CN1421278A - Laminar flow plasma spraying equipment and method - Google Patents
Laminar flow plasma spraying equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1421278A CN1421278A CN01139772A CN01139772A CN1421278A CN 1421278 A CN1421278 A CN 1421278A CN 01139772 A CN01139772 A CN 01139772A CN 01139772 A CN01139772 A CN 01139772A CN 1421278 A CN1421278 A CN 1421278A
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Abstract
The present invention is laminar flow plasma spraying equipment and method. A laminator flow plasma generator with different powder feeding modes, inside the gun or outside the gun and single port or multiple ports, is used. While maintaining the laminar flow plasma jetting state in small power, air flow rate is increased to raise the heat efficiency of the jet. According to powder sort, material property and particle size, proper jet energy and distribution and carrying air flow rate are selected to obtain high-quality coating. The present invention has les sintroduced impurity, high jet energy utilization, capacity of spraying high-smelting point coating at relatively low power condition, less oxidation of non-oxide coating and full heating of the powder material.
Description
Technical field
The method and apparatus that the present invention relates to utilize long straight laminar flow arc-plasma to spray.This method and apparatus can spray the coating of high-melting-point material under the condition of low input power, effectively control coating structure, improves deposition.
Background technology
The hot plasma jet that is used at present spray is generally the turbulent flow state, changes spray gun structure and produces parameter, can only change the energy density of jet to a certain extent, is difficult to obviously change significantly the Energy distribution of jet.For specific spray gun, in available plasma generation parameter area, jet length changes little.This is can form serious entrainmenting to cold air on every side owing to be in the jet of turbulence state, the energy of jet is very fast dissipate in mixing of cold air on every side, so that effective high-temperature region of jet is very short, the air velocity of high-temperature region is very high in addition, when being used to spray, inject jet powder granule be heated the path and the time all very short.So when it is used to spray the coating of high-melting-point material, need to adopt powerful paint finishing.
Different with it, the outlet temperature and the turbulent jet of long arc Laminar Plasma Jet are suitable, but air-flow velocity is about turbulent jet half.Jet length can produce the change of condition according to air pressure, throughput, gaseous species and input power etc., significant change in the wide scope of 8～100cm, and arc length and its diameter ratio surpass 70.Therefore, powder granule infeeds Laminar Plasma Jet, improves an order of magnitude in the delay of its high-temperature region and the time that is heated under all than turbulent jet condition.Yet, control the plasma jet that produces high length-diameter ratio, need each factor in the balance control production process, there is much still unsolved key issue in correlation technique.The applicant had before proposed the application for a patent for invention (patent of invention number: 99121825.6) of " producing the device and method of long-arc plasma jet ", to carry out plasma spray coating with this jet, also need to improve the thermal efficiency, the solution that produce jet and evenly infeed problems such as jet high-temperature region for the issuable upset of powder gas on jet down to its Laminar Flow state of destruction, with various powder granules.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to provide long straight laminar flow arc plasma spraying apparatus and method.Be pressed onto 20 holder low pressure scopes by atmosphere in, to produce the stable straight Laminar Plasma Jet of length far below conventional turbulent plasma jet spraying power demand.In long straight laminar flow arc plasma jet, implement evenly to supply powder in a variety of forms, realize the preparation of various material high-quality spray-on coatings.
Technical scheme of the present invention is to hold the influence of factors such as throughput and input power to the Laminar Plasma Jet stable state and the thermal efficiency.Improve throughput keeping under the condition of Laminar Flow, to improve the thermal efficiency of jet, the power conversion of power supply input is the energy of gaseous arc, except that to the heat radiation of generator and cooling system, the heat energy of generator exports place jet surpasses 40%, under the situation of using argon gas, the maximum temperature of spray gun exit jet is about 12000K.Guarantee the gas flow temperature when spray gun exit air-flow maximum temperature is not less than general turbulent jet spraying; And then adopt in the rifle of different angles, rifle is outer, single port and many confessions powder, cooperates suitable powder to carry gas flow, can powder particle be infeeded the jet high-temperature region not destroying under the jet layer stream mode situation; Can be designed to stepped ramp type for anode spout under the powder situation in the rifle.Near the generator exports end larger caliber is arranged.Its inwall side has one or equally distributed several of hoop and becomes the powder supply port of different angles with jet axis; According to the kind and the character of spraying powder, as proportion, fusing point and grain diameter and distribution etc., adjust the energy and the distribution of jet, determine best spraying parameter, reach the quality coating of the various dusty materials of spraying under the small-power condition; Simultaneously, to the quality coating preparation of oxidizable material, can adopt decompression plasma spray coating technology.At this moment, but the adapted bore reaches the spray gun of 30mm, obtains the high temperature Laminar Plasma Jet that diameter increases 3～5 times.
Laminar flow plasma spraying equipment of the present invention, the circuit control operation part that comprises a direct current power supply and link with it, the sample platform and the transmission system of one rotatable or translation, but one places the withdraw-type baffle plate between spray gun and the quilt spray part, an one gas flow control section and a plasma generator (being spray gun) that links with it, a powder feeder and an air exchange system that links with generator.Water-cooled vacuum cavity and pumped vacuum systems only need under the situation of decompression spraying.
Plasma generator is the straight laminar flow arc plasma jet of the length generator of being made up of main members such as negative electrode, interlude and anodes successively.The air feed of this generator has primary air and auxilliary air-flow.Primary air enters from the primary air inlet of opening at the starting the arc end in negative electrode and interlude gap, and auxilliary air-flow enters from the auxilliary air flow inlet at the interval of interlude and anode; Powder supply port divides in the rifle and two kinds of outer powder supply ports of rifle, and single hole and two kinds of forms of porous are all arranged.Powder supply port is opened in anode spout interior sidewall surface in the rifle; Rifle uses nozzle during outward for the powder single hole.Use flow splitter during the porous mouth.This flow splitter and spray gun anode spout keep insulation.The size of the design of plasma generator and anode nozzle diameter should change according to the different of service condition.Under decompression or increase power condition, can use heavy caliber anode generator.Otherwise then to use small-bore anode generator.
In apparatus of the present invention, anode is a step, in 1～5 rifle powder supply port on the sidewall of anode, and with the angle of jet axis be-20 °～50 °.
In apparatus of the present invention, the outer powder supply port of rifle that is located on the flow splitter has 3～7, and with the angle of jet axis be-30 °～40 °; When the outer powder supply port of rifle is single hole, this single hole be directly install for the tube cell front end for the powder mouth.
In apparatus of the present invention, the protective gas ring that can infeed inert protective gas is housed near laminar flow plasma anode spout.Between laminar flow plasma generator and the quilt sample that sprays the baffle plate that can remove is arranged.
Laminar flow plasma spraying method of the present invention is to adopt laminar flow plasma spraying equipment of the present invention to implement.Wherein plasma fluid generator (being spray gun) is to decide arc length formula laminar flow arc plasma jet generator by what negative electrode, interlude and anode were formed successively.Control gas flow and input power are to produce the straight laminar flow electric arc of stable length Laminar Plasma Jet.Keep under the Laminar Plasma Jet state in small-power and to improve the thermal efficiency that gas flow can increase jet; According to spraying powder kind, material character and grain diameter and distribution, select or adjust the energy and the distribution thereof of jet; Adopt in the rifle or the outer single port of rifle or many confessions powder form, or adopt and add rifle in the rifle and make up outward, cooperates suitable powder to carry gas flow, the various powder body materials of spraying under the small-power condition, and acquisition quality coating for the powder form.
Laminar flow plasma spraying method of the present invention when the spraying oxidizable material, adopts the decompression plasma spray coating, and selects large diameter anode spout for use.
In the inventive method, jet generally is no more than 400m/s in the high gas flow speed in plasma fluid generator exit under atmospheric pressure, and jet diameter is generally less than 15mm, and jet length is less than 700mm.
In the inventive method, be pressed onto at atmosphere under the air pressure conditions of 20 holders, the length of plasma jet is adjusted in 20～100cm scope, and the diameter of jet is adjusted in 5～30mm scope, and output power of power supply generally just can satisfy the spraying condition of various powders substantially below 15kW.
In the inventive method,, be difficult for heated powder body material to the high-melting-point material powder, or the difficult powder that infeeds the jet high-temperature region, adopt and supply the powder form in the rifle, the angle of powder supply port and powder supply port and jet axis in the rifle of selection proper number.
In the inventive method,, adopt rifle to supply the powder mode outward to low melting point powder, easily fusing and materials evaporated or send into the powder of jet high-temperature region easily.Select the outer powder supply port of rifle of proper number and the angle of powder supply port and jet axis.
In the inventive method,, adopt in the different rifles or rifle supplies the powder mode outward, or add rifle in the rifle and make up outward, infeed plasma jet at different positions with different parameters for the powder mode for the preparation of composite coating or gradient distribution coating.
In the inventive method, under atmospheric pressure,,, near laminar flow plasma generator anode spout, install additional and protect ring and sleeve, also can infeed inert protective gas for preventing coating and workpiece oxidation according to sprayed on material and coating quality requirement.
The effect and the characteristics of laminar flow plasma spraying equipment of the present invention and method are that the big I of the design of plasma generator and anode bore changes according to the different of service condition.Under decompression or increase power condition, can use the heavy caliber generator.Otherwise can use the anode spout of minor diameter; At high-melting-point or be difficult for being heated or the spraying process of the difficult powder body material that infeeds the jet high-temperature region in, the anode for powder in the rifle can adopt staircase structural model.Having 1～5 powder supplying hole on its interior sidewall surface does not wait.Distribute according to powder kind and particle diameter, powder supply port and jet axis angle can change between-20 °～50 °, and powder is infeeded in the jet high-temperature region; Rifle is outward for adopting single hole and porous for the powder mode under the powder situation.Single hole is directly to install for the powder mouth for the tube cell front end for powder.Porous is by for tube cell powder being infeeded in the powder flow splitter for powder.This ring inboard evenly has 3～7 powder supply ports.Insulate between flow splitter and generator anode.According to powder body material performance and flowability, the angle of powder supply port and jet axis can suitably be selected between-30 °～40 °.
Laminar Plasma Jet spraying technology of the present invention and method are according to dusty material performance, kind and particle diameter, are pressed onto under the 20 holder low air pressure conditions at atmosphere, adjust plasma jet length and adjust jet diameter in 5～30mm scope in 20～100cm scope.Be lower than under the condition of 15kW at power supply discrepancy power, guarantee that the maximum temperature of spray gun exit gas is not less than the maximum temperature of turbulent jet outlet.For powder modes can effectively melt various powder particles, the quality coating of spraying high-melting-point material by different in the selection rifle outward with rifle; If in the spraying working gas, add nitrogen, can also improve the enthalpy of gas and increase jet length; Test result shows: jet generally is no more than 400m/s in the high gas flow speed in spray gun exit.Therefore, powder granule is about an order of magnitude in comparable turbulent jet spraying of the holdup time of laminar jet high-temperature region time delay; Because laminar jet is subjected to the disturbance of environmental gas and entrainments function influence far below turbulent jet, therefore, the influence of negative factor such as reduced that obviously air gas mixture blending and impurity in base material preheating and the spraying process are involved in.Help improving the interface power of coating quality and coating material and workpiece; If anode spout place installs protective sleeve additional and protection gas is supplied with ring, can more effectively control the oxidation of air gas mixture to particle and base material in the blending of working gas jet and the spraying process.And can obviously improve or regulate base material preheat temperature scope.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a decompression laminar flow arc plasma spraying apparatus system schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the graph of a relation that jet length changes with arc current under the atmospheric pressure.
Fig. 3 be under the atmospheric pressure jet length with the variation relation figure of throughput.
Fig. 4 is for powder anode spout structure sketch in the rifle.
Fig. 5 is that the outer porous of rifle is for powder modular construction sketch.
The specific embodiment
Describe the embodiment of apparatus of the present invention and method in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, laminar flow plasma spraying equipment of the present invention comprises spray coating mechanical part 100 and water power source of the gas 300 two large divisions.In the spray coating mechanical part 100, parts such as plasma generator 20, rotary sample platform 30, water-cooled filter 40, damper shaft 50 and powder-supply system 60 are installed directly on the vacuum cavity 10.In the water power source of the gas 300, switch board 70 is control centres of spraying operation.Comprise mass flowmenter and the display 71 of controlling gas flow, the devices such as controller 72, power switch 73 and cooling water control valve 74 that supply powder gas flow and powder mass flow.Can carry out the control of source of the gas 81, power supply 82, powder 83 and cooling water 84 easily in the spraying.Two-wire 85 is schematically represented the required power line of whole device, snorkel, is supplied tube cell and cooling water pipe etc.
As seen from Figure 1, under decompression spraying condition, G-interface 4, observation window 5, powder supplying hole 7 and water-cooled filter interface 8 etc. are arranged on the circular cylindrical cavity 1; Pore 11 is also arranged on the front shroud 2.Plasma generator 20 is installed on the G-interface 12 on it.Rotary sample platform 30 is installed on the centre bore 14 by sleeve 13, and has excellent sealing performance under the situation of rotating at the same time and moving.Water-cooled filter 40 is installed between circular cylindrical cavity 1 and the mechanical pump; The central axes of the central shaft of damper shaft 50 and interface 4; Powder-supply system 60 is by vacuum cavity 15, powder feeder 16, confession tube cell 17, support 18 and supply powder mouth 19 to form.Gravity is realized for powder in the top that can be placed on circular cylindrical cavity 1 during work, or is positioned over other places and carries minimum gas for powder.Can be connected anode spout 22 different parts for powder mouth 19, realize in the rifle or the outer different modes of rifle for powder.Or will realize that rifle supplies powder outward for the place ahead that powder mouth 19 is installed in spout 22 by bindiny mechanism.Whole spray coating mechanical part 100 is supported on the adjustable support of levelness 23.
The graph of a relation that it is working gas that Fig. 2 provides under the atmospheric pressure with the straight argon, jet length changes with arc current when using diameter as the anode spout of 4mm.Explanation is under the condition of certain throughput, the length of Laminar Plasma Jet increases with the increase of arc current, that is to say under the constant situation of throughput, as long as under low arc current condition, produce Laminar Plasma Jet, improve arc current afterwards merely, in sizable scope, the jet flow regime can not take place by the transformation of laminar flow to turbulent flow.
Fig. 3 provides be working gas with the straight argon under the atmospheric pressure, jet length changes with gas flow when using diameter as the anode spout of 4mm graph of a relation.Be lower than 180cm in throughput
3In the scope of/s, the length of jet increases with the increase of throughput, is surpassing 210cm
3Under the situation of/s, the length of jet shortens suddenly, this correspondence be that the flow regime of jet changes the very big turbulence state of fluctuation into by stable Laminar Flow, jet seriously develops the blending of entrainmenting of ambient cold air, causes the energy attenuation of jet very fast.At the transition point place, the energy of jet is 3.7kW, can estimate the straight argon plasma jet and be about 370 by laminar flow to the critical Reynolds number of turbulence transition.This shows, under the condition of rational spray gun structure and production method, no matter change throughput, arc current, anode nozzle diameter or other relevant plasma jet and produce parameter, as long as its comprehensive effect makes the Reynolds number of air-flow be no more than this critical value, just can guarantee that plasma jet is stable laminar condition.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of anode spout when supplying the powder spraying in the rifle.Its main member has anode 210, confession tube cell 220 and the connecting ring 230 of laminar flow plasma generator.Annular is arranged for powder groove 215 on anode 210 spouts 214.Have in it along equally distributed several powder supplying holes 216 of circumference.Powder supplying hole 237 and seal groove 238 are arranged on the connecting ring 230.Anode 210 is connected by screw thread 239 with connecting ring 230.During powder 221 entered plasma jet 212 in the anode spout 214 along powder supplying hole 216 when the sealing function of round section joint ring 235 had been guaranteed spraying.The axis of powder supplying hole and the angle of jet axis can change in-20 °～50 ° scopes according to conditions such as sprayed on material.The powder supplying hole exit position also can move to position shown in Fig. 4 dotted line 222.
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of anode spout when porous is for the powder spraying outside the rifle.Its main member has anode 250, the confession tube cell 260 of laminar flow plasma generator and supplies powder ring 270.Support ring 254 is fixed on the anode 250 by electric insulation fitting-up bolt 255.Pole 256 and fixing by pin 257,258 respectively for tube cell 260.Be connected on the tube cell 260 by screw thread and cushion rubber for powder ring 270.Parallel mobile pole 256 and the mobile tube cell 260 that supplies can be regulated the position of leaving muzzle for powder ring 270.The powder supplying hole mouth can become-30 °～40 ° with jet axis.
When laminar flow plasma spraying equipment of the present invention and method operation, spray gun anode nozzle diameter is with the size of spraying environmental pressure and power demand, in 4～30mm range.Corresponding spray gun other parts structure is according to anode nozzle diameter size respective change by a certain percentage; According to spraying powder material and different requirements to coating quality, can change throughput and input power, realize the reallocation of Laminar Plasma Jet length, gross energy and energy density.Cooperate suitable confession powder mode, reach best spraying effect; To the powder of high-melting-point material, be difficult for heated powder body material, difficult for the powder of going into the jet high-temperature region, adopt in the rifle for the powder form, select suitable powder supply port number and with the angle of jet axis; To low melting point powder, easily fusing or evaporating materials or send into the powder of jet high-temperature region easily, adopt rifle to supply the mode of powder outward; Preparation for composite coating or gradient coating, supply powder mode and parameter that need not be common infeed powder compound or that mix, but take the different powder modes that supplies by different positions powder to be infeeded plasma jet with parameter, guarantee that the powder of different material and granularity has best fusing and deposition situation respectively; According to actual sprayed on material with to the requirement of coating quality, under atmospheric pressure, or really need prevent under the situation of coating and workpiece oxidation, need near spout, add the protection compression ring and infeed inert protective gas.
Apparatus of the present invention and method are according to the kind of spraying powder, particle diameter, requirement to coating quality, be pressed onto at atmosphere under the condition of 20 holder air pressure, in 20～100cm scope, adjust plasma jet length, in 5～30mm scope, adjust jet diameter, under the condition of the low power supply discrepancy power below the 15kW, outlet maximum temperature when the maximum temperature of guaranteeing spray gun exit gas is not less than general turbulent jet spraying, jet generally is no more than 400m/s in the high gas flow speed in spray gun exit under atmospheric pressure, the holdup time of powder granule in long shot stream high-temperature region, comparable general turbulent jet spraying time delay was about an order of magnitude, effectively sprayed the quality coating of various materials.
Embodiment one, decompression Laminar Plasma Jet are carried out the preparation of zirconia ceramics or aluminum oxide coating on the stainless steel substrate surface.The spraying of table 1 experiment parameter, powder feeding gas Ar powder feeding gas flow (cm
3/ s) 8 general gas flow (cm
3/ s) 180 vacuum cavity air pressure (Pa) 1.3 * 10
4Input power (kW)＜8 deposition distance (mm) 200～220 substrate initial temperatures (K) 600～900
In the embodiment of the invention, base material is the 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel.Powder is ZrO
2-8mol%Y
2O
3Ceramic powders, its grain graininess is less than 25 μ m.The anode export diameter is 20mm.Laminar jet length reaches 600mm, and diameter is about 25mm.Relevant spraying experiment parameter is listed in the table 1.
Produce after the stable Laminar Plasma Jet, connect powder feeding gas air valve and powder feeder power switch and carry out powder feeding, realize the laminar flow plasma spraying.Among the present invention the powder feeder structure has been carried out technological improvement.No matter be in the rifle or the outer powder feeding of rifle, both can carry out the powder feeding that granularity is 25～75 μ m ordinary powders, also realized the even powder feeding of granularity less than 25 μ m fine powders.The application of fine powder helps realizing under the low-power plasma jet state, the preparation of high-melting-point dusty material coating.In this way and the device, can input power less than the condition of 8kW under the spraying melting point be about 2600 ℃ zirconia high-melting-point ceramic coating.Obtained general spraying coating process grain structure refinement and the little quality coating of porosity, and the phase constitution structure of coating is identical with powder.
Embodiment two, atmospheric pressure Laminar Plasma Jet are carried out material surface metal or ceramic coating preparation.Workpiece can be contained on the knife rest and workpiece clamp of lathe, and the transmission device that utilizes lathe is as the workpiece gear frame.The generator exports diameter is 6mm.At output power of power supply is 9kW, general gas flow 200cm
3Under the argon plasma jet condition of/s, be 6cm for the powder throughput
3/ s.Adopt rifle to supply powder outward.Particle diameter can infeed the jet high-temperature region less than the alumina powder of 100 μ m and particle diameter less than the yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconium oxide powder of 25 μ m, has obtained sufficient fusing.
The preparation of embodiment three, composite coating material and gradient coating.
Base material is the 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel in the embodiment of the invention.A kind of powder is ZrO
2-8mol%Y
2O
3Ceramic powders, its grain graininess is less than 25 μ m.Another kind of powder is NiCrAlY
2O
3Powder, its grain graininess is less than 25～75 μ m.The anode export diameter is 20mm.Laminar jet length reaches 600mm, and diameter is about 25mm.Relevant spraying experiment parameter is listed in the table 1.
Produce after the stable Laminar Plasma Jet, connect powder feeding gas air valve and powder feeder power switch and carry out powder feeding, realize the laminar flow plasma spraying.ZrO
2-8mol%Y
2O
3Ceramic powders adopts gun internal powder conveying, NiCrAlY
2O
3The outer powder feeding of powered guns.When the preparation composite coating, the powder sending quantity of two kinds of powder is remained unchanged.When a kind of powder sending quantity wherein is zero, coating that can this kind powder.When another kind of powder sending quantity is zero, can get the coating of another kind of powder.When adjusting the ratio of two kinds of powder sending quantities, can be by the mixed coating of two kinds of powder.Can prepare composite coating like this; If in spraying process the powder sending quantity of two kinds of powder is adjusted continuously by certain rule, and keep a minimizing, another increase then can be prepared powder composition continually varying gradient coating.
Claims (12)
1. laminar flow plasma spraying equipment, comprise a dc source and a circuit control operation part that links with it, a gas flow control section and a plasma generator that links with it, a powder feeder and an air exchange system that links with plasma generator
It is characterized in that plasma generator wherein is to comprise the straight Laminar Plasma Jet generator of being made up of order continuous negative electrode, interlude and anode of length; The air feed of this generator has primary air and auxilliary air-flow, and primary air enters from the primary air inlet of opening at the starting the arc end in negative electrode and interlude gap, and auxilliary air-flow enters from the auxilliary air flow inlet at the interval of interlude and anode;
Powder supply port divides powder supply port and the outer powder supply port of rifle in the rifle, and single hole and two kinds of forms of porous are all arranged, and powder supply port is opened in anode spout interior sidewall surface in the rifle; Rifle uses flow splitter during outward for the powder porous.
2. laminar flow plasma spraying equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that anode wherein is a step, in 1～5 rifle powder supply port on the sidewall of anode, and with the angle of jet axis be-20 °～50 °.
3. laminar flow plasma spraying equipment according to claim 1, the outer powder supply port of rifle that it is characterized in that wherein being located on the flow splitter has 3～7, and with the angle of jet axis be-30 °～70 °.
4. laminar flow plasma spraying equipment according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that the outer powder supply port of rifle is single hole, this single hole be directly install for the tube cell front end for the powder mouth.
5. laminar flow plasma spraying equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that near can adorn protective sleeve laminar flow plasma generator anode spout or infeed inert protective gas protective gas ring.
6. a laminar flow plasma spraying method is characterized in that adopting laminar flow plasma spraying equipment, and the plasma fluid generator that matches improves the thermal efficiency that gas flow can increase jet keeping under the Laminar Plasma Jet state; According to spraying powder kind, material character and grain diameter and distribution, select or adjust the energy and the distribution thereof of jet; Adopt in the rifle or the outer single port of rifle or many confessions powder form, or adopt and add rifle in the rifle and make up outward, cooperates suitable powder to carry gas flow, the various powder body materials of spraying under the small-power condition, and acquisition quality coating for the powder form.
7. laminar flow plasma spraying method according to claim 6 is characterized in that adopting the decompression plasma spray coating, and selecting large diameter anode spout for use when the spraying oxidizable material.
8. laminar flow plasma spraying method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that being pressed onto under the air pressure conditions of 20 holders at atmosphere, the length of plasma jet is adjusted in 20～100cm scope, and the diameter of jet is adjusted in 5～30mm scope, and output power of power supply is below 15kW.
9. laminar flow plasma spraying method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that the high-melting-point material powder, be difficult for heated powder body material, or the difficult powder that infeeds the jet high-temperature region, adopt to supply the powder form in the rifle, select the interior powder supply port of rifle of proper number and the angle of powder supply port and jet axis.
10. laminar flow plasma spraying method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that low melting point powder, easily fusing and materials evaporated or send into the powder of jet high-temperature region easily, adopt rifle to supply the powder mode outward, select the outer powder supply port of rifle of proper number and the angle of powder supply port and jet axis.
11. laminar flow plasma spraying method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that preparation for composite coating or gradient distribution coating, adopt in the different rifles or rifle supplies the powder mode outward, or add rifle in the rifle and make up outward for the powder mode, infeed plasma jet with different parameters at different positions.
12. laminar flow plasma spraying method according to claim 6; it is characterized in that under atmospheric pressure; according to sprayed on material and coating quality requirement; for preventing coating and workpiece oxidation, near laminar flow plasma generator anode spout, install protective sleeve or gas ring additional and infeed inert protective gas.
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2001
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