CN1404194A - Visual transparent monitoring system for relay protector of microcomputer - Google Patents
Visual transparent monitoring system for relay protector of microcomputer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1404194A CN1404194A CN 02138932 CN02138932A CN1404194A CN 1404194 A CN1404194 A CN 1404194A CN 02138932 CN02138932 CN 02138932 CN 02138932 A CN02138932 A CN 02138932A CN 1404194 A CN1404194 A CN 1404194A
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- protective relay
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Abstract
The present invention discloses one kind of system for the relay protection of microcomputer and display of the inner course of processing digital signal in relay protected CPU during the relay protection process. The system includes microcomputer relay protector; embedding control software with monitoring points for the microcomputer relay protector; displaying monitor; and visual monitoring software for reading the monitoring point information. The system can provide intuitive field reference for the technical personal to analyze accident and provide one method for verifying new protection principle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the electric relay protection monitoring technology, be specifically related to one and can realize that microcomputer protective relay can intuitively understand simultaneously the system of relaying protection central processor CPU processing digital signal internal procedure in the microcomputer protective relay process.
Background technology
Before Microcomputer Protection occurred, Most protection technical staff was because familiar electromagnetic type is protected motion mechanism intuitively, and they expertly utilize reason, the analysis accident of the understanding of motion mechanism being explained the relaying protection action.After Microcomputer Protection occurred, because the motion mechanism of Microcomputer Protection is finished by CPU (central processing unit) processing procedure, the CPU processing procedure only can be described as the instruction of series of computation machine, so there is not shortcoming intuitively of motion mechanism in it.Many Protection Technology personnel are not because understand computer technology; therefore also can't understand the motion mechanism of microcomputer protective relay; the outstanding working experience of a large amount of technical staff can't be brought into play on this new high-tech product, thereby can not promote the development of this product.Very unfavorable to applying of electric power system new technology.
The disclosed scheme that microcomputer protective relay device is monitored is primarily aimed at the monitoring of parts such as hardware or power supply at present.
A kind of is facility for engineering debug, the switching value input/output signal of monitoring Microcomputer Protection.The example of this monitoring scheme is disclosed in the patent application 01129328 of the Sifang Tongchuang Protection and Control Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing that announces October 17 calendar year 2001, it disclose a kind of microcomputer protecting device open into, leave hardware monitoring device and method.Promptly be connected with the RS-232 interface of detected microcomputer protecting device by RS-232 Serial Port Line; and by a numeral open into, leave the PC card and be connected with external interface circuit, this external interface circuit is connected with the backboard terminal of detected microcomputer protecting device by connecting line.Be used for the hardware of electric power system microcomputer protecting device opened into, the closed loop of leaving system and detect.
Another kind is the status monitoring to Microcomputer Protection equipment; the example of this monitoring scheme is disclosed in 2001.1.30 USPO by Price, the electric power protection and the control system equipment state monitoring apparatus (Apparatus for monitoring the status ofdevices in electrical protection and control system) of Richard Thomas application.It discloses a kind of scheme that equipment state is monitored by change-over circuit generation modulation voltage, is reference with the fiduciary level pulsewidth, and whether whether monitor voltage surpasses or be lower than standard, come the judgment device state normal.
The transparent monitoring solution different with above-mentioned status monitoring, that this invention patent provides is intended to represent the internal core processing procedure of microcomputer protective relay, and this internal processes is to be finished by CPU.Above-mentioned hardware or power supply monitoring can be measured by instrumentation, and the microcomputer protective relay device core processing process that this patent proposes can not be monitored by instrumentation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of microcomputer protective relay of realizing and intuitively to understand the system of relaying protection central processor CPU processing digital signal internal procedure in the microcomputer protective relay process simultaneously.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: this system comprises: (1) microcomputer protective relay device; (2) the embedded Control software in the microcomputer protective relay device wherein is provided with the monitoring point; (3) display monitoring device; (4) can read the monitoring software of monitoring point information visualization.
Whether normally microcomputer protective relay device is digital signal by the A/D sampling with analog signal conversion such as electric current, voltages, and these signals are handled and judgement through cpu logic, thereby draw current electric current, voltage judged result.If be in abnormal state, then the peripheral circuit driving switch by protective device trips.In this process, because CPU is an integrated circuit (IC) chip, all digital signal processings are sightless.And this process whether correct key of the core of microcomputer protective relay device and outlet tripping operation exactly.
In electric power system is used,, find out the reason that causes the microcomputer protective relay action no matter the correctness of microcomputer protective relay outlet each time all will carry out accident analysis.In the process of analysis accident, main historical basis is the record of numeral record wave analysis instrument and SOE (sequence of events recording) record of complex automatic system.Numeral record wave analysis instrument has write down each sampled point of voltage, electric current constantly, and SOE has write down the precedence of switch motion.More than two kinds of foundations only can draw the conclusion whether electric power system at that time fault occurred.Can't judge but whether this Microcomputer Protection action is undertaken by the logic determines of expection, and whether process is reasonable.Especially when the Microcomputer Protection misoperation, can't judge that the logic criterion problem that protection is adopted self still is that electromagnetic interference causes.Therefore, the logical process process of microcomputer protecting device is carried out transparent monitoring and can provide effective real-time evidence for accident analysis.
Different microcomputer protecting devices, even same purposes, and since manufacturer's difference, the protection philosophy difference of employing, and the process of its CPU processing digital signal is also inequality.Therefore; for the Microcomputer Protection user, if the internal procedure of the transparent monitoring of energy CPU processing digital signal not only can make accident analysis each time pointed; also help the understanding of user, thereby determine rationally whether current protection definite value is suitable the Microcomputer Protection operation principle.
Transparent monitoring technology and electric analog system are combined, when can accomplish the accident manoeuvre, also see the internal judgment process of microcomputer protective relay, for the Protection Technology personnel provide lively training materials.Especially to adopting the protection of new principle, transparent monitoring system provides scientific basis to the checking of principle, thereby accelerates the popularization process of protection new principle.Improve the security of operation level of electric power system.
The principle of transparent monitoring technology: under the prerequisite that does not influence cpu logic judged result and speed, add the monitoring point in the logic determines process of CPU, these monitoring points have particular state and order.The monitoring point transfers to watch-dog by wireless or wire communication mode after the form (communication protocol) of agreement is arranged in advance.The running software of transparent monitoring is in watch-dog.The software of transparent monitoring is mapped as figure according to the form (communication protocol) of agreement in advance with these monitoring points, and the mode of being familiar with the user is explained the logical process process of CPU.The present invention only describes following dual mode (but being not limited to this dual mode): the one, and the logic diagram that the programmer is familiar, the 2nd, the schematic diagram that Protection Technology personnel are familiar.
This system can provide on-the-spot intuitively foundation for Protection Technology man analysis accident; A kind of method of checking protection new principle of practicality is provided; For the Protection Technology personnel provide lively training materials.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 system of the present invention pie graph
Fig. 2 contains the logic diagram of process and condition judgment
The schematic diagram of Fig. 3 direction overcurrent protection
The visual microcomputer transformer differential protection of Fig. 4 logic diagram
Embodiment
One system constitutes
As shown in Figure 1, the microcomputer protective relay device of system of the present invention can have (a) (b) two kinds of patterns, (a) is the internal processes that represents microcomputer protecting device by means of display device (for example: portable machine, palmtop PC, desktop computer) independently.Wherein CPU module, communication management module belong to the protective device internal structure, and communication management module is responsible for transmitting between CPU module and display device and organizing data, realizes visual transparent monitoring function.Communication management module and CPU intermodule communication be generally by bus expansion or serial communication mode, communicates by letter between communication management module and display device and can adopt the general communication mode, for example: RS232 electric interfaces, infrared interface, wave point etc.
(b) be that protective device itself has large scale display parts (for example big screen LCD, for the display of visually graphical interfaces), wherein CPU module, communication management module, display module all belong to the protective device internal structure.Communication management module is responsible for transmitting between CPU module and display module and organizing data, realizes visual transparent monitoring function.Communicate by letter between communication management module and CPU module and display unit all by bus expansion or serial communication mode.
The monitoring point of two logic diagram modes is provided with
The logic diagram mode can show each details of microcomputer protective relay cpu logic processing procedure, is Protection Technology man analysis principle, the main tool of carrying out accident analysis.
1, the monitoring point is set
In order to realize the visual transparence of microcomputer protective relay device monitoring, the embedded Control software kind in microcomputer protective relay device is provided with the monitoring point; Be illustrated in figure 2 as one section logic diagram that contains process and condition judgment.Every paths is equipped with the monitoring point.(2) be a condition judgment monitoring point, (3) are a condition judgment monitoring point opposite with (2), and (4) are the process monitoring point.Each monitoring point has two character: state and order.State has two kinds of " 1 ", " 0 ", and " 1 " expression monitoring point is the activity attitude.For example: monitoring point (2) are the activity attitude, show that logical consequence satisfies the condition of monitoring point (2) representative.Order has determined monitoring of software to read the priority of monitoring point information, and monitoring of software reads the monitoring point state in order can realize real-time demonstration.For example: the order of monitoring point (1) is 5, and the order of monitoring point (3) is 6, and monitoring software reads the state of monitoring point (1) earlier.The condition judgment point order of two correspondences is identical, and for example: monitoring point (2) are identical with the order of (3), because concerning condition judgment, only have a kind of result, and promptly the point that order is identical can not be in simultaneously with a kind of state.
2, the dedicated memory is set
When the exception handles design of Microcomputer Protection, storage monitoring point, dedicated memory state need be set.The size of dedicated memory depends on the monitoring point number.In addition, data can power down be preserved in the dedicated memory.
3, to the processing of program cycle
When program cycle, each circulation different path of might passing by.If do not offer different memory blocks at each circulation, up-to-date once circulation can cover the data of last circulation, thereby can't see the historical flow process of program.
Since microcomputer protecting device once effectively circulation (can cause the feature of Protection Technology personnel interest) be based on that sampled point refreshes.When sampled point refreshes, start a new monitoring point buffering area.For example: cyclic program is passed through for the first time ... (1) (2) (4) ..., cyclic program may be passed through for the second time ... (1) (3) (4) ..., since each circulation the monitoring point state storage of process in different zones, monitoring software is the circulation process each time of playback program like clockwork.
4, graphical process
At first by drawing tools constitutive logic block diagram background (flow chart part among Fig. 1).Each of logic diagram is flowed to arrow be defined as the animated graphs structure, structure comprises characteristics such as the coordinate, state of arrow.The structure state is corresponding one by one with the state of monitoring point.If the monitoring point state is " 1 ", then dynamically retouch out the animated graphs (arrow) of corresponding monitoring point, the route that the program of indicating is carried out with red color.The time interval of retouching out each animated graphs (arrow) is by User Defined.When all animated graphs (arrow) when retouching out, just can see the program circuit of a stepping.
5, test point does not influence cpu logic judged result and speed
The monitoring point program adopts assignment statement, and assigned variable is independent, passes by the monitoring point when position is set when program, and this monitoring point is by assignment, otherwise this monitoring point is not by assignment.Assignment statement not reprogramming flows to, and independent variable does not influence the logic determines result, does not therefore influence the cpu logic flow process.
Simple assignment statement does not take excess CPU resources, is no more than 60% of break period as long as increased the interrupt handling routine processing time of assignment statement, and the monitoring point does not influence cpu logic and judges speed.
The monitoring point of three schematic diagram modes is provided with
The schematic diagram mode has represented the key logic judged result and the processing procedure of microcomputer protective relay, is the main tool that the relaying protection attendant understands course of action.
1, the setting of monitoring point
Fig. 3 has showed the single-phase schematic diagram of direction overcurrent protection, and 1 is current element, and 2 is direction component, and 3 is delay cell, and 4 is signal and outlet element.
Element is corresponding in the microcomputer protective relay program to be software module, and the monitoring point is arranged on the software module exit.When software module exported, this monitoring point corresponding states was " 1 ".
2, the dedicated memory is set
When the exception handles design of direction overcurrent protection, dedicated memory storage principle figure information word is set, record monitoring point state.Whenever carry out primary fault and handle judgement, promptly produce the schematic diagram information word one time.The schematic diagram information word is corresponding one by one with element among Fig. 3.The size of dedicated memory depends on the monitoring point number.In addition, data can power down be preserved in the dedicated memory.
3, graphical process
At first by drawing tools schematic diagram of structure background.Each element of schematic diagram is defined as structure, and structure comprises characteristics such as the coordinate, state of element.The element structure state is corresponding one by one with the state of monitoring point.If the monitoring point state is " 1 ", then with highlighted this element of expressing, node 5 respective closed of element.The technical staff can be in highlighted state, node closure by animated graphs (element) is arranged among the analysis principle figure, promptly draws the working condition of current microcomputer protective relay.
As shown in Figure 4, be the embodiment that the present invention is used for the microcomputer transformer differential protection.
The logic diagram that Fig. 4 shows has showed the logical process process of microcomputer transformer differential protection CPU.The logic diagram mode displaying principle of describing with Fig. 2 is identical.When design transformer differential protection program, added the monitoring point.In order to reproduce in detail each details of transformer differential protection, all be provided with the monitoring point in each process and the bifurcation of program.As shown in Figure 4, when monitoring point (1) was the activity attitude, the expression protection obtained a new sampled point, and when monitoring point (3) were the activity attitude, the electric current that expression protection records was greater than the differential value of concluding.When monitoring point (4) were the activity attitude, the electric current that the expression protection records was less than the difference flow velocity value of concluding.From analyzing in logic and can getting, when (3) were the activity attitude, promptly electric current should export tripping operation greater than the quick-break definite value.CPU can not carry out the later step in monitoring point (4) again.The judgement of i.e. execution ratio braking.Be the activity attitude simultaneously if the later monitoring point in (3) (4) and (4) behind the figure of surveying, occurred, then can judge the CPU operation irregularity.
After the resist technology personnel obtain data of monitoring point from serial ports,, the monitoring point state is mapped as figure by transparent monitoring of software.The resist technology personnel can the differential quick-break course of action of intuitivism apprehension from the program circuit of stepping; (... (2) → (3) → (5) → (6) ...); after promptly protection obtains a new sampled point (monitoring point (2) are the activity attitude); through calculating; find electric current greater than differential quick-break definite value (monitoring point (3) are the activity attitude), protection outlet tripping operation (monitoring point (5) are the activity attitude).
The CPU of microcomputer transformer differential protection is DSP (digital signal processor) in the present embodiment, and protection logical process program and monitoring point program all are embedded in the dsp chip, are carried out by DSP.The used DSP instruction cycle of present embodiment is 50ns, and the time of a sampling interruption is 1.25ms, and execute protection logical process process required time accounts for 30% of interruption, and after the monitoring point program that the adding assignment statement is formed, the time of implementation only is increased to 31%.Can not increase protection logical process speed.
DSP regularly sends the data of monitoring point to MCU (Communications Processor Module), and MCU is responsible for organizing data of monitoring point, and a byte transmission is formed in per 8 monitoring points, and the monitoring points of different circulations take different messages.Agreement by prior agreement is sent to display device with data of monitoring point.The present embodiment display device is a portable machine, and communication mode is 232 serial communications.
The logic diagram mode often is applied to accident analysis.In the present embodiment, after the transformer differential protection action, only can know it is the differential protection action from the SOE that uploads.But the more as can be seen details of technical staff from the logic diagram mode.For example; program repeatedly the circulation process in passed by respectively different paths (... (10) → (12) → (13) ...); (... (10) → (12) → (14) ...), the former represents differential protection at active region, the latter represents that differential protection is at non-active region.Obviously, this time action belongs to the frontier zone.Should suitably enlarge or dwindle the active region scope, reduce the possibility of differential protection in the frontier district action.
Aspect analysis protection tripping, the advantage of logic diagram is just more obvious.During the protection tripping,, can only rely on the overall process after the logic diagram mode is reproduced the protection startup without any SOE.For example: transformer drops tripping when fault, logic diagram can show and pass by (... (4) → (7) → (9) ...), the technical staff can intuitively draw because second harmonic component is excessive, locking the differential protection outlet.For accident analysis provides scientific basis.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of visual transparent monitoring system that is used for microcomputer protective relay device, it is one can realize the microcomputer protective relay function, can represent simultaneously the system of relaying protection central processor CPU processing digital signal internal procedure in the microcomputer protective relay process with the visual picture mode, this system comprises: (1) microcomputer protective relay device; (2) the embedded Control software in the microcomputer protective relay device wherein is provided with the monitoring point; (3) display monitoring device; (4) can read the visual control software of monitoring point information.
2, the visual transparent monitoring system that is used for microcomputer protective relay device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the logic determines process of embedded Control software, functional module outlet is provided with the monitoring point, and assignment statement is adopted in the monitoring point.
3, the visual transparent monitoring system that is used for microcomputer protective relay device as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that described monitoring point has particular state and order attribute, this attribute information is used to reflect the actual path of logical process, the result of condition judgment, the output result of software module.
4, the visual transparent monitoring system that is used for microcomputer protective relay device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that being stored in the different memory blocks at the monitoring point attribute information that different program cycle processes is write down.
5, the visual transparent monitoring system that is used for microcomputer protective relay device as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that described display monitoring device can be portable machine, desktop computer, handheld computer or large scale display device, this display monitoring device and microcomputer protective relay device can pass through serial communication or bus extended mode exchange message.
6, the visual transparent monitoring system that is used for microcomputer protective relay device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described figure is the figure that user, technical staff accepted that is easy to by microcomputer protective relay device; This figure can be used for but be not limited to help user, technical staff to understand principle, the analysis accident of microcomputer protective relay; This patterned way can be but be not limited to flow chart, Principles of Relay Protection figure.
7, the visual transparent monitoring system that is used for microcomputer protective relay device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that visual monitoring software is that dynamic figures partly is defined as the animated graphs structure, animated graphs structure attribute is corresponding one by one with the monitoring point attribute; The variation and the process of the corresponding microcomputer protective relay core processing of this animated graphs structure process can be logical process program trend, process execution result.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02138932 CN1404194A (en) | 2002-08-15 | 2002-08-15 | Visual transparent monitoring system for relay protector of microcomputer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 02138932 CN1404194A (en) | 2002-08-15 | 2002-08-15 | Visual transparent monitoring system for relay protector of microcomputer |
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| CN1404194A true CN1404194A (en) | 2003-03-19 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102647026A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-22 | 上海毅昊自动化有限公司 | System for visually dynamically monitoring running state of relay protector |
| CN104423304A (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2015-03-18 | Ls产电株式会社 | Event communication apparatus for protection relay |
| CN107798945A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-03-13 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of teaching method based on graphical digital programmable relay protection experimental |
-
2002
- 2002-08-15 CN CN 02138932 patent/CN1404194A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102647026A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-22 | 上海毅昊自动化有限公司 | System for visually dynamically monitoring running state of relay protector |
| CN104423304A (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2015-03-18 | Ls产电株式会社 | Event communication apparatus for protection relay |
| CN107798945A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-03-13 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of teaching method based on graphical digital programmable relay protection experimental |
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