CN1415570A - Air entraining agent of triterpenoid saponin utilized in concrete work - Google Patents
Air entraining agent of triterpenoid saponin utilized in concrete work Download PDFInfo
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- CN1415570A CN1415570A CN 02137480 CN02137480A CN1415570A CN 1415570 A CN1415570 A CN 1415570A CN 02137480 CN02137480 CN 02137480 CN 02137480 A CN02137480 A CN 02137480A CN 1415570 A CN1415570 A CN 1415570A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- concrete
- air entrapment
- entrapment agent
- triterpenoid saponin
- product
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/10—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/304—Air-entrainers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
A triterpene saponin as gas generating agent for concrete engineering is extracted from the natural plant rich in triterpene saponin. Its advantages are simple preparing process, high compatibility to other additives and high effect on improving the performance of concrete.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building material technical field, be specifically related to a kind of air entraining agent of triterpenoid saponin utilized in concrete work, can be widely used in the nearly all commerical ready-mixed concrete and onsite concrete engineering such as hydro-structure, highway, road, bridge, building construction, underground structure, airfield runway.
Background technology
Admixture trace in concrete (ten thousand of cement consumption/several) air entrapment agent is one of effective measure that improve concrete durability, particularly frost resistance and deicer-scaling resistance.In developed countries such as the U.S., Canada, Japan and Europe, because they attach great importance to the weather resistance of engineering, air entrapment agent is the most frequently used admixture, and the concrete of mixing air entrapment agent accounts for 70～80% of concrete total amount, even more.
In China, remove the related standards regulation of water conservancy project structure, outside the necessary air-entrained agent of concrete, Important Project such as Other Engineering such as highway, road, bridge, building, underground structure, airfield runway all do not have regulation must mix air entrapment agent, therefore, in fact except that water conservancy project and northern harbour engineering, other Important Project are little mixes air entrapment agent.
Most of air entrapment agents are petrochemical complex, system paper pulp, papermaking and some other industrial byproduct.At present the modal chemical composition of air entrapment agent has four classes: the 1. sodium salt compound of rosin tree lipid; 2. soap compounds; 3. sulfonation hydrocarbon polymer; 4. alkyl-phenmethyl Sulfonates compound.
The air entrapment agent that China early uses is representative with the rosined soap of introducing from USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), and the shortcoming of this air entrapment agent is to dissolve in hot water, to cause intensity to reduce bigger because of introducing bubble, so has influenced the air entrapment agent application in the concrete works at home.Developed colophonium pyrolytic polymer afterwards and based on washing composition, draw back the air entrapment agent of surfactant such as powder, solubility has been improved greatly, but that intensity reduces is still bigger.Up to the early 1990s, domestic traditional commodities air entrapment agent majority is the rosined soap type, minority colophonium pyrolytic polymer type product is also arranged, but also all exist unstable properties, poorly soluble, poor with other admixture plyabilities, concrete strength is reduced shortcomings such as bigger, restricted applying of air entrapment agent.U.S. home-made VINSOL colophonium pyrolytic polymer air entrapment agent, performance quality is better, but still has some deficiency.In general, the loss of strength rate that the air content of the every introducing 1% of existing air entrapment agent causes is about 4～7%, is generally 5%.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of stable performance, solvability good, concrete strength is reduced little air entrapment agent and preparation technology thereof, to improve quality of concrete, particularly improve concrete weather resistance, frost resistance and deicer-scaling resistance.
The air entrapment agent that the present invention proposes is to refine the triterpenoid saponin that obtains from the natural phant that is rich in triterpenoid saponin.The natural plant that contains the saponin class of China distributes very wide, and as Chinese honey locust, wooden peanut, Wood of Shinyleaf Yellowhorn, tea seed cake, paulownia husband etc., wherein low oiliness high-quality Chinese honey locust is best production material.It mainly is process residues refinement acquisition triterpenoid saponin from these stem leaves of plants, fruit pod, fruit stone and some forestry products.
The present invention utilizes triterpenoid saponin characteristic soluble in water, and stripping triterpenoid saponin composition from plant material through separating, be condensed into liquid product with residue, also can further be dried and be refined into the solid, powdery product then, and its technical process is as follows:
(1) pulverize: the plant material that is rich in triterpenoid saponin is pulverized, and it can be the sieve of 2.5mm by the aperture that particle requires;
(2) boil and endure: temperature is 95～150 ℃, and the time is 2～4 hours;
(3) press filtration: liquid is separated with solid material slag;
(4) concentrate: require to be concentrated into solid content and be 20～40% liquid;
(5) mix: add modified material, modified material can adopt yellow soda ash, and add-on is the 0-3% of gross weight, and add-on is 1-3% preferably, and mixing time is 10～30 minutes, gets liquid product, and solid content is 20-40%.
(6) spraying drying: temperature is 100～200 ℃; Get the powdery solid product, wherein triterpenoid saponin content 60～90%, contents of monosaccharides 5～20%, carbonate content 0～3%, moisture content 1～5%.
The triterpenoid saponin that the present invention proposes is as follows as the principle of building concrete air entrapment agent:
Normally a kind of tensio-active agent of air entrapment agent promptly has the organic compound of long chain molecule structure, and the one end contains hydrophilic radical, and the other end contains the hydrophobic group.A large amount of triterpenoid saponin a kind of surfactants that come to this of discovering, its bleed principle are by its molecular structure decision.It mainly is made up of monosaccharide groups, glucoside key and glucoside unit base.Monose in the monosaccharide groups has a lot of hydroxyls, and (OH) can form hydrogen bond with water molecules, thereby have very strong wetting ability, be a hydrophilic radical; And the glucoside unit in the glucoside unit base has lipophilicity, is the hydrophobic group.Therefore triterpenoid saponin is one and promptly contains the amphipathic molecule that hydrophilic radical contains the hydrophobic group again.After triterpenoid saponin was water-soluble, molecule just aligned on liquid-vapo(u)r interface, had reduced the surface tension of solution, thereby made the generation of new interface or bubble become easier.
The using method of air entrapment agent of the present invention:
(1) volume (powder product) at cement concrete is generally cement consumption (weight) 1～0.06%;
When (2) using, directly add concrete or the back that is dissolved in the water adds to stir in the concrete and gets final product with other admixture.Churning time generally prolonged for 30～45 seconds than normal churning time, and total churning time is controlled at 2～4 minutes for good, and other agitating procedure remains unchanged.
The advantage and the effect of air entrapment agent of the present invention are as follows:
(1) controlling of production process is simple, easy to operate, has very extensive applicability;
(2) water-reducing rate is greater than 6%;
(3) segregation and bleeding obviously reduce;
(4) concrete crushing strength rate of loss, the loss of strength rate that the per unit air content causes is less than 3%;
(5) when air content is not more than 6%, concrete flexural strength can improve 10～30%;
(6) frost resistance improves more than 8 times;
(7) the deicer-scaling resistance raising is more than 5 times;
(8) other weather resistance such as salt crystallization crush bad, alkali destruction etc. and also obviously improve;
(9) water-soluble and good with the plyability of other admixture.
Embodiment
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Embodiment 1: adopt water-soluble method to refine the processing step of triterpenoid saponin: adopting Chinese honey locust, go seed, fragmentation, is the sieve of 2.5mm with the aperture.With Chinese honey locust: the ratio of water=1: 2, in water, soaked 1 day in advance, in container, decoct about 4 hours, with pressure filter the Chinese honey locust slag is removed, in container, concentrate into about 25% solution, add 3% yellow soda ash, mixed 20 minutes, obtain liquid product.150 ℃ of following spraying dryings, get the solid, powdery product again.
The liquid or solid air entrapment agent product that obtains in this way all can obtain satisfactory performance, but product contains certain insolubles.
Embodiment 2: the processing condition of refining triterpenoid saponin are identical with embodiment 1, and raw material changes tea seed cake into.It is still more satisfied to refine the air entrapment agent product performance obtain with tea seed cake, but poor slightly than Chinese honey locust.In order to obtain identical air content in concrete, the air entrapment agent volume will suitably increase.
Embodiment 3: the application of air entrapment agent of the present invention in concrete illustrate with concrete proportioning, i.e. cement: water: sand: stone=350: 144: 567: 1256 (kg/m
3), the volume of this air entrapment agent is 0.02% of a cement consumption, mixes 2% molasses type ordinary water-reducing agent simultaneously, the maximum grain warp of aggregate is 31.5mm.The slump 45mm of fresh concrete, air content is 4.8%; 28 days ultimate compression strength of maturing are 42.7MPa, and folding strength is 6.93MPa, and the modulus of moving relatively after 300 fast freeze-thaw circulations is up to 94%.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of concrete works air entrapment agent is characterized in that it being to refine the triterpenoid saponin that obtains from the natural phant that is rich in triterpenoid saponin.
2, air entrapment agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that said natural phant is Chinese honey locust, wooden peanut, Wood of Shinyleaf Yellowhorn, tea seed cake, paulownia husband.
3, a kind of preparation method of air entrapment agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that stripping triterpenoid saponin composition from plant material, separates, is condensed into liquid product then with residue, and concrete processing step is as follows:
(1) pulverize: the plant material that is rich in triterpenoid saponin is pulverized, and it can be the sieve of 2.5mm by the aperture that particle requires;
(2) boil and endure: temperature is 95～150 ℃, and the time is 2～4 hours;
(3) press filtration: liquid is separated with solid material slag;
(4) concentrate: require to be concentrated into solid content and be 20～40% liquid;
(5) mix: add modified material yellow soda ash, add-on is the 0-3% of gross weight, and mixing time is 10～30 minutes, gets liquid product, and solid content is 20-40%.
4, the preparation method of air entrapment agent according to claim 3 is characterized in that further carrying out spraying drying, and temperature is 100-200 ℃, gets the powdery solid product.
5, a kind of using method of air entrapment agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
(1) incorporation of powder product air entrapment agent is the 0.01-0.06% of cement consumption in the cement concrete;
(2) directly add concrete with other admixture, or the back that is dissolved in the water adds in the concrete churning time 2-4 minute.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02137480 CN1415570A (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2002-10-16 | Air entraining agent of triterpenoid saponin utilized in concrete work |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02137480 CN1415570A (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2002-10-16 | Air entraining agent of triterpenoid saponin utilized in concrete work |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1415570A true CN1415570A (en) | 2003-05-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02137480 Pending CN1415570A (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2002-10-16 | Air entraining agent of triterpenoid saponin utilized in concrete work |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100337964C (en) * | 2006-02-16 | 2007-09-19 | 江苏博特新材料有限公司 | Concrete air-entrainer |
| CN103012541A (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2013-04-03 | 杭州中野天然植物科技有限公司 | Midbody of structure modified type tea-oil saponin and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106316187A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-11 | 周荣 | Preparation method of natural plant-based concrete air entraining agent |
-
2002
- 2002-10-16 CN CN 02137480 patent/CN1415570A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100337964C (en) * | 2006-02-16 | 2007-09-19 | 江苏博特新材料有限公司 | Concrete air-entrainer |
| CN103012541A (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2013-04-03 | 杭州中野天然植物科技有限公司 | Midbody of structure modified type tea-oil saponin and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103012541B (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2014-12-10 | 青田中野天然植物科技有限公司 | Midbody of structure modified type tea-oil saponin and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106316187A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-11 | 周荣 | Preparation method of natural plant-based concrete air entraining agent |
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| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
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