CN1417151A - 水泥／发电联产技术 - Google Patents
水泥／发电联产技术 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] Chemical compound [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940051851 sulfurated lime Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/243—Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
- C04B18/084—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash obtained from mixtures of pulverised coal and additives, added to influence the composition of the resulting flue dust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
- C04B22/14—Acids or salts thereof containing sulfur in the anion, e.g. sulfides
- C04B22/142—Sulfates
- C04B22/143—Calcium-sulfate
- C04B22/145—Gypsum from the desulfuration of flue gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/10—Accelerators; Activators
- C04B2103/12—Set accelerators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于建筑材料和电力发电技术领域。其技术特征是在电厂燃煤中掺杂钙质材料，利用燃煤中产生的粉煤灰作为生产水泥的粘土材料，来生产满足工程要求的水泥，利用钙质材料与燃烧中产生硫化物生成硫化钙，作为水泥的调凝材料。水泥生成温度保持在1200℃～1300℃。钙质材料可以是石灰石粉，也可以是其他钙质材料。本发明的效果是在水泥生产中节约土地资源，减少对环境的破坏，并消除现水泥生产中的一些污染，同时使电厂排放的硫化物得到控制，使电厂污染物达到零排放，解决了电厂粉煤灰污染问题，该联产工艺省去了二次重复建厂投资，该发明具有很大的经济和社会效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于建筑材料和电力发电技术领域。涉及到电力生产中煤粉在高温下燃烧并与掺加的钙质材料发生反应生成水泥熟料的技术。
背景技术
由水泥制作的混凝土是21世纪最主要的建筑材料。自1824年水泥发明以来已有近200年的历史，然而水泥生产需要大量的粘土，同时其“两磨一烧”的生产工艺消耗大量的能源，并给生态环境造成很大的污染。目前我国水泥年产量达到了6亿吨，占世界水泥总产量的1/3，每年生产的水泥消耗大量的原料，生产水泥的原料主要有粘土和石灰石，两者都是不可再生的资源。粘土的大量利用使我国的土地资源遭到严重破坏；石灰石的开采要破坏地形地貌，这两者的利用都是对生态环境的破坏。
另一方面以煤为主要燃料的燃煤电厂所排放的大量粉煤灰需要堆场，并且对周边环境造成巨大的污染。同时由于我国煤种的限制，在燃烧过程中排放出大量的硫化物和氮化物，不得不推行洁净煤技术，客观上浪费了大量的人力和财力。我国电力工业每年排放的数亿吨的粉煤灰，2000年粉煤灰排放量达到1.6亿吨，如果充分利用这些固体废弃物，将减少对于环境和资源的破坏。目前粉煤灰的利用主要在以下几个方面：生产新型建筑材料粉煤灰制水泥如粉煤灰制砖，各种砌块等；用粉煤灰生产高效钾肥和磷肥；利用粉煤灰提取工业原料及生产功能材料；粉煤灰筑路、回填等。
迄今为止，粉煤灰用作水泥的研究主要是将粉煤灰用作掺料，但由于使用量有限，因此粉煤灰的污染依然存在。目前大部分的研究只是通过对粉煤灰改性来加以利用，而把电厂电力生产与粉煤灰的利用割裂开来，应该将电厂电力生产与粉煤灰的利用有机的结合起来，从电厂设计和粉煤灰的生产源头就应考虑对其开发利用，同时需要进行大量的科研工作，利用高新技术手段去探索其真正价值.从而在保证电力生产的同时，能够考虑到燃烧残余物以后的利用问题，这样就会省却很多以后会碰到的麻烦，会节省大量的时间和人力物力，从而创造出比以往更大的经济效益。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种方法，将水泥生产和燃煤发电有机结合起来，利用燃煤电厂排放的粉煤灰作为水泥生产的粘土原料。并在燃煤中掺杂钙质材料，使其既能与粉煤灰燃烧合成水泥，又能利用钙质材料消除硫化物的污染，而且生成的硫酸钙成为水泥的调凝材料。二者结合又省去了二次重复建厂的投资。
本发明的技术方案是燃煤电厂喷燃中在煤浆中掺入按水泥生产需要及煤种而确定之掺量的石灰石粉或碱渣等其它含钙物质，使其在高温下燃烧反应，在此过程中既能满足发电要求又能使其排出的粉煤灰成为建筑上需求的水泥。
本发明的效果和益处是在水泥生产中节约土地资源，减少对环境的破坏，并消除现水泥生产中的一些污染，同时使电厂排放的硫化物得到控制，使电厂达到零排放，解决了电厂粉煤灰污染问题，省去二次重复建厂投资。节约了资源，节省了人力财力，并减少了对环境的污染。
具体实施方式
以下结合技术方案详细叙述实现本发明的步骤和最佳实施例。：
步骤一
首先制备试验所需的煤粉。
将煤块在球磨机中粉磨2个小时，干燥备用，颗粒均匀，达到燃煤电厂对煤粉的要求。
步骤二
石灰石粉与煤粉按照选定的配比配合，将掺杂煤粉喷入热电锅炉中燃烧。
石灰石粉与煤粉质量配比范围为0.15～0.20，将配好的煤粉喷入热电锅炉中，使其在高温下燃烧，温度保持1200℃～1300℃。由于在煤粉燃烧过程中，喷入大量的石灰石粉，石灰石粉分解会消耗一部分热量，降低了发电中的热值，从而会影响到发电的效率。为了不影响发电的热量需要，有必要加入助燃剂来提高煤粉燃烧效率，从而保证正常生产的进行。同时为了促进水泥熟料矿物的生成，需要加入矿化剂，矿化剂的应用主要是为了降低水泥熟料的合成温度，使矿物在较低温度下就能够发生反应，生成相关的水泥熟料。这些措施对于在实际发电过程中水泥熟料矿物的生成有很大的促进作用。
步骤三
将燃烧后的活化灰粉磨制成成品水泥。
活化粉煤灰经过粉磨就可以制成水泥成品，磨细过程中加入助磨剂，以使其充分磨细，并在其中掺入强度激发剂，以促进活化灰强度的激发，能够得到强度适合满足工程需要的水泥。
实施例
将内蒙古煤块在球磨机中粉磨2小时，达到燃煤电厂对于煤粉的要求，将石灰石粉，其有效钙含量为51％，与煤粉按质量比配合，石灰石与煤粉比值分别为0.15、0.20。将掺加石灰石粉的煤粉喷入燃烧炉中燃烧，温度控制在1200℃～1300℃之间。收集煤粉燃烧后剩余物按GB17671做胶砂强度试验，试验采用4×4×16三联模，水灰比0.5，灰砂比1∶3，试验中在胶砂中加入2％的激发剂CaCl2，标准养护。结果显示，当石灰石粉与煤粉质量比在0.15～0.20时，可制成32.5等级的低能耗粉煤灰水泥，并有效控制燃煤发电中硫化物排放，且不影响发电效果。
Claims (2)
1、一种水泥/发电联产技术，是将水泥生产与燃煤发电有机结合起来的方法，其特征是在电厂燃煤中掺杂钙质材料，利用燃煤中产生的粉煤灰作为生产水泥的粘土材料，利用钙质材料与燃烧中产生硫化物生成硫化钙，作为水泥的调凝材料。
2、根据权利要求1所述的水泥/发电联产技术，给出了一种掺杂钙质材料的方法，其特征是在煤粉煤中掺加钙质材料，当掺加石灰石时，石灰石粉质量与煤粉的质量比为0.15～0.20，所掺加钙质材料的种类也可是碱渣等其它含钙物质，按含钙量选择不同的配比。
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| CN02144928A CN1417151A (zh) | 2002-12-14 | 2002-12-14 | 水泥／发电联产技术 |
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| CN02144928A CN1417151A (zh) | 2002-12-14 | 2002-12-14 | 水泥／发电联产技术 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2536669A4 (en) * | 2010-02-17 | 2013-01-23 | Sybre Ltd | MODIFICATION OF POUZZOLANIC CHEMISTRY AT PRODUCTION PLANT LEVEL |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2536669A4 (en) * | 2010-02-17 | 2013-01-23 | Sybre Ltd | MODIFICATION OF POUZZOLANIC CHEMISTRY AT PRODUCTION PLANT LEVEL |
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