CN1413461A - Plant soft farm chemicals - Google Patents
Plant soft farm chemicals Download PDFInfo
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- CN1413461A CN1413461A CN 02137118 CN02137118A CN1413461A CN 1413461 A CN1413461 A CN 1413461A CN 02137118 CN02137118 CN 02137118 CN 02137118 A CN02137118 A CN 02137118A CN 1413461 A CN1413461 A CN 1413461A
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- agricultural chemicals
- margosine
- nimes
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Abstract
An agricultural chemical for plants contains margosine (C35H44O16) and one or more of melianol, nimbin, terpenoid diene, etc. The extract of margosa's contains margosine, terpenoid diene with growth regulation function, lactide, flavonoid, etc. Its advantages are broad spectrum (more than 90% of insect), high selectivity and compatibility, and high safety.
Description
Technical field
A kind of novel Nimes plant soft agricultural chemicals of the present invention relate to a kind of agricultural chemicals, and its production and use, be the agricultural chemicals that prevents damage by disease and insect in the fertile system of Agro-ecology.
Background technology
For human health, the research and development that prevent damage by disease and insect in the fertile system of a large amount of Agro-ecology have been carried out.Particularly in the agricultural sustainable development process, fertilizer and agricultural chemicals that chronic administration is of value to environment seem very important.According to statistics, insect pest loss that cereal is caused is 44.1%; Potato class loss 6.5%; Carbohydrate loss 16.5%; Greengrocery loss 8.7%; Fruits loss 5.6%; Oil loss 11.5%; With fiber-like loss 14.2%.In view of the above, people just use agricultural chemicals, particularly insecticide in a large number, and its used minute distribution percentage is that cereal (paddy rice, wheat and corn) account for 38.4%; The fruits and vegetables class accounts for 24.7%; Oil plant and carbohydrate account for 12.9%; Fiber crop such as cotton account for 24.0%.Many insects also are harmful to the mankind except that harming the crops, also be simultaneously the mankind, animal and biological disease spread person.Nearly 10
6Insect species, it has accounted for 70% of animal varieties.The important insect sum in the whole world will be above 10000 kinds, and some insect then is beneficial to man.The mankind kill harmful insect for health and the relevant economic activity, particularly agricultural production meeting of protecting self.Relation about the use and the environmental protection of agricultural chemicals; many scientists all at discussion intensely about the infringement problem of reality and potentiality; but it is conspicuous that a fact is arranged; even by recommending usage amount to use, can there be considerable time in some agricultural chemicals really and have constituted pollution to the soil water body after use.In some instances, though working concentration is little, also be a serious threat.For example quail every day there is the Chinese mugwortization agent of 1PPM also can cause 100% death in the quantitative food.The recent international pact has been forbidden 12 kinds of organic pollutants again.Wherein 8 kinds is organochlorine insecticide, i.e. Chinese mugwortization agent, Niran, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, kill mosquito spirit, toxaphene and DDT.Finding to have outside many agricultural chemicals pollute the environment, the pesticide resistance of insect has also been brought new problem to agricultural chemicals.Be that consumption is increasing, insect more and more is not afraid of agricultural chemicals.The pesticide resistance of suffering some pesticide pollution and insect in view of environment strengthens, so scientist just turns to sight biopesticide (Bio-pesticides) and plant-type pesticide (Botanical pesticides).Become a urgent task to producing this class agricultural chemicals so far.As everyone knows, natural plants is at the development new dye, and medicine and agricultural chemicals aspect have become the key player that people pay close attention to.So far, the known plant resources that has thousands of kinds more than plant to can be used as agricultural chemicals.But only there be several can the demonstration to provide big potentiality as plant pesticide.Comprising famous pyrethrum fat, rotenone and nicotine etc.Pyrethrin system its insecticidal effect of extraction from the spending of feverfew (Chrysan Themun Cinerariiflolium) is excellent.Subsequently, people have researched and developed the follow-up goods of natural plants, i.e. synthetic product is as pyrethroid, carbamic acid, JH Counterfeit Item and many growth regulators.This class agricultural chemicals mostly nontoxic pollution-free and insecticidal effect significantly waits and continues in use.But because resource, financial resources and a technical difficult problem, and insecticidal spectrum extensively is not subjected to certain limitation.In order to further develop agricultural chemical of natural plant, found that now some plants have the material of active insecticidal components, as unsaturated isobutyl acid amide of coumarin etc.But its desinsection intensity only belongs to medium.
Chemical Control (control) damage by disease and insect is very remarkable with protection agricultural production effect, and technology maturation.Therefore, people are now not only with natural but also with two synthetic class agricultural chemicals.Obviously the latter increases fast in the global output and the scope of application, and has occupied leading position, though use synthetic pesticide to perform meritorious deeds never to be obliterated, intrinsic shortcoming occurred thereupon, and that is exactly that insect produces resistance and has the recovery ability; Shortage is to the selectivity of target insect with to the safety of non-target insect; The ecotope balance is difficult to selectivity treats, and can cause irreversible destruction, pollute thereby bring out serious environmental.Therefore, people turn to biopesticide and bio-fertilizer with notice, with those environmentally harmful agricultural chemicalses of part or all of replacement, and have the big business opportunity of tool on market.
Because excessive and continuously use chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, thereby cause serious pollution to environment.For solving this difficult problem.The many famous scientists in the whole world appeal and join together, and pollute for solving agricultural chemicals and fertilizer, reduce fertilizer loss, increase operation rate and have made many useful work.The agricultural chemicals made from biological (comprising plant) is called " soft " agricultural chemicals or environment friendly agricultural; The fertilizer made from biological (comprising plant) is called " environmental fertilizer ".
As everyone knows, use N fertilizer significantly to increase production, but its benefit depend on validity, price and the source of N fertilizer.Scientist studies confirm that, thermally distinguishes in the torrid zone and Asia especially, and the availability of N fertilizer is low.Therefore, for reducing the loss of N fertilizer, (1) N nutriment in a fertilizer phase repeatedly uses; (2) the fertile deep placement of N; (3) use the natural prodcuts that can delay nitrification; (4) use urease inhibitor.The latter two are referred to as agent of N fertilizer slow-release or the fertile synergist of N sometimes.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel Nimes plant soft agricultural chemicals.
The present invention is to be main insecticide with margosine, and its molecular formula is C
35H
44O
16, one or more in itself and sal element, melianol, nimbin and the class limonene etc. are combined.The margosine crystal is yellow green, has garlicky strongly.The present invention has effect to the insect more than 90%.
Preparation of the present invention can be extracted from natural plants margosa fruit.It is a strongest active component in the fruit extract.Margosine has 23 kinds of natural homologues approximately, but only has 10 kinds to name, i.e. margosine A, B, C, D, E, F, H, I and K.The margosa extract also has class limonene (Limonoids), KULANSUAN, the former class limonene of tool growth regulator characteristic and hands over fat, phenyl class diterpene, flavonoids and 125 kinds of compounds such as glucosides, condensed protein and heterocycle polysaccharide except that margosine.
The insecticide made from margosine is a kind of vegetable insecticide.The margosa semifinished product is widely used in pest control, uses 0.001% margosa fruit powder extract can prevent and treat desert locusts effectively.Margosa fruit powder has played anti-feedant to locust.The vegetable insecticide made from margosine is a kind of broad spectrum type insecticide, and it can prevent and treat 320 kinds of insects that comprise the various insects order effectively.The margosine agricultural chemicals is a kind of broad spectrum type insecticide.It has killing action to 320 kinds of insects of following 8 insect purposes: coleoptera, diptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, Homoptera, Lepidoptera, thrips, orthoptera, concrete insect has: medfly, the east fruit bat, face fly, horn fly, bluebottle, calliphorid, aleyrodid, housefly, the Chinese sorghum hippelates flavipes, the yellow fever mosquito, the family mosquito, flea, flea, the cucumber beetle, colorado potato beetle, common beetle, the meal beetle worm, Japanese beetle, the rouge and powder beetle, cockroach, bean aphid, the paddy rice cecidomyiia, thrips, diamond-back moth, the bag casemaking clothes moth, gypsymoth, cotton bollworm, pink bollworm, oriental tobacco budworm (tobacco budworm), the tobacco moth, cabbage looper, leaf miner, the spiral shell trace fly of diving, brown plant-hopper, green leaf hopper, migratory locusts, desert locust, grasshopper, cricket, large milkweed bug, a red-spotted lizard section, the fire ant, termite, cotton resembles, acanthoscelides obtectus, rice weevil, coccid, mythimna separata, autumn mythimna separata, sawfly and vegetable-crop pest-insect (general designations of insects), storage pest.Outside a little, Crustaceans, snail, nematode and acarid, fungi and bacterium, plant virus etc. all there is obvious effects.
The major function of margosine kill insects is: stop the growth of ovum, larva or pupa; Stop the decortication of larva or nymph; The ability of disturbing mating and property information to transmit; Anthelmintic action; Destruction is laid eggs; Weaken the effective efficiency of intestinal absorption ability and prevention esophagus; Suppress the synthetic of chitin (chitin) and destroy the interference insect transformation.
Margosine is selective to target insect, and is then fool proof to non-target insect and microorganism.For example all harmless to azotobacter useful in useful insectivore and parasite (bacterium), honeybee and the soil etc.The insecticidal mechanism of margosine has: disturb and destroy ovum, the growth of larva and pupa; Stop the decortication of larva or nymph; Hinder mating and destructive information interchange; The expeling effect; Inhibition is laid eggs, and makes insect sterile; Make insect suppress food; Reduce intestinal absorption ability and stop feed; Suppress chitinous synthetic; Disturb and the transformation of inhibition insect.
The margosine agricultural chemicals has powerful selectivity to target organisms, and as safe as a house to non-target beneficial organism, as the azotobacter in the soil, predaceous bugs, parasitic insect and honeybee etc. are harmless.Safe in utilization, be beneficial to the ecological balance, simultaneously, botanical pesticide and other biopesticide and usefulness so that margosine is made have good compatibility as B.T. and NPV etc.
Margosine can suppress or disturb some fungi to produce very harmful aflatoxin, and is then harmless to fungi.Therefore, agricultural product and food quality thereof are improved greatly.Some agricultural product that everybody knows such as corn, soybean etc. can be suffered infecting of fungi and be produced highly toxic aflatoxins.In the world, having or not aflatoxins and content thereof in the agricultural product is very important test stone.Behind margosine processing agricultural product, can suppress the biosynthesis of aflatoxins significantly, in the agricultural product of handling, aflatoxins content is the 8.5mg/g seed; Untreated is the 38.7mg/g seed.
Because the broad spectrum activity of margosine agricultural chemicals, selective can be widely used on agricultural exports or the safety food.For example Chu Kou fruit, tealeaves and coffee, vegetables and other agricultural product.
The desinsection of margosine agricultural chemicals is renderd a service quite or has been surpassed many highly effective pesticides such as parathion, horse Lay sulphur phosphorus, DDT, aldrin and dieldrin.On working concentration, can be low to moderate 1/10000000th, usage amount can be controlled in 2-3 gram/mu.
In addition, the margosine agricultural chemicals is also to bacterium and the disease that causes of virus, also has good effect as tobacco mosaic etc.
Chinaberry is distributed widely in China, India and surrounding countries thereof.In the Asia, the country of Australia and South Pacific region plantation has: China, India, Pakistan, Burma are gorgeous, Si Lilanka, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Iran, Yemen, Australia, Ba Biya New Guinea, Fiji etc.; Nigeria, Tanzania, Cameroon, Madagascar are arranged in Africa; The U.S., Latin America (Spanish district) are arranged in America.There are Germany, France, Portugal, Spain and Britain in Europe.
The present invention is environmental fertilizer as the plain urea fertilizer of chinaberry fertilizer or chinaberry, uses product of the present invention can make the percent of loss of urea reduce 50%, ammonium fertilizer or contain the loss of nitrogen fertilizer rate minimizing 25% of ammonia.Average volume increase reaches 25.7%.Therefore, developing and develop this product just becomes the most significant problem now, and has brought into play huge social and economic benefit in sustainable agriculture.
Embodiment
A kind of novel Nimes plant soft agricultural chemicals of the present invention's extract from chinaberry is based on margosine, and its molecular formula is C
35H
44O
16, one or more in main extract itself and sal element, melianol, nimbin and the class limonene etc. are combined.Be prepared into broad spectrum pesticide.The present invention extracts from natural plants margosa fruit, the margosa extract also comprises class limonene, KULANSUAN, the former class limonene of tool growth regulator characteristic and hands over fat, phenyl class diterpene, flavonoids and glucosides, condensed protein and heterocycle polysaccharide compound except that margosine.
With as fertilizer sources of the present invention is environmental fertilizer.Simultaneously, can be used as the sustained release agent of nitrogenous fertilizer.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of novel Nimes plant soft agricultural chemicals is based on margosine, and its molecular formula is C
35H
44O
16, one or more in itself and sal element, melianol, nimbin and the class limonene etc. are combined.
2, the preparation method of a kind of novel Nimes plant soft agricultural chemicals according to claim 1, from from natural plants margosa fruit, extracting, the margosa extract also comprises class limonene, KULANSUAN, the former class limonene of tool growth regulator characteristic and hands over fat, phenyl class diterpene, flavonoids and glucosides, condensed protein and heterocycle polysaccharide compound except that margosine.
3, the purposes of a kind of novel Nimes plant soft agricultural chemicals according to claim 1 is characterised in that, as environmental fertilizer.
4, the purposes of a kind of novel Nimes plant soft agricultural chemicals according to claim 3 is characterised in that, is used for the sustained release agent of nitrogenous fertilizer.
5, the purposes of a kind of novel Nimes plant soft agricultural chemicals according to claim 3 is characterised in that and other is ecological fertile and use.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02137118 CN1413461A (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2002-09-24 | Plant soft farm chemicals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02137118 CN1413461A (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2002-09-24 | Plant soft farm chemicals |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1413461A true CN1413461A (en) | 2003-04-30 |
Family
ID=4748884
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02137118 Pending CN1413461A (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2002-09-24 | Plant soft farm chemicals |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN1413461A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101647473A (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2010-02-17 | 李红梅 | Plant antiscolic and preparation method thereof |
| CN101844953A (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2010-09-29 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Special holozoic long-efficient fertilizer for gingers and preparation method thereof |
| CN101844948A (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2010-09-29 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Use of natural azadirachtin plant material as nitrogen fertilizer synergist |
-
2002
- 2002-09-24 CN CN 02137118 patent/CN1413461A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101647473A (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2010-02-17 | 李红梅 | Plant antiscolic and preparation method thereof |
| CN101844953A (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2010-09-29 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Special holozoic long-efficient fertilizer for gingers and preparation method thereof |
| CN101844948A (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2010-09-29 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Use of natural azadirachtin plant material as nitrogen fertilizer synergist |
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