CN1414118A - Production method of small square billet continuous casting bearing steel - Google Patents
Production method of small square billet continuous casting bearing steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN1414118A CN1414118A CN02112241A CN02112241A CN1414118A CN 1414118 A CN1414118 A CN 1414118A CN 02112241 A CN02112241 A CN 02112241A CN 02112241 A CN02112241 A CN 02112241A CN 1414118 A CN1414118 A CN 1414118A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009847 ladle furnace Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QFGIVKNKFPCKAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[C] Chemical compound [Mn].[C] QFGIVKNKFPCKAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000018875 hypoxemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000720 Silicomanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- FXNGWBDIVIGISM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynechromium Chemical group [Cr]#[C] FXNGWBDIVIGISM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
A technology for conticasting bearing steel by means of small square billets includes such steps as primarily smelting low-P molten steel by DC electric furnace, refining low-O, low-S and low-Ti molten steel by refining furnace, refining in vacuum furnace for decreasing H, O, Ti and S, pouring, molten steel in lalde, and conticasting. Its product effect rolled has longer fatigue lift.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the smelting and the casting process of metallurgy industry steel alloy, refer in particular to the smelting and casting production method of bearing steel.
Background technology
A large amount of research makes and it is found that: classical bearing steel die casting technology, because " precipitation " effect of equiax crystal makes the bottom that concentrates on steel ingot with the oxide compound of equiax crystal association; And the principle of enrichment impurity element makes sulfide concentrate on the first half of steel ingot height in the molten steel that finally solidifies; Then appear at the center of steel ingot for the largest particle of carbide in another vital steel of bearing steel.Therefore, further improve the homogeneity of bearing steel, must adopt continuous casting technology, oxide compound in the steel, sulfide and carbide more vertically are distributed in the continuously cast bloom to property.
Adopt continuous casting technology to produce high-carbon-chromium bearing steel, abroad just occur, domestic special steel enterprise begin one's study in the nineties smelting and the continuous casting technology of high-carbon-chromium bearing steel as far back as the eighties.Because the tooling not enough with relevant to the clarity control of molten steel is supporting incomplete, easily produce center segregation and center porosity problem, therefore, special steel enterprise generally all adopts the continuous casting-rolling production method of bloom continuous casting base one fire or two fire both at home and abroad, utilizes bigger metal compression ratio to improve the quality of finished product material.From relevant documents and materials: external compression ratio is greater than 15-20 (calculating continuously cast bloom section 280mm more than), in February, 2002, Aktiebolaget SKF's interchange data; Domestic compression ratio minimum is 14, " bearing steel ", the 1st edition the 288th page of November in 2000, metallurgical industry press.
Summary of the invention
The present invention develops a kind of production method of small square billet continuous casting bearing steel, by the refining of the first refining of electric furnace and ladle furnace and vacuum oven, the cast of continuous caster, produces oxygen content in steel, sulphur content and titanium content and is not more than 10 * 10 respectively
-6, 0.010%, 50 * 10
-6The little square billet (120 * 120mm of continuous-casting bearing steel
2, 140 * 140mm
2, 160 * 160mm
2), finally roll out the continuous-casting bearing steel finished product material of ∮ 50mm following (the compression ratio minimum is 9.98), the bearing steel cost is obviously descended, can satisfy the requirement of bearing producer.
The production method of small square billet continuous casting bearing steel provided by the invention, it is characterized in that: adopt five-step approach smelting technology flow process, direct current furnace more than 60 tons just refine (refining slag, various essential iron alloy, carburelant and aluminium deoxidizer are added in EBT tapping)-→ ladle furnace refining (BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING) of corresponding tonnage-→ the vacuum oven degassing of corresponding tonnage-→ steel ladle pouring--the little square billet (120 * 120mm of tundish continuous-casting bearing steel
2, 140 * 140mm
2, 160 * 160mm
2).
The first step, in the direct current furnace more than 60 tons, carry out the low phosphatization of steel-making liquid just, residual phosphorus content in the steel is reduced to below 0.015% (if the residual phosphorus content in the steel is greater than 0.015%, then increase the poly-partially and enrichment of crystal boundary and aggravate the generation of liquation carbide, and the separating out of the proeutectoid carbide can aggravate austenitizing the time).
(1) in the direct current furnace more than 60 tons (if its capacity is less than 60 tons, so, during electric furnace steel tapping, oxidation sludge in the electric furnace be difficult for being blocked and enter the residual phosphorus content that makes in the ladle in the molten steel increase), become the interior molten steel of 1560～1650 ℃ of temperature ranges by feeding galvanic current and input oxygen, make the furnace charge fusing of packing into;
(2) intermittently flow out oxidisability slag (for example, CaO 〉=20%; FeO 〉=30%; SiO
2〉=7%; MnO≤10%; MgO≤10%) and replenish and to be not more than the lime of 8 kilograms of/ton steel (if lime consumption is greater than 8 kilograms of/ton steel, then the residual phosphorus content in making steel is reduced under the prerequisite below 0.008%, prolong the tap to tap time of every stove molten steel more than 10 minutes, power consumption increases more than 5%);
(3) (the oxygen supply amount makes residual phosphorus content in the steel 0.015 * 10 less than 20 cubic metres of/ton steel to import the oxygen of 20～40 cubic metres of/ton steel in molten steel
-6More than, make greater than 40 cubic metres of/ton steel to prolong 10～15 minutes tap to tap time, iron and steel stock consumption increases by 1～2%);
Second step, on AC system ladle refining furnace (capacity and direct current furnace are complementary), carry out hypoxemia, low-sulfur and the low-titaniumize of refining liquid steel, make oxygen level, sulphur content, the titanium content of refining liquid steel drop to 10 * 10
-6, 0.010%, 50 * 10
-6Below:
(1) ladle lining that collects molten steel is Al
2O
3-MgO-C brick, slag line are the MgO-C brick.If use other ladle linings, then can be because of the content height of the titanium dioxide in its refractory materials, cause that titanium content increases in the molten steel.
(2) in the direct current furnace tapping, in collecting the ladle of molten steel, add the fine aluminium reductor of special slag charge, alloy, carburelant and 1～3 kilogram of/ton steel.
Special slag charge composition: the silica (SiO of the lime of 80-90% (CaO is greater than 80%), 10-20%
2Greater than 90%); Alloy comprises: (titanium content is not more than 200 * 10 to the medium carbon ferrochrome of 10～20 kilograms of/ton steel
-6) or be equal to chromium content other ferrochrome of low-carbon (LC) (titanium content is not more than 200 * 10
-6), the carbon-manganese alloy of 20～40 kilograms of/ton steel, contain the ferrosilicon of 20～30 kilograms of/ton steel of pure silicon; Carburelant is the coke (carbon content is more than 80%) of 5～10 kilograms of/ton steel.
(3) on the AC system ladle refining furnace, feed voltage 240 volts below, electric current is at 20000～35000 alternating currents between pacifying times.
(4) ladle bottom is blown into argon gas, and BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING intensity is controlled at 0.2～0.3MPa respectively.BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING intensity is excessive, causes slag-metal reaction, molten steel to wash away seriously ladle lining, makes oxide compound, sulfide and titaniferous compound in the slag or in the refractory materials enter molten steel and oxygen content in steel, sulphur content and titanium content are increased.BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING intensity is too small, and molten steel temperature and composition and slag-metal reaction are all inhomogeneous and abundant, causes the deoxidation of molten steel and inclusion thereof fully not to float, and alloy element is skewness in steel.
(5) molten steel temperature is controlled at 1500～1630 ℃.Make the solid slag on the molten steel be fused into liquid state, make molten steel and slag homogenizing on one side, rise by the continuous boiling of the argon gas bubbles of heat exchange and ladle bottom in one side, make chemical reaction takes place between the slag, simultaneously, deoxygenation in the steel and product thereof constantly adsorb rising, reach the purpose of steel liquid deoxidation and desulfurization.
(6) refining liquid steel tap to tap time is within 40～60 minutes.If the time caused less than 40 minutes: the solid slag on the molten steel might be fused into liquid state fully; Solid alloy in the molten steel and other materials skewness in molten steel; The deoxidation of molten steel is incomplete, and its deoxidation products floats in the slag on can't be fully and goes, and makes oxygen content in steel can not reach 10 * 10
-6Below; If the time was greater than 60 minutes, cause: the top layer of ladle lining is washed away for a long time by molten steel and is peeled off and enters molten steel, entering oxide compound in the fire-resistant top layer of molten steel and the titaniferous compound in titaniferous compound and the slag and oxide compound may be by the aluminium reducing in the steel, makes titanium content in the steel greater than 50 * 10
-6, oxygen content in steel is greater than 10 * 10
-6
The 3rd step, on vacuum oven (capacity and direct current furnace are complementary), refining liquid steel is carried out vacuum-treat, hydrogen richness in the steel is reduced to 1 * 10
-6Below, make titanium content, sulphur content, oxygen level in the steel be not more than 50 * 10 respectively
-6, 0.010%, 10 * 10
-6(if vacuum tightness does not reach 140Pa, molten steel and slag can not full and uniformization and reactions in 20～35 fens clock times, and the deoxidation products in the steel can not fully float, and oxygen in the steel and hydrogen richness can not reduce to 10 * 10 respectively by the condition of high vacuum degree below the 140Pa
-6Below and 1 * 10
-6Below), vacuum time is that 20～35 minutes and ladle bottom are blown into argon gas (vacuum BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING intensity: 0.1～0.2MPa), make molten steel and full and uniformization of slag and reaction, deoxidation products in the steel fully floats, and makes oxygen and hydrogen richness in the steel reduce to 10 * 10 respectively
-6Below and 1 * 10
-6Below, and make that titanium content is not more than 50 * 10 in the steel
-6If vacuum time caused less than 20 minutes: the steel liquid deoxidation product floats in the slag on can't be fully and goes, and oxygen content in steel can not reach 10 * 10
-6Below, sulphur content can not reach below 0.010%; If the time caused greater than 35 minutes: the top layer of ladle lining is washed away for a long time by molten steel and is peeled off and enters molten steel, and entering oxide compound in the fire-resistant top layer of molten steel and the titaniferous compound in titaniferous compound and the slag and oxide compound may be by the aluminium reducing in the steel.
The 4th step, the molten steel in the ladle is watered melting steel amount into greater than 10 tons T type tundish, clear up fully before using in the T type tundish, internal surface is as fire-resistant coating and the crack must not be arranged.(melting steel amount is too small, and to be mingled with floating interval of floating dock not enough for macrobead in the steel, easily produces the volume slag.) its casting rate be 1.5～2.5 tons of molten steel/minute.(casting rate is too fast, and molten steel overflows tundish; Casting rate is too slow, and the Molten Steel Flow instability reduces the continuous casting pulling rate, and pouring time is prolonged, and the secondary oxidation degree of molten steel increases, and is unfavorable for controlling oxygen content in steel.)
The little square billet of the 5th step tundish continuous-casting bearing steel, by the dummy head in the crystallizer molten steel in the tundish is entered in the crystallizer, the well-regulated vibration of crystallizer simultaneously makes molten steel in the process that progressively moves down, under the stirring of the magnetic stirrer of the cooling of the water coolant of the stirring of crystallizer magnetic stirrer, secondary cooling zone, secondary cooling zone end, be frozen into the little square billet (120 * 120mm of continuous-casting bearing steel gradually
2, 140 * 140mm
2, 160 * 160mm
2).
The superheating temperature of the molten steel in the tundish is controlled at that (superheating temperature is too high: steel billet easily cracks, and center segregation is serious, and continuously cast bloom shell thickness differs, and easily causes bleedout in 20-40 ℃; Superheating temperature is low excessively: be unfavorable for steel inclusion come-up, cause that easily the mouth of a river freezes, force cast to be interrupted.)。
The continuous casting pulling rate is controlled at 1.9-2.5m/min, and (pulling rate is too fast: the liquid core of continuous casting billet cave increases, and the continuously cast bloom shell is too thin, easily produces the bleedout accident.Pulling rate is slow excessively: influence continuous caster throughput.)。
Intensity of secondary cooling is controlled at 0.5-0.9L/kg, and (intensity of secondary cooling is excessive: be prone to crackle and subcrack and surface transverse cracks between continuously cast bloom surface and the center; Intensity of secondary cooling is too small: easily cause continuous casting billet skin temperature too high, creep takes place and produces the bulge defective in solidified shell easily.)。
The induction stirring system is: crystallizer induction stirring+solidification end induction stirring; The stirring technique parameter is: the crystallizer induction stirring is that (the crystallizer induction stirring is unidirectional rotation: help columnar organization is converted to the reduction of ingotism and equiaxed structure and segregation peak value in unidirectional rotation, help reducing the liquid steel temperature gradient of solid-liquid interface forward position integral body simultaneously, help equiax crystal forming core, survive and grow up; The crystallizer induction stirring is two-way rotation: be unfavorable for columnar organization is converted to the reduction of ingotism and equiaxed structure and segregation peak value.)。The solidification end induction stirring is that (the solidification end induction stirring is two-way rotation: help when alleviating center segregation, reduce the probability that negative segregation occurs in two-way rotation.The solidification end induction stirring is unidirectional rotation: be unfavorable for alleviating center segregation, and the probability of increase negative segregation), the timed interval is: 5-10 second 5-10 second forward 5-10 second-oppositely-5-10 second-oppositely ... (the two-way rotational time of solidification end induction stirring is long at interval: help encouraging the generation of segregation, be unfavorable for alleviating center segregation, and increase the probability of negative segregation.The two-way rotational time of solidification end induction stirring is too short at interval: means that stablize churning time too short, is unfavorable for alleviating center segregation, and the probability of increase negative segregation).
Compare with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1, molten steel clarity height: oxygen content in steel is not more than 10 * 10
-6, in the steel sulphur content be not more than 0.005% and steel in titanium content be not more than 50 * 10
-6
2, equipment and technology highly versatile: must not add specific equipment in addition; Its technology is suitable for the production of general high-carbon-chromium bearing steel.
3, the technology suitability is wide: both be suitable for the production of general high-carbon-chromium bearing steel, also be applicable to the production of high pure high carbon chromium bearing steel.
4, production cost is low: compare with die casting high-carbon-chromium bearing steel technology, the billet yield of steel improves more than 10%.
Specific embodiments
Certain Iron And Steel Company implements patent of the present invention, produce 2 stove steel (process data sees Table), its technical process is that 100 tons of direct current furnaces just refine (refining slag, various essential iron alloy, carburelant and aluminium deoxidizer are added in EBT tapping)---100 tons of ladle furnace refinings (BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING)---100 tons of vacuum ovens degassings---continuous casting.The first step in direct current furnace, feeds galvanic current and input oxygen, makes the furnace charge fusing of packing into become the interior molten steel of 1560～1650 ℃ of temperature ranges, the chemical ingredients scope (CaO 〉=20%:FeO 〉=30%:SiO of the oxidisability slag on the control molten steel
2〉=7%; MnO≤10%; MgO≤10%), the oxygen of about 29 cubic metres/ton of input steel intermittently flows out the oxidisability slag and replenishes the lime that is not more than 8 kilograms of/ton steel: the remaining titanium content in the steel is reduced to 5 * 10 in molten steel
-6Below.In second step, (1) collects the ladle of molten steel and prepares: the ladle lining that collects molten steel is Al
2O
3-MgO-C brick, slag line are the MgO-C brick; Cleaning fully before ladle uses, internal surface must not have cold steel and residue;
In the direct current furnace tapping, in collecting the ladle of molten steel, add the fine aluminium reductor of special slag charge, alloy, carburelant and 1～3 kilogram of/ton steel.Special slag charge composition: the silica (SiO of the lime of 80-90% (CaO is greater than 80%), 10-20%
2Greater than 90%); Alloy comprises: (titanium content is not more than 200 * 10 to the medium carbon ferrochrome of 10～20 kilograms of/ton steel
-6) or (titanium content is not more than 200 * 10 to be equal to other ferrochrome of low-carbon (LC) of chromium content
-6), the carbon-manganese alloy of 20～40 kilograms of/ton steel, contain the ferrosilicon of 20～30 kilograms of/ton steel of pure silicon; Carburelant is the coke (carbon content is more than 80%) of 5～10 kilograms of/ton steel; Reductor is the fine aluminium of 1～3 kilogram of/ton steel.(2) on 100 tons of AC system ladle refining furnaces, be blown into the argon gas that intensity is 0.25MPa by feeding alternating current (voltage is below 240 volts, and electric current is between 20000A～35000A) and ladle bottom.The temperature of molten steel is controlled at 1500-1630 ℃, make the solid slag on the molten steel be fused into liquid state, make molten steel and slag homogenizing on one side, rising by the continuous boiling of the argon gas bubbles of heat exchange and ladle bottom in one side, makes chemical reaction takes place between the slag, simultaneously, deoxygenation in the steel and product thereof constantly adsorb rising, reach the purpose of steel liquid deoxidation, thereby within 40-60 minute, make the oxygen of molten steel drop to 15 * 10
-6Below, sulphur content is not more than 0.0010%, and makes that titanium content is not more than 30 * 10 in the steel
-6The 3rd step, on 100 tons of vacuum ovens, condition of high vacuum degree, vacuum time by 67Pa is that 20～35 minutes and ladle bottom are blown into the argon gas that intensity is 0.15MPa, make molten steel and full and uniformization of slag and reaction, deoxidation products in the steel fully floats, and makes oxygen and hydrogen richness in the steel reduce to 10 * 10 respectively
-6Below and 1 * 10
-6Below, and make sulphur content be not more than 0.005% and steel in titanium content be not more than 50 * 10
-6The 4th step, with the molten steel in the ladle water into use before cleaning fully, internal surface as fire-resistant coating and must not crannied melting steel amount in 15 tons T type tundish, its casting rate be 2.4 tons of molten steel/minute.The 5th step, 5 machines, 5 stream casters, make the molten steel in the tundish divide 5 flow points not enter in 5 crystallizers by the dummy head in the crystallizer, well-regulated vibration by each crystallizer simultaneously makes molten steel in the process that progressively moves down, under the stirring of the magnetic stirrer of the cooling of the water coolant of the stirring of crystallizer magnetic stirrer, secondary cooling zone, secondary cooling zone end, be frozen into 140 * 140mm gradually
2Continuously cast bloom.
Implement 140 * 140mm that patent of the present invention is produced
2The bearing steel continuous cast billet rolls out the continuous-casting bearing steel finished product material of ∮ 50mm, and compression ratio reaches 9.98, and the center segregation of finished product material and center porosity grading reach GB/T-18254 national standard, contact fatigue life L
10=4.14～4.22 (are die casting material 1.9 times), L
50=11.9～12.5 (are die casting material 1.3 times) are satisfied the requirement of bearing producer.
The process data table 1 of continuous-casting bearing steel
| Operation | Project | First stove | Second stove |
| Direct current furnace | Molten steel temperature, ℃ | ?1580-1650 | ?1590-1650 |
| The oxygen consumption, cubic meter/ton steel | ?24 | ?31 | |
| The lime consumption, kilogram/ton steel | ?6 | ?8 | |
| Ladle furnace | Ladle lining | Inclusion: A12O3-MgO-C brick; Slag line: MgO-C brick | |
| The ladle cleaning | All | ||
| Special slag charge | Special lime: 900 kilograms: special silica: 150 kilograms: | Special lime: 800 kilograms: special silica: 100 kilograms: | |
| Alloy | Medium carbon ferrochrome or low carbon ferrochromium: iron silicomanganese; The silicon-containing alloy material | Medium carbon ferrochrome or low carbon ferrochromium: iron silicomanganese; The silicon-containing alloy material | |
| Carburelant, kilogram/ton steel | Coke: 6 | Coke: 9 | |
| The fine aluminium reductor, kilogram/ton steel | ?2.0 | ?2.5 | |
| bottom ARGON BLOWING intensity, MPa | ?0.22 | ?0.28 | |
| Molten steel temperature, ℃ | ?1505-1620 | ?1505-1620 | |
| Tap to tap time, min | ?55 | ?50 | |
| Vacuum oven | Vacuum tightness, Pa | ?67 | ?67 |
| The vacuum metling time, min | ?25 | ?30 | |
| Vacuum argon blowing intensity, MPa | ?0.15 | ?0.15 | |
Continuous table 1
| Operation | Project | First stove | Second stove |
| Casting | Ladle pouring speed, the ton molten steel/minute | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| The superheating temperature of the molten steel in the tundish, ℃ | 35 | 40 | |
| The continuous casting pulling rate, m/min | 2.0 | 2.1 | |
| Continuous casting two cold intensity, L/kg: | 0.7 | 0.8 | |
| The induction stirring system | Crystallizer induction stirring+solidification end induction stirring | ||
| Crystallizer induction stirring system | Unidirectional rotation | ||
| Solidification end induction stirring system | Two-way rotation | ||
| The solidification end induction stirring timed interval | 7 seconds-reverse 7 seconds-forward of forward 7 seconds-reverse 7 seconds | ||
| Phosphorus content in the steel, % | 0.013 | 0.013 | |
| Sulphur content in the steel, % | 0.009 | 0.005 | |
| Titanium content in the steel, % | 0.0032 | 0.0024 | |
| Oxygen content in steel, % | 0.0006 | 0.0007 | |
| Performance | The low power center porosity grading (GB/T-18254 national standard) of φ 50 finished product materials | 0 | 0 |
| The low power center segregation grading (GB/T-18254 national standard) of φ 50 finished product materials | 0 | 0 | |
| The contact fatigue life of φ 50 continuous casting finished product materials, L 10×10 7L 50×10 7 | 4.14 11.9 | 4.22 12.5 | |
| The contact fatigue life of φ 50 die casting finished product materials, L 10×10 7L 50×10 7 | 2.21 9.41 | ||
Claims (3)
1, the production method of small square billet continuous casting bearing steel, it is characterized in that direct current furnace more than 60 tons just refine (refining slag, various essential iron alloy, carburelant and aluminium deoxidizer are added in the EBT tapping)-→ ladle furnace refining (BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING) of corresponding tonnage-→ the vacuum oven degassing of corresponding tonnage-→ steel ladle pouring-→ the five-step approach smelting technology flow process of the little square billet of tundish continuous-casting bearing steel:
The first step, in direct current furnace, carry out the low phosphatization of steel-making liquid just, residual phosphorus content in the steel is reduced to below 0.015%: (1) feeds galvanic current and input oxygen in the direct current furnace more than 60 tons, makes the furnace charge fusing of packing into become the interior molten steel of 1560～1650 ℃ of temperature ranges; (2) intermittently flow out oxidisability slag (for example, CaO 〉=20%; FeO 〉=30%; SiO
2〉=7%; MnO≤10%; MgO≤10%) reaches the additional lime that is not more than 8 kilograms of/ton steel; (3) in molten steel, import the oxygen of 20～40 cubic metres of/ton steel;
Second step, on AC system ladle refining furnace (capacity and direct current furnace are complementary), carry out hypoxemia, low-sulfur and the low-titaniumize of refining liquid steel, make oxygen level, sulphur content, the titanium content of refining liquid steel drop to 10 * 10
-6, 0.010%, 50 * 10
-6Below: the ladle lining that (1) collects molten steel is Al
2O
3-MgO-C brick, slag line are the MgO-C brick;
(2) in the direct current furnace tapping, in collecting the ladle of molten steel, add special slag charge, alloy, 5～10 kilograms of cokes (carbon content is more than the 80%)/carburelant of ton steel and the fine aluminium reductor of 1～3 kilogram of/ton steel; (3) feed voltage 240 volts below, electric current is at 20000～35000 alternating currents between pacifying times; (4) ladle bottom is blown into argon gas, and BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING intensity is controlled at 0.2～0.3Mpa respectively; (5) molten steel temperature is controlled at 1500～1630 ℃; (6) refining liquid steel tap to tap time is within 40～60 minutes;
The 3rd step, on vacuum oven (capacity and direct current furnace are complementary), refining liquid steel is carried out vacuum-treat, hydrogen richness in the steel is reduced to 1 * 10
-6Below, make titanium content, sulphur content, oxygen level in the steel be not more than 50 * 10 respectively
-6, 0.010%, 10 * 10
-6: vacuum tightness is that 20～35 minutes, ladle bottom are blown into argon gas less than 140Pa, vacuum time, and Argon intensity is 0.1～0.2MPa;
The 4th step, the molten steel in the ladle is watered melting steel amount into greater than 10 tons T type tundish, clear up fully before using in the T type tundish, internal surface is as fire-resistant coating and the crack must not be arranged; Casting rate be 1.5～2.5 tons of molten steel/minute;
The 5th step, the little square billet of tundish continuous-casting bearing steel, by dummy head the molten steel in the tundish is entered in the crystallizer of regular vibration, under the stirring of the magnetic stirrer of the cooling of the water coolant of the stirring of crystallizer magnetic stirrer, secondary cooling zone, secondary cooling zone end, be frozen into the bearing steel continuous cast billet gradually: the superheating temperature of the molten steel in the tundish is controlled in 20-40 ℃; The continuous casting pulling rate is controlled at 1.9-2.5m/min; Intensity of secondary cooling is controlled at 0.5-0.9L/kg; The induction stirring system is that (timed interval is 5-10 second 5-10 second forward 5-10 second-oppositely-forward 5-10 second-oppositely for the crystallizer induction stirring+two-way rotation of unidirectional rotation ...) the solidification end induction stirring.
2, the production method of small square billet continuous casting bearing steel according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that ladle refining furnace carries out liquid steel refining, in the direct current furnace tapping, collecting the special slag charge composition that adds in the ladle of molten steel is special slag charge composition: the silica (SiO of the lime of 80-90% (CaO is greater than 80%), 10-20%
2Greater than 90%).
3, the production method of small square billet continuous casting bearing steel according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that ladle refining furnace carries out liquid steel refining, in the direct current furnace tapping, the alloy that adds in collecting the ladle of molten steel comprises: (titanium content is not more than 200 * 10 to the medium carbon ferrochrome of 10～20 kilograms of/ton steel
-6) or be equal to chromium content other ferrochrome of low-carbon (LC) (titanium content is not more than 200 * 10
-6), the carbon-manganese alloy of 20～40 kilograms of/ton steel, contain the ferrosilicon of 20～30 kilograms of/ton steel of pure silicon.
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| CN100519800C (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2009-07-29 | 攀枝花钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for producing low-oxygen high-carbon and high-chromium bearing steel by revolving furnace continuous casting technology |
| CN102383055A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-03-21 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Production method for reducing titanium content in high-carbon chromium bearing steel |
| CN103506589A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2014-01-15 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for improving isometric crystal ratio of high-carbon steel billet |
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| CN102383055A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-03-21 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Production method for reducing titanium content in high-carbon chromium bearing steel |
| CN102383055B (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-06-19 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Production method for reducing titanium content in high-carbon chromium bearing steel |
| CN103506589A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2014-01-15 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for improving isometric crystal ratio of high-carbon steel billet |
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| CN103990938B (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2017-04-05 | 江苏联峰能源装备有限公司 | With continuous casting billet Plastic Forming large scale bearing, the process of pinion steel |
| CN105478702A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-13 | 钢铁研究总院 | Method for refining TiC in TiC particle reinforced type wear-resistant steels |
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| CN106552910B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2018-07-17 | 建龙北满特殊钢有限责任公司 | A kind of continuous casting process reducing wind-powered electricity generation medium carbon steel continuous cast round billets carbon segregation |
| CN111349739A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-30 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Refining method for improving qualified rate of AISI3130 hot upsetting test of sucker rod steel |
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| CN113088799A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Low-cost ultrapure high-strength-toughness low-carbon stainless bearing steel and preparation method thereof |
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