CN1408957A

CN1408957A - High water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus and method

Info

Publication number: CN1408957A
Application number: CN 01141869
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李明秀
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-09-21
Filing date: 2001-09-21
Publication date: 2003-04-09

Abstract

The high water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus is to construct additional water passage shearing water stream. The present invention can reduce the bottle neck effect caused by structures, and dissipates water energy via reverse guide to the draininage water and counterflow. The present invention can reduce the flush and damage to downstream water area. The said method needs no outer force and may be regulated properly based on flow passage status.

Description

A kind of high water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus and method thereof

Invention field

The present invention relates to a kind of method of harnessing the river, refer to a kind of overflow water inlet and mediation upstream flow path of mat vertical tube especially, and produce the high water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus and the method thereof of the liquidating of water level power conversion, energy dissipating in the downstream.

Background of invention

At present, use its main purpose of riser effluent water flowing to limit mostly in demand according to landform, structure, or for the energy dissipating minimizing is dropped, the usefulness of erosion, its function is almost in the water route of part section as an alternative, so its alternative stream must be considered whole flows, thereby in large scale, engineering cost is high, difficulty of construction is big, and can't further handle the upper pond level power conversion and to the waters, downstream produce to impact, the difficult problem of injury; Moreover, existing overflow passage is single water route, function is fixed, making can't dispersion, the configuration arrangement of stage, position and flow, water level, and its bleed off pipe there is no the function of the solids of isolating, and must be provided with in addition, increase equipment and the cost of safeguarding, and because of overfall must be provided with the interception floating thing, but trapped substance then forms and blocks water, and more causes the puzzlement in mediation water route; Again, general riser effluent is fixing water flowing road, in case be provided with then the change difficulty, lacks that harness the river need be according to the spring function of changed condition.

Summary of the invention

The overflow water inlet and the mediation upstream flow path that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of mat vertical tube, and produce the high water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus and the method thereof of the liquidating of water level power conversion, energy dissipating in the downstream.

High water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus of the present invention includes:

One influent stream portion, include at least one vertical tube and floating head cap, wherein this vertical tube has overflow inlet, and this floating head cap is located at the overflow entrance of this vertical tube, it further includes a block and a buoyancy aid, this block is the hat device under shed, and its opening enters the mouth greater than overflow, can be with the sealing of overflow inlet, and formation one inflow port between block and vertical tube, this buoyancy aid is in order to carrying floating head cap, make its according to the fluctuating of water level interlock floating head cap, and make floating head cap and vertical tube produce relative lifting;

A connecting pipe road is to connect vertical tube;

One mouth of pipe of releasing is the end of connecting pipeline, is positioned at low water stage place, water route.

Wherein, described floating head cap is connected with a guide rod, and the pivot of holding in addition of this guide rod is stuck on the montant, in order to the come-up position of restriction floating head cap.

Described vertical tube is provided with a guide gip, in order to connect the guide rod of this floating head cap.

Described floating head crown edge is a sealing surface.

Described floating head crown edge is provided with a ventilating pipe.

The described mouth of pipe place of releasing is provided with a weif orifice cover plate, and described weif orifice cover plate adopts gravity or buoyancy self-closing removable cover, enters in the pipeline to reduce different foreign material.

The setting of the described mouth of pipe of releasing is relative with water (flow) direction to liquidate, to produce the energy dissipating effect.

The high water energy dissipating by-pass method of the above-mentioned high water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus of employing of the present invention is: beyond the useful area in original water route, make up other water flowing road, and utilize the arrangement setting of pipeline position journey, the flow path upstream side has the effect of high-moisture load, so that reduce the high water bottle neck effect that is produced because of water reason and structure etc., operation that must false mat external force, and can change and suitablely add adjustment along with the stream situation changes and gets rid of the method that the choked flow thing enters.

Wherein, the described water flowing road that makes up in addition comprises influent stream pipe, communicating pipe, Outlet Pipe and weif orifice cover plate.

Described influent stream pipe is made of vertical tube and floating cap, enters to avoid drift by this floating cap.

Only when high water level, the side has the effect of sharing flow to described method.

Described influent stream pipe, communicating pipe and Outlet Pipe are planar orientation arranged side by side.

Described inflow port is as the adjustment of flood level height.

Being provided with of described Outlet Pipe to being punched in water (flow) direction, to produce the energy dissipating effect.

High water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus of the present invention and method thereof are the isolation water channels that makes up another independence beyond former water flowing section, in former flow path segments, high water level because of upstream side that various effect causes, through the overflow of vertical tube water inlet and dredge the riverbed of original non-water flowing section,, Yan Di bottom underground etc. as the riverbed, and partly Gao Shui is disposed to downstream low water stage section, to share or to discongest the off-capacity of former upstream flow path, reaches and reduces the flow solids choked flow; And owing to stream the water route is through the proper arrangement construction, make the conversion of water level energy have reverse pilot, discharging and produce the effect that liquidates, offsets, to reduce impact, the injury that the waters, downstream is brought because of the water level power conversion, and then the soundness in increase waters, downstream, its function and benefit is showing to be increased, can be applicable to many stream objects, have different greatly with general known overflow passage or culvert pipe water flowing road etc.

High water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus of the present invention and method thereof have following characteristics at least:

(1) land used is obtained easily: the structure that streams method all is arranged on the bottom or the side in the capable pool of former stream, must not look for land used in addition or take the water route superjacent air space, can reduce the land used that the river course house of correction needs.

(2) not taking the riverbed lacks former stream influence: stream structure under the riverbed, or below the aquitard, and be vertically to arrange, change original water route structure hardly, few to the spin-off effects of water reason.

(3) high water time side's generation effect does not exert an influence to utilization low, par, has overflow to produce in high water time side, to long-term low, par utilization, unlikely making a difference.

(4) share partial discharge, it is less to load: only share the difference flow when high water, all the other flows are still born by former water route, are not alternative, so the load of by-pass is little, facility is simplified.

(5) head running, be not subjected to the riverbed variable effect: streaming water delivery is when high water, utilizes the water-head of upstream and downstream side, does not influence its water flowing flow because of deformation of river bed or choked flow thing.

(6) flow, the stream power of attenuating original bed: share the partly flow and the stream power in former riverbed when high water, its effect or injury to the riverbed structure is reduced, for example: erosion, degradation, the effects such as sky, impact of washing in a pan slow down.

(7) drop of balanced upstream and downstream side: by streaming water flowing, make the water level of upstream and downstream side comparatively approaching, balanced section water level reduces and wanders the drop problem that difference is produced more.

(8) spilling water streams voluntarily, the anti-system property accumulated Gao Shui: discharge Gao Shui at any time, overflow voluntarily prevents to accumulate for a long time and the high water level that forms, and the concentration effect of flow during high water.

Can produce the energy dissipating effect that liquidates with current when (9) high water discharges, reduce the impact of water level power conversion, injure, further increase the soundness in waters, downstream.

(10) section slightly makes up, the water route of must comprehensively not rebuilding: only must get final product at bottleneck water route section structure, must not carry out the comprehensive modification of river levee fabric width or the huge engineering that work increases dyke.

(11) have the effect of isolating, reduce the downstream and block water: the method for streaming can be accumulated in upstream side with the solids sedimentation, and floating thing is forgone, and it reduces by the contained solids of water body, and the fluency of downstream water flowing is benefited to some extent.

(12) fully from line operate, needn't use artificial or power: the overflow water flowing determines by water level, need not manually-operated, and also must movable equipment or power.

(13) DE height: the variation of pipeline structure tool, position, position journey, direction, length, pipe row quantity etc. all can be selected voluntarily, can do best combination according to functional requirement and land occupation condition.

(14) overflow position journey can change: the position journey of overflow water inlet, and can utilize the vertical tube bridging mode to increase or reduce, change to cooperate long-standing riverbed, riverbed, and must significantly not transform.

(15) stream head, can do energy dissipating: because of the method for streaming is a pressurized water transmission, so can utilize its water outlet direction subtracting the stream power of former stream extremely, or voluntarily energy dissipating to reduce the erosion of drop drop.

(16) technology is simple, construction is easy: stream the major technique and the construction of method, be pipeline configuration for pressure type, and because of near the face of land, riverbed, also easy in the construction.

(17) engineering cost is low: the construction of streaming structure is simple and easy, does not have special installation again, and engineering cost is not high basically, and only in the minizone of stream bottleneck, must not make comprehensive structure of big section, and benefit is bigger.

(18) of many uses, quantity is big, the tool economic worth: the applicable object kind is many, and the relevant water route bottleneck utmost point must improve, and can utilize and stream locating of invention, and is considerable for counting.

(19) set up, reconstruct easily: the function effect to former structure is little, and can form structure, and it is all easy to existing water route facility, no matter to set up, reconstruct.

(20) tool is total to the structure benefit: press close to riverbed, embankment, with the supporting facility of former structure formation supporting protection, tool is the economic benefit of structure altogether.

For feature of the present invention, method, structure and other effects are had further understanding, the existing diagram that cooperates is described in detail as follows:

Description of drawings

Wherein accompanying drawing is respectively:

Fig. 1 is an influent stream cage structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the action schematic diagram of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are the schematic diagram of self-closing removable cover of the present invention.

Fig. 5 streams sectional schematic diagram for the Gao Shui at bridge pier place.

Fig. 6 streams the method cut-away view for blocking mill weir Gao Shui.

Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are culvert method schematic diagram.

Fig. 9 streams the method cut-away view for trashrack Gao Shui.

Each label is expressed as respectively among the figure:

1, vertical tube, 2, floating cap, 3, floating thing, 4, pipeline, 5, inflow port, 6, overfall, 7, opening, 8, air vent, 9, buoyancy aid, 10, guide rod, 11, cover plate, 12, guide gip, 13, connecting pipeline, 14, the floating head plate, 16, the bridge post, 17, mozzle, 18, structure, 19, by-pass, 20, the distributive pipe road, 21, vertical tube, 22, culvert, 23, drain grating, 24, high water by-pass, 25, the overflow inlet.

The specific embodiment

See also Fig. 1-4, its whole pipeline of high water energy dissipating by-pass method of the present invention includes influent stream portion, connecting pipeline, the mouth of pipe of releasing, and its device construction further includes a vertical tube 1, floating head cap 2, pipeline 4, inflow port 5, overfall 6, opening 7, air vent 8, buoyancy aid 9, guide rod 10, guide gip 12, connecting pipeline 13 and floating head plate 14, wherein:

This vertical tube 1 and floating head cap 2 constitute influent stream portions, and this vertical tube 1 is arranged on any place that upstream side may produce high water level, can reach land occupation condition on demand and select voluntarily calmly; When producing high water level because of upstream side, its water level roughly is similar to any position in the waters, shares flow to stream, and its effect is identical.The purposes of vertical tube 1 is to improve the position journey of overflow water inlet, so the angle of vertical tube 1 might not be vertical, can do suitable angle inclination or crooked, therefore, can be according to local condition setting, seek connections with, embed or be strapped in structure on, impact to reduce stream power, obtain supplemental support, and reduce the obstruction of flow path.Moreover, the vertical tube 1 of plural number can be made up with file, its section that blocks water is reduced, and reduce the impact of stream power, and can be total to structure with embankment, interaction; And the position journey of vertical tube 1 overflow water inlet can utilize the pipeline bridging mode to be adjusted, and with the variation according to position, water route journey, with the adjustment that this bridging mode is given flood level, has bigger elastic range.

This floating head cap 2 is to add a block that floats in the overflow entrance, to isolate the innovation setting that (the non-mode of holding back) floating thing 3 advances inflow pipe 4.Because of the conventional tube overflow results in blockage for preventing that floating thing 3 from entering in the pipeline 4, thereby the equipment that prevents that drift from entering must be set at inflow port 5 places, as grid, net etc., but this structure can weaken the water flowing function because of holding back to accumulate gradually, the beginning must be removed in good time and its water flowing function can be kept, but also form operational one and bear greatly, and difficulty is higher on actual job, and risky; On the other hand, prolong because the thing that drops enters the expansion of overfall 6 or drift, overgrowing of floating plant all makes this overfall increase many managerial problems.And block is the hat device under shed 7, and opening 7 can seal overfall greater than overfall; Air vent is left at the top in case drop, pressure drop and formation siphon, the cover plate 11 of periphery is for isolating the device of floating thing, its water outlet is high and drinking water is dark, situation on floating thing is decided, current influx overfall 6 overflows, therefore again by passing through under the periphery block in the block, floating thing will be forgone, and is not also flowed carrying under one's arms of power.

The function of this buoyancy aid 9 is to carry floating head cap 2, make its relative lifting of fluctuating according to water body position journey, that is the relative position of maintenance and floating thing, by buoyancy, the shaped design of buoyancy aid, necessary active force can be provided, and the ratio of floating cap in water meter, water, seat point, position etc.When water level reduced, buoyancy aid was then not enough or do not have upwards effect of buoyancy because of buoyancy, under the ordering about of floating head cap 2 self gravitations, descended naturally and stopped on the overfall 6 and formation is sealed, in order to avoid foreign object drops or enters overfall 6.When making buoyancy overcome gravity when the water level rising, then floating head cap 2 just rises thereupon, opens overfall 6, owing to floating head cap 2 inside are communicated with the outside water body, so when water level is higher than overfall, just carry out Overflow drainage via the overflow water inlet.

The usefulness of this guide rod 10 is intended to make floating head cap 2 location, not drift or limits the come-up position, is connected on the cover plate 21 also through ending bolt, lower end indwelling bolt head.

This guide gip 12 is fixed on bleed off pipe (being vertical tube 1), and the centre has the aperture to make guide rod 10 free liftings and not drift, and utilizes the aperture so that the restriction of guide rod 10 lower ends stops and do not continue come-up.

This ventilating pipe 8 is provided in a side of floating cap 2 tops, for lowering the pressure variation that bleed off pipe 1 is produced, reaching floating cap 2 is caused ill-effect, is the turnover air that utilizes ventilating pipe 8, and is approaching to keep floating cap 2 internal pressures and atmospheric pressure.

In addition, also can establish a shutoff device (not shown), for the floating head plate is closed where necessary, can connect with the floating head sleeve-board or isolate, its mode is just like the driving of gate, and only its bottom surface is to cooperate floating head plate top to form the plane, force down the floating head plate by the top operation, it is closed to the overfall direction, stop and flow out, form the water valve effect.

This connecting pipeline 13 is for connecting vertical tube 1 influent stream and the plane pipeline that discharges water, because the water flowing off-capacity of former this section of stream, so be communicated with the water route is to be provided with for increasing flow, and be arranged on outside the former riverbed water flowing section, for example under the riverbed, stagnant water layer in the underground or stream of high beach, as be lower than burrock.Moreover, the plane connecting pipeline of plural number, it is main adopting mode arranged side by side, digs dark cost with reduction, and avoids native sand alluvial, collects the gas of leaving a blank; For disperseing to release the position, can do the arrangement of connecting pipeline unequal length.And because connecting pipeline is an isolation water route, and be subjected to the gravity water delivery of head difference, so the unlikely influence that is subjected to original stream of its fluidised form does not account for original riverbed because of it again, can share flow so stream pipeline, receive the stream power effect when reducing high water by this section riverbed.

This weif orifice is arranged on downstream, water route low water stage part, and the high water of upstream side is released in the appropriate location, downstream through connecting pipeline 13.Owing to release is to utilize the pressure discharging, and the position of weif orifice, as long as be lower than upstream side overflow water inlet position journey, there is no other restrictions, but for reducing of the influence of discharge stream power, and avoid being subjected to native sand to bury, must be higher than the riverbed in downstream usually and form vertical tube the riverbed, this vertical tube also should be done vertically to arrange to be provided with, and principle is identical with upstream side overflow water inlet vertical tube.Form alluvial in the pipeline for preventing that silt particle from being blowed back into by weif orifice, can make easy non-return device if needed, only make anti-native sand and invade and must not invade in the waterproof.

Moreover, this weif orifice is in also in addition reverse pilot discharging of the setting at low water stage place, downstream, water route, make that the water and the water generates under the upstream flow of discharging from weif orifice liquidate, eutralizing operation, the injury that the waters, downstream is caused to dissolve the upstream high water level to be converted to kinetic energy, and produce the energy dissipating effect again at weif orifice, further stable waters, downstream; And the energy dissipating effect that this weif orifice draining liquidates, the flood discharge that is applied to dam liquidates, and then can greatly reduce the impact injury in dam base, and then reduces the dam maintenance cost and prolong its application life.

This weif orifice cover plate (ginseng Fig. 4) weif orifice cover plate adopts gravity or buoyancy self-closing removable cover 14, enters in the pipeline to reduce different foreign material; Because the deposit in the waters still may cause out the obstruction of head piece, so weif orifice position Cheng Yi is arranged on more than the piling height of deposit.The gravity removable cover is the gravity closing outlet with cover plate, and to flow the device that the power breakdown seals.

Application Example:

(1) bridge place upstream side high water level alleviates

See also Fig. 5, general rivers and creeks, water route are provided with structures such as bridge because of the needs in the traffic.The general works such as abutment, bridge pier are all arranged that are provided with at bridge, thereby cause the channel section of this section to reduce relatively, especially a large amount of drifts of being carried under one's arms whenever the typhoon storm period, lie across or twine and be attached on the bridge post, therefore impel the water flowing section significantly to reduce, often accumulate into high water level and spilling water spreads unchecked.On the other hand, because the drop of upstream and downstream side water level is feasible to bridge pier, the formation erosion of abutment place, degradation, jeopardize bridge security.

General flood is broadly divided into columns item down to the harm that bridge caused:

A, a large amount of silt particles soil stone raising riverbed of carrying under one's arms by the upstream or outside bridge pier, constitute the section that blocks water.

B, because of the crown_interception of bridge pier, accumulate dirty foreign material such as driftwood etc., cause the water flowing section to be die-offed, the upstream forms high water level.

C, riverbed are flowed the power degradation, abutment is washed in a pan sky, make bridge lose support.

D, powerful stream power are followed the sandstone carried under one's arms, foreign material etc., and bridge pier is damaged effect.

The above-mentioned various phenomenons of water conservancy bound pair still do not have the adequate solution mode at present, and the present invention adopts streams mode, promptly establishes with by-pass 19, takes from the upstream side water inlet, run through the bridge bottom along the below, riverbed of high beach, again by flowing out behind the overflow weir of downstream.The overflow that produces during because of the upstream side high water level, this structure and vacant original riverbed its property accumulated water level is minimized, and the water-head of both sides, upstream and downstream are reduced relatively, flow, flow velocity through original bridge pier are all descended, can reduce erosion degradation the base; On the other hand, because weif orifice is positioned at the solid bed downstream, building site of downstream example, native stone is not given birth to influence, stream power increases the weight of in the middle of the river, reduces the harm of opposite bank border dike toe.

(2) river weir

Consult Fig. 6, in rivers and creeks, water route, river weir often is set, take with diversion so that when low discharge, flood, or accumulate standby; Because river weir is the structure in outstanding riverbed, therefore in the riverbed, form the choked flow thing, reduce effective water flowing section; Work as the rivers and creeks, the water route is when low discharge on ordinary days, because of enough enough and to spare capacity are arranged, even channel section reduces also unlikely generation harm, but when high flow capacity, existing rivers and creeks capacity has faced the limit, this moment, not only flow was big and rapid, especially under the situation that the water flowing section is reduced, the water level of accumulating that certainly will form upstream side rises and works the mischief, so when river weir is set, must consider the rivers and creeks water flowing section of high discharge, the temporary weir of simple and easy Ba Yan for flood alluviation for example is set, open gate is released during flood, or movable weir hangs liter (weir is hung in activity) with the weir body, set level (swinging to lock), reduction height (rubber dam) etc. is controlled facility, but construction actually, management, all very difficult in operation and the maintenance, not only lack safety, and its function also belongs to limited.For example between typhoon, storm period, because of traffic or power interruption, the current is turbulent, and weather badly, closely connects difficulty etc., causes execute-in-place can't implement execution, and disaster takes place again and again, and problem is still undecided.

The structure of projection in the riverbed, to make, the downstream produces the height of water, because of the overflow drop causes downstream side weir toe to be subjected to erosion, though be provided with overflow mechanism for river weir is set, emergency measures such as energy dissipator and protection-apron device, but because of the engineering funds very high, also only can do the construction of locality, can't carry out the setting of universe, the enormous impact power that this is produced the big flow of high water is difficult to overcome difficulties the protection-apron device in domestic many river weirs downstream in fact, often take place in storm flood incident that runs off of promptly being destroyed by rush of water, and the ratio of the shared river weir engineering cost of protection-apron device is quite big, but if increase dyke at upstream side, then its expense is more considerable.

Though the purpose that is provided with of river weir is being blocked water, but there are many sediment deposition things to exist in the water route, rivers and creeks unavoidably, these deposits are subjected to the river weir obstruction and rest on upstream side, its riverbed is constantly raise, and reservoir capacity reduces relatively, water level is risen, and this more very, is the disappearance greatly for river weir in the effect of big flow flood period.In fact, being formed with of river-level because of due to flow and the property accumulated, when flow increases, then water level nature association, and when influent stream amount during greater than outflow, then the formation property accumulated water level; The formation of the property accumulated water level, free factor exists, if can be got rid of in good time, then this property accumulated water level can not form, even otherwise to accumulate flow very low, but false prolongation with the time, also water level raising gradually.

Because the river weir upstream side is subjected to the influence of outstanding structure 18 (ginseng Fig. 6), effectively water flowing section thereby minimizing (slow-witted water level) therefore, this mozzle 17 can be arranged on below the weir crest, and it is underground must not go deep into the riverbed, makes structure more simplify.

(3) debris dam

See also Fig. 7, general debris dam is the upstream side of constructing in the streams or the high gradient rivers and creeks of catchment, be used to suppress the unstability deposit on the riverbed, to reduce the harm that downstream sand content and heap become silted up and produced, though with block the mill weir appearance similar, but because of basic function demand difference, and in running just difference to some extent.

A, debris dam are object to hold back solid soil sand, the branch water and being discharged of must isolating.

Flowing of b, native sand grains must be dependent on the passing of waterpower, with stream power substantial connection arranged.

C, native sand have the character of solids, are not level so it accumulates form, and have equilibrant force, as factors such as angles of repose.

D, debris dam lost efficacy because of the dam is full gradually for presetting the space, must remove sandstone or increase a journey again.

The function of debris dam; be moisture and native sand must be isolated; generally be the good or well-drained structure of water permeability; but in fact because of the gradually mistake effect of obstruction of trapped substance; especially more obvious during the big flow of storm flood; usually debris dam must possess the protection facility of overflow and drop, but water breakthrough existing problem in debris dam.

Soil sand, gravel must be dependent on the passing of stream power, otherwise easily form accumulation on the way in the riverbed, and be therefore in close relations with flow, flow velocity, fluidised form.But because of debris dam designs for impacting according to the sandstone of huge stream power and high concentration, so dam body is on building, and must possess that to have high strength structure to think emergent, if can reduce stream power and native sand before the dam, then dam body had very big benefiting.

The accumulation of soil sand, be to produce with the solids form, be not that horizontal direction as fluid moves, as long as therefore possess sufficient condition, any position in the river course all may form accumulation, and it is isolated also with the different differences that have position, speed on of stream power with gravity, and if can be with the heap sand before the dam, in advance resident at the upstream side of debris dam, then can increase the capacity that stores of debris dam, improve the safety of dam body.

The retention capacity that holds of debris dam is the space of presetting of planning, but function reduces gradually, extremely inefficacy eventually along with the accumulating the heap height of the native sand of interception.Because of the riverbed state along with change, and this debris dam overflowing the edge, except that original function has presented not foot phenomenon, also may work the mischief, and therefore may change the fact of riverbed height to debris dam, and relative Emergency Countermeasures must be arranged.

Stream distributive pipe road 20 among the present invention, the overflow water inlet can be arranged on the upstream side before the dam, that is upstream side is shunted at once before the dam, flow decline, stream power on the small stream bed are lowered, promote native sand deposition at upstream side, hold the storage capacity, and reduce the active force of native sand debris dam with raising, the water yield of debris dam can reduce in good time owing to flow through, and then its overflow water yield and drop energy all lower relatively.Moreover this influent stream vertical tube can be because of the actual demand at scene, is connected or prolongs, and to regulate its journey, therefore the position journey in visual riverbed gives suitable adjustment.

(4) culvert

See also Fig. 8, at some water-flowing amounts in the little or deep valley, because of constructing facility needs such as road, bank protection, and be provided with culvert, for example trench sidewalk, the road of mountain stream run through draining road and hillside fields soil-water protection facility etc.; The purpose of its setting mainly is to lead off the water yield with the protection installation security, in fact, because of flow is little on ordinary days, but when heavy rain, increase suddenly because of flow, and may bring a large amount of silt particles, gravel, trees, weeds or dirty foreign material etc., cause culvert to block alluvial, the minimizing of water flowing section for it, cause the erosion of facility, the worry of washing in a pan sky and overflowing eventually; This situation almost is found everywhere, especially the trench in mountain area and draining road, city.

Be positioned at the culvert in mountain area, because of have inconvenient traffic and mankind's activity at ordinary times less, the alluvial of silt particle, foreign material can often be removed, even thereby forms new small stream bed, shore protection and lose original function.The culvert of this moment may be in the below in riverbed, and when improving road position journey, then must make up new culvert so that water flowing, and because of the drop drop protection-apron engineering in downstream also must be considered in the lump, increases the puzzlement in the operation.

The present invention is intake with vertical tube 21 overflows, culvert 22 draining downstream in succession, so silt particle, dirty foreign material etc. do not enter in the culvert 22, be maintained the smooth and easy of water flowing, and silt particle, trees, foreign material etc. all are retained in the riverbed of upstream side, treat to remake to remove after flood period to handle.If rising is constantly piled up in the riverbed of upstream side, then can increase vertical tube position journey and increase road or weir position journey, and utilize the water flowing of original culvert facility, must not establish new culvert in addition.

Because contained silt particle and dirty foreign material amount significantly reduce in the water, particle diameter, weight also lower simultaneously, the alluvial in Xi He downstream is then reduced relatively, and especially harmfulness big flood period is a kind of good water and soil conservation mode, the downstream water outlet does not change because of culvert location, effect changes less, and the necessity of modification also decreases, and general draining road is when big yield, because of dirty foreign material block the problem that causes the high water level overflow, also can be alleviated.

The inlet of culvert on general draining road is often stopped up by dirty foreign material, or is provided with and blocks dirty equipment reducing the prune job in the culvert, but thereby form and go the bottleneck of water, especially for a long time at flow and dirty foreign material greatly, the easier overflow phenomena that blocks water that causes.

The present invention is except that can safeguarding stream unimpeded, and culvert is transformed into the generalized section that Gao Shui streams method, because of dirty foreign material accumulate at the bottom of the bed of water route (the non-inlet of culvert part that concentrates on) mostly, so can treat opportune moment again row remove.Because of dirty foreign material no longer enter tract, can alleviate the solids load in downstream, draining road in addition.And the raising of refluence water level then can be considered with the effect of floating head plate as water valve, takes place in case system flows backwards.

(5). trashrack

See also Fig. 9, in a stream, cause encumbering of water route to the downstream for preventing dirty foreign material drift, thereby be provided with trashrack 23 facilities,, and keep the device that flowing water passes through smoothly so that hold back the drift of upstream.But the crown_interception of bringing into play along with trashrack, causing dirty foreign material etc. gradually to be stayed by sieve and twine is attached on the grizzly bar, form eventually the body that blocks water, this not only may cause successively decreasing of water passing capacity, assemble when attachment and to fill up and when influencing flow, then upstream side may be because of accumulating the worry that high water level causes disaster.Therefore, removing the operation of attachment on the trashrack 23, is work very important on the bookkeeping, this workload the huge and ambiguity of load, for example take cycle cleaning, regularly remove, utilize water-head detecting operation, even move mode of operation such as dirt what make continous way.Because the dirty foreign material of the drift of being carried under one's arms in the stream, its matter, amount are not definite value, and can't estimate, especially when huge flow, often there are a large amount of huge long-pending things to occur, may in the extremely short time, be stayed, be accumulated on the trashrack 23 by sieve, and influence the unimpeded of water route, this moment move dirty operation especially difficulty and risk factor all higher in.Utilize water-head to assert like detecting the blocking water effect of trashrack 23 whether dirty foreign material should be removed on the trashrack 23, but to high flow capacity or when being low discharge, its patient degree of water route upstream side institute is completely different, generally speaking, when low discharge, even on the trashrack 23, the downstream water-head is big, perhaps upstream side does not reach high water level as yet and still can stand, but then the water level in the water route is high when big flow, as long as trashrack 23 has resistance effect slightly, then cause the water level of upstream side to surpass TL probably, on this moment,, also the dirty foreign material on the trashrack 23 must be removed early though the downstream water-head is little, in order to avoid cause disaster, make that moving dirty operation more forms complexity and safe worry is arranged.

The present invention's overflow during with high water level, and the upstream and downstream water-head of utilizing trashrack 23 is conveyance power of water, therefore can limit the high water level of trashrack 23 upstreams, and the unlikely phenomenon that exceeds the quata, its water delivery flow is a kinetic energy with the both sides water-head then, so can change voluntarily according to the blocking water effect of trashrack thereupon, this measure not only can be exempted the effect that blocks water of staying dirty foreign material of sieving on the detection trashrack 23, and need not make on-the-spot prune job immediately,, apparent benefiting be arranged for when the huge flow.

Overflow inlet 25 of the present invention, be provided with the floating head cap device, effect with the dirty foreign material of drift of forgoing, therefore the drift of upstream is unlikely leaks to the downstream via streaming pipeline, these are different with general overflow measure, and the amount of streaming can design on demand, the unlikely water flowing section that takies the water route, so can make the dirty effect of blocking of trashrack safe and reliable, and move dirty operation and also can simplify.

Claims

1, a kind of high water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus is characterized in that including:

A connecting pipe road is to connect vertical tube;

2, high water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described floating head cap is connected with a guide rod, and the pivot of holding in addition of this guide rod is stuck on the montant, in order to the come-up position of restriction floating head cap.

3, high water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described vertical tube is provided with a guide gip, in order to connect the guide rod of this floating head cap.

4, high water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described floating head crown edge is a sealing surface.

5, high water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described floating head crown edge is provided with a ventilating pipe.

6, high water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the described mouth of pipe place of releasing is provided with a weif orifice cover plate, and described weif orifice cover plate adopts gravity or buoyancy self-closing removable cover, enters in the pipeline to reduce different foreign material.

7, high water energy dissipating by-pass apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that liquidate relative with water (flow) direction of setting of the described mouth of pipe of releasing, to produce the energy dissipating effect.

8, a kind of high water energy dissipating by-pass method, it is characterized in that beyond the useful area in original water route, make up other water flowing road, and utilize the arrangement setting of pipeline position journey, the flow path upstream side has the effect of high-moisture load, so that reduce the high water bottle neck effect that is produced because of water reason and structure etc., and operation that must false mat external force, and can change and suitable adjustment, the method that change and eliminating choked flow thing enter of adding along with the stream situation.

9, high water energy dissipating by-pass method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that the described water flowing road that makes up in addition comprises influent stream pipe, communicating pipe, Outlet Pipe and weif orifice cover plate.

10, high water energy dissipating by-pass method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that described influent stream pipe is made of vertical tube and floating cap, enters to avoid drift by this floating cap.

11, high water energy dissipating by-pass method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that described method only when high water level, and the side has the effect of sharing flow.

12, high water energy dissipating by-pass method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that described influent stream pipe, communicating pipe and Outlet Pipe are planar orientation arranged side by side.

13, high water energy dissipating by-pass method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that the adjustment of described inflow port as the flood level height.

14, high water energy dissipating by-pass method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that being provided with to being punched in water (flow) direction, to produce the energy dissipating effect of described Outlet Pipe.