homogeneous size easily, and bubble is not easy breakage, and do not produce " pimple ", therefore can obtain extraordinary result.As protein is whipping agent 5, can enumerate the aqueous solution of hydrolysis of keratin etc.
" porous insert forming process "
The foaming slurry 6 of above-mentioned manufacturing is flow into from above-mentioned stirrer 21 in the template 41 of porous insert building mortion 40 and carry out casting forming.At this moment, insert reinforcing bar etc. in the template 41 as required, and, by flowing in the templates 41, can be easy to make foaming slurry 6 planarizations in the template 41 and stable with encouraging will foam simultaneously slurry 6 of the device that shakes (not shown) vibration template 41.
Then, preparation vapor cure, from template 41 demouldings, by piano wire etc. the molding 8 of the demoulding is cut into given size after, by in curing means 42, carrying out maintenance, can make porous insert 9.
And the method for making to sizing can realize by inserting baffle plate with the interval of given wall thickness in the mould before flowing into the foaming slurry.
The porous insert 9 of Zhi Zaoing is to generate porous insert (density 0.3～1.0g/cm that average air vent aperture is the bubble of 0.1～0.5mm at inner homogeneous like this
3, more preferably 0.45～0.9g/cm
3).Here, be 0.45～0.6g/cm if make density
3(low density product) can be used as the ALC building material and use, and are 0.6～0.9g/cm if make density
3(high-density product), the substitute that can be used as concrete and timber uses.
Here, the air vent aperture of the porous insert in this specification sheets is to cut off porous insert, the value of measuring during with the entity microscope observing cross section, the mean value of air vent aperture are to select the pore of the mean size in a plurality of pores of observing in certain visual field, on average the value that obtains of the measured value of their diameters.
The density of porous insert is that the test film that will be made by the cubes that downcuts 100mm * 100mm * 100mm size from porous insert descends drying after 3 days at 105 ℃, obtain the value of density by its quality and volume, the value that the density of average 3 above test films obtains, and the weight minimizing degree during with its drying is as water ratio.
As for above-mentioned porous insert 9, (stress under compression 2.94～8.82MPa) only uses the porous insert of cement 2 to compare with not using flyash 1, can have not a halfpenny the worse intensity to have enough intensity.
Stress under compression in this specification sheets is meant, to descend drying after 3 days at 105 ℃ by the test film that the cubes that downcuts 100mm * 100mm * 100mm size from porous insert is made, this test film is compressed on short transverse, break, the test film more than 3 is measured with respect to the vertical unit cross-sectional area (10000mm of short transverse
2) stress in when fracture, calculate the value that its mean value obtains.
Therefore,,, owing to can realize enough intensity, can reach and enlarge the purpose of utilizing flyash 1, can improve the usability again of flyash 1 even be the porous insert 9 of principal constituent with flyash 1 according to the present embodiment.
When maintenance foaming slurry, can adopt heater means such as hot pressing to heat, still, in the present invention, the heating that is used to solidify the foaming slurry is optional, even place the foaming slurry at normal temperatures, also can be cured, thus, can make porous insert of the present invention.
[second kind of embodiment]
Second kind of embodiment of the foam device that porous insert of the present invention, its manufacture method and this manufacturing are used adopts Fig. 4 to describe.Fig. 4 is the whole formation of an apparatus for producing porous body sketch.But, for the identical part of situation of above-mentioned the 1st embodiment owing to use the identical symbol of symbol that uses in the explanation with above-mentioned first kind of embodiment, omit its repeat specification.
＜manufacturing installation 〉
As shown in Figure 4, the manufacturing installation of the present embodiment porous insert has: the main raw material of flyash 1 and cement 2 is mixed the main raw material slurry manufacturing installation 50 of making main raw material slurry 4 with water 3, by the protein with above-mentioned main raw material metering 4 and foaming is that whipping agent 5 mixes the foaming slurry manufacturing installation 20 that is manufactured on the foaming slurry 6 that has bubble in the main raw material slurry 4, and maintenance foaming slurry 6 also carries out solidified porous insert building mortion 40.
Above-mentioned main raw material slurry manufacturing installation 50 has: with the main raw material and the water 3 blended stirrers 11 of flyash 1 and cement 2, metering cement 2 also supplies to cement supply device 13 in the stirrer 11, metering water 3 also supplies to water supply device 14 in the stirrer 11, the flyash storage vault 55 of storing fly ash 1, the thermal treaters such as tube furnace 56 of heat treated flyash 1 measure heat treated flyash 1 and supply to flyash feeder 52 in the stirrer 11.
Other device constitutes identical with above-mentioned first kind of embodiment.
＜manufacturing installation 〉
Use the manufacturing installation of above-mentioned porous insert to make porous insert, in above-mentioned main raw material slurry manufacturing installation 50, flyash 1 is transported to thermal treater 56 from flyash storage vault 55, after this flyash 1 heat-treated (500～700 ℃), this flyash 1 is supplied in the flyash feeder 52, from the heat treated flyash 1 of flyash feeder 52 meterings, supply in the stirrer 11, simultaneously from cement supply device 13, water supply device 14 measures cement 2 respectively, water 3, supply in the stirrer 11, by in stirrer 11, mixing, make main raw material slurry 4.
Below, same with the situation of above-mentioned first kind of embodiment, make porous insert 9.
That is, in above-mentioned first kind of embodiment, directly use flyash 1, in the present embodiment, can after heat treated (500～700 ℃) flyash 1, use.
Its reason is, flyash 1 contains few unburned carbon component, content according to its unburned carbon contained composition, from grey to the black tone difference, therefore, by under said temperature, flyash 1 being heat-treated the unburned carbon contained composition perfect combustion in the flyash 1, with flyash 1 whitening, be adjusted to the tone of homogeneous.
Thus, porous insert 9 tones of manufacturing are certain light color system, therefore, even under the situation of coating surface, irregular colour etc. do not take place yet.
And, according to the present embodiment, can obtain the effect identical certainly with the situation of above-mentioned first kind of embodiment, can also adjust the color of porous insert 9, therefore, the purpose that enlarges porous insert 9 purposes can be reached, and the usability again of flyash 1 can be further improved.
If the thermal treatment temp of flyash 1 is less than 500 ℃, it is above-mentioned unburned carbon contained fully to burn, if surpassed 700 ℃, ferrous components contained in the flyash 1 is oxidized, and flyash 1 becomes red colour system, therefore bad.
[embodiment]
In order to confirm effect of the present invention, based on above-mentioned first kind of embodiment, make porous insert (test body 1～4) under the condition below, changed the main raw material slurry concentration comparison test (relatively body 1,2), changed the comparison test (relatively body 3,4) of whipping agent and at the comparison test (relatively body 5) of commercially available ALC.
Making test body 1～4 and body 3,4 o'clock relatively, in the operation of solidifying the foaming slurry, under 180 ℃ temperature condition, carry out hot pressing maintenance,
＜test body 1 (low viscosity low-density) 〉
" main raw material slurry "
The ratio of flyash in the main raw material: 70 weight %
The ratio of cement in the main raw material: 30 weight %
Main raw material slurry viscosity: 350～400cP
" foaming slurry "
The mesh aperture of mesh body: 1.5mm
Whipping agent: hydrolysis of keratin
Expansion ratio: 18～20 times
Foaming slurry density: 0.79～0.81g/cm
3
＜test body 2 (high viscosity low-density) 〉
" main raw material slurry "
Main raw material slurry viscosity: 950～1000cP
Other is identical with test body 1
" foaming slurry "
Identical with test body 1
＜test body 3 (low viscosity high-density body) 〉
" main raw material slurry "
Identical with test body 1
" foaming slurry "
Foaming slurry density: 1.11～1.15g/cm
3
Other is identical with test body 1
＜test body 4 (high viscosity high density body) 〉
" main raw material slurry "
Identical with test body 2
" foaming slurry "
Identical with test body 3
＜comparison body 1 (not enough viscosity lower value) 〉
" main raw material slurry "
Main raw material slurry viscosity: 100cP
Other is identical with test body 1
" foaming slurry "
Identical with test body 1
＜comparison body 2 (surpassing the viscosity higher limit) 〉
" main raw material slurry "
Main raw material slurry viscosity: 1300cP
Other is identical with test body 1
" foaming slurry "
Identical with test body 1
＜comparison body 3 (use anion surfactant) 〉
" main raw material slurry "
Identical with test body 1
" foaming slurry "
Whipping agent: anion surfactant
Other is identical with test body 1
＜comparison body 4 (using PVA) 〉
" main raw material slurry "
Identical with test body 1
" foaming slurry "
Whipping agent: polyvinyl alcohol
Other is identical with test body 1
＜comparison body 5 (commercially available product) 〉
Use commercially available ALC (trade(brand)name: ヘ-ベ Le, building materials company of Asahi Chemical Industry)
Measure test body of making based on above-mentioned condition 1～4 and density, the mean value of air vent aperture, the stress under compression that compares body 1～5 respectively, the result represents at table 1.
Table 1
| ?No. | Density (g/cm 3) | Bubble footpath (mm) | Stress (kg/cm 2) |
| Examination 1 examination 2 examinations 3 examinations 4 | ?0.54 ?0.55 ?0.76 ?0.78 | ?0.3 ?0.3 ?0.4 ?0.4 | ?34.0 ?36.0 ?61.0 ?65.0 |
| Than 1 to 2 to 3 to 4 to 5 | ?0.45 ?0.65 ?0.65 ?0.55 ?0.58 | ?0.5 ?0.2 ?0.2 ?2.0 ?1.0 | ?12.5 ?23.6 ?18.5 ?21.5 ?39.6 |
By table 1 as seen, test body 1～4 all is better than comparative example 1～4, and is even compare with comparing 5 (commercially available ALC), also not a halfpenny the worse.
In order to study porous insert constructed in accordance and the property difference of commercially available ALC, to make the porous insert (test body 5) that obtains and the commercially available following mensuration characteristic of ALC (comparison body 6) below under the condition based on above-mentioned first kind of embodiment.
＜test body 5 〉
" main raw material slurry "
The ratio of flyash in the main raw material: 70 weight %
The ratio of cement in the main raw material: 30 weight %
The blending ratio of water: with flyash and cement add up to 100 weight parts the time water blending ratio be 50 weight parts
The viscosity of main raw material slurry: 700cP
" foaming slurry "
The mesh aperture of mesh body: 1.5mm
Whipping agent: hydrolysis of keratin
The blending ratio of whipping agent: with flyash and cement add up to 100 weight parts the time whipping agent blending ratio be 4 weight parts
Expansion ratio: 18～20 times
Foaming slurry density: 0.79～0.81g/cm
3
" condition of cure of foaming slurry "
180 ℃ of following hot pressing maintenances of 2 hours
" density, air vent aperture, stress under compression "
The density of the test body 5 that obtains is 0.55g/cm
3, air vent aperture is 1.0mm to the maximum, average out to 0.5mm, and stress under compression is 3.62MPa.
" freezing to melt "
To the test body 5 that obtains, by freezing to melt test based on the test method of building association benchmark (JSCE-G 501-1999).
As a result, process cycle number 55 times, dynamic modulus of elasticity just drops to building association specified reference value promptly below 60% relatively.
" typified form flexural strength "
To the test body 5 that obtains, the flexural strength of research when having imbedded the typified form of reinforcing bar.Promptly.When solidifying the foaming slurry, be configured as the cubic column typified form 61 of having imbedded 4 one group reinforcing bar (line footpath 6mm) 60 as shown in Figure 5.Adopt bend test device (jaw type (Network ロ ス ヘ Star De イ Block) AM-70-2, red department motor corporate system) to carry out three point bending test to the typified form 61 that obtains.
As a result, be 2.25MPa at length of support rupture stress during the bend fixing template under the condition of 400mm.
" 800 ℃ add thermal distortion "
Downcut the test film that constitutes by 3mm * 4mm * 19mm rectangular parallelepiped from the test body 5 that obtains, adopt polar expansion testing apparatus (Thermo System WS002, mark's science (マ Star Network サ イ エ Application ス) corporate system) research to impose the variation of the linear expansivity when 5 ℃ are warmed up to the temperature variation that cools to 5 ℃ after 800 ℃ immediately to this test film.Heat-up rate and cooling rate are 5 ℃/minute.
As a result, along with temperature rises, test film expands, then, along with temperature descends, test film shrinks, before changing temperature and after heating up, lowering the temperature, the size of test film does not change, and can think to have good dimensional stability with respect to temperature variation.
" anti-shock heating property "
Downcut the test film of the cubes formation of 100mm * 100mm * 100mm from the test body 5 that obtains, this test film is put into 105 ℃ drying oven under the saturation state of water ratio 20 weight %.From 10 test films being put into the drying oven beginning after 72 hours, the water ratio of test film is reduced to 2 weight %, does not have the disruptive test film.
＜comparison body 6 (commercially available product) 〉
To commercially available ALC (trade(brand)name: ヘ-ベ Le, Asahi Chemical Industry's building materials corporate system) and above-mentioned test body 5 same test various characteristicses.
" density, air vent aperture, stress under compression "
The density of the test body 6 that obtains is 0.55g/cm
3, air vent aperture is 3.0mm to the maximum, average out to 1.5mm, and stress under compression is 3.43MPa.
" freezing to melt "
Process cycle number 5 times, dynamic modulus of elasticity just drops to below 40% relatively, and being significantly less than building association specified reference value is 60%.
" typified form flexural strength "
Employing is 6 that make by body relatively, imbedded the cubic column typified form 61 of 4 one group reinforcing bar 60 as shown in Figure 5, the research flexural strength, and rupture stress is 1.47MPa.
" 800 ℃ add thermal distortion "
Before changing temperature and after heating up, lowering the temperature, the dimensional contraction of test film 20 microns.
" anti-shock heating property "
After 10 of the test films of water ratio 20 weight % were put into drying oven, at 105 ℃ after following 60 minutes, all test films all had crackle.
＜test body 6 〉
In above-mentioned test body 5, except the condition of cure of the slurry that will foam is changed into 110 ℃ of following hot pressing maintenances of 2 hours, make porous insert equally.
The density of the test body 6 that obtains is identical with test body 5 with air vent aperture, stress under compression 3.13MPa.
＜test body 7 〉
In above-mentioned test body 5, change into except the condition of cure of the slurry that will foam and to place at normal temperatures 90 days, make porous insert equally.
The density of the test body 7 that obtains is identical with test body 5 with air vent aperture, and stress under compression is 3.04MPa.
The correlationship of the addition of＜whipping agent and the density of porous insert 〉
In order to study in manufacture method of the present invention, the relation of the density of the addition of whipping agent and the porous insert that obtains in the addition that changes whipping agent, is made porous insert.That is, with first kind of order that embodiment is same, make porous insert under the condition below.
" main raw material slurry "
The ratio of flyash in the main raw material: 70 weight %
The ratio of cement in the main raw material: 30 weight %
The blending ratio of water: with flyash and cement add up to 100 weight parts the time water blending ratio be 43 weight parts
The viscosity of main raw material slurry: 700cP
" foaming slurry "
The mesh aperture of mesh body: 1.5mm
Whipping agent: hydrolysis of keratin
The blending ratio of whipping agent: make with flyash and cement add up to 100 weight parts the time blending ratio of whipping agent such as following table 2 be shown in from 0.0 to 6.0 weight part scope in change
" condition of cure of foaming slurry "
180 ℃ of following hot pressing maintenances of 2 hours
Measure to add and the density of the foaming slurry that mixed foaming agent obtains and carry out the over dry density of the porous insert that hot pressing maintenance obtains.Result's table 2 expression below, the pass of the over dry density of the addition of whipping agent and slurry density and porous insert tie up in the curve of Fig. 6 to be represented.
Here, the over dry density of so-called porous insert is with porous insert dry body density of dry 3 days in adjusting to 105 ℃ drying machine.
Table 2
| The use level of whipping agent (mass parts) | Foaming slurry density (g/cm 3) | Over dry density (the g/cm of porous insert 3) |
| ????0.0 | ????1.72 | ????1.20 |
| ????1.6 | ????1.36 | ????0.94 |
| ????3.3 | ????1.10 | ????0.75 |
| ????6.0 | ????0.79 | ????0.53 |
By the result of table 2 and Fig. 6 as can be known, there is correlationship between the over dry density of the addition of whipping agent and slurry density and porous insert, along with the increase of whipping agent addition, the minimizing that is in line basically of the over dry density of slurry density and porous insert.Can think thus,, can be easy to and control freely the product density of porous insert by the addition of control whipping agent.
The invention effect
Because the manufacture method of porous body of the present invention has carried out the main material of flyash, cement and water are mixed the main material slurry manufacturing process that makes the main material slurry, by being that blowing agent mixes the foamed slurry manufacturing process that is manufactured on the alveolate foamed slurry of tool in this main material slurry with above-mentioned main material and the protein of foaming, with the porous body forming process with above-mentioned foamed slurry maintenance and curing, therefore can make and have sufficient intensity, and can realize using with not using flyash the porous body of the existing powders such as silica part or pulverized limestone to compare the porous body of not a halfpenny the worse performance. Therefore, even the porous body take flyash as main component also can present enough intensity, therefore, can reach to enlarge and utilize the purpose of flyash, and can improve the recycling of flyash.
In the manufacture method of porous body of the present invention, preferably above-mentioned main material is mixed with above-mentioned water, so that the viscosity of above-mentioned main material slurry is 200～1200cP, thus, can at an easy rate bubble suitably be imported in the main material slurry, can make best porous body.
In porous body manufacture method of the present invention, the ratio of the above-mentioned flyash in the preferred above-mentioned main material is 60～80 % by weight, the ratio of the above-mentioned cement in the above-mentioned main material is 20～40 % by weight, thus, can not reduce the physics value of porous body and has fully used flyash.
In the manufacture method of porous body of the present invention, above-mentioned flyash can be heat-treated under 500～700 ℃ temperature, can change thus the tone of the porous body of manufacturing, reaches the purpose that enlarges the porous body purposes, improves the recycling of flyash.
In the manufacture method of porous body of the present invention, preferably the above-mentioned protein with above-mentioned main material slurry and foaming is that blowing agent mixes, so that the density of above-mentioned foamed slurry is 0.7～1.5g/cm3, thus, the density that can make at an easy rate the porous body of manufacturing is 0.3～1.0g/cm3。
In the manufacture method of porous body of the present invention, above-mentioned protein is preferably hydrolysis of keratin of blowing agent, thus, can guarantee to obtain the various effects that the manufacture method by the invention described above porous body obtains.
Because foam device of the present invention has: mixed protein is the mixing transportation means of blowing agent and air and conveying, with the above-mentioned protein that will mix by the mesh body be the jet tools that blowing agent and above-mentioned air spray, therefore, can make at an easy rate the Air Bubble Size homogenization of generation.
In foam device of the present invention, the mesh aperture of above-mentioned mesh body is preferably 1～2mm, can generate thus the bubble of preferred size.
In foam device of the present invention, above-mentioned protein is preferably hydrolysis of keratin of blowing agent, thus, can make most preferred bubble when the porous body of making take flyash as main component.
Porous body of the present invention be main material slurry that mixed powder coal ash, cement and water are formed with the protein of foaming be blowing agent mixes formation, the alveolate foamed slurry curing of tool obtains, therefore, use Cab-O-sil to compare with the porous body of the existing powders such as pulverized limestone with not using flyash and have not a halfpenny the worse sufficient intensity. And, freeze to melt, typified form bending strength, 800 ℃ add thermal deformation and each characteristic aspect of anti-shock heating property is good, and be high as the practicality of building materials.
In porous body of the present invention, in the total amount of above-mentioned fly ash content and above-mentioned cement content, the ratio of preferred above-mentioned flyash is 60～80 % by weight, the ratio of above-mentioned cement is 20～40 % by weight, thus, in the utilization rate that improves flyash, can obtain the good porous body of physics value.
In porous body of the present invention, above-mentioned flyash can be heat-treated under 500～700 ℃ temperature, and the tone that can make thus porous body is light color system, can also control the tone inequality.
In porous body of the present invention, average air vent aperture is preferably 0.1～0.5mm, can obtain thus porous body fine and close, that freeze function admirables such as melting.
In porous body of the present invention, preferred density is 0.3～1.0g/cm3, can access thus can be as the substitute of light weight building materials or the porous body of wood substitutes.
In porous body of the present invention, above-mentioned protein is blowing agent selective hydrolysis keratin, thus, can guarantee to obtain the various effects that obtain by the invention described above porous body.
Claims (16)
1, a kind of manufacture method of porous insert, it is characterized in that having: the main raw material and the water of flyash, cement are mixed the main raw material slurry manufacturing process that makes the main raw material slurry, by being that whipping agent mixes the foaming slurry manufacturing process that is manufactured on the foaming slurry that has bubble in this main raw material slurry and with maintenance of above-mentioned foaming slurry and solidified porous insert forming process with the above-mentioned main raw material and the protein of foaming.
2, the manufacture method of the porous insert of claim 1 record is characterized in that: above-mentioned main raw material is mixed with above-mentioned water, so that the viscosity of above-mentioned main raw material slurry is 200～1200cP.
3, the manufacture method of the porous insert of claim 1 record, it is characterized in that: the ratio of the above-mentioned flyash in the above-mentioned main raw material is 60～80 weight %, the ratio of the above-mentioned cement in the above-mentioned main raw material is 20～40 weight %.
4, the manufacture method of the porous insert of claim 1 record, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned flyash is heat-treated under 500～700 ℃ temperature.
5, the manufacture method of the porous insert of claim 1 record is characterized in that: with the above-mentioned protein of above-mentioned main raw material slurry and foaming is that whipping agent mixes, so that the density of above-mentioned foaming slurry is 0.7～1.5g/cm
3
6, the manufacture method of the porous insert of claim 1 record, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned protein is that whipping agent is a hydrolysis of keratin.
7, the manufacture method of the porous insert of claim 3 record is characterized in that the some or all of of 20～40 weight % of the ratio of above-mentioned cement replaced by calcareous raw materials such as lime, gypsum, slaked lime, lime carbonate.
8, a kind of foam device is characterized in that: have mixing protein and be whipping agent and air and the mixing transportation means of carrying and be the jet tools of whipping agent and above-mentioned air spray by the mesh body with the above-mentioned protein of blended.
9, the foam device of claim 8 record, it is characterized in that: the mesh aperture of above-mentioned mesh body is 1～2mm.
10, the foam device of claim 8 record, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned protein is that whipping agent is a hydrolysis of keratin.
11, a kind of porous insert is characterized in that: the main raw material slurry that powder mix coal ash, cement and water are formed is that whipping agent mixes the foaming slurry curing that forms, have bubble with the protein of foaming.
12, the porous insert of claim 11 record, it is characterized in that: in the total amount of above-mentioned flyash content and above-mentioned cement content, the ratio of above-mentioned flyash is 60～80 weight %, and the ratio of above-mentioned cement is 20～40 weight %.
13, the porous insert of claim 11 record, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned flyash is the person of heat-treating under 500～700 ℃ temperature.
14, the porous insert of claim 11 record is characterized in that: average air vent aperture is 0.1～0.5mm.
15, the porous insert of claim 11 record, it is characterized in that: density is 0.3～1.0g/cm
3
16, the porous insert of claim 11 record, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned protein is that whipping agent is a hydrolysis of keratin.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001365834 | 2001-11-30 | ||
| JP365834/2001 | 2001-11-30 | ||
| JP2002317570 | 2002-10-31 | ||
| JP317570/2002 | 2002-10-31 |
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| CN1421419A true CN1421419A (en) | 2003-06-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN02152990A Pending CN1421419A (en) | 2001-11-30 | 2002-11-29 | Porous body, its producing process & foaming apparatus used for the same production |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102040362A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-05-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Foam concrete material made of waste cement plaster, concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN102336554A (en) * | 2011-06-25 | 2012-02-01 | 南京工业大学 | Cement-based lightweight porous thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103230621A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-08-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | Preparation method of high-connectivity porous support |
| CN104526886A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-04-22 | 沈阳理工大学 | Foaming machine for wave-absorbing cement |
| CN108404699A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-17 | 埃尔微尘科技（北京）有限公司 | A kind of Liqiud-gas mixing device |
-
2002
- 2002-11-29 CN CN02152990A patent/CN1421419A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102040362A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-05-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Foam concrete material made of waste cement plaster, concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN102336554A (en) * | 2011-06-25 | 2012-02-01 | 南京工业大学 | Cement-based lightweight porous thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103230621A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-08-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | Preparation method of high-connectivity porous support |
| CN104526886A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-04-22 | 沈阳理工大学 | Foaming machine for wave-absorbing cement |
| CN108404699A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-17 | 埃尔微尘科技（北京）有限公司 | A kind of Liqiud-gas mixing device |
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