CN1418595A - Wrist type electric sphygmomanometer, and its application method - Google Patents
Wrist type electric sphygmomanometer, and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1418595A CN1418595A CN 02158724 CN02158724A CN1418595A CN 1418595 A CN1418595 A CN 1418595A CN 02158724 CN02158724 CN 02158724 CN 02158724 A CN02158724 A CN 02158724A CN 1418595 A CN1418595 A CN 1418595A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a wrist electronic sphygmomanometer and its hemadynametry, in which its central processing unit is connected with inflatable pump, PWM generator, comparison voltage generator, voltage comparator, keyboard and display; the wrist band is connected with inflatable pump, electrically-controlled air-discharging vavle and pressure sensor, the described wrist band also is connected with electrically-controlled air discharging valve, PWM generator and central processing unit, and the described pressure sensor is connected with amplifier, comparison voltage generator, voltage comparator and central processing unit in turn. Said invention also provides its method for measuring blood pressure by using said electronic sphygmomanometer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of blood pressure and measurement of Heart Rate device and assay method thereof.
Background technology
At present, most Blood pressure monitors and electric sphygmomanometer adopt oscillographic method to measure blood pressure.Oscillographic method is measured blood pressure need utilize inflation cuff or wrist strap interruption artery blood flow, and slowly venting then detects blood vessel wall and beats and cause the gas pressure wave of oscillation in cuff or the wrist strap in deflation course.When cuff or wrist strap internal pressure during greater than systolic pressure, tremulous pulse is closed, the impact of cuff or wrist strap endogenous cause of ill near-end pulse and the tiny wave of oscillation occurs; When cuff or wrist strap internal pressure during greater than mean arterial pressure, wave of oscillation amplitude increases gradually; When cuff or wrist strap internal pressure approximated mean arterial pressure, ductus arteriosus wall was in load condition, and it is maximum that wave of oscillation amplitude reaches; When cuff or wrist strap internal pressure during less than mean arterial pressure wave of oscillation amplitude reduce gradually; After cuff or wrist strap internal pressure were less than diastolic pressure, ductus arteriosus wall was fully expanded at relaxing period, and the tube wall rigidity increases, and wave of oscillation amplitude is kept less level.Measure blood pressure by the dependency of setting up above-mentioned systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, mean arterial pressure and the fluctuation of cuff internal pressure.No pickup device in the cuff during oscillographic method measuring blood pressure, simple to operate, anti-outside noise interference performance is strong.
In the electric sphygmomanometer that adopts oscillographic method, determine that the computational methods of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure mainly contain amplitude proportional coefficient calculations method and wave character point method.For blood pressure measurement, tens seconds the time of process need of once inflating and exitting, in this process, can obtain the pressure oscillation ripple of a series of different amplitudes, the frequency that these waves of oscillation occur is identical with pulse.Carry out match for the pressure oscillation wave train and obtain an envelope, the important evidence that is shaped as definite diastolic pressure and systolic pressure of envelope.
In amplitude proportional coefficient calculations method, at first determine the maximum amplitude of pressure oscillation ripple, then this amplitude is multiplied each other with the proportionality coefficient of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure respectively, obtain two new wave of oscillation amplitudes in both sides, their pairing force value are respectively systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.According to human body different at aspects such as age, body weight, height and Measuring Time, the corresponding proportionality coefficient of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure fluctuates within the specific limits, the proportionality coefficient fluctuation range of general systolic pressure is 0.46～0.64, and the proportionality coefficient fluctuation range of diastolic pressure is 0.43～0.73.
In wave character point method, mainly contain two kinds of determination methods, the one, the critical point determining method, promptly in deflation course, the pairing pressure of first unexpected saltus step in the pressure oscillation ripple is judged as systolic pressure, and that the pairing pressure that fluctuates before the pressure oscillation wave amplitude does not continue to reduce is judged as diastolic pressure; The 2nd, pressure wave envelope flex point diagnostic method, promptly in deflation course, the pairing force value of the flex point that occurs on the envelope when pressure oscillation ripple increases gradually is a systolic pressure, and the pairing force value of the flex point that occurs on the envelope when pressure oscillation ripple reduces gradually is a diastolic pressure.
By above-mentioned elaboration as can be known, the pressure value that amplitude proportional coefficient calculations method is calculated is mainly according to the setting of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure proportionality coefficient, and this proportionality coefficient not only varies with each individual, and same people also has certain fluctuation at different time sections systolic pressure and the pairing proportionality coefficient of diastolic pressure.If adopt unified systolic pressure and diastolic pressure proportionality coefficient, the error of blood pressure measurement will increase so.
Carry out in the blood pressure measurement process at wrist, need be to the wrist strap inflation with blocking-up wrist, the i.e. blood flow of forearm front end.Blood pressure measurement at the upper arm place, because the place, measuring point has only humerus and brachial artery, adopt cuff easily tremulous pulse to be blocked, and pulsating waveform is fully from the pulse wave in the brachial artery, and above-mentioned mentioned amplitude proportional coefficient calculations method and wave character point method also obtain under this measuring condition.Yet, because the skeleton of arm front end mainly contains ulna and radius, arteries is ulnar artery and radial artery, utilizing wrist strap that ulnar artery and radial artery are blocked fully simultaneously acquires a certain degree of difficulty, and the pulsating waveform that obtains in wrist strap is the stack of pulse wave in ulnar artery and the radial artery, therefore also difference to some extent of the corresponding relation of the envelope of pulsating waveform amplitude and systolic pressure and diastolic pressure, both embodied, also shown the statistical parameter of other pulsating waveform in the excursion of amplitude proportional coefficient and the aspects such as meaning of envelope flex point.But present wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer does not carry out enough considerations to this aspect.In addition, because the measuring point is near carpal joint, in the process of measuring, moving all of wrist and finger can produce certain interference to the pulsating waveform that detects, and strengthens the difficulty of blood pressure measurement.On the other hand, the width and the length of air bag are shorter in the wrist strap, and volume is less.If adopt mechanical vent valve to realize slowly venting, the aperture of vent valve is difficult to control under the less condition of volume; If aperture will cause the quick decline of wrist strap internal pressure slightly greatly, can not guarantee detecting of necessary amount pulsating waveform, if the slightly little meeting of aperture makes venting speed diminish, Measuring Time obviously increases, and causes the discomfort of measurand, and increases the probability of disturbing introducing.Even it is suitable that wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer is adjusted the aperture of vent valve, but be difficult to also in the life-time service process guarantee that the aperture of vent valve keeps unalterable when producing.With respect to the signal of upper arm, the fluctuating signal of wrist a little less than, and the bending of pointing in the measuring process causes the minor fluctuations of wrist strap internal pressure easily.
In a word, if adopt mechanical vent valve, the non-linear venting that causes because of volume-variation will influence correctly detecting of pulsating waveform.If adopt automatically controlled vent valve, though can realize carrying out linear deflation with substantially invariable speed, because can pulsating waveform identical of stack on the linear deflation straight line with the heart rate cycle.If the moment that automatically controlled vent valve is controlled is improper, as: go out the aperture that present stage adjusts vent valve at the pulsating waveform rising edge, will make pulsating waveform correctly not detected.What present wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer failed to be combined in pulsating waveform in the deflation course correctly detects the control point of selecting automatically controlled vent valve.
Summary of the invention
Compared with prior art, technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of wrist formula electronic blood pressure and takes into account blood pressure measuring method, it has the function of automatic adjustment outgassing rate, utilize the Digital Signal Processing method to separate the pulsating waveform signal, thereby handle the pressure value that obtains measurand by programme-control and according to the pulsating waveform data, improved certainty of measurement effectively, and can store repeatedly history automatically and measure, eliminate some singular points in the current measurement data, improved the repeatability of measuring effectively.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the CPU in the wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer of the present invention connects inflator pump, PWM generator, comparison voltage generator, voltage comparator, keyboard and display; Wrist strap connects inflator pump, automatically controlled vent valve, pressure transducer; Described wrist strap also connects automatically controlled vent valve, PWM generator and CPU successively; Described pressure transducer connects amplifier, comparison voltage generator, voltage comparator and CPU successively.
In a kind of wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer of the present invention, by LM324, resistance R 22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R29 and adjustable resistance VR1, the described amplifier that capacitor C 9 and C10 are constituted receives the signal that comes from described pressure transducer, by the wave filter that is made of resistance R 28 and capacitor C 12 signal is transported to described voltage comparator then; The described comparison voltage generator that is made of LM124, audion TR9, resistance R 27 and R36, capacitor C 11 is input to the base stage of described audion TR9 by resistance R 27 with the 50Hz square wave, and the cycle that is used to control comparative voltage produces; The comparative voltage signal that comparison voltage generator produces is transported to voltage comparator; Or first port of the described voltage comparator that is made of LM324, audion TR10, resistance R 31 and R32 by described LM324 receive the signal that comes from described amplifier output, and described voltage comparator receives the signal that comes from described comparison voltage generator output by second port of described LM324; And V by linking to each other with described audion TR10 colelctor electrode
OUTThe signal that voltage comparator is received is input to the input capture port of CPU.
When adopting wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer of the present invention to carry out blood pressure determination, its method comprises the following steps:
First step: with described wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer with after measurand is connected, utilize the inflator pump inflation, slowly exit after reaching target pressure value, when if current pressure is higher than the systolic pressure of measurand, then the central processing unit controls vent valve is exitted with constant rate of speed, and enters the pulsating waveform testing process; Otherwise restart inflator pump, make pressure surpass the blowing pressure numerical value last time, be higher than the systolic pressure of measurand until current pressure;
Second step: enter the pulsating waveform testing process, CPU is carried out date processing according to the situation that detects of pressure oscillation waveform and the heart rate cycle that calculates, to eliminate the false pulsating waveform that the external interference signal produces, by adjusting the dutycycle of program control vent valve control signal, thus the control outgassing rate;
Third step: the pressure in described wrist strap continues in the decline process, in case current pressure has been lower than the diastolic pressure of measurand, then central processing unit drives program control vent valve according to the pressure oscillation signal and exits fast, thereby enter the pressure value calculation process, after the pulsating waveform data are handled, can obtain the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure of measurand;
The 4th step: the memorizer in the described CPU is preserved above-mentioned systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and pressure oscillation wave sequence, the information of heart rate, systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure of display output measurand.
In addition, when wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer of the present invention carried out blood pressure determination, the parameter of described pressure oscillation waveform comprised maximum amplitude, preceding demifacet is long-pending and the waveform width.In the starting stage of described venting, the first calculation of carrying out systolic pressure according to the maximum amplitude and the rising rate of change of described pulsating waveform.Date processing in the false pulsating waveform process that described elimination external interference signal produces is to carry out according to the pulsating waveform width and the instantaneous heart rate that have detected.The data of described systolic pressure and diastolic pressure are to obtain after the peak swing envelope of described pulsating waveform data and the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet are handled, promptly utilize the multimodal feature of maximum peak distribution situation, the peak swing envelope of the overburden pressure scope of the flat of envelope, two envelopes, the slope variation of envelope and the platform performance situation of oscillation amplitude, the maximum of peak swing envelope and the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet is carried out segment processing.Memorizer in described CPU is stored the historical repeatedly pressure oscillation wave sequence of measuring and the pressure oscillation wave sequence of current measurement automatically, computer in the described CPU is by judging the variation characteristic of whole pressure oscillation wave sequence, by relatively judging the not variation characteristic of the pressure oscillation wave sequence of homogeneous, finish automatic identification process, identify the measurement data of same measurand, and judge that the registration of each point carries out smoothing processing to singular point.The basis of characterization of systolic pressure is in the described automatic identification process: when the pressure of wrist strap surpassed systolic pressure, the maximum amplitude of pressure oscillation waveform was less, and the speed of the variation of rising is less; When the pressure of wrist strap during less than systolic pressure, the maximum amplitude of pressure oscillation waveform is bigger, and early stage the rise speed that changes bigger.
A kind of wrist formula of the present invention electronic blood pressure is taken into account blood pressure measuring method compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
1, utilizes the amplitude and the oscillation amplitude change slope prediction systolic pressure of pressure oscillation waveform, make the blowing pressure can satisfy the measurement of systolic pressure automatically;
2, utilize the situation that detects of pulsating waveform and heart rate to reduce the false pulsating waveform that external interference is introduced;
3, select the suitable moment dynamically to adjust outgassing rate, guarantee detecting of waveform, improve precision and the stability measured;
4, adopt the recognition technology of pressure oscillation waveform to eliminate extraneous interference, improve repeatedly the stability of measurement result.
5, the peak swing envelope and the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet of pressure oscillation waveform are analyzed, utilized rule-based reasoning judgement and the bonded method of numerical computations to be fit to the measurement of wrist blood pressure;
6, in numerical computations, the maximum of the long-pending envelope of peak swing envelope and preceding demifacet is carried out segment processing, and consider the registration of same human body historical measurement data, improve in measuring computational methods to the suitability of different crowd.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-the 1st, the structured flowchart of a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer;
Fig. 1-2 is the circuit diagram of amplifier, comparison voltage generator and voltage comparator in a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer;
Fig. 2 is the workflow that adopts a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer to carry out blood pressure determination;
Fig. 3 is the waveform parameter figure of single pressure oscillation ripple in a kind of wrist formula of definition the present invention electric sphygmomanometer;
Fig. 4 is the figure that detects that a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer carries out once pressure oscillation ripple in the complete blood pressure measurement;
Fig. 5 is the envelope of pressure oscillation wave train peak swing shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 6 is the long-pending envelope of demifacet before the pressure oscillation wave train shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 7 is the flow chart that adopts the blowing pressure control of a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer;
Fig. 8 adopts a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer to select the outgassing rate sketch map in control stage;
Fig. 9-1 and Fig. 9 the-the 2nd, adopts the flow chart of the judgement of false pressure oscillation ripple and the elimination and the outgassing rate control of a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer.
Figure 10 adopts the flow chart of a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer to same somatometry waveform judgement and singular point elimination.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electronic blood pressure being taken into account blood pressure measuring method is described in further detail.
At first a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer is described in detail in conjunction with Fig. 1-1 and Fig. 1-2 and the specific embodiment.
Fig. 1-1 shows a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer and comprises CPU 102, keyboard 101, inflator pump 103, wrist strap 104, pressure transducer 105, amplifier 106, voltage comparator 107, comparison voltage generator 112, PWM generator 109, vent valve 110 and display 111.Include storage device and accountant in the described central processing unit 102.Wherein said keyboard 101 connects CPU 102, inflator pump 103, wrist strap 104, pressure transducer 105, amplifier 106, voltage comparator 107 and comparison voltage generator 112 successively; Described CPU 102 also connects comparison voltage generator 112, voltage comparator 107, PWM generator 109 and display 111 respectively; Described PWM generator 111 also connects vent valve 110 and wrist strap 104 successively.
Pressure transducer 105 among the present invention adopts silicon pressure sensor, for example Motorola MPXV53G; Inflator pump 103 can adopt NSK P23B or the border KPM27C of Xiamen section; Program control vent valve 110 adopts the Xiamen border KSV15A of section; CPU 102 can adopt Ti MSP430F413,16 single-chip microcomputers, 8k memory capacity; PWM generator 109 can be comprised by CPU 102, also can be an independent chip, as, TL598.
Described CPU 102 is according to the blowing pressure height, by adjusting the output of PWM generator 109, the outgassing rate of control vent valve 110, described CPU 102 storage current pressure waveform sequences; Described amplifier 106 receives the pressure oscillation waveform that pressure transducer 105 passes over.
Shown in Fig. 1-2, the amplifier 106 among the present invention in a kind of wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer is by LM324, resistance R 22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R29 and adjustable resistance VR1, and capacitor C 9 and C10 constitute; The single-ended power supply of described LM324 employing+3.8V, adjustable resistance VR1 is used to adjust the zero-bit of amplifying output signal; The signal of pressure transducer 105 output is input to amplifier 106 by port Vout+ and Vout-, and is connected respectively to the port 3 and port 2 of LM324 by resistance R 23 and R24, and the signal after the amplification is exported by port one; By the wave filter that constitutes by resistance R 28 and capacitor C 12 signal is transported to the port one 0 of described voltage comparator 107 then.
The described comparison voltage generator 112 that described comparison voltage generator 112 is made of LM124, audion TR9, resistance R 27 and R36, capacitor C 11; By resistance R 27 the 50Hz square wave is input to the base stage of described audion TR9, the cycle of control comparative voltage produces; Comparison voltage generator 112 produces the comparative voltage signal of fixed cycle, fixed slope variation, outputs to the port 9 of voltage comparator 107.
Described voltage comparator 107 is made of LM324, audion TR10, resistance R 31 and R32.Described voltage comparator 112 is by first port of described LM324, be that port one 0 receives the signal that comes from described amplifier 106 outputs, described voltage comparator 107 is by second port of described LM324, and promptly port 9 receives the signal that comes from described comparison voltage generator 112 outputs; And V by linking to each other with described audion TR10 colelctor electrode
OUTThe signal that voltage comparator 107 is received is input to the input capture port of CPU 102.
The annexation of each components and parts illustrates at Fig. 1-2 in above-mentioned amplifier 106, comparison voltage generator 112 and voltage comparator 107 circuit.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3 to Figure 10 the method that adopts wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer of the present invention blood pressure determination is described in detail.
The blood pressure measurement flow process of a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer specifically describes as follows as shown in Figure 2:
First step: shown among Fig. 2 201～205, wrist strap 104 is twined on the forearm about the close wrist 1cm of human body, behind the electric power starting, can enter the blood pressure measurement process by measuring button, if in 3 minutes, be not activated the measurement flow process, the automatic powered-down of wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer then;
Second step: shown among Fig. 2 206～211, start the blood pressure measurement flow process by the measurement button on the keyboard 101, the program control vent valve of CPU 102 controls cuts out, and 103 pairs of wrist straps 104 of control inflator pump are inflated to an initial pressure target value, CPU 102 one of output control signal to PWM generator 109 then, opening program control vent valve 110 with less aperture slowly exits, the pressure transducer 105 that links to each other with wrist strap 104 is simultaneously experienced the pressure oscillation fluctuation of human body, pressure signal is sent to CPU 102 through voltage comparator 107 after amplifying through an amplifier 106.Described CPU 102 judges according to the situation of change of the pressure oscillation ripple that receives whether the pressure in the wrist strap 104 is higher than the systolic pressure of tested human body, and basis for estimation is the maximum amplitude and the rising rate of change of pulsating waveform.If pressure is lower than systolic pressure, restart inflator pump 110 and continue cuff 104 is inflated to new pressure target value, new pressure target value is to increase 60mmHg on the basis of original pressure target value; If pressure is higher than systolic pressure, CPU 102 one of output control signal to PWM generator 109, increase the aperture of program control vent valve 110, begin to carry out the constant control of outgassing rate.
Amplification and A/D translation function in a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer, its flow process is as follows: the signal of pressure transducer 105 outputs at first carries out the amplitude conversion through an amplifier 106, and its transformation range is 0-1V; The continuous square wave of a 50Hz of central processing unit 102 output, its dutycycle is 1: 9, starts the charge and discharge process of primary voltage at the rising edge of each square wave, produces the comparative voltage waveform of a fixed slope; Comparative voltage and signal voltage are input to described voltage comparator 107 and produce a potential pulse, and the persistent period of pulse is that width is directly proportional with signal voltage value; The burst length sequence is input to the input capture port of CPU 102, CPU 102 is carried out record by CPU 102 timer internals with the rising edge of pulse and the moment of trailing edge, the size of count value reflection pick off 105 output voltages of intervalometer output promptly realizes the A/D conversion.
Third step: shown among Fig. 2 212～215, in deflation course, the pressure oscillation fluctuation is received by CPU 102 through pressure transducer 105, amplifier 106 and voltage comparator 107.Detect the stage at the pressure oscillation ripple, utilize pulsating waveform width that detects previously and the instantaneous heart rate that calculates to carry out the elimination of false pressure oscillation waveform.
The characteristic of tissue and diversity can cause the inhomogeneous of venting speed, influence detecting of pressure oscillation waveform, a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer, in deflation course, central processing unit 102 detects the variation that causes outgassing rate because of wrist strap 104 volume-variation, select the suitable control stage according to the situation that the pressure oscillation ripple detects, adjust the output of PWM generator 109, control program control vent valve 110, the rate stabilization that wrist strap 104 internal pressures are descended guarantees the correctness that the pressure oscillation ripple detects in a more constant scope.
The 4th step: shown among Fig. 2 216～217, in constant deflation course, CPU 102 judges according to the amplitude of pressure oscillation waveform whether the current pressure value is lower than the diastolic pressure of tested human body, if condition satisfies, CPU 102 is opened program control vent valve 110 fully, exits fast;
The 5th step: shown among Fig. 2 218～219, after quick venting finished, the storage device in the CPU 102 was preserved a pressure oscillation wave train.The pressure oscillation wave train that accountant in the CPU 102 is preserved described storage device is compared with the historical pressures wave of oscillation sequence of preservation, the variation characteristic of the envelope that obtains by the match of more whole pressure oscillation wave train institute can automatically identify the historical data that whether has same tested human body.If there is the historical data of same tested human body, twice pressure oscillation wave train data compared, eliminate in the measuring process moving or some data singular points that the factors such as interference of external environment cause by the level and smooth method of waveform because of tested personnel's arm, limit simultaneously in the repeatedly measurement within a certain period of time of same human body because of the range of choice of interferential intervention different calculation methods, reduce the diversity that the various computing coefficient is produced under some critical condition, improved the repeatability and the accuracy of this blood pressure measuring device.
The 6th step: shown among Fig. 2 220～221, the pressure oscillation wave train data after the accountant in the CPU 102 is handled suddenly to previous step are carried out rule induction and numerical computations, obtain the pressure value of tested human body.In addition, according to the distribution in time of pressure oscillation ripple, obtain the heart rate of tested human body.Then, pressure value and the heart rate value that calculates shown output on display 111.At last, wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer turns back to be measured the button judgement stage, allows to start once more new blood pressure measurement, promptly returns 202, and circulation execution in step one is to step 6.
Fig. 3 shows when adopting a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer to carry out blood pressure determination, to the definition of single pressure oscillation wave-wave shape parameter.
Fluctuation width 301 is pressure oscillation ripple appearance point, i.e. the interval of starting point 302 when wrist strap 104 internal pressures drop to described appearance point 302 corresponding pressure values.The computational methods of the amplitude of fluctuation are to obtain the average decrease speed of this time period internal pressure according to the interval of the force value of twice adjacent pressure oscillation ripple starting point and appearance, promptly do one by twice adjacent pressure oscillation ripple starting point, be the pressure oscillation ripple appearance point 302 and the straight line 304 of pressure oscillation ripple starting point 303 next time, each point is made the vertical line of described straight line 304 on the excess pressure wave of oscillation then, its vertical line intersection point is 305, the point that intersection point 305 greatest length vertical lines pass through on waveform is an oscillation amplitude peak 306, cross oscillation amplitude peak 306 then and make plumb line, the length corresponding with straight line 304 intersection points 307 is oscillation amplitude 308.Because the pressure in the process that the wave of oscillation occurs in the cuff 104 is continuing decline, adopt the aforementioned calculation method can compensate the oscillation amplitude error of calculation that causes because of the venting velocity variations substantially.
The preceding demifacet of pressure oscillation ripple long-pending 309 is areas of pressure oscillation ripple starting point 302, oscillation amplitude peak 306 and 307 inclusion regions of plumb line intersection point.
Fig. 4 shows and adopts a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer to carry out once the figure that detects of pressure oscillation ripple in the complete blood pressure measurement.
Fig. 5 shows and adopts the timing of a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electronic blood pressure, to the envelope of pressure oscillation wave train peak swing shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 6 shows and adopts the timing of a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electronic blood pressure, the envelope long-pending to demifacet before the pressure oscillation wave train shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 7, in the incipient stage 701 of blood pressure measurement, program setting inflation target pressure value is after the initial pressure value 180mmHg, shown in step 702, will close program control vent valve 110, see step 703, next CPU 102 starts inflator pump 103, and as 704, inflate the wrist strap 104 that is wound in wrist this moment, control the signal that PWM generator 109 produces a high duty ratio simultaneously, make program control vent valve 110 be in closed condition substantially; Pressure in the CPU 102 continuous detecting wrist straps 104, when force value reaches the inflation target pressure value of program setting 705, stop inflator pump 103, and transfer big PWM generator 109 to produce the dutycycle of signal, make program control vent valve 110 slowly exit 706 with less aperture, central processing unit 102 beginning detected pressures waveforms, if in 4 seconds, do not detect 3 waveforms, see 707 steps, finish systolic pressure and estimate flow process 708, enter the constant control stage 710 of outgassing rate, otherwise calculate the meansigma methods of 3 pressure oscillation waveform maximum amplitudes, as 709.If the meansigma methods of pressure oscillation waveform maximum amplitude shows current pressure greater than systolic pressure less than 10, finish systolic pressure and estimate flow process, enter the constant control stage 710 of outgassing rate; If the meansigma methods of pressure oscillation waveform maximum amplitude is greater than 30, show that current pressure is less than systolic pressure, on the basis of current inflation target pressure value, increase 60mmHg then, promptly 711, if new inflation target pressure value greater than 300mmHg, promptly 712, finish systolic pressure and estimate flow process 716, enter the constant control stage 710 of outgassing rate, inflate otherwise restart inflator pump 103, as 704; If the meansigma methods of pressure oscillation waveform maximum amplitude between 10-30, is then calculated the variation slope of 3 pressure oscillation waveform maximum amplitudes, see 714.If being dull the rising in time, these 3 pressure oscillation waveform maximum amplitudes change, and change slope greater than 3, show current pressure less than systolic pressure, as 715, on the basis of current inflation target pressure value, increase 60mmHg then, promptly 711, if new inflation target pressure value greater than 300mmHg, promptly 712, then finish systolic pressure and estimate flow process 716, enter the constant control stage 710 of outgassing rate, inflate otherwise restart inflator pump 103, as 704; If condition does not satisfy, then finish systolic pressure and estimate flow process 716, enter the constant control stage 710 of outgassing rate.
Embodiment 2:
Finished that above-mentioned systolic pressure is estimated and after the blowing pressure judges flow process automatically, begun to carry out the control of constant outgassing rate.Since in the process of lasting venting, the pressure oscillation waveform that can superpose on the curve that pressure continues to descend, as shown in Figure 4.If outgassing rate is controlled to the pressure oscillation waveform amplitude peak Detection Point stage in pressure oscillation ripple starting point, is had two problems: the one, the detection of this stage outgassing rate is difficult to reflect the integral body venting situation of wrist strap 104 internal pressures; The 2nd, will influence pressure oscillation waveform maximum amplitude and long-pending correctly the detecting of preceding demifacet in this stage to the adjustment of outgassing rate.For this reason, blood pressure measuring method of the present invention is in the testing process of carrying out the pressure oscillation waveform, judge the present located stage, the selection pressure waveform finishes substantially, next pressure oscillation ripple starting point is the outgassing rate control stage before occurring, and the middle as shown in Figure 8 control of exitting is adjusted starting point 803 to venting and controlled adjustment end point 804; Each Reference numeral is represented respectively shown in Fig. 8: waveform starting point 801, and oscillation amplitude peak 802, starting point 803 is adjusted in venting control, and end point 804 is adjusted in venting control, and the waveform starting point 805 next time.In the constant outgassing rate of control, 102 pairs of pressure oscillation waveforms of CPU detect, and carry out the judgement and the labelling of interference waveform.
Fig. 9-1 and Fig. 9-2 shows the process that program enters waveform 901～918 and constant venting control stage 919～937.
Shown in 901～918 steps among Fig. 9-1, CPU 102 is gathered the pressure in the wrist strap 104 with the frequency of 50Hz, and the mode that adopts displacement preserves force value T0, T1, T2, T3 and the T4 that collects for nearest 5 times respectively, sees 906.Owing to need detect the pressure oscillation waveform that is superimposed upon on the whole venting curve under the prerequisite that wrist strap 104 internal pressures continue to descend, continue the compensating factor that descends so must consider wrist strap 104 internal pressures.The initial value of compensating factor is 1 in the embodiment of blood pressure measuring method of the present invention, promptly 902, after 903, after the pressure oscillation waveform that detects more than twice or twice, can calculate the compensating factor of outgassing rate correspondence previous stage, and its computational methods are:
The sampling number of venting compensating factor=(force value of the force value of last pressure oscillation waveform starting point-current pressure waveform starting point)/between the two, promptly 904;
In addition, can calculate current instantaneous heart rate 905 according to the situation that detects of current pressure oscillation waveform, its algorithm is as follows:
Instantaneous heart rate=60* (current pressure oscillation waveform starting point moment corresponding-first pressure oscillation waveform starting point moment corresponding)/(detecting of pressure oscillation waveform counts-1)
Calculate the 5 point pressure values detect recently and corresponding venting compensating factor and, be C0, C1, C2, C3 and C4's and, shown in 907, if 5 value of calculation be dull rise 908, show that then new pressure oscillation waveform begins to occur, starting point is the point that detects the earliest in 5.Yet, if this starting point C0 and last detect between the pressure oscillation waveform starting point interval less than heart time in the past at interval 1/2, promptly 909, show that then this starting point is false pressure oscillation waveform starting point 910, program directly enters into constant outgassing rate control stage B, and the selection in the control stage of not considering to exit; Otherwise, preserve 5 point pressure value T0, T1, T2, T3 and the T4 of nearest collection in the mode of displacement, promptly 911.
If the basis for estimation of pressure oscillation waveform starting point satisfies 912, promptly detect the maximum amplitude of pressure oscillation waveform, then begin to do width and the long-pending calculating 913 of preceding demifacet before the calculating pressure waveform.After determining the maximum amplitude of pressure oscillation waveform, can calculate the preceding half width of current pressure waveform thus, if preceding half width surpasses 25 sampling periods 914, promptly 0.5 second, then judge it is because the introducing of external interference makes the shape of pressure oscillation waveform that variation take place, the pressure oscillation wave label that central processing unit 102 detects this point goes out to disturb to be introduced, and as 915, and directly enters into constant outgassing rate control stage B.If the preceding half width of pressure oscillation waveform does not surpass 25 sampling periods, then preserve 5 point pressure value T0, T1, T2, T3 and the T4 of nearest collection in the mode of displacement, promptly 916, described CPU 102 begins to judge whether the pressure in the current wrist strap 104 is lower than the force value 917 of current pressure waveform starting point correspondence, if the condition in 917 satisfies, then CPU 102 with the preceding demifacet of current pressure waveform long-pending and maximum amplitude preserve 918, and enter constant outgassing rate control stage B.
Shown in 919～937 steps in shown in Fig. 9-2, enter constant outgassing rate control stage B and be divided into following process:
CPU 102 is preserved nearest force value 919 of gathering for 5 times by the mode of displacement, and calculates the outgassing rate of these 5 force value correspondences, outgassing rate=50* (force value of the force value of Cai Jiing-up-to-date collection the earliest)/4, promptly 920;
Judge whether constant rate of speed control carries out 921; If carry out, the dutycycle of the signal of the program control vent valve of control is adjusted into 50%, promptly 922; Otherwise the outgassing rate and the default outgassing rate of current calculating are compared, if currency drops in preset value ± 10%, as 923, the dutycycle of control signal remains unchanged, see 924, otherwise enter the venting control signal dutycycle set-up procedure of next stage, as 925;
If outgassing rate is a negative value, as 926, promptly the pressure that causes of external interference rises, and current control signal dutycycle is increased by a big adjustment amount, and this adjustment amount is 4%;
When outgassing rate for just, and current outgassing rate is greater than preset value, it is greater than (1+30%) of preset value, promptly 928, and current control signal dutycycle reduced a big adjustment amount 930, this adjustment amount is 4%; Otherwise current control signal dutycycle is reduced a little adjustment amount 931, and this adjustment amount is 1%;
When outgassing rate for just, and current outgassing rate is less than preset value, it increases by a big adjustment amount 932 with current control signal dutycycle during less than (1-30%) of preset value 929, this adjustment amount is 4%; Otherwise current control signal dutycycle is increased by a little adjustment amount 933, and this adjustment amount is 1%;
After the calculating of control signal dutycycle is finished, enter 934 processes, be that CPU 102 judges whether current point obtains 3/4 of heart rate interval greater than previous calculations apart from the interval between the current pressure waveform starting point, if current time interval is less than 3/4 of heart beat interval, program control vent valve is exported the control signal that aforementioned calculation obtains, shown in 935; Guaranteeing correctly detecting of next pressure oscillation waveform, otherwise judge whether the current pressure value is higher than the diastolic pressure of estimation, shown in 936; If the current pressure value is higher than the diastolic pressure of estimation, turn back to 902 and begin the place, proceed detecting and outgassing rate control of pressure oscillation waveform, otherwise finish this program circuit 937, change quick venting and blood pressure measurement over to.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in figure 10, after present embodiment illustrates that mainly wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer is finished the pressure oscillation waveform and detected, CPU 102 is how to compare according to the peak swing and the long-pending envelope measurement data corresponding with the historical pressures waveform of preceding demifacet of pressure oscillation waveform, carries out the judgement of same anthropometric data and the elimination of singular point.
Owing in the CPU 102 of a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer, include memorizer, the peak swing of the pressure oscillation waveform that several times were measured before described memorizer was preserved automatically and the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet, as shown 1002.In current measuring process, a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer is tried to achieve peak swing and the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet to the pressure oscillation wave sequence of current measurement, and compare with the peak swing and the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet of the historical pressures waveform of preserving, as 1004, the registration of peak swing envelope by judging two pressure oscillation waveforms and the long-pending envelope of the preceding demifacet of two pressure oscillation waveforms, it is the force value of waveform amplitude peak and present position thereof, the force value of long-pending maximum of preceding demifacet and present position thereof, the rate of rise and the descending slope of the long-pending envelope of peak swing envelope and preceding demifacet.
By calculating the peaked meansigma methods of oscillation amplitude on the maximum value difference of oscillation amplitude on two envelopes of described peak swing envelope matching degree=1-[(/ two envelope)+(two envelope oscillation amplitude maximum corresponding pressure poor/meansigma methods of two envelope oscillation amplitude maximum corresponding pressures)+(two the envelope rate of rise poor/meansigma methods of two envelope rates of rise)+(two envelope descending slope poor/meansigma methods of two envelope descending slopes)]/4, promptly 1006; With
Before long-pending two envelopes of envelope matching degree=1-[(of the demifacet long-pending maximum value difference of demifacet/two envelopes long-pending peaked meansigma methods of demifacet of going forward of going forward)+(two before the envelope the long-pending maximum corresponding pressure of demifacet poor/two envelopes before the meansigma methods of the long-pending maximum corresponding pressures of demifacets)+(two the envelope rate of rise poor/meansigma methods of two envelope rates of rise)+(two envelope descending slope poor/meansigma methods of two envelope descending slopes)]/4, promptly 1007; Whether the meansigma methods of judging two registrations then is the maximum of comparing data, promptly 1008, if satisfy this condition, then two registrations with current calculating save as maximum, and promptly process 1009, and then return 1004 processes; Otherwise directly return 1004 processes;
Size according to peak swing envelope matching degree and the long-pending envelope matching degree of preceding demifacet identifies the historical measurement data that whether has same human body.
By stored history is repeatedly traveled through comparison 1005, select the deviation minimum, it is the long-pending best historical Wave data of envelope matching degree meansigma methods of peak swing envelope matching degree and preceding demifacet, described selection course is shown in 1004～1009 among Figure 10, promptly at first select the peak swing envelope and the long-pending envelope 1004 of preceding demifacet of first group of pressure oscillation waveform, system judges whether the historical packet winding thread travels through comparative result again then, if condition does not satisfy, then calculate the registration 1006 of current peak swing envelope and selected historical packet winding thread successively respectively, registration 1007 with current long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet and selected historical packet winding thread, judge whether the meansigma methods of described two registrations is the maximum 1008 of comparing data after calculating above-mentioned two registrations, if described condition 1008 satisfies, then two registrations with current calculating save as maximum, 1009; Return 1004 steps then, circulation above-mentioned steps 1004～1009 processes.In above-mentioned 1005 steps, if condition satisfies shown in 1005, promptly historical packet winding thread traversal relatively finishes, its conclusion is that the peak swing envelope matching degree and the preceding demifacet of pressure oscillation waveform amasss the envelope matching degree than higher, for example, the registration of described two aspects all greater than 70% o'clock, sees 1010; Judge that then this twice measuring object is same human body, carry out the elimination flow process of singular point, and will be except that the historical Wave data sequence that is compared the earliest wave sequence replace; Otherwise think that institute's store historical data does not satisfy the Rule of judgment of same anthropometric data, promptly 1003, do not carry out the elimination of singular point on the envelope, and the sequence the earliest of time in the historical Wave data is replaced.
Under the measuring condition of same human body, a kind of wrist formula of the present invention electric sphygmomanometer at first extracts the bigger part of diversity on the two pressure oscillation waveform envelope lines, shown among Figure 10 1011, then by the situation of change of peripheral point relatively, judge what whether these differences in the current envelope caused because of the interference in the external world.If the singular point that external interference causes carries out smoothing processing with reference to the part corresponding on the historical pressures waveform envelope and the data of peripheral point to these singular points.Concrete computational methods are: before judging earlier a bit and back one point data whether satisfy the Rule of judgment of singular point, Rule of judgment be 2 relative deviation greater than 30%, promptly 1012;
The meansigma methods of 2 relative deviation=(meansigma methods of corresponding 2 amplitudes of the amplitude of a bit-two envelope on the current envelope)/two corresponding 2 amplitudes of envelope;
If 2 relative deviation is not then done smoothing processing to the data of this point and is only carried out linear interpolation: two point data sum/2, data=front and back of current point less than 30%;
If 2 relative deviation is not less than 30%, need judge then whether preceding and back data satisfy the Rule of judgment of singular point at 2 at 2, and the like, up to preceding n point and afterwards the n data of ordering do not satisfy the Rule of judgment of singular point, the maximum occurrences of n is 5, does not promptly carry out linear interpolation after 5.
More than the smoothing processing of singular point on the current envelope is applicable to peak swing envelope and the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet.After having taken all factors into consideration current measurement result and historical measurement result, can improve the capacity of resisting disturbance and the measurement reproducibility of wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer of the present invention effectively.
Embodiment 4:
After describe in detail adopting wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer of the present invention in the blood pressure determination process peak swing envelope of the pressure oscillation waveform that detects and the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet to be handled below, can draw blood pressure measurement, its concrete situation is as follows respectively:
1. if the top of peak swing envelope is more smooth, promptly surpass 50mmHg in peaked 0.85 two pressure limit that is covered of peak swing envelope, then:
(1-1) peak swing envelope left side, it is the systolic pressure side, the long-pending envelope of demifacet is peaked 0.4 before corresponding long-pending being not less than of preceding demifacet in the long-pending envelope of position institute corresponding pressure value pro-demifacet that big slope flattens smooth left side, and the numerical method of the long-pending envelope of demifacet is determined blood pressure measurement before utilizing;
(1-2) peak swing envelope left side, it is the systolic pressure side, long-pending from the corresponding preceding demifacet in the long-pending envelope of the position institute corresponding pressure value pro-demifacet that big slope flattens smooth left side less than the long-pending envelope peaked 0.4 of preceding demifacet, determine that peak swing envelope left side is a systolic pressure from the position institute corresponding pressure value that big slope flattens smooth, and the numerical method of the long-pending envelope of demifacet is determined the diastolic pressure measured value before utilizing;
2. if the slope of the systolic pressure direction of peak swing envelope is bigger, cause the difference of the force value of the force value of maximum correspondence of peak swing envelope and the long-pending envelope maximum correspondence of preceding demifacet to surpass 40mmHg, the numerical method of the long-pending envelope of demifacet is determined blood pressure measurement before then utilizing;
3. if bimodal or multimodal appears in the peak swing envelope, promptly the difference of each summit and near peak valley greater than 30 and the difference of facing summit corresponding pressure value mutually greater than 15mmHg, the numerical method that demifacet amasss envelope before then utilizing is determined blood pressure measurement;
The step of the numerical computations of the long-pending envelope of demifacet is before utilizing described in 1,2 and 3:
(3-1) carry out systolic pressure with initial proportion coefficient 0.5 and calculate, peaked different according to the value of the systolic pressure that obtains after calculating and the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet are selected corresponding systolic pressure compensating proportion coefficient, and computational methods are as follows:
When the value of calculating systolic pressure＞=220mmHg:
If the long-pending maximum of preceding demifacet＞=800, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.4; Or
If the long-pending maximum of preceding demifacet＜800, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.6;
When the value of 180mmHg＜=calculating systolic pressure＜220mmHg:
If the long-pending maximum of preceding demifacet＞=900, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.45; Or
If the long-pending maximum of preceding demifacet＜900, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.55;
When the value of 130mmHg＜=calculating systolic pressure＜180mmHg:
If the long-pending maximum of preceding demifacet＞700, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.5; Or
If the long-pending maximum of preceding demifacet＜=700, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.6;
When the value of 130mmHg＜=calculating systolic pressure＜90mmHg:
If the long-pending maximum of preceding demifacet＞600, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.45; Or
If the long-pending maximum of preceding demifacet＜=600, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.57;
After obtaining systolic pressure as stated above, according to the peaked difference of the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet, select corresponding diastolic pressure compensating proportion coefficient, computational methods are as follows:
Current demifacet amasss maximum＞800 o'clock, then diastolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.7;
If the long-pending maximum of preceding demifacet＜=800, then diastolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.64;
(3-2) maximum of the long-pending envelope of demifacet before the more historical same somatometry, the method identical with (3-1) determined the proportionality coefficient that systolic pressure and diastolic pressure calculate;
(3-3) proportionality coefficient that (3-1) obtained is revised.
Revise the back and calculate proportionality coefficient=historical data and calculate proportionality coefficient+(current calculating proportionality coefficient-historical data is calculated proportionality coefficient) * (the long-pending envelope matching degree of demifacet before the 1-), with correction result as final calculating proportionality coefficient;
(3-4) calculate systolic pressure and diastolic pressure with the proportionality coefficient of revising.
4. if do not satisfy above-mentionedly 1,2 and 3, then at first the waveform of peak swing envelope is analyzed, carry out the calculating of pressure value in conjunction with the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet then;
(4-1) being calculated as follows of systolic pressure:
If the waveform of peak swing envelope the less stage of a slope variation occurs in systolic pressure side (envelope left side amplitude is the scope that peaked 0.4-0.8 covered), substantially show as a platform, the long-pending envelope of demifacet before then the calculating of systolic pressure is not considered is according to systolic pressure is determined in the analysis of platform features;
If the pressure limit that this platform covers is higher than the slope on platform right side less than the slope in 20mmHg and platform left side, determine that then the force value of the starting point correspondence in platform left side is a systolic pressure;
If the pressure limit that this platform covers is lower than the slope on platform right side less than the slope in 20mmHg and platform left side, determine that then the force value of the terminal point correspondence on platform right side is a systolic pressure;
If the pressure limit that this platform covers, determines then that the force value of platform mid point correspondence is a systolic pressure greater than 20mmHg;
(4-2) being calculated as follows of diastolic pressure:
If in the diastolic pressure side, occur a slope catastrophe point in (envelope right side amplitude is the scope that peaked 0.3-0.6 covered) in the peak swing envelope, the force value of determining slope catastrophe point correspondence is a diastolic pressure;
5., then utilize numerical method to determine systolic pressure and diastolic pressure respectively if the waveform of peak swing envelope does not satisfy above-mentionedly 4; Its computational methods are as follows:
(5-1) carry out systolic pressure with initial proportion coefficient 0.7 and calculate, peaked different according to the value of the systolic pressure that obtains after calculating and peak swing envelope are selected corresponding systolic pressure compensating proportion coefficient, and computational methods are as follows:
When the value of calculating systolic pressure＞=220mmHg:
If peak swing envelope maximum＞=90, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.78;
If 60＜=peak swing envelope maximum＜90, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.75;
If peak swing envelope maximum＜60, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.7; When the value of 180mmHg＜=calculating systolic pressure＜220mmHg:
If peak swing envelope maximum＞=80, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.7;
If 50＜=peak swing envelope maximum＜80, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.72;
If peak swing envelope maximum＜50, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.75;
When the value of 130mmHg＜=calculating systolic pressure＜180mmHg:
If peak swing envelope maximum＞70, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.76;
If peak swing envelope maximum＜=70, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.74;
When the value of 130mmHg＜=calculating systolic pressure＜90mmHg:
If peak swing envelope maximum＞50, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.75;
If peak swing envelope maximum＜=50, then systolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.8;
After obtaining systolic pressure as stated above, according to the peaked difference of peak swing envelope, select corresponding diastolic pressure compensating proportion coefficient, computational methods are as follows:
When peak swing envelope maximum＞80, then diastolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.5;
If peak swing envelope maximum＜=80, then diastolic pressure proportionality coefficient=0.46;
(5-2) maximum of more historical same somatometry peak swing envelope, the method identical with (5-1) are determined the proportionality coefficient that systolic pressure and diastolic pressure calculate;
(5-3) proportionality coefficient that (5-1) obtained is revised, and its algorithm is:
Revise the back and calculate proportionality coefficient=historical data calculating proportionality coefficient+(current calculating proportionality coefficient-historical data is calculated proportionality coefficient) * (the long-pending envelope matching degree of demifacet before the 1-);
With the correction result of aforementioned calculation as final calculating proportionality coefficient;
(5-4) calculate systolic pressure and diastolic pressure with the proportionality coefficient of revising.
(6) if utilize the method for the numerical computations of peak swing envelope to obtain systolic pressure and diastolic pressure, need with utilize before the method for numerical computations of the long-pending envelope of demifacet obtain systolic pressure and diastolic pressure compares; If the systolic pressure that two kinds of numerical computation methods obtain and the difference of diastolic pressure are greater than 25mmHg, obtain systolic pressure and diastolic pressure is final measured value with the method for the numerical computations that adopts the peak swing envelope, otherwise the data that two kinds of numerical computations are obtained are weighted average treatment, utilizing the weight of the result of calculation that the peak swing envelope draws is 0.75, the weight of the result of calculation that the long-pending envelope of demifacet draws before utilizing is 0.25, and the result after weighted average is handled is the final blood pressure measurement that shows.
In the present embodiment, analysis-by-synthesis the variation characteristic of the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet and peak swing envelope, and the amplitude to envelope has been carried out segment processing in numerical computations, consider the registration of current measurement result and historical measurement result simultaneously, improved the measurement reproducibility and the accuracy of wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer of the present invention effectively.
Although in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiment; the above-mentioned specific embodiment only is schematic; rather than it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under the enlightenment of this reality invention; not breaking away under the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protects, can also make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer, it is characterized in that: keyboard connects CPU, inflator pump, wrist strap, pressure transducer, amplifier, voltage comparator and comparison voltage generator successively; Described CPU also connects comparison voltage generator, voltage comparator, PWM generator and display respectively; Described PWM generator also connects vent valve and wrist strap successively.
2. a kind of wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, by LM324, resistance R 22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R29 and adjustable resistance VR1, the described amplifier that capacitor C 9 and C10 are constituted receives the signal that comes from described pressure transducer, by the wave filter that is made of resistance R 28 and capacitor C 12 signal is transported to described voltage comparator then;
The described comparison voltage generator that is made of LM124, audion TR9, resistance R 27 and R36, capacitor C 11 is input to the base stage of described audion TR9 by resistance R 27 with the 50Hz square wave, and the cycle that is used to control comparative voltage produces; The comparative voltage signal that comparison voltage generator produces is transported to voltage comparator; Or
The described voltage comparator that is made of LM324, audion TR1O, resistance R 31 and R32 receives the signal that comes from described amplifier output by first port of described LM324, and described voltage comparator receives the signal that comes from described comparison voltage generator output by second port of described LM324; And V by linking to each other with described audion TR10 colelctor electrode
OUTThe signal that voltage comparator is received is input to the input capture port of CPU.
3. a blood pressure measuring method that adopts the described wrist formula of claim 1 electric sphygmomanometer is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
First step: with described wrist formula electric sphygmomanometer with after measurand is connected, utilize the inflator pump inflation, slowly exit after reaching target pressure value, when if current pressure is higher than the systolic pressure of measurand, then the central processing unit controls vent valve is exitted with constant rate of speed, and enters the pulsating waveform testing process; Otherwise restart inflator pump, make pressure surpass the blowing pressure numerical value last time, be higher than the systolic pressure of measurand until current pressure;
Second step: enter the pulsating waveform testing process, CPU is carried out date processing according to the situation that detects of pressure oscillation waveform and the heart rate cycle that calculates, to eliminate the false pulsating waveform that the external interference signal produces, by adjusting the dutycycle of program control vent valve control signal, the control outgassing rate;
Third step: in the process that described wrist strap internal pressure continues to descend, in case current pressure has been lower than the diastolic pressure of measurand, then CPU drives program control vent valve according to the pressure oscillation signal and exits fast, thereby enter the pressure value calculation process, after the pulsating waveform data are handled, can obtain systolic pressure and diastolic pressure;
The 4th step: the memorizer in the described CPU is preserved above-mentioned systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and pressure oscillation wave sequence, the systolic pressure that display output is above-mentioned and the information of diastolic pressure.
4. blood pressure measuring method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the parameter of described pressure oscillation waveform comprises maximum amplitude, preceding demifacet is long-pending and the waveform width.
5. blood pressure measuring method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the starting stage of described venting, and the first calculation of carrying out systolic pressure according to the maximum amplitude and the rising rate of change of described pulsating waveform.
6. blood pressure measuring method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the date processing in the false pulsating waveform process that described elimination external interference signal produces is to carry out according to the pulsating waveform width and the instantaneous heart rate that have detected.
7. blood pressure measuring method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the data of described systolic pressure and diastolic pressure are to obtain after the peak swing envelope of described pulsating waveform data and the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet are handled, promptly utilize the multimodal feature of maximum peak distribution situation, the peak swing envelope of the overburden pressure scope of the flat of envelope, two envelopes, the slope variation of envelope and the platform performance situation of oscillation amplitude, the maximum of peak swing envelope and the long-pending envelope of preceding demifacet is carried out segment processing.
8. according to claim 3 or 7 described blood pressure measuring methods, it is characterized in that, memorizer in described CPU is stored the historical repeatedly pressure oscillation wave sequence of measuring and the pressure oscillation wave sequence of current measurement automatically, computer in the described CPU is by relatively judging the not variation characteristic of the pressure oscillation wave sequence of homogeneous, finish automatic identification process, identify the measurement data of same measurand, and judge that the registration of each point carries out smoothing processing to singular point.
9. blood pressure measuring method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the basis of characterization of systolic pressure is in the described automatic identification process: when the pressure of wrist strap surpassed systolic pressure, the maximum amplitude of pressure oscillation waveform was less, and the speed of the variation of rising is less; When the pressure of wrist strap during less than systolic pressure, the maximum amplitude of pressure oscillation waveform is bigger, and early stage the rise speed that changes bigger.
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