CN1414500A - Teaching quality evaluation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The system for evaluating the teaching quality effectively is created by using the computer technique synthetically. The system includes the database provides the matchematical formula for evaluating the teaching information the user interface part with the menu and the instructions reflecting the teaching state. The system can reflect the factors of the teachers, the students and the teaching materials, and provides the perfect research condition.

Description

A kind of teaching quality evaluation system

One, technical field: the present invention relates to education, particularly a kind of teaching quality evaluation system.

Two, background technology: teaching quality evaluation is that people thirst for realizing and the hope failing so far to realize for a long time.Make a general survey of the history of over half a century educational engineering development, no matter be radio, magic lantern, film, TV, recording, video, the programmed instruction of learning, computing machine, computer-aided instruction, multimedia, network, so that up-to-date virtual college all fails effectively to address this problem.Quality of instruction is difficult to control, and this is because study is a kind of higher nervous activity, occurs in brain inside, and people lack the means of the intervention of observation directly perceived.It is considered herein that the intelligence and nonintellectual factor and the teacher's factor that are containing the student in the total marks of the examination, and they will be analyzed come out just mathematics and psychology technical matters from achievement, do not exist in logic cannot, can the scientific evaluation quality of instruction.

Three, summary of the invention: technical matters solved by the invention is by psychology and mathematical technique analysis to learner's total marks of the examination, teacher's factor and students' factor are separated from student performance, investigate respectively and estimate, and quantize formal representation with form or curve map etc.Assessment item to students' factor comprises: cognitive factor, vivid extensive degree, thinking ability, ability to accept, effort situation, the factor of listening to the teacher, creative potential, three degree factors etc.Assessment item to teacher's factor comprises: the factor of giving lessons, the comprehensive effect of teaching etc.The technical solution adopted in the present invention is like this, a kind of teaching quality evaluation system, Application and Development software, to measure by subject examination and psychology and obtain raw data, import this evaluation system, the processing of the basic mathematical expression formula through setting up obtains final data, and these data can be expressed in modes such as curve map, form or post marks, thereby the reflection quality of instruction is characterized in that (one), database: $V_z=\frac{Z(x-f-y)\·\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}D[\mathrm{tc}(x-f-y),{\mathrm{tc}}^{\′}(x-f-y){]}_{P_i}}{t}----\left(1\right)$ $V_s=\frac{S(x-f-y)\·\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}D[\mathrm{tc}(x-f-y),{\mathrm{tc}}^{\′}(x-f-y){]}_{P_i}}{t}----\left(2\right)$ S＝δ·Z(δ≤1)(3)δ＝jfcosα，α∈[0，90°)(4) $R=\frac{\underset{h=1}{\overset{3}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{F}_{i,h}}{\underset{h=1}{\overset{3}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{f}_{i,h}}---\left(5\right)---a=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{\mathrm{lotc}{(x-f-y)}_{P_i}}{m_i}(m\∈N,n\∈N)---\left(6\right)$ V _s=aRf=V _SNF (7) C=qR (8) f=kh (9) is an Annex IV derivation formula in addition: $j\cos \mathrm{\α}=\frac{S}{\mathrm{zf}}$ $\stackrel{\‾}{f}=\frac{\underset{n=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{f}_n}{i}---\stackrel{\‾}{k}=\frac{\underset{n=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{k}_n}{i}---\stackrel{\‾}{h}=\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{f}}{\stackrel{\‾}{k}}$ Wherein, formula 1:

Z: the need professor's who formulates in outline regulation or the teaching programme knowledge total amount.Theoretical value is the contained node sum of full detail chain in the teaching by units content, generally gets in the application and does 100, also can obtain its " equivalence " value with 100 through certain mathematics manipulation according to actual needs.

T: be that the instructional blocks of time of one-time continuous or one section can be thought continuous period, in order to weigh the length of instructional blocks of time.Usually value be 45 minutes integral multiple or halves, 1 year etc., need decide by teaching practice.

D: for about P _iThe input information chain tc (x-f-y) of aspect and two degree intrinsic information chain tc ' relative distance (x-f-y).Computing method are referring to " thinking mathematics draws opinion " (Meng Kaitao, Science Press, 1991).

V _z: the teacher teaches the speed of knowledge, i.e. the knowledge total amount that the teacher is taught in the unit interval.In order to weigh the speed that t imparted knowledge to students in the time.If t value halves or 1 year, V _zAlso can be in order to weigh teaching process.V _zThe good and bad factor that does not contain quality of instruction and teaching method, its value is only relevant with the value of Z and t.The quality of quality of instruction and teaching method always all for the student, does not have absolute outstanding teaching method.So, although can obtain different V with diverse ways _z, the method factor can not be belonged to V _z

Illustrate: in the scope of certain degree, t one timing, Z is proportional to V _z, promptly the knowledge of outline regulation is many more, and the teacher teaches speed and just must increase; If V _zNecessarily, then can only solve class hour by increasing.But when having broken through this and spend, this formula is no longer suitable.Here, degree mainly refers to the limit of student's ability to accept and teaching job ability.Formula 2:

S:t is in the time, the knowledge total amount that the accepted teacher of student lectures.So-called accept to be meant that the information of new input cognitive system reached coupling fully with this systemic-function, show as and to understand and to use, generally do being entitled as standard,, also can directly adopt total marks of the examination so its value can be obtained through certain mathematics manipulation by total marks of the examination with examination.

T: the same.

D: the same.

V _S: the student accepts the average velocity of knowledge at t in the time, be a major parameter weighing student's ability to accept, can represent the ability to accept of student to new knowledge roughly, is called the classroom ability to accept.To large-scale V _SInvestigate, also can be used as a reference data of programming.

Illustrate: 1, this formula and formula (1) have the similar scope of application, have surpassed this degree, and formula is no longer suitable.This spends just so-called maximum academic potential.

2, when t gets halves or 1 year, S should not comprise the value that reduces owing to forgeing, promptly do not consider to forget factor, in other words should said the class 7-14 days in take an exam, or interval time is longer, but should allow the student have time enough to review before examination, so that do not influence reliability and validity by the paper measurement data.Formula 3:

δ: the anti-interference factor of tutoring system.It is the factor sum total that all obstruction students of opposing accept knowledge.The δ value is mainly in order to regulate the numerical relation between S and the Z.The δ value is calculated by this formula.Because S is always smaller or equal to Z, so δ≤1.Formula 4:

J: teacher's factor.In order to weigh the teachers' instruction effect.Its value can be calculated by (1), (2), (3), (6) formula through relevant data is measured by general or typical class again.By contrast, traditional method of estimating the teacher by modes such as commenting class or democratic appraisal not only not enough science but also stiff, unilateral that seems.Because master control person's (teacher) object of action is controlled person (student), so teacher's achievement should be reflected by the student, and should teach students in accordance with their aptitude for different students.

F: student's factor.Comprise the student listen to the teacher efficient, class down factors such as effort situation to the influence of results of learning.Its value is derived by (1), (2), (3), (4), (6) formula.

" respective differences " angle of α: j and f in order to weigh the cooperate degree of j and f, is called teachers and students' Function Coupling degree.The α span be [0,90 °).This phenomenon is arranged in teaching practice, though teacher's method of giving lessons and student's the method for listening to the teacher no problem all, teaching efficiency is not ideal.Reason is likely the inartful factor incompatibilities such as give lessons style of student to the teacher, and promptly the α value is too big.

Illustrate: 1, independent school grade such as V from the student _SOr S value judge quality of teachers is irrational.Can find out that by formula δ=jfcos α though the j value is very high, α is very big, can cause the δ value less equally.It is considered herein that, in the ratio of the knowledge quantity that the student grasps and total knowledge quantity that the teacher teaches, remove the remaining teacher's factor that is only of students' factor and teachers and students' Function Coupling degree factor, (promptly $j\cos \mathrm{\α}=\frac{S}{\mathrm{zf}}$ ), such evaluation is just more reasonable.

2, the internal cause of decision δ is j, f, α, rather than S or Z among the S=δ Z.Formula 5:

R: vivid extensive degree, in order to weigh imaginal thinking capability, in author's theory, imaginal thinking capability is maximum, the most important component of contribution in people's the thinking ability, therefore, also weighs people's thinking ability with it in this model.Its theoretical value is calculated by this formula.Molecule wherein F _{I, n}For a certain image and three spatial networks are reached the end of the chain number summation of coupling, denominator

f _{I, n}It is the end of the chain number summation of three spatial thought networks.End of the chain number can be by inquiring that to tested test draws with a certain image.Formula 6:

A: for certain cognitive system about P _iThe cognitive factor of aspect is called for short cognitive factor, in order to weigh student's cognitive ability.

Lotc (x-f-y), be one about P _iMessage sense, may well ask the measured with this message sense, until till measured oneself thought that information has been accepted, the record measured accepted the number of times that this message sense compares, and promptly becomes node number-m with intrinsic link coupling.

The a value is big, indicates that student's cognitive system is beneficial to the acceptance to later classroom knowledge; The a value is little, and is then opposite.Formula 7:

Illustrate: 1, this formula is different with (2) formula implication, and (2) formula is an empirical formula, is used for measurement data more, and the element in (2) formula is not to influence V _SInternal cause or deciding factor, influence V _SStable internal cause be a and R, i.e. V _SN

2, in teaching, be raising student's S, need to improve V _SN, improving V _SNThe time, should cast aside the factor of a as far as possible, to start with from R, otherwise will limit student's creativity, this point hereinafter describes in detail.And traditional philisophy of teaching is to improve a to improve V _SN, the result causes examination capacity height, consequence that creativity is low.Exam-oriented education just is being this to the containment of creativity.

3, V _SNBe to influence the ballast that the student accepts self inside of knowledge, be called ability to accept (V _SN=aR), and V _SOnly refer to ability to accept, be subjected to the influence of the classroom atmosphere and the state of listening to the teacher, be called the classroom ability to accept classroom knowledge.Formula 8:

C: creative potential value.Be different from creativity, just determine the more stable internal factor of creativity.In order to weigh student's self creation quality.C value formula thus calculates, and should not measure.Creativity is relevant with knowledge quantity, and C and knowledge quantity are irrelevant.

Q: three degree factors.Comprise of the influence of student's factor such as emotion, personality, world outlook, outlook on life to creativity.The q value draws by measuring psychologic test questionnaire.

Illustrate: 1, q and R are the decisive internal causes of C in this formula, are student's self a kind of more stable quality, do not contain external cause relevant with creation and less important probable factor in this formula.

If 2 offer a course that cultivate to create quality to the student, then C value size equals the V that calculated by (1), (2), (3), (7) formula _SNValue, the q value just can be calculated by this formula like this, has avoided the q value to be difficult for the difficulty of measuring.Formula 9:

K: student's factor of listening to the teacher, in order to weigh student's efficient of listening to the teacher.It comprises: factors such as the method for listening to the teacher, notice, custom, personality are to the influence of the efficient of listening to the teacher.The K value can be drawn by following method: said newly after class and have just measured that afternoon or second day, should not point out the student to take an examination in advance, do not carried out the chance of " effort " to the student, so just reduced the influence of h value as far as possible.Exam score warp (1), (2), (3), (4), (7) formula Combined Treatment draw the f value, at this moment f ≈ k.Examine again after one week, equally to student prompting, because what will survey is the effort situation of student under the state of nature, f=kh this time, the k value can not become greatly in the week, so get the k value that recorded last time.Like this, behind 1 year or the halves, draw $\stackrel{\‾}{f}=\frac{\underset{n=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{f}_n}{i}$ And $\stackrel{\‾}{k}=\frac{\underset{n=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{k}_n}{i}$ , so just obtain in this term all values of effort of this life $\stackrel{\‾}{h=}\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{f}}{\stackrel{\‾}{k}}.$

H: student's effort value.Because the fluctuating characteristics of learning motivation make the h value lose its instantaneous meaning, so generally average.

Illustrate: because the student has " tending to go overboard on one or some subjects " phenomenon to different subjects, so different subject students' k and h had certain difference.The phenomenon of " tending to go overboard on one or some subjects " can be understood like this: 1. the general quality of students intelligence is fit to a certain section, and then the h of this section is big; 2. which section the student likes, must pay more effort, and then h is big.(2), user interface:

The one-level menu screen shows: as shown in Figure 1.

If one-level menu choosing " A ", carriage return enters second-level menu, screen display: as shown in Figure 2.

After this menu input finishes,, and, enter three-stage menu, screen display: as shown in Figure 3 by " next stage " by " determining " key.

If in second-level menu, the test number of times is input as " n ", " input number of times record " in three-stage menu finally becomes " n " with the number of times of " data input " successively by " 0 " so, screen prompt this moment " the data input is full; please by definite key ", when again by " next stage ", the display process result of system.For the convenience of the user, system's setting " fixed value selection ", have 5 alternative, selected item is in ensuing " n " inferior numerical value input process, its value need not be imported at every turn, all is fixed as certain value that the user is provided with." form selection " item means the final expression-form of selecting data, and " curvilinear style ", " sheet format ", " post mark formula " etc. are arranged.By " next stage ", enter the level Four menu, screen display: as shown in Figure 4 against existing technologies, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, prior art can't analyze non-dominance factors such as student's intelligence and non-intelligence quantitatively from the student examination achievement, can not realize the whole process to intelligence in the students'learning and nonintellectual factor state of development, objective, monitoring quantitatively.

2, existing psychology to students intelligence and nonintellectual factor measure since can't with course teaching hook and complicated operations process, therefore do not possess and popularize and ease for operation, and these defectives just the present invention can remedy.

3, can from exam score, analyze multinomial intelligence of student and nonintellectual factor because of the present invention, thereby can break away from the blindness of mark is pursued, make the educator can from teaching and examination, see students intelligence and nonintellectual factor state of development and in good time focal points and the dynamics adjusted clearly, thereby the track that these means of examination is withdrawn into " quality-oriented education " from " exam-oriented education " pursued the blindness of mark comes, and makes the correct guide effect of this baton performance of teaching evaluation.

4, the present invention be owing to can analyze student's creative potential value from total marks of the examination, thereby can play clear, clear and definite directive function to student's cultivate Innovation Ability.

5, the present invention can get rid of students' factor and analyzes teacher's factor from the student examination achievement, therefore can change in the past subjectivity and ambiguity to the teaching job performance evaluation, realization is to quantification science, objective, real meaning of teachers ' teaching effect examination, rather than simply weigh teaching job with student's average mark or total points, thereby the unfairness of avoiding the difference because of students intelligence not of the same class and non-intelligence situation to bring the evaluation of teacher influences.

6, using major technique of the present invention can also carry out quantitative test to the mental factor that is comprised in paper or the teaching material, as the cognitive structure of teaching material etc.This work of writing for teaching material has good guiding value.

Four, description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a kind of teaching quality evaluation system of the present invention, one-level menu screen displayed map.

Fig. 2 is a kind of teaching quality evaluation system of the present invention, second-level menu screen display figure.

Fig. 3 is a kind of teaching quality evaluation system of the present invention, three-stage menu screen display figure.

Fig. 4 is a kind of teaching quality evaluation system of the present invention, level Four menu screen displayed map.

Five, embodiment: Application and Development software, the raw data that gets through the examinations and mental measurement obtains is imported this evaluation system.Mathematics manipulation through native system obtains final data.These data can be expressed in modes such as curve map, form or post marks, are convenient to teacher's cognition directly perceived.Specifically:

1, gathers raw data

(1) obtains corresponding subject exam score by the subject examination;

(2) obtain the extensive degree of student image and two data of three degree factors by the psychology survey.

2, floppy disk is inserted main frame and enter this supervisory system, according to system suggestion above-mentioned three kinds of data are imported the relevant position by keyboard, operate according to prompting again.

3, the data input finishes, and by behind " determining " key, will demonstrate final process result on the display screen, curve map or form.

4, according to system suggestion menu can be selected to compare between the student, and the individual students longitudinal comparison relatively waits between class, and this comparison is with the demonstration of rising and falling of curve.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of teaching quality evaluation system, Application and Development software, to measure by subject examination and psychology and obtain raw data, import this evaluation system, the processing of the basic mathematical expression formula through setting up obtains final data, and these data can be expressed the reflection quality of instruction with curve map, form or post mark etc.;

2, a kind of teaching quality evaluation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that database, the basic mathematical expression formula: $V_z=\frac{Z(x-f-y)\·\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}D[\mathrm{tc}(x-f-y),{\mathrm{tc}}^{\′}(x-f-y){]}_{P_i}}{t}----\left(1\right)$ $V_s=\frac{S(x-f-y)\·\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}D[\mathrm{tc}(x-f-y),{\mathrm{tc}}^{\′}(x-f-y){]}_{P_i}}{t}----\left(2\right)$ S＝δ·Z(δ≤1)(3)δ＝jfcosα，α∈[0，90°)(4) $R=\frac{\underset{h=1}{\overset{3}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{F}_{i,h}}{\underset{h=1}{\overset{3}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{f}_{i,h}}---\left(5\right)---a=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{\mathrm{lotc}{(x-f-y)}_{P_i}}{m_i}(m\∈N,n\∈N)---\left(6\right)$ V _s＝a·R·f＝V _SN·f(7)C＝q·R(8)f-k·h(9)

3, a kind of teaching quality evaluation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that four derivation formulas of database: $j\cos \mathrm{\α}=\frac{S}{\mathrm{zf}}$ $\stackrel{\‾}{f}=\frac{\underset{n=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{f}_n}{i}---\stackrel{\‾}{k}=\frac{\underset{n=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{k}_n}{i}---\stackrel{\‾}{h}=\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{f}}{\stackrel{\‾}{k}}$

4, a kind of teaching quality evaluation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that user-interface design (one-level menu) Withdraw from Next stage Help Function A: individual students longitudinal comparison B: lateral comparison C between the student: interclass is D relatively: interschool relatively E: individual teacher longitudinal comparison F: lateral comparison G between the teacher: teachers ' teaching achievement comprehensive evaluation H: student's score of each subject ordering I: if database is one-level menu choosing " A ", carriage return enters second-level menu, screen display:

After this menu input finishes,, and, enter three-stage menu, screen display by " next stage " by " determining " key: If in second-level menu, the test number of times is input as " n ", " input number of times record " in three-stage menu finally becomes " n " with the number of times of " data input " successively by " 0 " so, screen prompt this moment " the data input is full; please by definite key ", when again by " next stage ", the display process result of system.For the convenience of the user, system's setting " fixed value selection ", have 5 alternative, selected item is in ensuing " n " inferior numerical value input process, its value need not be imported at every turn, all is fixed as certain value that the user is provided with." form selection " item means the final expression-form of selecting data, and " curvilinear style ", " sheet format ", " post mark formula " etc. are arranged.By " next stage ", screen display:

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