CN1403856A - Display and its production and driving method - Google Patents

Abstract

A display includes in each of display areas: a reflective area containing a non-light-emitting display element for effecting a display by means of a liquid crystal display element reflecting external light; and a light-emitting area containing a light-emitting display element for effecting a display by means of an organic EL element directly modulating external light, the reflective area and the light-emitting area being ordered in some manner. The display further includes a first substrate and a second substrate positioned opposite to each other, and the light-modulating element and the light-emitting element are both provided between the first substrate and the second substrate. Thus, a display and a method of manufacturing thereof can be offered which allows for reduction in size and cost and delivers excellent visibility from outdoors to indoors.

Description

Display device and manufacturing thereof and driving method

Technical field

The present invention relates to utilize display device and the manufacture method and the driving method of luminous display units such as non-luminous display unit, organic electroluminescent device such as liquid crystal indicator etc.Relate in particular to the display device that in the viewing area, is provided with non-luminous display area and luminous display area simultaneously, luminous display unit and manufacture method thereof and its driving circuit.

Background technology

In recent years, mobile phone and personal digital assistant device (PDA:Personal Date Assistant, personal digital assistant) etc. are extensively popularized.Thereupon, in recent years, the research and development of display device of display message of being used for that attach on these terminals are extensively being carried out.

Above-mentioned display device is broadly divided into non-light emitting display and light emitting display two classes, the former is that the light from external light source with sunlight, room light, background light, front lighting etc. shows after the optical modulation element adjustment, as its representative, people are known that liquid crystal display cells; The latter is then unnecessary external light source, shows that by light-emitting component self is luminous as its representative, electroluminescent device (ElectroLuminescence) just is being subjected to people and is extremely paying close attention to, below, these display device are described in further detail.

At first, with regard to the non-light emitting display that utilizes external light source is the Nonopaque type liquid crystal indicator, since with background light as light source, electric power is big, profile is big, and is unfavorable for portably using, therefore so consume, in order to suppress the power consumption of one of the problems referred to above, develop a kind of electrode and make,, developed the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device that utilizes external light sources such as sunshine and indoor light as light source with this of the catoptrical metal of energy of aluminium etc. with the liquid crystal layer bottom.And this reflection-type liquid-crystal display device is to utilize external light source work, so be difficult in the dark use.

In order to address this problem, developed a kind of light-transmission type display device, the liquid crystal layer lower electrode is made with semi-permeable mirror, under bright environment, can not use background light and carry out reflection-type and show, and when dark place, light background light and carry out light-transmission type and show.But in the described semi-transparent type display device, the part of light reflection has been used opposite characteristic with the part of light transmission, and this has just reduced the light utilization ratio, therefore, can not improve reduction power consumption at all.

Therefore, the present inventor studied a kind of can be under the bright ring border without background light as reflection-type use, light background light in the dark the time and the consummate device of liquid crystal that uses as light-transmission type (with reference to U.S. Patent bulletin " Patent No.:US6; 195; 140B1; Date of Patent:Feb; 27,2001 " is that Japan openly speciallys permit communique " spy opens flat 11-101992 communique (open day, on April 13rd, 1999).

This liquid crystal indicator reduces thickness and makes the liquid crystal indicator in the past of its reflector plate with semi-transparency different with use, in liquid crystal indicator with each display pixel sub reflector district with see through two districts, district, be the district of described liquid crystal indicator as each display pixel, form reflecting electrode, and as the echo area; On the other hand, in other districts of each display pixel, form and see through electrode, setting is decided to be through the district in the lump, makes the thickness of liquid crystal layer of echo area different with the thickness of liquid crystal layer that sees through the district in addition, so just may realize optimal brightness in the echo area with in through each district that distinguishes.

Yet in the liquid-crystal apparatus of above-mentioned pixel segmentation type, though background light is shone in the whole district to each pixel from the rear, and what can utilize this background light only is the district that sees through of each pixel, therefore exist the low problem of background light utilization factor, especially under the high situation of the district of reflecting electrode ratio, must see through the district can narrow down, so the background light utilization factor reduces.

As an example of the background light utilization factor that improves above-mentioned pixel segmentation type liquid crystal indicator, for example there is Japan will report perhaps openly that " spy opens 2001-66593 communique (open day March 16 calendar year 2001), disclosed pixel segmentation type liquid crystal indicator.In this liquid crystal indicator 300, as shown in figure 41, at first, each pixel 302 at liquid crystal display 301 ... on the reflecting electrode that disposed 303 parts go up to be provided with and see through peristome 304 ... form the liquid crystal indicator of pixel segmentation type thus, in addition, in this liquid crystal indicator 300, lamp adopts the light-emitting component of being made up of organic EL (electroluminescence) element 310 as a setting, the illuminating part 311 of this organic EL 310 on the other hand ... not to be configured in each pixel 302 ... whole district on, only be configured in corresponding to the district that sees through peristome 304, like this, because the organic EL that will make pattern lamp group is as a setting gone into, and has improved the utilization factor of light, reduce power consumption.

At this, for the display device of representing as luminous display unit, use above-mentioned organic EL, it has thin, light characteristics, also can in the dark use without irradiation, and, the light of being launched almost all is used for showing, thus light utilization ratio height, still, this display device with organic EL must be often luminous, especially under the bright ring border, be the raising display quality, must increase its luminous quantity, therefore be difficult to realize the reduction power consumption.

Yet, in pixel segmentation type liquid crystal indicator shown in Figure 41, for at the organic EL 310 of the outside of liquid crystal display 301 configuration as light-emitting component, see through peristome 304 at reflecting electrode 303 ... and between the organic EL 310, being equipped with and differing sheet 305, polaroid 306 and two sheet glass substrates is glass substrate 307 and glass substrate 312.Now, general pel spacing is about 80 μ m, under this occasion, the width that sees through peristome 104 is its 1/2 to 1/6, about 15 μ m to 40 μ m, therefore, the thickness of polaroid 306 is about 300 μ m, and thick is that the glass of 500～700 μ m exists with the form of the glass substrate 312 of the glass substrate 307 of substrate liquid crystal display 301 and organic EL 310.Therefore, the distance that sees through between peristome 304 and the organic EL 310 of reflecting electrode 303 is 1300 μ m～1700 μ m, although thereby the luminophor 311 of organic EL 310 is arranged on through on the peristome 304 corresponding positions, the light that the luminophor 311 of organic EL 310 is sent can all be injected through peristome 304, therefore, still exist the not high problem of organic EL 110 illumination efficiencies.

Again, in the pixel segmentation type liquid crystal indicator shown in Figure 41, overlapping substrate this point is still constant.In addition, for its thin type aspect, the gross thickness of liquid crystal indicator thickness and organic EL thickness has boundary, so the problem of thin typeization does not still solve, also has, under the situation of Figure 41 structure, be necessary with liquid crystal indicator to see through peristome 304 pre-aligned and fixing with the formation portion of organic EL 310, for this reason, the special-purpose locating device and the fixing mechanism of usefulness must be arranged, make part count increase, cost rises.

On the other hand, as mentioned above, reflection-type liquid-crystal display device is that purpose is developed to improve outdoor visual identity, outdoor light is strong, visual identity is superior certainly, otherwise, it just can not be in indoor or use in night, therefore, if use reflection-type liquid-crystal display device, as substituting of outer light, corresponding will research introduced the front lighting that quadrature is in the past penetrated, should for front lighting use the example of organic EL be disclosed in Japan openly specially permit communique " spy opens on the 2000-75287 communique (open day on March 14th, 2000), yet; the situation of this occasion importing background light also as on transmission type liquid crystal display device, exist the problem that causes the integral thickness thickening owing to the thickness of display device and secondary light source.

In addition, as mentioned above, by on a base plate, forming liquid crystal display cells and organic EL, thereby can remedy shortcoming separately, do best demonstration in all cases.

But in above-mentioned display device, if form liquid crystal display cells and organic EL merely on a base plate, then the cloth line drive circuit of base plate becomes complicated, fabrication yield, and costs etc. constitute problem.

On the other hand,,, when making, there is following problem for the luminous display unit that has as the organic EL of light-emitting component as other problem,

" spy opens 2000-173770 communique (open day; on June 23rd, 2000) and discloses following technology; on a substrate; the driving loop that forms organic EL is a TFT thin film semiconductor circuit; form as the metal electrode of negative electrode more thereon and form the part of the organic layer of organic EL layer; again after forming anode layer on the other substrate for example openly to specially permit communique in Japan, form luminescent layer more thereon, at last, with the biplate superimposed substrate, by heating or pressurization, organic layer is engaged under the temperature more than the glassy layer transition temperature.

Again, openly specially permit in the communique " spy opens 2001-43980 communique (open day; February 16 calendar year 2001) " in Japan and to disclose following technology, on substrate (TFT substrate also can) form earlier positive electrode (anode) thereon in turn lamination as the positive hole injecting layer of organic EL layer, positive hole transfer layer and luminescent layer, after this form metal level as thin as a wafer, form transparency conducting layer at last as the low working function of negative electrode.

Here; during above-mentioned two communiques one of are appointed; make that all from the light of organic EL outgoing be not substrate-side outgoing from the driving electricity loop that forms this organic EL, but subtend substrate or protective seam one side outgoing from setting with its subtend, like this; compare with the occasion that forms the side outgoing from circuit; emergent light is unlikely to be blocked by the wiring pattern, therefore can the enlarged opening rate, improve shell degree and luminescence efficiency; improve reliability, increase the service life.

In addition, the formation side of driving circuit, even, also enough form circuit here, and leave the leeway of circuit design in the past as the area of peristome, when improving reliability and yield rate, can form the circuit of further enhancement function, open in the 2000-173770 communique above-mentioned spy particularly, by separately forming the realization of coming of driving circuit side and luminescent layer side branch, above-mentioned spy opens in the 2001-43980 communique, does cathode electrode to such an extent that realize as thin as a wafer.

Here, for the viewpoint of reliability of organic EL from lighting function, pay special attention to not sneak into moisture, moreover, acceptor doping and cause organic conductive body performance degradation is also arranged because oxidation, also have, the metal that uses as negative electrode has magnesium (mg), lithium (Li), the calcium low materials of working function such as (Ca), oxidation especially easily, shaping processing difficulties.

Like this, though the organic EL structure is simple, characteristics are; used material property is subjected to the influence of outside environment easily; therefore form the EL element formula, under the environment that cuts off moisture and oxygen, form as far as possible, and preferably forming the protective seam of protection luminescent layer simultaneously.

This point is opened in the 2000-173770 communique above-mentioned spy, and for the part of the organic layer by forming organic EL engages, therefore the possibility that is exposed in the atmosphere that contains moisture and oxygen when engaging is very big, so reliability becomes a problem.

Again, the organic layer of formation organic EL is all used the film about about 1000 , forms its part during applying on the two substrates side, and in the process more than temperature rises to glass transition point, homogeneity membranous and performance tends to be damaged.

Again, open in the 2001-43980 communique above-mentioned spy, side at emergent light has metal negative electrode, although as thin as a wafer, also can have the transmission loss that causes thus, in addition just because of negative electrode as thin as a wafer, therefore, with form thereon transparency conducting layer and organic conductive layers in the combination with oxygen that contains and cause performance degradation and the temperature when forming transparency conducting layer to the influence of luminescent layer, become the problem that will study.

Again, open the 2000-173770 communique,, have higher impedance, therefore when making screen board, produce problems such as hot spot because the power consumption that nesa coating causes can cause image frame than ormal conductor because anode-side is a nesa coating according to above-mentioned spy.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to, provide a kind of small-sized, at a low price and from outdoor to indoor visual identity all good display device and manufacturing and driving method.

In order to reach above purpose, in the display device of the present invention, in the viewing area, comprise first viewing area that the non-illuminated display element that shown by optical modulation element reflection ambient light is formed and by second viewing area that light-emitting component is directly modulated and the display element that shows is formed, and above-mentioned first viewing area and second viewing area are set simultaneously.

Therefore, light-emitting component of the present invention different from the past like that with light-emitting component as a setting lamp and front lighting use, but directly show with the luminous of self towards display surface one side.Can improve the utilization factor of the light that light-emitting component sends by this, also can make simultaneously the thickness attenuation of display device, that is to say, the thickness of back of the body background light scape lamp is generally about 3～6mm, therefore, the advantage that reduces owing to the thickness that does not adopt background light to bring is very large, at first, do not need background light to be meant, do not need in the past the back side that is arranged on liquid crystal display and background light between polaroid, differ sheet and glass substrate.Therefore, owing to do not need these polaroids, differ sheet and glass substrate becomes all not, the thickness of display device can be thinner.

Again, owing to needn't the background light of the light-emitting component that forms pattern be positioned, can omit the isolated plant, the fixed mechanism that are equipped with for this reason, then can reduce number of components, reduction operation, thus, expenditure can reduce cost.

And, the advantage that does not need background light and rear side polaroid and differ sheet is, be not limited only to the attenuation of display device integral thickness, that is to say, reduce the number of components this point not only for fee of material, and assemble required expenses such as people's number and various parts inspections and also can cut down, so display device manufacturing cost on the whole descends.

Also have, display device for the viewing area partitioning scheme of the such for example pixel segmentation mode of invention etc., can being set at than at random to a certain degree with first viewing area and second viewing area, thus, for example be used in mobile phone, under the occasion in the information carried terminal mobile devices such as (PDA), usually, with the i.e. ratio increase of first viewing area in echo area, for example make in the elemental area of display pixel 80% during for the echo area, luminous zone i.e. second viewing area is 20%, therefore even the light-emitting area of light-emitting component be maximum also only 1/5 of the need elemental area just passable, this point means can reduce power consumption.

Therefore, can provide a kind of small-sized, cheap, the simultaneously no matter open-air or all superior display device of indoor its visual identity performance.

Again, display device of the present invention also has first substrate and second substrate of mutual subtend, described light is adjusted element and light-emitting component all is arranged between described first substrate and second substrate, thereby optical modulation element and light-emitting component all only be housed between first substrate and second substrate, thereby the thickness that makes display device attenuate really.

Again, display device of the present invention is in the display device of described record, light is adjusted the optical modulation layer of element and the luminescent layer of light-emitting component is provided with layer, and so-called here not meaning with layer is same horizontal level, can comprise the luminescent layer of light-emitting component in the optical modulation layer of light-emitting component.

According to described invention, the optical modulation layer of light-emitting component and optical modulation element is arranged on same one deck, therefore, and in the thickness range of the non-illuminated display element that in the past formed by optical modulation element, can accommodate light-emitting component, the result is the thickness of attenuate display device positively.

Again, display device of the present invention, second viewing area that first viewing area, light-emitting component that the non-illuminated display element that shown by light outside the optical modulation element reflection forms are directly modulated and the illuminated display element that shows is formed is set in its viewing area in the lump, also possess first substrate and second substrate to being provided with mutually simultaneously, described optical modulation element and light-emitting component all are arranged between first substrate and second substrate, and in described second viewing area, the optical modulation layer of the described light-emitting component of lamination and optical modulation element in turn on described first substrate.

According to described invention, in second viewing area, at the optical modulation layer of described the above light-emitting component of first substrate and optical modulation element lamination in turn, therefore, optical modulation element and light-emitting component all are housed between first substrate and second substrate, so certain attenuate of the thickness of display device energy, and although optical modulation layer can be stacked in the face side of light-emitting component, light-emitting component is set between first substrate and second substrate, therefore, the display light of light-emitting component all shines second viewing area.Thereby the utilization factor of light is very high.

Thus, can provide a kind of guarantee higher illumination efficiency, the display device that not only improves brightness and can reduce display device thickness and reduce the parts expense.

Again, display device of the present invention can sharedly mutually drive each data signal line and each scan signal line of described each viewing area of rectangular configuration with described optical modulation element and light-emitting component.

Therefore, can provide a kind of and can prevent that circuit from constituting complicated and fabrication yield height and the low display device of cost when in the viewing area, forming two display elements.

Again, the manufacture method of display device of the present invention, when making the display device of described non-illuminated display element and illuminated display element and usefulness, when on first substrate, forming driving circuit, after forming light-emitting component on second substrate, be combined to one with forming first substrate-side of these driving circuits and second substrate-side of formation light-emitting component.

When making display device, the driving element of light-emitting component and driven light-emitting element and optical modulation element can be formed with other method, therefore, the influence of the process temperature in the time of when light-emitting component forms, can not being activated element formation, medicine, gas etc.

Again, display device of the present invention, in order to address the above problem, form separately by display element, comprise that in first substrate-side that has formed driving circuit on first substrate, with on second substrate, forming two light-emitting components fit together with second substrate-side that the light-emitting component of electrode becomes.

Again, display device of the present invention is in the display device of described record, light-emitting component is formed by organic electroluminescent device, in second substrate-side that forms described organic electroluminescent device, the negative electrode on organic electroluminescent device fits together with first substrate-side after forming.

According to described invention, for single device that forms by light-emitting component, formation is as second substrate-side of the organic electroluminescent device of light-emitting component (below be called " organic EL "), after forming with the cathode electrode of electrode as light-emitting component on the organic EL, fit together with first substrate-side.

By this; making from the light of organic EL outgoing is not substrate-side outgoing from the driving circuit that drives organic EL; and subtend substrate or the outgoing of protective seam side from being provided with its subtend; therefore; identical with the light exit direction in the described conventional art; compare with the structure that forms the side outgoing to driving circuit, similarly have following principal advantages.

At first, owing to form first substrate-side and the organic EL that driving circuit is set respectively.Therefore, can distinguish and make up manufacturing process independently, thereby not be subjected to the influence of temperature, gas and medicine etc., improve reliability.

Again, because described structure, light is shone formed second substrate-side of organic EL, like this, can not influence the aperture opening ratio of driving circuit side and the luminous zone is set at wideer.Thus, can improve brightness, and because light-emitting area is bigger, obtaining the required per unit area magnitude of current of same brightness can reduce, and then can realize increasing the service life and utilizing luminescence efficiency to improve and reduce power consumption.

Again, because light shines first substrate-side that is formed with driving circuit, first substrate-side can form driving circuit on whole, therefore, can freely set TFT (the Thin FilmTransistor of driving circuit, thin film transistor (TFT)) size, or in TFT generation district, allow some leeway, need closely-controlled circuit thereby can form, in addition, because wiring width has also had leeway, makes the driving circuit reliability higher, product qualified rate is also higher.

Again, in the driving method of display device of the present invention, adopt the display device that non-illuminated display element and illuminated display element are set in the lump, and, promptly 1 field be divided into a plurality ofly unit interval of the picture signal in each viewing area, respectively cut apart its chien shih optical modulation element or light-emitting component leads to-break action at each.

According to described invention, for the display device that drives non-illuminated display element and illuminated display element is set in the lump, by being divided into 1 field several, during cutting apart, each make optical modulation element or light-emitting component lead to-break action, can control 1 in the field optical modulation element or total ON time of light-emitting component, further make the kind variation of this wiring pattern of lighting a lamp, and can drive effectively.

Again, go up the ON time of control optical modulation element or light-emitting component by the above-mentioned time, gray shade scale that can display image signals.

Therefore, in the time of in two display elements are formed on a viewing area, prevent that circuit structure is complicated, the high and low cost of qualification rate, efficient height when a kind of manufacturing can be provided, and the driving method of the display device that good gray shade scale shows can be arranged.

Other purposes of the present invention, special little and advantage sees for details just not put down in writing and can fully understand, and in addition, also reads following explanation about advantage of the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing, can be clear and definite.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is expression display device one example of the present invention, and it is the sectional drawing of a pixel in this expression display device of expression.

Fig. 2 is an expression summary of the present invention, and it is the graph of a relation of expression display environment and consumed power.

Fig. 3 is an expression summary of the present invention, and it is the graph of a relation of expression display environment and brightness.

Fig. 4 (a)～Fig. 4 (c) is the key diagram of the manufacture method of the subtend substrate in the described display device of expression.

Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b) are the key diagrams of TFT manufacture of substrates in the described display device of expression.

Fig. 6 is that expression forms the display device sectional drawing with metal electrode along the anode of organic EL under black matrix".

Fig. 7 is the layer display device sectional drawing textural and that form under black matrix" that expression is formed on metal electrode organic EL.

Fig. 8 (a) and Fig. 8 (b) are the subtend substrate of the described display device of expression and the key diagram of TFT baseplate-laminating state.

Fig. 9 is the driving circuit figure of common signal line and 1 pixel when driving in the described display device.

Figure 10 is the driving circuit figure of the described display device of expression variation of the driving circuit of a pixel in common signal line and when driving.

Figure 11 is the show state performance plot of the described display device of expression.

Figure 12 represents another example of display device of the present invention, and it is the sectional drawing of a pixel in the expression display device.

Figure 13 (a)～Figure 13 (c) is the key diagram of subtend manufacture of substrates in the described display device of expression.

Figure 14 is the key diagram of TFT manufacture of substrates in the described display device of expression.

Figure 15 (a) and Figure 15 (b) are the subtend substrate of the described display device of expression and the key diagram of TFT baseplate-laminating state.

Figure 16 be expression display device of the present invention again an example represent the sectional drawing of a pixel in the display device.

Figure 17 is the sectional drawing of expression multilayer when forming the protuberance of described display device.

Figure 18 is the planimetric map of display frame in the described display device.

Figure 19 (a) is arranged on the luminous zone when to be expression with the echo area of 1 pixel of described display device and luminous zone cut apart the planimetric map that the inboard constituted of echo area.

Figure 19 (b) is when to be expression with the echo area of 1 pixel of described display device and luminous zone cut apart, and the luminous zone is arranged on the planimetric map that the corner side of echo area is constituted.

Figure 20 is an example again of expression display device of the present invention, uses the block scheme under the optical sensor occasion.

Figure 21 is an example again of expression display device of the present invention, the planimetric map of a pixel in the expression display device.

Figure 22 is the A-A line sectional drawing of Figure 21 of 1 pixel of expression in the described display device.

Figure 23 is the whole pie graph of the described display device of expression.

Figure 24 be the described display device of expression under the normal white pattern drain voltage Vd less than the key diagram of liquid crystal with threshold voltage vt h show state of liquid crystal display cells and organic EL when (LC).

Figure 25 be the described display device of expression under the normal white pattern drain voltage Vd greater than liquid crystal with threshold voltage vt h (LC) and less than the key diagram of the show state of EL element.

Figure 26 represents described display device under the normal white pattern, the key diagram of the show state of liquid crystal display cells and organic EL when drain voltage Vd uses threshold voltage (OLED) greater than liquid crystal with threshold voltage vt h (LC) and greater than EC.

Figure 27 is the key diagram of the described display device of expression show state of liquid crystal display cells and organic EL when drain voltage Vd is less than shared threshold voltage Vth under normal black mode.

Figure 28 is the key diagram of the described display device of expression show state of liquid crystal display cells and organic EL when drain voltage Vd is greater than shared threshold voltage Vth under normal black mode.

Figure 29 (a) is the key diagram of expression display device luminance state of liquid crystal display cells under normal black mode, and Figure 29 (b) is the key diagram of expression display device luminance state of organic EL under normal black mode.

Figure 30 is the signal waveforms of another other examples of display device of the present invention when driving down.

Figure 31 is the key diagram of other formations of expression electric current and voltage conversion means.

Figure 32 (a)～Figure 32 (c) is the signal waveforms of another other examples of display device of the present invention when driving down.

Figure 33 is expression display device of the present invention another other examples, the sectional drawing of the organic EL luminous element that is made of hole transporting layer, luminescent layer, electron supplying layer as organic EL layer.

Figure 34 is the sectional drawing of the organic EL luminous element that is made of the macromolecule EL material as organic EL layer of expression.

Figure 35 (a)～Figure 35 (c) is the sectional drawing of the anti-substantially manufacture method of the subtend of the display device shown in expression Figure 33.

Figure 36 (a) and Figure 36 (b) are the sectional drawings of manufacture method of the TFT circuit side substrate of the display device of expression shown in Figure 33.

Figure 37 (a) and Figure 37 (b) are the subtend substrate of the display device shown in expression Figure 33 and the sectional drawing of TFT circuit side baseplate-laminating technology.

Figure 38 (a)～Figure 38 (c) is the sectional drawing of manufacture method of the subtend substrate of expression display device shown in Figure 34.

Figure 39 is an expression display device TFT circuit side manufacture of substrates sectional drawing shown in Figure 34.

Figure 40 (a) and Figure 40 (b) are the subtend substrate of expression display device shown in Figure 34 and the sectional drawing of TFT circuit side baseplate-laminating technology.

Figure 41 is a sectional drawing of representing display device always.

Embodiment

At first, describe for summary of the present invention.

Display device of the present invention is that non-illuminated display element and self luminous illuminated display element that the outer light of reflection shows are assembled formation in same display device, hence one can see that, do not need to install other light sources such as background light, so power consumption is low and miniaturization can realize simultaneously, also have, non-illuminated display element and the combination of self luminous illuminated display element are installed in the same display device, because can be with electrode, wiring, driving element, the manufacturing process of the parts of insulator etc. changes jointly, therefore, the time and the expense of institute's expenses such as light source manufacturings such as in the past being used for background light and annex are significantly reduced.

Below, further to effect of the present invention, detailed descriptions such as effect.

At first, as mentioned above, usually display device can be divided into non-luminous display unit and luminous display unit two big classes substantially, non-luminous display unit makes from the optical modulation element of the non-illuminated display element of light transmission of external light source outgoing such as sunlight, room light, background light, front lighting and modulates, for this non-luminous display element, exist a kind of have make from the reflection-type of the reflection means of the light reflection of outside and the infiltration type that does not have reflection means.On the other hand, luminous display unit is the display device with light-emitting component, usually, light-emitting component or to be called the part of luminescent layer luminous automatically, is called optical modulation with the control that sees through light in the above-mentioned optical modulation element here, corresponding therewith, light-emitting component luminous is called direct modulation.

For by the non-luminous display unit of the infiltration type of transmission type liquid crystal display device representative, usually from secretly being shown to bright demonstration, the brightness of background light is certain and frequent some light yellow, therefore, the non-luminous display unit of infiltration type is outer light source often, can consume electric power, in addition, under the situation of the non-luminous display unit of infiltration type, must there be multiple power supply to supply with and control for optical modulation element and backlight, therefore parts are many, limited miniaturization, and are also non-to reduce cost.

And on the other hand, by the luminous display unit of EL display device representative, in order to regulate and control luminosity, show slinkingly and show that the electric power that consumes with bright demonstration is different, from consuming electric power, show slinkingly and show that less bright demonstration is then many.

Here, the non-illuminated display element of these infiltration types or the non-illuminated display element of illuminated display element and reflection-type are assembled in the same screen, when both sides are used to show, compare with the present invention.Be about to the non-illuminated display element of infiltration type and the display device in the past of the non-illuminated display element combination of reflection-type, i.e. the liquid crystal indicator of the pixel segmentation type that had illustrated as conventional art, and display device of the present invention is done a comparison together.

Liquid crystal indicator in the past is shown in dashed lines L1 among Fig. 2, from under the bright ring border under the dark situation light source be that backlight must often be lighted, must consume certain substantially electric power, in contrast to this, illuminated display element and the non-illuminated display element of reflection-type are combined in the brightness that display device of the present invention in the same screen board can be adjusted illuminated display element according to surrounding environment, therefore, such shown in Fig. 2 solid line L2, luminosity is reduced, the non-illuminated display element of reflection-type is utilized, and the luminosity that can make illuminated display element under dark situation improves to keep demonstration, therefore, the power consumption of lighting background light in the non-luminous display unit of infiltration type is in the past reduced.

Therefore, display device of the present invention, as using under the bright ring border, the more power saving of display device than the non-illuminated display element combination of the non-illuminated display element of infiltration type and reflection-type shows by reducing brightness, can increase the service life, and improves reliability.Also have, display device of the present invention there is no need to be provided with in addition background light, therefore with in the past liquid crystal indicator relatively, can realize slimming and miniaturization, adding does not need power supply means and control etc., and cost is reduced.

Again, use the display device of illuminated display element to compare display device of the present invention and light, can obtain the result of Fig. 3, promptly as shown in the with dashed lines L1 among Fig. 3, light has the display device of illuminated display element formation along with environment becomes bright, its luminosity is not as strengthening, and demonstration will become and be difficult to identification.

And display device of the present invention, under bright environment, the non-illuminated display element of reflection-type will improve its display characteristic, illuminated display element is shown in the solid line L2 of same figure, brightness just reduces and can show, this is the content that does not in the past only have under the occasion with illuminated display element, is the brightness control method that the present invention forms alone.

Like this, be used for display device of the present invention, with the situation of illuminated display element, can set high-high brightness lower, can improve the reliability life-saving of its use simultaneously than only.

Example 1

Example of the present invention is described as follows by Fig. 4 to Figure 11.

As shown in Figure 1, the display device 50 of this example, as the liquid crystal layer 26 of optical modulation layer and as the organic EL 60 of light-emitting component, held under the arm in the centre by the TFT substrate 51 of upper and lower and subtend substrate 52, and lower side is to be formed with TFT (Thin Film Trainmaster on the insulativity substrate 21 of conduct first substrate that the material that is representative forms by glass, thin film transistor (TFT)), form and for each display pixel and to drive as the liquid crystal of the reflection type liquid crystal display element 20 of optical modulation element with TFT element 22 and drive as the EL of the light emitting-type organic EL 60 of light-emitting component with TFT element 4.These liquid crystal can drive with TFT element 42 separately individually with TFT element 22 and EL, on the other hand, also can common signal line drive.

On the other hand, side is provided with up, equally the insulativity substrate 29 of transparent conduct second substrate that is formed by glass; On this insulativity substrate 29, form color filter layer 28 again; Black bottom 33; Counter electrode 27 as optical modulation element display surface lateral electrode; By as the negative electrode 65 of light-emitting component with electrode and light-emitting component display surface lateral electrode; Hole transporting layer 64; Luminescent layer 63; Electron supplying layer 62; And by organic EL 60, the polaroid 32 formed with negative electrode 61 of electrode etc. as light-emitting component, differ the subtend substrate 52 that sheet 31 is formed.

Here, in this example, the optical modulation layer of organic EL 60 and liquid crystal display cells 20 is that liquid crystal layer 26 is arranged on one deck and makes the light exit side at organic EL 60 not have liquid crystal layer 26.

That is to say, in the display device 50 in this example, for each display pixel, be provided with in the lump will be on the part of liquid crystal display cells from the external incident light of display surface one side with pixel electrode 25 reflections of liquid crystal display cells 20 and through the echo area 11 of liquid crystal layer 26 modulation and conduct first viewing area that shows and on the part of organic EL 60, carry out autoluminescence and the luminous zone 12a as second viewing area of this light to display surface one side outgoing as the viewing area.

Again, the light that the display device 50 of this example has organic EL 60 outgoing is difficult to penetrate the structure of liquid crystal layer 26, and therefore, the light of organic EL 60 outgoing is not because liquid crystal is scattered or is absorbed, so be difficult to produce the brightness reduction.

In this example, described organic EL 60 is formed on the anode 65 of subtend substrate 52, this means that the organic EL 60 of example is made by different operations with the TFT circuit.

That is to say, organic EL 60 is formed on subtend substrate 52 sides, light directive subtend substrate 52 sides of the EL element 60 after the formation, like this, when forming subtend substrate 52, for example use ITO (indiumTin Oxide:, indium tin oxide) forms transparent anode 65, preface forms hole transporting layer 64 successively then, luminescent layer 63, electron supplying layer 62, and negative electrode 61, can adopt used in the past formation method, there is not driving circuit owing to subtend substrate 52 sides simultaneously, thus organic EL 60 aperture opening ratios are not limited with regard to there being driving circuit yet, so can obtain nearly 100% aperture opening ratio.

Again, because TFT manufacturing process separates with the manufacturing process of subtend substrate 52, with the heat affecting of avoiding producing in the TFT manufacture process, to there be the photoetching of carrying out and etched operation separately especially, its soup and water can produce the illeffects of luminescent layer 63 deterioration in characteristics of using organic material.

Therefore, organic EL 60 and TFT substrate 51 are separated to make for the performance of keeping organic EL 60 be useful.

Here, the luminescent layer that uses in this example, and pay no attention to and adopt low molecule-type EL material or adopt polymer electrolyte EL material, the organic EL 60 that the figure shows is expression application examples with low molecule-type EL made luminescent layer 63, and, the two sides of luminescent layer 63 is provided with electron supplying layer 62 and hole transporting layer 61, above-mentioned electron supplying layer 62 and hole transporting layer 64 are set may not be necessary, but for the luminescent layer 63 that uses low molecule-type EL material, electron supplying layer 62 and hole transporting layer 64 are set, and are useful on the luminescence efficiency this point.

Again, the display device 50 of this example, in TFT51 between pixel electrode 25 and the organic EL 60, the conductive contact layer 66 that one place protuberance is arranged, organic EL 60 here is electrically connected with the TFT element with pixel electrode 25 and EL, and this conductive contact layer 66 is provided with in order to adjust height.

Below, the manufacture method of the display device 50 that has the organic EL 60 that is formed by described low molecule-type EL material luminescent layer 63 is explained.At first just forming subtend substrate 52 situations describes.

The luminescent layer 63 of low molecule-type EL material generally is to form organic EL 60 with the mask evaporation.Therefore, when forming subtend substrate 52, shown in Fig. 4 (a), at first, mask 55 is arranged on the counter electrode 27 of subtend substrate 52 and the precalculated position of anode 65 sides, this example as described later, adopt the type of drive of liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 60 shared signal lines, therefore, textural, the raceway groove of a not conducting of formation between counter electrode 27 and anode 65.And counter electrode 27 and anode 65 can conductings when making liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 60 individual drive.

Then, shown in Fig. 4 (b) and Fig. 4 (c), that the window 55a of mask 55 is open-minded.Hole transporting layer 64, luminescent layer 63, electron supplying layer 62 and negative electrode 61 be film forming in turn.

On the other hand, when forming TFT substrate 51, press shown in Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b), at liquid crystal TFT element 22, EL is with TFT element 42 and formed on the TFT substrate 51 of pixel electrode 25 after the coating photoelectric sensitivity conductive resin, carry out mask exposure, only leave electroconductive resin on the electric conductivity contact layer 66.Here, pixel electrode 25 also is arranged in the district that organic EL 60 disposed in this example, this pixel electrode 25 has reflexive conducting film by aluminium (Al) etc., and to form organic EL 60 then only luminous in the opposite display surface side of pixel electrode 25, therefore, the existence of pixel electrode 25 does not have the problem of light transmission, in addition, the backside reflection plate of organic EL 60 needn't be formed in addition, therefore the operation number can be reduced.

Again, described negative electrode 61 normally forms with metal, but is not limited thereto, as available electroconductive resin, also have, after negative electrode is formed with metal or electroconductive resin again with electroconductive resin form also can, also have, electroconductive resin also can adopt the spray up method coating.

Again, in this example, for light directive subtend substrate 52 examples that allow organic EL 60 send, be necessary to allow electric current by subtend substrate 52 effluents to TFT substrate 51 sides, therefore, consider that luminescence efficiency will descend when the resistance value of the transparent anode 65 that forms on subtend substrate 52 sides was higher, therefore for addressing this problem, for example as shown in Figure 6, form metal electrode 65a along the transparency electrode 65 of organic EL 60, so that its resistance value descends, the material that can utilize as this metal electrode 65a, reflectivity is low, for example titanium (Ti), tantalums (Ta) etc. are for well, again, in order to make resistance lower, as shown in Figure 7, the metal electrode 65b that usefulness aluminium Low ESR metals such as (Al) forms is with usefulness tantalum (Ta), the metal electrode 65c cambium layer columnar structure of titanium antiradar reflectivities such as (Ti) also can form along black matrix" 33.Here, the reason that adopts low-reflectivity metal is in order to use metal electrode 65a, the 65b outer light of reflection and contrast is reduced.Under the same purpose, also metal electrode can be formed along black matrix" 33 again.Like this, can be in the not directly outgoing of the display surface side place of 33 shadings of black matrix", therefore, can be not limited to the low material of reflectivity, have again, Fig. 7 represents to have the organic EL 70 of the luminescent layer that forms with polymer electrolyte EL material, and the method for using described low reflective metals to handlebar EL element 60 or 70 any can adopt.

Again, in this example, on the border of organic EL 60 and liquid crystal 26, any parts are not set especially, but also may not be limited to this, for example, will in example 2, illustrate, the same with organic EL 70 light shield layer can be set, in this example, form the shading laminar at organic EL 60 places, organic EL 60 is formed stratiform, get final product with the light screening material coating on the peripheric surface.

Below, as Fig. 8 (a) in one's power shown in Fig. 8 (b), the subtend substrate 52 that has formed organic EL is aimed at mutually with TFT substrate 51, and it is fixing to fit, at this, organic EL 60 utilizes conductive contact layer 66TFT and substrate 51 to be electrically connected, ideally, all coat electroconductive resin on TFT substrate 51 and the subtend substrate 52 in advance, make that the electric contact of electroconductive resin both sides is good, prevent that the loose contact that causes because of metal oxide film surface, the elasticity that utilize resin to have from can realize contact easily.

Then, inject liquid crystal.Injection is after TFT substrate 51 and subtend substrate 52 are fitted mutually, and can inject with vacuum impregnation.

Then the material of organic EL 60 used various parts etc. is illustrated.

At first, organic EL is with showing in white luminous luminescent layer 63 liquid crystal display cells 20 that the color filter layer 28 that will use will be according to its former state use, but it is a kind of also to come to be limited to this, but the also luminescent layer 63 of any matter coloured light among UFSOFT red (R), green (G), blue (B), at this moment, the part of colored filter covering 28 will be made transparent.

That is to say, luminescent layer 63 luminous, timeliness deterioration difference according to red (R), green (G), blue its luminosity of (B) shades of colour, therefore, when luminescent layer 63 is used for display element, along with the past colour balance of time will collapse, this point can prevent this ageing colour balance deterioration when adopting the luminescent layer 63 of the coloured light that turns white.But then, in the time of with the luminescent layer 63 of the coloured light that turns white, uses under the versicolor colored situation of filtering covering 28.According to the difference of color filter layer 28 of all kinds, transmitance becomes 1/3, so the result is that the light utilization ratio reduces.

Therefore, any situation all is dialectical, with consider between the operating period short demonstration and compare with correct colour balance, not as good as the demonstration of paying attention to brightness desirable for adopting red (R), green (G), blue (B) versicolor luminescent layer 63, and to have that long colour balance constantly requires as TV etc. with desirable be linen luminescent layer 63.

Below, exemplifying can be as the material of luminescent layer 63 usefulness of being made up of the low molecule-type luminescent material of sending out each coloured light, naphthalene, fear, phenanthrene, pyrene, aphthacene, fluorescein, pyrene phthalein perylene, naphthalene phthalein pyrene, perylene, two hexichol butadiene, tetraphenyl dodecene, cumarin, quinoline metal fluor-complex, imines, hexichol are feared, diamido azoles, mustard seed quinoline be because of, Le Bulang etc.

On the other hand, the material as the luminescent layer 63 that emits white light can exemplify blue non-ferrous metal fluor-complex (Znboxz:Zinc-benzoxyazolz) and yellow metal fluor-complex (Znsq2:Zinc-styrylquinoline2).Also can be with the fluorchrome pyrene, (4-(Dicyanemethylent)-2-methy1-6-(4-dimethylaminostyry1)-4H-pyran) is entrained in wherein and uses DCM1.Using (the monolayer material after 2-(4-Biphenyly1)-5-(4-tert-buthlpheny1)-1.3.4-oxadiazol) disperses on the lamination of polymeric material, the polyvinylcarbazole with PBD.

In addition, the material as hole transporting layer 64 has phthalein cyanine compound, Cai's phthalein cyanine compound, etioporphyrin class, triazole, imidazoles, tetrahydrochysene imidazole, oxazole, stilbene.

Also have, the material of making electron supplying layer 62 has, and grape ketone, fears the many prestige in quinonyl ground, diphenyl 1,4-benzoquinone, tetrazolium, two Cai's embedding phenylcarbamoyl acid.

The electrode material of negative electrode 61 can exemplify as follows, and aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag) also have nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), gold (Au) etc., and metal material overlaps on the above-mentioned material, can improve contact performance.

Have again, as the electroconductive resin that is connected that is used for electric conductivity contact layer 66 that TFT substrate 51 and subtend substrate 52 engage, for example, the conductive photoreceptor polymkeric substance of being put down in writing in the conducting particles dispersion photosensitive resin of being put down in writing in the Te Kaiping 11-249299 communique (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.'s system), " Chemistry letters; pp.469472,1986 " of magazine 1986 The Chemical Society of Japan that can utilize polypyrrole to form.In more detail, open the technology of disperseing thing and sensitization about the dispersed photonasty of electroconductive particles such as carbon black in the flat 11-249299 communique, form disclosed papers such as wiring pattern with exposure and video picture the spy.Openly make the pyrrole monomer photochemical polymerization in addition in " Chemistry Letters, PP.469-472,1986 ", make band electric conductivity, form polypyrrole, it is employed also to disclose the patterning case as electrode material.

Below the characteristic that differs sheet 31 and polaroid 32 that forms on the relevant subtend substrate 52 is done a narration.

These some differ sheet 31 and polaroid 32 on liquid crystal display cells 20, in order to constitute reflection-type liquid-crystal display device, remove specific liquid crystal mode except specific liquid crystal mode, in this case, differ normally 1/4 wavelength of sheet 31, in this example, for the negative electrode 61 of organic EL 60, in order to improve reflecting effect, can use aluminium metals such as (Al), therefore, during organic EL 60 non-luminous, carry out the light reflection with negative electrode 61, contrast can descend.Therefore, usually in order to prevent reflection, display surface one side of organic EL 60 must polaroid 32 and 1/4 wavelength differ sheet 31, this point, in this example, in reflection type liquid crystal display element 20, because the polaroid 32 of the same structure that is prepared in advance and differ sheet 31, can reset and can be shared.

Below, the driving circuit of the display device 50 that possesses described structure is done an explanation on the basis of Fig. 9.In this driving circuit, should drive as each display pixel that forms rectangular viewing area the control bus 3 as signal wire and scan signal line of the driving of shared relevant liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 60 effectively ..., as the source bus line 2a of signal wire and data signal line ...But may not be limited to like this among the present invention, also go for simple matrix, in addition, see also example 7 about driving the loop details.

As shown in the drawing, in the circuit structure of a pixel in display device 50, liquid crystal links to each other with control utmost point bus 3 with the control utmost point electrode of TFT element 22, and source bus line 2a and liquid crystal continue with the source electrode of TFT element 22.In addition, liquid crystal is connected with the control utmost point electrode of TFT element 42 with liquid crystal display cells 20, the auxiliary capacity 35 of liquid crystal, EL with the drain electrode 22a of TFT element 22.Again, EL is connected with the negative electrode 61 of organic EL 60 with the drain electrode of TFT element 42.Again, in above-mentioned structure, organic EL 60 is arranged on the drain side of EL with TFT element 42, but may not only limit to this, for example, as shown in Figure 10, also can be located at the source side of EL with TFT element 42.

The driving circuit of the display device 50 of this spline structure, with being input to control utmost point bus 3 ... scanning-line signal Vg control liquid crystal with TFT element 22 on/off, with source bus line 2a ... data line signal Vs input liquid crystal display cells 20, the bright state of the lamp of liquid crystal display cells 20 is guaranteed by the auxiliary capacity 35 of liquid crystal.Again, in this example, EL sets highlyer than the actuating range voltage of liquid crystal display cells 20 with the EL of TFT element 42 with threshold voltage vt h (OLED), promptly, source bus line 2a ... the voltage of data line signal Vs in case surpass the drive voltage range of liquid crystal display cells 20, liquid crystal display cells 20 is saturated, on the other hand, EL is in conducting state with TFT element 42, organic EL luminous.

On the other hand, liquid crystal display cells 20 is a black when being set in just often white mode, state of saturation, therefore, and during the luminous voltage range of organic EL 60, liquid crystal display cells 20 becomes the black matrix" of organic EL 60 owing to liquid crystal display cells 20, and contrast can step-down.

Again, the scope of light consumption liquid crystal display cells 20 actions, luminous zone 12a is not luminous, becomes black state owing to be located at the polaroid 32 of display panel and differ sheet 31.Therefore the contrast of the liquid crystal display cells 20 of organic EL 60 can step-down.

Specifically, as shown in figure 11, with the EL of TFT element 42 during with threshold voltage vt h (OLED), organic EL 60 is not luminous less than EL for data line signal Vs, and liquid crystal display cells 20 reacts, from bright be shown to show slinkingly show the demonstration of promptly deceiving.

Again, data line signal Vs than EL with the EL of TFT element 42 with threshold voltage vt h (OLED) when big, liquid crystal display cells 20 shows slinkingly and shows, according to data line signal Vs, EL changes with the leakage current in TFT first year 42.Regulate the luminous quantity of organic EL 60, making light emitting-type shows, moreover, the adjusting of the luminous quantity of organic EL 60 also can be by carrying out the adjusting of supply voltage Vdd, in addition, and the display device 50 of this example, its driving method is unqualified, also can use other driving methods, its driving circuit of the driving method shown in Figure 11 is shared, and is therefore best.

On the one hand, as the driving method different with described driving method, demonstration described organic EL 60 and liquid crystal display cells 20 both sides can not be accomplished under the incorporate situation, driving circuit preferably is arranged to the mode of drive separately, like this, liquid crystal indicator 20 is set at just often black, liquid crystal display cells 20 and is in and is black under the cut-off state, this is because liquid crystal display cells 20 when not working, utilizes liquid crystal display cells 20 can not consume electric power and also helps to improve the contrast of display degree meaninglessly.

Moreover, for the liquid crystal indicator that permeation type liquid crystal display element and reflection type liquid crystal display element are combined in the past, must there be infiltration type to show with light source and used power supply thereof, and in the display device 50 of this example, be that liquid crystal display cells 20 aggregate erections with organic EL 60 and reflection-type are in same screen board, if, allow drive division have power supply in advance, then can carry out the adjusting of brightness.

Therefore, the display device 50 of this example, the power supply that does not need light source to use can be accomplished to reduce cost, and reduces parts, miniaturization.Again, for making the signal routing sharing, then utilize voltage on the signal routing to switch the element of luminous demonstration and during the non-illuminated display element that utilizes that outer light shows, as described shown in Fig. 2, self-illuminating brightness drops to 0 situation on certain 1 W suitable.

Like this, for the display device 50 of this example, at each display pixel 10 ... in be provided with in the lump echo area 11 that non-illuminated display element that liquid crystal display cells 20 reflection ambient lights show forms and organic EL 60 directly modulation carry out the luminous zone 12a that luminous illuminated display element forms.

Therefore, liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 60 are housed in the lump between a pair of insulativity substrate 21 and 29, so display device amount thickness can attenuate.

Therefore, organic EL 60 is towards display surface one side, and self luminous direct demonstration is not such in the past, and lamp and front lamp use as a setting with organic EL 60.Thereby, not only can improve utilization ratio thus from the light of organic EL 60, but and also attenuate of the thickness of display device.That is to say, the thickness of background light and front lamp is normally about 3～6mm, as without background light, then very beneficial for reduced thickness, in addition, mean without background light, do not need in the past the back side that is arranged on liquid crystal display and the polaroid of the rear side between the background light, differ sheet and glass substrate etc.So, the thickness of display device can be thinner.

Furthermore, the advantage that does not need the polaroid of background light, rear side and differ sheet is, be not only the attenuation of display device integral thickness, reducing on the number of components, not only reduced the required cost of the artificial and various parts inspections of fee of material but also assembling and also can both cut down, thereby the whole manufacturing cost of display device can descend.

Therefore, when realizing miniaturization, reducing cost, can also provide from the field to the superior display device 50 of indoor visual identity.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, insulativity substrate 21 and insulativity substrate 29 with mutual subtend, any all is arranged on the centre of insulativity substrate 21 and insulativity substrate 21 liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 60, therefore, liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 60 all are housed in the centre of insulativity substrate 21 and insulativity base 21, so the thickness of display device 50 can reduce really.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, in the 12a of its luminous zone, the liquid crystal layer 26 of liquid crystal display cells 20 does not exist, promptly, there is not the liquid crystal layer 26 of liquid crystal display cells 20 in display surface one side of the luminescent layer 63 of organic EL 60, promptly can not pass through liquid crystal layer 26 from organic EL 60 to the light of display surface direction outgoing, means beyond the directive display device 50.Moreover, suppose not have liquid crystal layer 26 in display surface one side of luminescent layer 63, beyond this example, for example shown in the example 3, the end face of the display surface side of liquid crystal layer 26 be present in than the display surface side of luminescent layer 63 more by the display surface side, but because the existence of insulativity lug boss 81 insulation courses such as grade, the display surface side of luminescent layer 63, promptly, sometimes the liquid crystal layer 26 of luminous zone 12a is excluded, as the structure beyond this, can consider the type that luminescent layer 63 exists on the display surface side of liquid crystal display 20 again.

As a result, therefore the emergent light of organic EL 60 is difficult to make brightness to descend owing to not by liquid crystal layer 26 scatterings or the absorption of liquid crystal display cells 20, and the display quality of organic EL 60 is improved.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, the liquid crystal layer 26 of liquid crystal display cells 20 is set at same aspect with the luminescent layer 63 of organic EL 60, and it is so-called with layer, may not be meant same plane, comprise that the luminescent layer 63 of organic EL 60 is comprised in the state of the liquid crystal layer 26 of liquid crystal display cells 20.

Therefore, in the thickness range of the non-illuminated display element that in the past liquid crystal display cells 20 forms, can accommodate organic EL 60.Its result is the thickness of attenuate display device 50 positively.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, the driving element of the liquid crystal usefulness TFT element 22 of driving organic EL 60 and liquid crystal display cells 20 and EL usefulness TFT element etc., be formed on a side TFT substrate 51 sides, on the other hand, form organic EL 60 in subtend substrate 52 sides with the subtend of this TFT substrate 51.

Thus, when making display device 50, can form organic EL 60, liquid crystal TFT element 22 and EL driving elements such as TFT element 42 in addition, therefore, when forming organic EL, the influence of the process temperature in the time of can not being subjected to liquid crystal and forming with the driving element of TFT element 42 etc., medicine, gas etc. with TFT element 22 and EL.

Again, subtend substrate 52 sides of the emergent light directive subtend of organic EL 60, so can not be driven the EL of organic EL 60 blocks with TFT element 42, can effectively utilize light, and can be that transparency conducting layer begins to form luminescent layer 63 from anode 65, take this, can be to form luminescent layer 63 with spline structure with preceding.

, when organic EL 60 being arranged on liquid crystal layer 26 with liquid crystal display cells 20 with one deck, the formation that is not limited to organic EL 60 highly will with the consistency of thickness of the liquid crystal layer 26 of liquid crystal display cells 20.

About this point, conductive contact layer 66 is set on TFT substrate 51 in this example, be used for adjusting height, on this conductive contact layer 66, form organic EL 60.

Thereby, can be positively organic EL 60 be arranged on liquid crystal display cells 20 liquid crystal layers 26 with on one deck.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, conductive contact layer is made with electroconductive resin, and therefore, people TFT substrate begins to form the conductive contact layer 66 that electroconductive resin forms, thereby, can be easily in the adjustment of the enterprising line height of TFT substrate 51 sides.

In the display device 50 of this example, be laid with on the composition surface of the negative electrode 61 of organic EL 60 and TET substrate 51 sides that conduction is stuck with paste or the conductive material of electroconductive resin etc. again.

That is, conduction is stuck with paste or electroconductive resin, even sclerosis usually still has soft elasticity, therefore, the negative electrode 61 that can make organic element 60 and TFT substrate 51 sides are electrical engagement reliably.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, organic EL 60, liquid crystal display cells 20 common-source bus 2a ... and control utmost point bus 3 ... and drive.

Therefore, become very complicated, the display device 50 that positively reduces display device thickness and component costs can be provided for the driving circuit that prevents organic EL 60 and liquid crystal display cells 20 constitutes.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, organic EL 60 and liquid crystal display cells 20 are also made driving independently of one another, for organic EL 60 and liquid crystal display cells 20 can be realized independent driving, a kind of structure as such driving usefulness, be exemplified below, the situation that organic EL 60 and liquid crystal display cells 20 is had separately source bus line 2a and control utmost point bus 3 is arranged, or source bus line 2 is provided with respectively and the situation that control bus 3 is shared.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, is TFT substrate 51 on to form with TFT element 22 at a side substrate with the EL that drives organic EL 60 and liquid crystal display cells 20, therefore can make the manufacturing of display device 50 more easy and avoid formation complexity with TFT element 42 and liquid crystal with TFT element 22 by forming EL on the TFT substrate 51.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, optical modulation element is the liquid crystal display cells 20 of reflection-type, and light-emitting component is an organic EL 60, therefore, is arranged in the lump in each display pixel 10 by liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL with reflection-type.

As a result, really can miniaturization and reduce cost, also provide open-air and indoor simultaneously and all be suitable for the display device 50 that visual identity is superior.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, the counter electrode 27 of liquid crystal display cells 20 is to form with commaterial and on one deck with the anode 65 of organic EL 60, therefore, makes manufacturing process shared, and manufacture process is simple.

Again, in the manufacture method of the display device 50 of this example, on a side substrate, be on the TFT, form liquid crystal TFT element 22 and EL TFT element 42, be on the subtend substrate 52 on the opposing party's the substrate, after forming organic EL 60, by these TFT substrates 51 and subtend substrate 52 are closed up the formation one mutually.

When making display device 50, organic EL 60, liquid crystal also can form with TFT element 42 separately with TFT element 22 and EL, therefore, when forming organic EL 60, the influence of the process temperature in the time of not formed by liquid crystal TFT element 22 and EL, medicine, gas etc. with TFT element 42.

As a result, can provide a kind of not only can realize miniaturization and reduce cost and from the field to the manufacture method of the good display device of indoor visual identity.

In the manufacture method of the display device 50 of this example, can form any one in organic EL 60 and the core 77,77 earlier again.Therefore, can make that can easily form organic EL 60 preferentially carries out with the operation of core 77,77.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, on the composition surface of the negative electrode 61 of organic EL 60 and TFT substrate 51 sides, be provided with that conduction is stuck with paste or electroconductive resin after bright TFT substrate 51 fit with subtend substrate 52.

For this reason, make that the composition surface with the negative electrode 61 of organic EL 60 and TFT substrate 51 is resin and resin or resin and resin paste, utilize each other and the elastic force of resin paste, make to engage performance and improve by resin.

Example 2

Referring to Figure 12～Figure 15, based on this,, be described as follows other examples of the present invention, for ease of explanation, all parts of in the diagrammatic sketch of described example 1, represent or parts with same function, tax meets and saves explanation with same.

In this example, describe for situation with polymer electrolyte EL made organic EL.

The organic EL 70 of this example, as shown in figure 12, luminescent layer 73 usefulness polymer electrolyte EL materials, directly joining up and down of this luminescent layer 73 with negative electrode 61 and anode 65, promptly, this example organic EL 70 has omitted hole transporting layer 64 and the electron supplying layer 62 that exists in the organic EL 60 in the described example 1, but this example also can be provided with these hole transporting layers 64 and electron supplying layer 62.

In addition, in this example the both sides of luminescent layer 73 form for insulate mutually with liquid crystal layer 26, as the core 77,77 of protective seam.Again, when forming luminescent layer 73, at first form core 77,77, the EL injection of material is coated with or is printed on their inside and formation luminescent layer 73.

Described core 77,77 can adopt making such as resist, polyimide.Again, core 77,77 is the material of light-proofness preferably, and this is can enter liquid crystal layer 26 and form dazzle because of its light leak to transverse direction of light from diffusion layer 73 outgoing, causes contrast low.

The manufacture method of described organic EL 70 is described as follows.

At first, shown in Figure 13 (a), at the counter electrode 27 and the anode 65 sides formation core 77,77 of subtend substrate 52.This be adopt resist or polyimide and with photic etching, spray coating process and form.

Then, shown in Figure 13 (b), for example formed the diffusion layer 73 of polymer electrolyte EL material, can use polyphenylene ethylene, polyfluoro synthetic fibre, many thiophenes powder, polyvinylcarbazole etc. as polymer electrolyte EL material with the ink-jet application mode in this part.

At last, shown in Figure 13 (C), for example also conductive polymer material can be coated on and form negative electrode above this, also can (not shown) use metal materials such as aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg), aluminium-magnesium (Al-Mg) alloy, be coated with macromolecular material after forming metal paste, as negative electrode 61.

On the other hand, TFT substrate 51 sides having formed on liquid crystal TFT element 22, the TFT base stage 51 of EL with TFT element 42 and pixel electrode 25, are coated with the conductive photoreceptor resin as shown in figure 14 in the ink-jet application mode, form conductive contact layer 66.Then, shown in Figure 15 (a) and Figure 15 (b), form conductive contact layer 66.Then, shown in Figure 15 (a) and Figure 15 (b), form the subtend substrate 52 of organic EL 70, aim at mutually with TFT substrate 51, the same with described example, fit, fix, inject at last liquid crystal, encapsulation.

After this, inject liquid crystal and encapsulating.At this moment, core 77,77 directions at sweep trace of formation under situation about forming on the entire display screen width, can be carried out vacuum along sweep trace and inject from the end face of display screen.

Again, the drive actions of other structures and this organic EL 70, display packing etc. are identical with example 1, and omit explanation.

In this wise, the EL element 70 of this example is at least by luminescent layer 73, constituted with the negative electrode 61 and the anode 65 that are formed on these luminescent layer 73 both sides.

Therefore, for example, when forming the luminescent layer of making by polymer electrolyte EL material 73, can form organic EL 70 by the Min. inscape.

Yet, in the described display device 50, organic EL 70 is provided with layer because of the liquid crystal layer 26 with liquid crystal display cells 20, may influence each other between the liquid crystal layer 26 of liquid crystal display cells 20 and the organic EL 60, for example, the cause of organic EL 70, the liquid crystal layer and the organic EL 70 of the liquid crystal of liquid crystal display cells 20 etc. come in contact, the performance that will cause both sides descends material degradation.In addition, organic EL 70 sometimes also can be because of the deterioration that contacts with moisture with air.

Yet in this example, the luminescent layer 73 of organic EL 70 is to be connected by core 77,77 with the liquid crystal layer 26 of liquid crystal display cells 20.

Therefore, can prevent that the luminescent layer 73 of organic EL 70 and the liquid crystal layer 26 of liquid crystal display cells 20 from influencing each other.Promptly; the liquid crystal layer 26 of organic EL 70 with liquid crystal display cells 20 is arranged on after one deck; both sides' performance can descend; but can prevent material degradation; in addition in the manufacture process of display device; when for example on subtend substrate 52 sides, forming organic EL 70,, prevent that luminescent layer 73 from contacting and deterioration with moisture with air because luminescent layer 73 is subjected to the protection of core 77,77 and negative electrode 61.

But, also consider from organic EL 70 and send the situation of light leakage to the liquid crystal display cells 20 of adjacency.

In this, in the display device 50 of this example,, can prevent that organic EL 70 issued lights from leaking the liquid crystal layer 26 to liquid crystal display cells 20 because core 77,77 has shade function.

[example 3]

Other invention forms of the present invention, referring to Figure 16～Figure 19 and be illustrated as down, for ease of illustrate all in above-mentioned example 1 and example 2 element that illustrated or that have identical function compose with same symbol, it illustrates omission.

The display device 50 of this example, for shown in Figure 16, subtend machine plate 52 1 sides are provided with hard, transparent insulation protuberance 81, in addition organic EL 70 are arranged on the side of TFT substrate 51.Above-mentioned insulativity protuberance 81 is to use as the pillar that the THICKNESS CONTROL of liquid crystal layer 26 is used.

Promptly, the thickness of liquid crystal layer 26 is set at 3～5 μ m usually mostly, on the other hand, the thickness of organic EL 70 is about 0.1～0.5 μ m, in Fig. 1～Figure 12 shown in above-mentioned example 1 and the example 2, for organic EL 50 and organic EL 70, its thickness difference is that conductive contact layer 66 is adjusted by connecting resin.

To this, in this example, be provided with the insulativity protuberance 81 of the thickness difference of having considered liquid crystal layer 26 and organic EL 70 in advance.Though thickness difference is not expressed in Figure 16, it is present in continual-connecting-part.

To use the high permeability resin as the material that forms described insulativity protuberance 81, the sensitization isolated material that for example can use JSR Corp. to make, goods title OPUTOMA-NN series, hardness height after this high permeability resin forms than described conductive contact layer 66 and the used connection resin of connecting portion, utilize this character by setting height, can expect to make the spacing of subtend substrate 52 and TFT substrate 51 to keep certain effect.

In the past, the thickness of liquid crystal layer 26 is to rely on the spacer beads that intersperses among in this liquid crystal layer 26 to control, and can cause contrast to descend and scattering because of the pixel display surface at liquid crystal layer 26, causes that the image quality quantitative change is poor, in addition, the method that relies on spacer beads still can not the thickness of control fully.

But the THICKNESS CONTROL of utilizing above-mentioned insulation protuberance 81 to carry out in this example when the thickness control accuracy of liquid crystal layer 26 improves, also can expect to improve the intensity of display screen.

In this example, insulate and protruding 81 not only use for above-mentioned THICKNESS CONTROL again,, be not limited to this, with the light-operated equipment of this insulation protuberance 81 as organic EL 70, that is, the optical element that can control the light that organic EL 70 sends uses, for this purpose, for example, as shown in figure 17, can be the insulation protuberance of forming by zigzag protuberance 82a, 82b 82, zigzag protuberance 82a, 82b is for to make two-layer jagged protuberance with a plurality of transparent resins of different refractivity.Utilize such structure, can make the light belt of organic EL 70 emissions that directivity is arranged, again, change zigzag fashion and can make the directional property respective change, so just may obtain the angle of visibility characteristic same with liquid crystal indicator.

Therefore, during from the organic EL 70 of this example of display surface, as shown in figure 18, be equivalent to a display pixel 10 by the scope of length and width decision ..., and be divided into each echo area 11 and luminous zone 12a.Shown in this figure,, connect pixel electrode 25 and liquid crystal TFT element 22 or the EL through hole 25a of TFT element 42 for each echo area 11 and luminous zone 12a again.

Again, described display pixel 10 ... last echo area 11 and luminous zone 12a, cut apart the configuration and must only limit to this, for example shown in Figure 19, the luminous zone 12a that forms as organic EL element 70 is enclosed in the echo area 11 that is formed by liquid crystal display cells 20, among echo area 11 and the launch site 12a either party can be surrounded by the opposing party, the shown luminous zone 12a that is formed by organic EL 70 of this figure is enclosed in liquid crystal display cells 20 and forms shape among the echo area 11, when organic EL 70 is luminous, suppose that the echo area with the liquid crystal display cells 20 that encloses all is black, then adjacent display element is done the black matrix" effect, therefore the shape with described Figure 18 compares, and is effective to improving contrast.

Again, the shape as shown in Figure 19 (b), display pixel is applied full, and the luminous zone 12a of organic EL 80 is enclosed in by expecting to obtain same effect in the echo area of liquid crystal display cells 20.

Can decide according to the display device purposes about the area of luminous zone 12a and echo area 11 again.

Again, in this example, organic EL 70 about the luminescent layer 73 be made up of polymer electrolyte EL material has been described, but is not limited to this, and the organic EL 60 of the luminescent layer of forming for low molecule-type EL material 63 also may be suitable for this example equally.

Again, identical to example 2 about other formation with described example 1, so no longer explanation.

So, in the display device 50 of this example, on the subtend substrate, form to adjust the insulation protuberance 81 or the insulation protuberance 82 of height usefulness, simultaneously, this insulation protuberance 81 or the formation organic EL 70 on 82 that insulate.

Therefore, the liquid crystal layer 26 of organic EL 70 and liquid crystal display cells 20 is provided with under the situation with one deck, even the height of organic EL 70 is not consistent with the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 26 of liquid crystal display cells 20, also can be reliably the liquid crystal layer 26 of organic EL 70 and liquid crystal display cells 20 be arranged on same one deck.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, insulation protuberance 82 is formed by the hardness insulation course, therefore, forms insulation protuberance 81 or the insulation protuberance 82 that is formed by insulation course by the side at subtend substrate 52, can be easily from the side adjustment height of subtend substrate 52, in addition, insulation protuberance 82 is to form with the rigid insulation layer, therefore, can make the interval of the liquid crystal layer 26 of liquid crystal display cells 20 keep certain, and play the effect of isolation.

Again, in this example, make the insulation protuberance 82 that the rigid insulation layer forms two-layer, and its interface is formed zigzag is zigzag protuberance 82a, 82b, can make the light of organic EL 60 outgoing have directivity by such method, can make insulation protuberance 82 bring into play its function like this as the light-operated parts of organic EL 60.

Again, in the pixel segmentation formula display device 50 of this example, can at random set the ratio of antiphase region 11 and luminous zone 12a, example for be used in mobile phone carry or the occasion of information portable terminal mobile communication equipments such as (PDA) under, the echo area promptly makes reflection consular district 11 shared ratios increase usually, general in the elemental area of display pixel 10 80% when being the occasion of echo area, luminous zone 12a is 20%, therefore, the light-emitting area maximum of organic EL 60 also is 1/5th of an elemental area.

Therefore, no matter a kind of small-sized, cheap and open-air or the indoor display device that all has superior visual identity can be provided.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, liquid crystal display cells is when bright show state, organic EL 70 can be selected non-luminous state, and this is because bright ring border when using, and organic EL 70 is in not luminance, owing to only allow liquid crystal display cells 20 show, like this, can prevent organic EL 70 deteriorations, prolong its life-span, save electric power simultaneously and consume clearly.

Again, in the display device 50 of this example, liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 70 are arranged position adjacent, and therefore, any one party of liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 70 other side when bright show state then is in to show slinkingly and shows in the state.So, always there is a side to become black matrix", on showing, just can not reduce contrast.

Example 4

Other examples of the present invention are that the basis describes with Figure 20.Again, for ease of explanation, at described example, parts that occurred or that have same function are annotated and are gone up same-sign to the accompanying drawing of example 3, no longer explanation, because of the time the various features narrated to the example 3 at example 1, be suitable for too in this example.

Will be in this example to utilizing the light sensors external light, the situation of regulating organic EL 60 or organic EL 70 brightness according to its testing result describes.

Promptly, for shown in Figure 20, be provided with control circuit 91 and metering circuit 92 in the display device 50 as display control means, this control circuit 91 sends signal by power supply unit 90 to Source drive 6, simultaneously after receiving the signal of image demonstration, send signal to gate driver 7, in this example, by measuring circuit 23, be connected on the control circuit 91 as the optical sensor 93 of outer light detection means.

Then, control circuit 91 carries out the control of optical sensor 93 and the control of outer light measurement, and optical sensor 93 can be made of for example photistor element etc.

Again, in this example, when using organic EL 60 and organic EL 70 as light-emitting component, also use the liquid crystal display cells 20 as optical modulation element, described power supply unit 90 is assumed to be the driving of comparing the organic EL 60 that more needs driving force or organic EL 80 with liquid crystal drive with continuous current or constant voltage electric current.Therefore, when doing liquid crystal display, without power supply unit 90.

Below, do an explanation to control the controller of measuring with exterior light according to described optical sensor 93.

At first, under dark situation, control circuit 91 is the situation of dark situation according to the signal identification from optical sensor 93 on every side, and generation drives data-signal and the gate-control signal of organic EL 60 and organic EL70, like this, the grey level of organic EL 60 or organic EL 70 is presented under the occasion that electric current portion 90 1 sides carry out, and from control circuit 91 signal is sent to power supply unit 90.

Another interarea, during the bright ring border, the signal of sending according to the light device produces the data circuit 2 main numbers and the gate line signal that drive reflection type liquid crystal display element 20, at this moment is preceding described, because of and power supply unit 90 it doesn't matter, directly control the signal of power supply from control circuit 91.

In the time will using machine EL element 60 or organic EL 70 to show simultaneously with the liquid crystal display cells both sides, send each demonstration from circuit 91 and use source signal, by this, each shows can carry out the brightness adjustment, can be according to the most clear show state of environmental selection on every side.

Like this, not only by means of utilizing 93 pairs of outside light measurements of light activated element, can not only automatically allow organic EL 60 or organic EL 70 luminous or allow liquid crystal display cells 20 reflect alternately switching of demonstration and can select to be suitable for most ambient condition.

The above, display device 50 is told in this enforcement, by control circuit 91, is not being had by photaesthesia on the basis that part carries out the exterior light measurement result, can select to show the both sides of organic EL 60 or organic EL 70 and liquid crystal display cells 20 or any one party wherein.

Therefore, can select the demonstration of organic EL 60, organic EL 70 or liquid crystal display cells 20 automatically according to bright dark degree on every side, to guarantee best show state.

Example 5

Other example of the present invention is that base description is down with Figure 21～Figure 26.

For ease of explanation, all parts of appearing in the accompanying drawing of aforesaid enforcement 1～example 4 or the parts with identical function all are marked with identical symbol, and omit explanation.Again, in the various features that aforementioned example 1～example 4 had been narrated, suitable equally in this example.

This enforcement is told display device 1 as shown in figure 21, utilize many source bus line 2a that are provided with in the vertical as data signal line ..., many gate buses 3 being provided with of transverse direction as scan signal line ..., make each display pixel 10 as the viewing area ... form rectangular.

In this example, it is echo area 11 that described display pixel 10 is divided into by having reflexive the 1st viewing area, have the 2nd viewing area of permeability promptly through district 12.As shown in figure 22, described echo area 11 shows that by the reflective liquid crystal that constitutes as optical modulation element the pixel electrode 25 that the aluminium metals such as (Al) of no part 20 is formed forms, and thus, exterior light 4 is by these pixel electroplax 25 reflections.

On the other hand, as shown in the drawing, at the central part of pixel electrode 25 a shape peristome 25 is arranged, this peristome has formed the above-mentioned district 12 that sees through.Below the peristome 25a of pixel electrode 25, promptly be provided with organic EL 40 by transparent insulating layer 24 as light-emitting component at the rear of pixel electrode 25, this organic EL 40 relies on the display light 5 that self sends directly to show, promptly, this example is not like that organic EL to be used as background light or preceding irradiation to use in the past yet, organic EL 40 can directly show, thereby the display device 1 of this example can be described as the display device that the organic EL display of reflective liquid crystal display device that liquid crystal display cells 20 is constituted and organic EL 40 formations is made of one.

Here, described organic EL 40 may with the area that sees through district 12 about equally or smaller than it, promptly, organic EL 40 needn't form in the district 12 and can draw brightness according to face and form required area whole see through, therefore, the area of organic EL 40 is made than little through district 12, and the electric power that organic EL element 40 is consumed reduces.Again, if organic EL 40 that do with see through district's 12 basic identical wounds mean organic EL 40 than the area that sees through district 12 big slightly also can be, organic EL 40 is than the only big slightly a period of time of area that sees through district 12, the illumination efficiency of organic EL 40 is harmless, in addition, even organic EL 40 is bigger slightly than the area that sees through district 12, and the effect of pixel electrode 25 performance black matrix"s is not so can cause problem.

Above-mentioned display device 1 is provided with liquid crystal with TFT element 22 on the insulated substrate 21 as first substrate of glass substrate etc. shown in figure one.This liquid crystal with TFT element 22 as shown in figure 21, it and described gate bus 3 ... and source plate bus 2a ... connect, and be as wanting plate 22 voltage to be put on the on-off element performance function of pixel electrode 25 by drain electrode.

On the other hand, the drain electrode 22a of described liquid crystal display cells 20 is as shown in the drawing, with be used for EL that driving machine has an EL element 40 control electrode 42a and be connected with TFT element 42, again, be connected with supply lines 2b on the source side of this EL with TFT element 42, when EL uses 42 conductings of TFT element, because supply voltage Vdd is arranged, make supply lines 2b by the drain electrode 42a of EL with TFT element 42, on the organic EL layer 41 of organic EL 40 drive current flow through and organic EL layer 41 luminous, again, organic EL layer 41 is on the organic EL 60 of the luminescent layer 63 with described low molecule-type EL material, by electron supplying layer 62, luminescent layer 63, hole transporting layer 64 constitutes, in addition, luminescent layer 73 for having described polymer electrolyte EL material only is made of luminescent layer 73.

Here according to Figure 21 and Figure 22 the manufacture method of the structure of described display device 1 further is described in more detail,

At first, as shown in figure 21, form liquid crystal TFT element 22 on insulated substrates such as glass substrate 21, at this moment, EL also forms at the same time with TFT element 42.Then, be that formation 2 μ m are thick with photosensitive acrylic resin with planar film 23 examples, after this, the reflectivity anode 43 usefulness sputtering methods that constitute organic EL 40 are formed the thick chromium of 2000 (Cr) layer, form the silicon dioxide (SiO of 2000 then with sputtering method ₂) layer, form the insulation course 44 of predetermined pattern then through etching.Then, forming luminescent layer with vapour deposition method is organic EL layer 41, organic EL layer 41 is with the mask evaporation method luminescent material correspondences such as red, green, blue various remarked pixels 10 ... and form, then in order to make electronics effectively inject organic EL layer 41, with vapour deposition method with not shown alloys such as magnesium, silver, form 100 thickness coatings and, with sputtering method the oxide (IZO) of indium one zinc formed the thick layer of 2000 again as negative electrode 45 with transparency, again with sputtering method with tantalum pentoxide (Ta ₂O ₅) form the thick transparent insulating layer 24 of 7000 , will drive then formation liquid crystal display cells 20 liquid crystal layer 26 usefulness, have reflexive liquid crystal layer 26 and form with aluminium.

On the other hand, on the insulated substrates 29 as the 2nd transparent substrate such as other glass substrates, form the counter electrode 27 of colour filter, indium one tin-oxide (ITO) composition in turn.

Then, liquid crystal molecule is faced toward insulated substrate 29, process roast formation again after (not shown) alignment films that vertical orientated character is arranged (trade name [the Japanese one-tenth entirely of JALS204 rubber society system]) is coated with method of spin coating.

Then, by forming the not shown mask of peristome, only make the part part exposure in addition that forms organic EL 40, forming board with UV-irradiation insulated substrate 31 sides, on the other hand, even forming board to insulated substrate 29 sides, under the occasion of fitting with insulated substrate 21, with also to use UV-irradiation in the district beyond the part of organic EL 40 subtends, these two pieces of shaping substrates are rubbed, and not shown alignment films are imposed an orientation process, after the sealing resin applying, dielectric anisotropy is timing, with liquid crystal material (the メ Le Network corporate system) injection of Δ n0.06, makes liquid crystal display cells 20.Then, phasic difference plate 31 and polaroid 32 are attached on the surface of insulated substrate 29 successively, finish the manufacturing of display device 1 thus.Have again, differ the phase differential of sheet 31,, adopt the phase differential of λ/4 light of λ=550nm.

Placing exterior light 4 not apply under the state of voltage in the display device that will so make observes, show for black on the upper position of organic EL 40, do not form on the upper position of organic EL 40 and show for black, the part that does not form organic EL 40 is white demonstration, this is the part of crossing owing to through UV-irradiation, the functional group who finds the vertical orientated property of alignment films is cut off, and liquid crystal molecule is parallel-oriented to insulated substrate 21 and insulated substrate 29.

To this result, the display mode of liquid crystal strange 26 is display white when not applying voltage, and after voltage applied, reflectivity slowly reduced, and is rendered as and deceives the normal white mode that shows.

Then, the driving circuit with display device 1 usefulness that drives described structure is that example is illustrated as down.

As shown in figure 23, in the display device 1, be used in turn that the source electrode driver 6 of transmit data line signal is connected on the source bus 2a, select display pixel 10 ... gate driver 7, be connected in gate bus 3 ...Again, display pixel 10 interior display circuits are that liquid crystal display cells 20 and light-emitting component are that organic EL 40 constitutes by optical modulation element.

These liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40 are arranged in rectangular in the viewing area of display device 1 separately, and the counter electrode 27 of liquid crystal display cells 20, EL commonly are connected in each liquid crystal respectively with the negative electrode 45 of the supply lines 26 of TFT element 42 and organic EL 40 and show element 20 and organic EL 40.Promptly, this drives in the electric energy, be used for and form each display pixel 10 of array-like as the viewing area ... carry out the driving of the liquid crystal display cells 20 and the organic EL 40 of active driving, signal wire and scan signal line are gate bus 3 ... and signal wire and data signal line are source bus line 2a ... etc. shared.But the present invention may not only limit to this, also can be applicable to simple matrix.

The result when driving this display device 1, also can adopt Fig. 9, Figure 10 of described example 1 and the driving method among Figure 11.Again, the detailed description of its driving method is with aforementioned identical, so omit here.

About described display action, describe in detail according to Figure 24～Figure 26.Moreover, among Figure 24～Figure 26, put down in writing the state that liquid crystal layer 26 under the highest condition of reflectivity is not refracted as λ/4 time during making alive more.

At first, externally light 4 irradiations are used under the occasion of display device 1 down, when no-voltage applies on data line signal Vs or liquid crystal with the drain voltage Vd of TFT part 22 less than liquid crystal during with threshold voltage vt h (LC), with shown in Figure 24, exterior light 4 becomes circularly polarized light and injects to liquid crystal layer 26 after seeing through polaroid 32 and differing sheet 31.Then, because liquid crystal layer 26 has λ/4 phase differential, when arriving reflectivity pixel electrode 25, phase differential becomes λ/2, and outer light 4 reflects as linearly polarized light, after the reflection through with incident the time opposite path, become linearly polarized light, so become white demonstration after seeing through polaroid 32.At this moment, liquid crystal with the drain voltage Vd of TFT element 22 EL with the EL of TFT element 42 actions with threshold value electricity Vth (OLED) below, therefore,, be in the non-luminance organic EL 40 supplying electric current not.

Then, externally use display device 1 under the rayed, liquid crystal display cells 20 describes for the situation of deceiving demonstration when applying than liquid crystal with the big liquid crystal of threshold voltage vt h with the drain voltage Vd of TFT element 22.

Referring to Figure 25, the repeatedly refraction of liquid crystal layer 26 is roughly zero.Therefore, the moment that outer light arrives reflexive pixel electrode 25 for example is the state that remains on right circularly polarized circularly polarized light, the moment after the reflection for example becomes the circularly polarized light of the retrograde rotation of left light, therefore, the reflected light of exterior light 4 sees through and to differ sheet 41 and form with the axle that sees through of polaroid 32 and becomes 90 linearly polarized lights of spending vertical angles.So the reflected light of exterior light 4 can not see through polaroid 32, is shown as black.

Again, at this moment, liquid crystal uses the EL of TFT element 42 actions with threshold voltage vt h (OLED), so electric current is not provided and remains on non-luminance to organic EL 40 with the drain voltage Vd of TFT element 22 less than EL.

Below, when the intensity of exterior light 4 is weakened, describe for organic EL 40 luminous situations.

As shown in figure 26, making liquid crystal is more than the EL threshold voltage vt h (OLED) of EL with 42 actions of TFT element with the drain voltage Vd of TFT element 22.Like this, to organic EL 40 power supply and luminous.At this moment as shown in figure 11, drain voltage Vd is enough high, and liquid crystal layer 26 becomes black the demonstration, can not influence the luminosity of organic EL 40.

Here, in this example, the anode 43 that constitutes organic EL 40 is reflexive metals, have nothing to do in shows signal and reflection ray usually,, need circular polarizing disk is attached to observer's one example when OLED display being contained in mobile phone etc. when using on the more product of chance in the open air, in this example, as shown in figure 26, liquid crystal layer 26 shows necessary polaroid 32, have λ/4 wavelength phase differential differ sheet 31, have such exterior light 4 reflexed to almost nil function.Again, exist liquid crystal layer 26 at organic EL 40 and 32 of polaroids, 26 electrodes that on a side of insulated substrate 29, form counter electrode 27 of the liquid crystal layer of this part, therefore, liquid crystal layer 26 and the independent from voltage ground that applies, and often be in the state that ends, to suppressing the reflection of exterior light 4, there is not harmful effect.

Again, in this example, it is comprehensive to cover organic EL to form transparent insulating layer 24, does not therefore have the situation of the liquid crystal of liquid crystal layer 26 to organic EL 40 infiltrations, so can improve the reliability of organic EL 40.

So, in the display device of the invention process form, in each display pixel 10, be provided with in the lump the echo area 11 that forms by liquid crystal display cells 20 reflection exterior light and the non-illuminated display element that shows and by organic EL 40 directly the illuminated display element that shows of modulation forms through distinguishing 12.

Therefore, the same with the display device of representing in described example 1～example 4 50, can improve the utilization ratio of the light of organic EL 40, simultaneously, also can reduce the thickness of display device.

Again,, can reduce number of components owing to do not need the polaroid of bias light, rear side and differ sheet, the result, the required expenses such as inspection of not single fee of material and assembling number of times and various parts also can be cut down, and make the manufacturing expense of device integral body descend.

Again, in the display device 1 of the pixel segmentation mode that this example is such, echo area 11 and the ratio that sees through district 12 can be set at any degree.Therefore, also may reduce the consumption of electric power.

Again, in this example, be provided with the insulated substrate 21 and the insulated substrate 29 of mutual subtend, organic EL 40 and liquid crystal display cells 20 all are arranged on the centre of insulated substrate 21 and insulativity substrate 29, and, in seeing through district 12, the liquid crystal layer 26 of lamination organic EL 40, liquid crystal display cells 20 successively on the insulated substrate 21.Therefore, can make the thickness attenuation of display device 1 reliably, also have, the face side superimposed layer of organic EL 40 liquid crystal layer 26, organic EL 40 is arranged on the centre of insulated substrate 21 and insulated substrate 29, thereby the display light of organic EL 40 is all through district's 12 outgoing, therefore, the utilization ratio of light is very high.

Thus, can provide a kind of miniaturization, expense is low and from the field to all good display device of indoor visual identity.

; organic EL 40 there is no need to form on the entire area that sees through district 12; as long as it is just passable according to thinking that necessary picture brightness forms necessary area; on this point; in the display device 1 of this example, organic EL 40 be roughly with the area that sees through district 12 quite or smaller area, therefore; to organic EL 40, can further reduce power consumption.

Again, in the display device 1 of this example, light-emitting component is made up of organic EL 40, therefore, can be easily liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40 be installed in the centre of a pair of insulated substrate 21 and 29.

Again, owing to use the organic EL 40 of current drive-type as light-emitting component, and the electric power of light-emitting component consumption is directly proportional with its light-emitting area, therefore, the consumption electric power of the display device 1 of this example with organic EL 40 as a setting light use the electric power that is consumed to compare, only be its 1/5th, therefore, really can reduce power consumption.

Again, the display device 1 of this example, optical modulation element is a liquid crystal display cells 20, therefore, when liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40 are formed in a pixel, can easily make light directive peristome 25a with higher illumination efficiency, thereby, can make equipment miniaturization, reduce consume, and can provide a kind of from the field to the superior display device of indoor visual identity.

Again, in the display device 1 of this example, organic EL 40 and liquid crystal display cells 20 be common-source bus 2a all ... drive with gate bus 3, therefore, can provide a kind of driving circuit structure that prevents organic EL 40 and liquid crystal display cells 20 complicated and reduce the display device 1 of thickness and material cost reliably.

, in this example, when organic EL 40 was luminous, when for example doing white the demonstration, if liquid crystal display cells 20 is done white the demonstration, the contrast of then all display pixels 10 reduced.

Therefore, this example, the liquid crystal layer 26 of liquid crystal display cells 20, the echo area is the horizontal alignment pattern, and seeing through the district then is vertical alignment mode, therefore, under the situation that liquid crystal display cells 20 powers up up and down, echo area 11 is white demonstrations, and when applying voltage on to liquid crystal display cells 20, and reflectivity is zero, the echo area shows for black.

Therefore, light emitting drive promptly through becoming black the demonstration around the district 12, therefore, is carried out by making organic EL 40 in the viewing area of organic EL 40 under this example, can prevent that just contrast is low.

Again, in the liquid crystal layer 26 of liquid crystal display cells 20, when organic EL element 40 show see through district 12 and make horizontal alignment the time, owing to there is not to form the pixel electrode 25 that is used for driving liquid crystal display cells 20, so only keep the parallel-oriented of initial stage orientation, therefore, special when waiting under the more situation of outer light 4 this display device 1 of use in the open air, keep the parallel-oriented of initial stage orientation, therefore, when waiting under the more situation of outer light 4 this display device 1 of use especially in the open air, keep seeing through of horizontal alignment and distinguish 12, because exterior light increases reflected light, that is, exterior light 4 sees through the cause that liquid crystal display cells is reflected by organic EL 40 again.

In this point, in this example, the orientation of the liquid crystal layer 26 of organic EL 40 superimposed layers is vertical orientated, and the orientation of the liquid crystal layer 26 of echo area 11 is horizontal alignments, therefore do not drive liquid crystal display cells 20, have only under the luminous occasion of organic EL 40, the reflected light of exterior light 4 is overlapping in seeing through district 12, can prevent that thus contrast is lowly and to the harmful effect of display performance.

Again, in this example, with the colour filter 28 that forms on the insulated substrate 29, be formed on all subtends on echo area 11 and part through district 12, but may not be limited to these, for example promptly with in the district of organic EL 40 subtends also can not form colour filter 28 with the part that sees through district's 12 subtends, thus, organic EL layer 41 issued lights can not absorbed by colour filter 28, and demonstration may be brighter, in addition, usually, the excitation of organic EL layer 41 is better than the excitation of colour filter 28, so such demonstration meeting is distincter.

Again,, may not only limit to these though the display device of being made up of liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL in this example is described, described organic EL 40, also replaceable is described organic EL 60,70,80.

Example 6

For an example more of the present invention, describe with reference to Figure 27～Figure 29, for ease of explanation, for the figure of described example 1～example 5 in the parts represent parts with same function, notes are with prosign, no longer explanation.

In addition, about the various characteristics of narrating in described example 1～example 5, also applicable in this example.

Illustrate earlier in this example, situation when liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40 drive simultaneously, here said driving is not to be illustrated in the state that applies voltage on the liquid crystal display cells 20 or pass to electric current on organic EL 40 simply, but, change intensity of reflected light and the luminous intensity of light-emitting component and the state that shows according to these voltages of shown information Control or electric current.

In the form of this enforcement, when making display device, as described above shown in Figure 22, make liquid crystal molecule have alignment films (after trade name JALS204 (Japanese synthetic rubber society system) forms for insulated substrate 29 vertical orientated character (not shown)s, after friction do cooperation processing, by the sealing resin that does not go out among the figure, two forming boards of the forming board of the shaping substrate of insulated substrate 29 sides and insulated substrate 21 sides are fitted mutually, (trade name MLG6608 (manufacturing of メ Le Network company) makes liquid crystal display cells 20 as the negative liquid crystal material of the dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal layer 26 in injection, then, attach successively on the surface of insulated substrate 29 and to differ sheet 31 and polaroid 32, display device 1 has just been made.Moreover, in this example, also can be the sheet that differs with the phase differential that differs sheet 31 to the light 1/4 of λ=500nm.

Again, the driving circuit in this example has used the driving circuit different with described example 5,, has adopted the drive system separate to liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40 in this example that is.

To the concrete display action of described structure display device, describe below according to Figure 27～Figure 29.

At first, as shown in figure 27, the display mode of liquid crystal layer 26 as above owing to used and the liquid crystal layer of making for the liquid crystal material of bearing with dielectric anisotropy 26 and the alignment films (not shown) of vertical orientated property, be shown as black under the not alive state and slowly apply voltage as shown in figure 28, reflectivity increases gradually and becomes the white normal black pattern that shows of doing.

Promptly, externally use the occasion of display device 1 under light 4 conditions, when making alive or drain voltage Vd be not less than shared threshold voltage Vth, as shown in figure 27, after exterior light 4 sees through polaroid 32 and differs sheet 31, become circularly polarized light to inject liquid crystal layer 26, because liquid crystal TFT element 22, be subjected to drain voltage Vd on the liquid crystal layer 26 less than shared threshold voltage Vth, because at this moment liquid crystal layer 26 repeatedly is refracted as 0, arriving the moment of reflexive pixel electrode 25, for example for keeping the circular polarization state of right-hand circularly polarized light, and for example is the circular polarization state of the opposite spin of left light in the moment with the pixel electrode reflection.Therefore, reflected light is being spent a vertical linearly polarized light through becoming after differing sheet 31 with the axle 90 that sees through of polaroid 32.Like this, the reflected light of exterior light 4 can not pass through polaroid 32, is shown as blackly, and therefore, the brightness of liquid crystal display cells 20 shown in Figure 29 (a) is roughly zero.Again, at this moment, shown in Figure 29 (b), organic EL 40 also is the cut-off state less than shared threshold voltage Vth, also not to described organic EL layer 41 supplying electric currents, so be non-luminous state.

Make the white occasion that shows to applying voltage below, make the following instructions according to Figure 28, record is the state of the light that repeatedly is refracted as λ/4 of liquid crystal layer 26 as the highest condition of reflectivity certainly among the same figure.

As shown in figure 28, apply the above drain voltage Vd of common threshold value voltage Vth on the liquid crystal layer 26, because liquid crystal layer 26 has repeatedly refraction and can not keep the circularly polarized light state, therefore, see through polaroid 32 from the reflected light of the exterior light 4 of reflexive pixel electrode 25, shown in Figure 29 (a), the brightness of liquid crystal display cells 20 is shown as white.

At this moment, as shown in figure 28, EL also is in conducting state with TFT element 42, therefore, because shown in electric current Figure 29 (b) that described electric current supplying wire 2b supplies with, organic EL 40 becomes luminance.

At this, shown in Figure 22 as described, the anode 43 that constitutes organic EL 40 is formed by reflective metal, irrelevant with shows signal, always with the light reflection, when being installed in OLED display on the many products of those outdoor use chances, though be necessary one side subsides meeting circular polarizing disk the observer, but in this example, to the required polaroid 32 of the demonstration of liquid crystal layer 26 and have λ/4 wavelength phase differential differ sheet 31, have the almost nil function of reflection that makes said external light 4.

Again, in the middle of organic EL 40 and polaroid 32, exist liquid crystal layer 26, see through on the part liquid crystal layer 26 in district 12 at it, electrode is formed on insulated substrate 29 sides as counter electrode 27, therefore, as Figure 27 and shown in Figure 28, how liquid crystal layer 26 is no matter apply voltage, cut-off state always is owing to keep vertical orientated property to have no adverse effects for suppressing external light reflection.

Again,, be described, externally under the strong situation of light intensity, or not thus, only do not show, can save power consumption with liquid crystal layer 26 to organic EL 40 each electric currents for driving liquid crystal layer 26 example simultaneously with organic EL 40 in this example.

Again, in this example, with described example 5 similarly, with transparent insulating layer 24 organic EL 40 is covered comprehensively and forms, the liquid crystal of liquid crystal layer 26 can not immerse organic EL 40, thereby has improved the reliability of organic EL 40.

In this wise, in the display device 1 of this example, organic EL 40 and liquid crystal display cells 20 are separate driving, therefore can drive organic EL 40 and liquid crystal display cells 20 independently.Again, as the structure that drives organic EL 40 and liquid crystal display cells 20 independently of each other, for example, organic EL 40 has source bus line 2a separately with liquid crystal display cells 20 ... with gate bus 3 ... perhaps have the gate bus 3 of source bus 2a is being set separately ...

Again, in the display device 1 of this example, liquid crystal display cells 20 is normal black, therefore, in liquid crystal display EL element 40 drive, do not drive liquid crystal display cells and only drive under the situation of organic EL 40, the peripheral reflection light that the viewing area of organic EL 40 promptly sees through district 12 becomes black the demonstration.

Thereby the contrast in the time of can preventing organic EL 40 light emitting drive only is low.

Again, if liquid crystal display cells 20 in this example when adopting the formation beyond normally deceiving, has and example identical 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.

Again, in this example, the display device that liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40 combine had been done explanation, but may not only limit to this, described organic EL 40 can be replaced as described organic EL 60,70,80.

Example 7

Other examples of the present invention can be described as follows by Figure 30 and Figure 31, moreover, for ease of parts of representing among the figure that all and described example 1～examples 6 are described and parts, annotate with prosign with same function, omit explanation.

In addition, the various characteristics about narrating in described example 1～example 6 also go in this example.

As previously mentioned, liquid crystal indicator and organic EL display have thin, light characteristics respectively, simultaneously in bright place reflection-type liquid-crystal display device all economize aspect the electric power comparatively favourable, on the other hand, in dark place, consider from light utilization ratio and shape, organic EL display is more effective, therefore, forming liquid crystal display cells and organic EL display element both sides shortcoming on a plate base can be complementary, can carry out best image under various varying environments.

Yet in above-mentioned display device, if form liquid crystal display cells and organic EL display element merely on a plate base, it is complicated that wiring in the substrate and driving circuit become, and yield rate during manufacturing and cost etc. become problem.

Therefore, in display device 1, structure according to Figure 23 of described example 5, the driving of relevant liquid crystal display file 20 and organic EL 40, can common signal line and scan signal line be gate bus 3 ... signal wire, data signal line are source bus line 2a ..., so just solved the problems referred to above.

In this example, as described below to the driving method of the driving circuit of this display device 1.

As shown in figure 30, for from gate bus 3 ... sweep signal Vg, selecting to make voltage increases, liquid crystal be in conducting (ON) state at that time, on the other hand with TFT element 22, when non-selection, voltage reduces by making, liquid crystal is in by (OFF) state with TFT element 22.In addition, the data line signal Vs that source bus line is come is when reflection-type shows, Vcom carries out anti-phase driving for the COM signal, according to the differential signal accommodation reflex light quantity of COM signal Vcom and show.

At this moment, from source bus line 2a ... data line signal Vs because surpass EL with the EL of TFT element 42 with threshold value Vth (OLED), electric current does not circulate in the organic EL 40, do not carry out luminous demonstration, on the other hand, from source bus line 2a ... data line signal Vs surpass EL and flow with threshold value Vth (OLED) organic EL 40 electric currents with the EL of TFT element 42, carry out luminous demonstration.

When luminous demonstration, owing to carry out luminous quantity control according to signal value to GND, so the data line signal Vs that power bus 2a comes can not carry out anti-phase driving.

Again, in this example, liquid crystal display cells 20 is positive normally white liquid crystal, thus signal COM Vcom with from the difference of the data line signal Vs of source bus line when big, show slinkingly and show that therefore exterior light is not reflected in the reflection-type display part, show and can only make light emitting-type.

Again, in this example, for the pattern that prevents liquid crystal cell keeps phenomenon, even when light-emitting component carries out luminous demonstration, the COM signal Vcom that becomes counter electrode 27 carries out AC driving to liquid crystal display cells 20, prevents pattern by this and keeps phenomenon.

Again, in this example, as voltage one current conversion means, utilized EL TFT element 42, but may not be confined to like this, promptly, as shown in figure 31, for discrete in the face that suppresses display device 1, also can use 2 above elements, the energy basis is from source bus line 2a .... data line signal carry out the threshold value control of operation voltage and luminous quantity control.

As mentioned above, in this example, energy is common-source bus 2a mutually ... and gate bus 3 ..., this source bus line 2a ... and gate bus 3 ... be used for becoming rectangular above-mentioned each display element 10 by liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40 drive arrangements ...

Again, apply drive signal on source bus line 2a by giving liquid crystal display cells 20 in the display device 1 of this example and the gate bus 3, can drive organic EL 40, therefore, utilize the source bus line 2a and the gate bus 3 that drive liquid crystal display cells 20 just can drive organic EL 40, like this, also promoted each driver sharing result of source electrode driver 6 and gate driver 7 etc., source bus line 2a ... and gate bus 3 ... do not increase source bus line 2a and gate bus 3 ... the light emitting drive of liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40 can prevent the reduction of contrast.

Again, in the display device 1 of this example, optical modulation element is to be formed by liquid crystal display cells, the result, liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40 all are formed in the display pixel 10, thus, can make display device have the two strong point, the i.e. high light utilization ratio of the low-power consumption of liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL concurrently.

Like this, be necessary to do anti-phase driving at liquid crystal liquid crystal display cells 20 aspect the characteristic of TFT element 22 corresponding to the current potential of counter electrode 27 and promptly make AC driving, on the other hand, organic EL 40 is that direct drive just can satisfy as do noninverting driving according to electric current as mentioned above.

This point, in the display device 1 of this example, be provided with pixel electrode 25 with external light reflection, and, be arranged on 10 whole of the display pixels of subtend substrate-side with the counter electrode 27 of these pixel electrode 25 subtends, again, when showing, carry out anti-phase driving with respect to the current potential of counter electrode 27, on the other hand by liquid crystal display cells 20, when showing according to organic EL 40, the current potential of negative electrode 45 is that above earth potential can noninverting driving.

Therefore, adopting under the situation of liquid crystal display cells 20 as optical modulation element, can drive liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40 really and suitably and be arranged on a side after more leaning on than pixel electrode 25 with external light reflection, and, only showing when organic EL 40 is forwards luminous voluntarily through district 12, the echo area 11 that has pixel electrode to exist, light can not see through.

Therefore, when driving organic EL 40, the pixel electrode 25 of liquid crystal display cells 20 plays a part black matrix", therefore, the contrast of organic EL 40 is kept.

Moreover, in this example, the display device that liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40 combine have been done relevant explanation, but may not only limit to this, described organic EL 40 can be replaced and be used aforesaid organic EL 60,70,80.

Again, in above-mentioned example 1～example 7, reflection type liquid crystal display element 20 uses as optical modulation element, but be not limited to this, also display element that the light volume reflection is changed such as available catoptron for example, in addition, can be for electromigration escope spare, reverse ball (Twist Ball) escope spare, use trickle prism film reflection type display device, utilize the optical modulation element of digital mirror device etc.

Again, as light-emitting component, in example 1～example 7, used organic EL 40,60,70,80, but also be not limited in this, for example, also can adopt the luminosity variable elements of inorganic EL element, LED (light emitting diode) etc., can also adopt effect luminous (FED), a plasma display system.

Again, in described example 1～example 7, insulated substrate 29 is also not necessarily wanted the hardness material, also can adopt thin slice.

Again, in described example 1～described example 7, use liquid crystal TFT element 22 as the on-off element that drives liquid crystal display cells 20, also be not limited thereto, for example can adopt liquid crystal MIN (MetalInsulators Metal, metal-insulator-metal) element.

Example 8

Other examples of the present invention can describe by Figure 32.Moreover, for ease of explanation, parts that all and described examples 1 were represented to the figure of example 7 and parts, prosign on the notes, no longer explanation with same function.

In addition, the various characteristics about described example 1 was narrated to the example 7 also can be suitable in this example.

As previously mentioned, liquid crystal indicator and organic EL display respectively have thin, light characteristics, simultaneously, and in bright place, reflection-type liquid-crystal display device all economize aspect the electric energy comparatively favourable, on the other hand, in dark place, back light utilization ratio and profile are considered, then organic EL display is comparatively effective, therefore Pu becomes liquid crystal display part and organic EL display element on a plate base, and both sides' shortcoming can be complementary, can think display device best under the various varying environments.

Yet, in above-mentioned display device, merely forming liquid crystal display cells and organic EL display element on the plate base, it is complicated that wiring in the substrate and driving circuit become, and harvests such as yield rate during manufacturing and cost are problem.

Therefore, in above-mentioned display device 1, structure according to Figure 23 of described example 5, driving for liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40, with the signal wire scan signal line is gate bus 3 ... signal wire, data signal line are source bus line 2a ... shared, can just address the above problem.

In this example, about the driving method of the driving circuit of this display device 1, existing described example 5 diverse ways are described in detail, moreover driving circuit is same as shown in Figure 23.

At first, in a display pixel 10, the unit interval of picture signal i.e. 1 field, is expressed as 1T shown in Figure 32 (a).

In this example, as Figure 32 (b) (c) as shown in, for from described gate bus 3 ... scanning-line signal Vg, when selecting, voltage raise and make that the expression liquid crystal is in conducting (ON) state with TFT element 22 among Figure 23, on the other hand, when non-selection, liquid crystal TFT element is in by (OFF) state.

Again, scanning-line signal Vg has carried out repeatedly selecting to be in conducting state during 1 T, and in addition, the time interval that its scanning-line signal Vg selects not is equally spaced but 2 power, that is, see shown in Fig. 1 figure with 1 field T, according to 2 ⁰: 2 ¹: 2 ²Cut apart like that, its result, 1 T may be partitioned into each interval of (1/7) T, (2/7) T, (4/7) T.Say again, also can be, but be the interval by 2 power with time interval five equilibrium, the selection meeting number of times of scanning-line signal Vg has lacked and has increased the gray shade scale number.Promptly.Like this, by for example 1 field being divided into 2 ⁰: 2 ¹: 2 ², each partitioning portion individually to be lighted, when considering bright time of total lamp in 1 field T, the result can show as 8 kinds of gray shade scales.

Again, in this enforcement is taken a stand 1 field T during in, for example with 3 sweep signal Vg, as conducting state, 8 kinds of gray shade scales are represented in supposition thus, but may not only limit to this, along with the gray shade scale number that this number of times is increased on showing also further increases, that is, normally, with unit interval of picture signal promptly 1 field T be divided into when a plurality of, respectively cutting apart amplitude is 1 (=2 ⁰): 2 ¹: 2 ².2 ⁿThe interval of (n is a positive integer) in view of the above, can represent 2 ^N+1Individual gray shade scale, in addition, the selection of scanning-line signal Vg time minimizing can increase the gray shade scale number.

Below the concrete reflection-type demonstration and the driving method of luminous demonstration are described as follows.

At first, when carrying out the reflection-type demonstration, shown in Figure 32 (b), data line signal Vs from source bus line 2a shown in Figure 23 carries out anti-phase driving for communication signal Vcom, according to the diadic signal of COMVcom signal reflection light quantity is changed, in addition, in 3 scanning-line signal Vg, execution break-make accommodation reflex light quantity in time promptly reaches the effect of regulating light quantity by the increase and decrease time of penetrating.

Again, in this example, the normal type liquid crystal of liquid crystal display cells 20 usefulness therefore with the drive signal shown in Figure 32 (b), then is dark state when being bright state period (2/7) T when period (4/7) T and period (1/7) T.At the 1st and the 2nd all is the 5th gray shade scale, that is, for example, during period (2/7) T, the COMVcom signal is the ON state, and data line signal Vs then is the OFF state on the other hand.1 is as a result, becomes the state that is applied in voltage on the liquid crystal display cells 20, therefore, becomes dark state during period (2/7) T.

At this moment, from described source bus line 2a ... the data line signal Vs that comes is no more than the EL threshold voltage vt h (OLED) of EL shown in Figure 23 with TFT element 42, and therefore, electric current does not flow into organic EL 40, not luminous demonstration.

On the other hand, when carrying out luminous demonstration, shown in Figure 32 (c), described source bus line 2a ... the data line signal Vs that comes surpasses the EL threshold voltage vt h (OLED) of EL with TFT element 42, so current direction organic EL 40, electric current flows and carries out luminous demonstration.

In this example, interior 3 scanning-line signal Vg during 1 T are made as the ON state, 3 times scanning-line signal Vg makes organic EL ON-OFF action.Adjust amount of emitted light equally in time and show luminous with described liquid crystal display cells 20.Specifically, shown in Figure 23 (c), be the ON state when period (4/7) T and (1/7) T, on the other hand, then be the OFF state during period (2/7) T, it all is that the 5th gray shade scale shows that the result is the 1st and the 2nd.

Here, during luminous demonstration, with to the GND signal, luminous ON-OFF Be Controlled, therefore, communication signal Vcom makes data line signal Vs certain and that come from source bus line 2a and does not do anti-phase driving, in addition, in this example, liquid crystal display cells 20 as mentioned above, with be normal white liquid crystal, so COM signal Vcom with from source bus line 2a ... the differential signal of data line signal Vs be bigger value often.Therefore, liquid crystal shows slinkingly through being everlasting and shows state, and exterior light 4 is not reflected in the reflection-type display part, shows so can make light emitting-type.

Again, in this example, when carrying out the occasion of luminous demonstration, COM signal Vcom and power supply utmost point bus 2a ... the differential signal of the data line number of the reading Vs that comes is bigger value often, therefore liquid crystal often is in to show slinkingly and shows state, and the part that reflection-type shows does not reflect outer light 4, can make light emitting-type and show.

Again, under this example, when carrying out luminous demonstration, make COM signal Vcom certain and make from source bus line 2a ... data line signal Vs change, therefore organic EL 40 carries out on-off action, thereby to COM signal Vcom, liquid crystal display cells 20 is made AC driving, prevents that pattern from keeping the generation of phenomenon.

Again, in this example, as the shift means of electric current and voltage, constitute with TFT element 42 by an EL, but be not limited to this, promptly, show as Figure 31,, rely on source bus line 2a for high also available two the above elements that loose in the face that suppresses display device 1 ... the data line signal Vs that comes, can control the threshold value of operating voltage, such structure is for well.

In this above example, lotion crystal display element 20 and organic EL 40 drive arrangements become rectangular above-mentioned each display element 10 ... with source bus line 2a ... and gate electric wire 3 ... can be shared mutually.

In addition, source bus line 2a by liquid crystal display cells is powered and controlled in the display device 1 of this example ... and gate bus 3 ... apply drive signal, just can drive organic EL 40, thereby, apply drive signal, just can drive organic EL 40, thereby, with the source bus line 2a that drives liquid crystal display cells 20 usefulness ... and gate bus 3 ... also may drive organic EL 40, this also causes each driver such as source electrode driver 6 and gate driver T shared, consequently needn't increase source bus line 2a again ... and gate bus 3 ... and can carry out the various demonstrations of liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40.

Again, in this example, the characteristic of liquid crystal display cells 20 is normal, like this, when not applying the state of voltage on liquid crystal display cells 20, echo area 11 is white demonstration, and after liquid crystal 20 also was applied in voltage, reflectivity was that zero echo area 11 shows darkly.In addition, when from source bus line 2a ... the voltage that is applied on the liquid crystal display cells 20 is big more, will deceive demonstration more.

Therefore, when driving organic EL 40, as mentioned above, liquid crystal display cells 20 is a driving condition, and it is shown as black.

Its result is because of the viewing area of organic EL 40 promptly sees through black demonstration of one-tenth on every side in district 12, so can prevent that by light emitting drive organic EL 40 contrast from descending.

In addition, in the display device of this example, optical modulation element is made up of liquid crystal display cells 20.Its result by form liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40 in a display element 10, is that power consumption is low thereby the strong point of existing liquid crystal display cells 20 can be provided, and the strong point that organic EL 40 is arranged again is the high display device of light utilization ratio 1.

At this, on the characteristic of liquid crystal with TFT element 22, liquid crystal display cells 20 is necessary that for the current potential of counter electrode 27 anti-phase driving is an AC driving, on the other hand, organic EL 40 as mentioned above, and is if can be direct drive by the noninverting driving of electric current, then enough.

This point, the display device 1 of this example is provided with the pixel capacitors 25 of external light reflection characteristic, and is located on whole of display element 10 in the subtend substrate with the counter electrode 27 of these pixel capacitors 25 subtends.In addition, when being shown by liquid crystal display cells 20, doing anti-phase driving for the current potential of counter electrode 27, on the other hand, when being shown by organic EL 40, is that the GND current potential is done noninverting driving for the current potential of negative electrode 45.

Therefore, with liquid crystal display cells 20 during as optical modulation element, can be really and drive liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 40 aptly.

In addition, in the display device of this example, organic EL 40 is arranged on the rear side of pixel capacitors 25 after more that the external light reflection characteristic is arranged, and, organic EL 40 is when forwards luminous voluntarily, can exist echo area 11 place's light of pixel capacitors 25 to become non-seeing through only seeing through district's 12 demonstrations.

Therefore, when driving organic EL 40, the pixel capacitors 25 of liquid crystal display cells 20 plays black matrix".So, can look to keeping the contrast of organic EL 40.

In addition, with the driving method of this example display device 1, with unit interval of the picture intelligence in each viewing area 10 promptly (Field) T be divided into a plurality ofly, during each is cut apart, make liquid crystal display cells 20 or organic EL conducting, end.

Therefore, the total ON time that can control liquid crystal display cells 20 in the field T or organic EL 40 can also increase the kind of the bright pattern of this lamp, and can drive effectively them simultaneously.

In addition, do like this, by the ON time of time last control liquid crystal display cells 20 or organic EL 40, thus the gray shade scale of energy displayed image signal.

Therefore, when two display elements of formation are liquid crystal display cells 20 and organic EL 4 in viewing area 10, can prevent that circuit from constituting the complexity that becomes, and improves yield rate when making, reduce cost, and the driving method of the display device 1 that can effectively carry out the gray shade scale demonstration is provided.

In addition, with the driving method of the display device 1 of this example, in each viewing area 10 unit interval of picture intelligence promptly one be divided into when a plurality of, the width of respectively cutting apart is divided into 1 (=2 ⁰): 2 ¹: 2 ²: ...: 2 ⁿThe interval of (n is a positive integer).

Promptly, 1 T is divided into the interval of 2 power, during it is cut apart, just during each (4/7) T, during (2/7) T, and during in (1/7), by liquid crystal display cells 20 or organic EL 40 are put conducting state, thereby can be in 1 T of control liquid crystal display cells 20 or organic EL 40 total ON time simultaneously, can also increase the kind of the bright pattern of lamp, and can be to they effective drivings.

Its result by this dividing method, is showing 2 ^N+1During individual gray shade scale, the selection number of times of scanning-line signal reduces, and the gray shade scale number can increase.

Also have, in this example, the driving circuit when organic EL 40 is located at pixel capacitors 25 rears is described, but may not be limited to this, even when organic EL 40 and liquid crystal layer 26 were located at one deck, the driving circuit that illustrated in this example still can be suitable for.

In addition,, use reflection type liquid crystal display element 20 to be optical modulation element, but may not be limited to this at above-mentioned example, for example also can use catoptron etc. and make the conducting of reflection of light amount, by display element to show.Also have, can be for electromigration escope spare, reverse ball (Twist Ball) escope spare, use trickle prism film reflection type display device, utilize the optical modulation element of digital mirror device etc.

In addition,, for example using organic EL 60,70,80 simultaneously,, then also can be suitable for as long as can conducting, by the luminous inorganic EL element of control LED light emitting diode etc. though, may not be limited to this as the light-emitting component organic EL.Also have, also can use imitate light-emitting components such as illuminated display element (FED) plasma demonstration.

In addition, the described insulated substrate 29 of above-mentioned example may not be rigid material, also can be film and so on.

Moreover, in above-mentioned example, use liquid crystal TFT element 22 as the on-off element that drives liquid crystal display cells 20, but may not be limited to this, for example, also can use liquid crystal MIM element.

Example 9

According to Figure 33 to Figure 40 other example of the present invention is described as follows, and,, then annotate and go up prosign, for identical function being arranged for ease of explanation no longer to the tool explanation with aforementioned example 1 to the parts shown in the accompanying drawing of example 8.In addition, at aforementioned example 1 to example 8 described various characteristics, this example also is suitable for.

This example will be that the situation of organic EL display is illustrated to making independent light-emitting component.

At first, as shown in figure 33, the organic EL display 100 of this example forms TFT driving circuit portion and EL layer at two between as the insulated substrate 121,129 of the 1st substrate and the 2nd substrate.

On a side insulated substrate 121, form TFT circuit 142, become the insulation planar film 123 of diaphragm on this TFT circuit 142, on this planar film 123, form pixel capacitors 125.This pixel capacitors 125 is connected with above-mentioned TFT circuit 142 by being located at the through hole on the planar film.When planar film 123 prevents that moisture from invading TFT circuit 142, make that also the upper surface of TFT circuit 142 is smooth.Above-mentioned insulated substrate 121, TFT circuit 142, planar film 123 and pixel capacitors 125 form TFT circuit side substrate 151.

On the other hand, on the opposing party's insulated substrate 129 that is arranged on above-mentioned TFT circuit side substrate 151 subtend positions, the gap of cancellation element is set, can interdict black matrix" 133 from the luminescent layer lateral light, simultaneously, the electrode wires 165a that on black matrix" 133, forms to the power supply of EL layer along black matrix" 133.On these, form the anode electrode of forming by the nesa coating that becomes EL layer anode 165 again.

Above-mentioned anode electrode (anode) is made with the oxide of ITO usually, but that the electric conductor of oxide system and metal are compared resistance is big.Therefore, according to leaving the distance that becomes the power supply edge of substrate, the power consumption that the anode electrode of being made up of nesa coating (anode) 165 causes can slightly not disregarded.For the above-mentioned reasons, form as the electrode wires 165a that forms the above-mentioned approximately power consumption utmost point by metal electrode with form in this example along black matrix" 133.

Form organic EL layer 166 on above-mentioned anode electrode (anode) 165, this organic EL layer send layer 164, luminescent layer 163, electron supplying layer 162 to form at this by the hole.And, on electron supplying layer 162, form cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161.To finish the structure of EL to this cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 modes from insulating base 129.Also have, organic EL 160 by anode electrode (anode) 16, hole transporting layer 164, luminescent layer 163, electron supplying layer 162, and cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 constitute.

In this example, form the cathodic protection material 167 of protection cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 at the lower surface of cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161.This is because cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 easily causes oxidation because of oxygen and moisture, by being formed on the cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161, thereby at this cathode electrode of protection (negative electrode) 161 simultaneously, in order to be easy to be connected with TFT circuit side substrate 151 and to establish.Promptly this cathodic protection material 167 and cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 are connected to form together, have improved reliability.

In addition, the insulated substrate 129 usefulness connection electrode of formation TFT circuit side substrate 151 and organic EL 150 are connected.This connection electrode 168 is stuck with paste by conduction and electroconductive resin forms.They are formed on after two sides' the substrate-side and fit, and in addition, also can only form on a side substrate.Have again, also can use these material laminates of multi-disc to connect.

Also have, in above-mentioned Figure 20,166 employings are made up of hole transporting layer 164, luminescent layer 163, electron supplying layer 162 as organic EL layer, but may not be limited to this, for example shown in Figure 34, utilize macromolecule EL material 173 at organic EL layer, when forming, be coated with macromolecule EL material with ink-jet coating apparatus.Moreover, like this with ink-jet coating apparatus coating macromolecule EL material.Moreover, when being coated with ink-jet coating apparatus like this, around preventing that macromolecule EL material 173 from flowing to, establish guide member 174 at the lower position of black matrix" 133.Be about to guide member 174 and make the square frame shape in advance, these guide member 174 inside are coated with macromolecule EL material 173 with ink-jet application, moreover, though organic EL layer 166 is applied on one deck, but also can be with aforementioned the same, on multilayer, repeat to be coated with macromolecule EL material and form stratiform.

Below, the manufacture method of above-mentioned organic EL display 100 is described according to Figure 35 to Figure 40.

At first shown in Figure 35 (a), the light screening material of forming with the particulate of chromium oxide or TiN, YiO on insulated substrate 129 forms black matrix" 133.The thickness of black matrix" 133 can be formed on about 1000～2000 .Chromium oxide forms with the vacuum film formation of spraying plating or plated film etc.In addition, the microparticulate of TiN, TiO is advanced etchant resist, and after the coating, after this mask exposure, developing, baking form pattern.

Below, form power consumption polar curve 165a, its formation method as; be about to aluminium (Al), titanium (Ti) according to this order on whole continuously after the spraying plating, form pattern with diaphragm, be used in the etching spraying plating continuously after; form pattern with diaphragm, be used for etching method and form electrode pattern.If get 3000 for aluminium (Al), titanium (Ti) is got 800 .Then, on tool, form the ITO film of thick 1000 , as anode electrode (anode) 165 with metallikon.On (c) of (a)～this figure of this figure, expression forms the method for organic EL layer 166 on the insulated substrate 129 that forms like this with the mask coating method.

At first, shown in Figure 35 (a), mask 155 is configured in upper surface of base plate, the gap by mask 155 forms the material that becomes organic EL layer 166 successively.Particularly, lamination hole transporting layer 164, luminescent layer 163 and electron supplying layer 162 in turn shown in Figure 35 (a), Figure 35 (b).

In addition, material as hole transporting layer 164 can list the phthalein cyanine compound, Cai's phthalein cyanine compound, the etioporphyrin class, hexichol butadiene, tetraphenylbutadiene, cumarin, nitrogen Cai metal fluor-complex, imines, hexichol are feared, diamido carbazole, mustard seed quinoline be because of, Le Bulang etc.

Have again, as the material of electron supplying layer 162 can list Fluorenone, fear the many prestige in quinonyl ground, diphenyl 1,4-benzoquinone, tetrazolium, two Cai's embedding phenylcarbamoyl acid.

Then, shown in Figure 35 (c), on organic EL layer 166,, form the less electrode material of value of working function as cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161.Also have, so-called working function means to electronics is fetched into extraneous required least energy from the such solid of conductor, semiconductor.

Can use materials such as magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), lithium (Li), MgAg alloy, LiAl alloy as above-mentioned cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161.

Can use aluminium (Al), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), tantalum metals such as (Ta) as cathodic protection material 167.At this,,, form the thickness of 1000 continuously as cathodic protection material 167 usefulness gold (Au) with the continuous thickness that forms 500～800 of LiAl alloy as cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161.

Do like this, can form substrate with organic EL layer 166 sides.Also have, after this mask 155 is moved to next pixel, form same element.Its result as shown in figure 33, forms the space between the organic EL layer of the organic EL layer 166 of certain pixel and its adjacent image point.

Be that the operation of connection electrode 168 describes according to Figure 26 (a) and Figure 26 (b) to the contact layer that forms and the substrate of organic EL 160 sides of TFT circuit side base plate 151 is fitted and connected below.

Shown in Figure 36 (a), in the TFT circuit side substrate 151, formation connection electrode 168 on pixel capacitors 125.

Material for this connection electrode 168 can be stuck with paste electroconductive resin etc. with conduction.Especially the metal particle of nano-scale particle diameter is used for conduction and sticks with paste, then its particle diameter of metal particle is minimum, between the particle and the probability that contact with electrode increase, thus, can keep in touch electric infalliblely.

In addition, as electroconductive resin, for example can open the dispersed photosensitive resin of conducting particles (Fuji Photo film Co., Ltd. system) that flat 11-249299 communique is put down in writing with the spy, maybe can utilize (the CHEMISTRY LETTERS of magazine (1986TheChemical Society of Japan), PP.469-472,1986) etc. put down in writing, utilized the conductive photoreceptor polymkeric substance of polypyrrole.Also have, it is the detailed technology that the dispersed sensitization of conducting particles such as relevant carbon black disperses thing and sensitive film that the spy opens flat 11-249299 communique, discloses the main idea that forms pattern by exposure and developing.In addition, at (CHEMISTRY LETTERS PP.462-472,1986) disclosed in,, made to have electric conductivity, formed polypyrrole, made pattern as electrode material with the pyrrole monomer photochemical polymerization.

Also have, at this, shown in Figure 36 (a); for example carbon black being dispersed in sensitization in the diaphragm leads after material is coated on the TFT circuit side substrate 151; with mask 155 expose, developing, shown in Figure 36 (b), process and make only residual connection electrode 168 on pixel section.

Then, shown in Figure 27 (a) and Figure 37 (b), the subtend substrate 152 of TFT circuit side substrate 151 and organic EL 160 sides is aimed at mutually, fits and is after this fixed.At this, organic EL is connected by on connection electrode 168 and TFT circuit side substrate 151 circuit, but wishes that these TFT circuit side substrates 151 and subtend substrate 152 all are pre-formed electroconductive resin, can keep electric contact between electroconductive resin.This is because can prevent to cause because of oxidation on metal surface the cause of loose contact, utilizes the elastic energy of resin to be easy to keep in touch.

Below, the situation that adopts macromolecule EL material to form at organic EL layer is described.

Shown in Figure 38 (a), form guide 174 on the anode electrode of subtend substrate 152 (anode) 165, this guide 174 utilizes resist or poly-imines by the light efficiency etching work procedure, ink-jet application and forming.Figure 38 (b) is illustrated in the situation that forms the organic EL layer of being made up of macromolecular material 173 in the guide 174 by ink-jet application.Can list polyphenylene ethylene, polyfluoro synthetic fibre, many thiophene, polyvinylcarbazole etc. as macromolecule EL material.

Then, shown in Figure 38 (c), behind formation cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 and anodic protection electricity and the material 167, coating is the conducting polymer composite of connection electrode 168 as contact layer.Can use described aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg), AlMg, AlLi material etc. as cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161.With coating method the AlLi metal material is plated to film about thick 1000A at this, on tool, forms conducting polymer composite again as above-mentioned connection electrode 168.On the other hand, TFT circuit side substrate 151 as shown in figure 39, for example the connection electrode 168 of leading resin with ink discharge device coating sensitization forms.

Then, shown in Figure 40 (a) and Figure 40 (b), TFT circuit side substrate 151 and subtend substrate 152 are fitted.The subtend substrate 152 that is the uncle of TFT circuit side substrate 151 and organic EL unit 160 sides is aimed at, fits back fixing mutually.At this, though organic EL 160 is connected with TFT circuit side substrate 151 by on connection electrode 168 circuit,, wish all to be pre-formed electroconductive resin at our side group plate 151 of these TFT electricity and subtend substrate 152, be preferably in the electric contact of maintenance between the electroconductive resin.This is because can prevent to cause because of oxidation on metal surface the cause of loose contact, utilizes the elastic energy of resin to keep in touch easily.

In addition, adhesive linkage is a connection electrode 168 on the periphery of the binding face of TFT circuit side substrate 151 of being fitted and subtend substrate 152, is coated with bonding agents such as epoxy resin, bonding the getting final product of sclerosis when fitting.Also can, the black matrix" place between pixel is coated in bonding agent the part that is concealed.

Like this, organic EL display 100 of this example and manufacture method thereof are on the device of being made up of separately illuminated display element, the subtend substrate 152 that forms light-emitting component and be organic EL 160 is in light-emitting component electricity consumption in forming organic EL 160 and after being cathodic electricity and (negative electrode) 161 with 151 applyings of TFT circuit side substrate.

Thus, the light of organic EL 160 outgoing is not the TFT circuit side substrate 151 that form to drive the driving circuit of organic EL 160, and may be subtend substrate 152 outgoing from setting with its subtend.Therefore,, compare, have following basic advantage comparably with the structure of TFT circuit side substrate 151 side outgoing because the direction of light outgoing is identical with aforementioned prior art.

At first, sleep side group plate 151 and organic EL 160 of driving circuit TFT circuit being set can form respectively.Therefore, can distinguish and arrange manufacturing process independently,, reliability be improved so not influenced by temperature, gas and medicine etc.

In addition, adopt said structure, light is penetrated on the subtend substrate 152 that forms organic EL 160, can set the luminous zone in bigger scope because of not influencing driving circuit side opening rate, so can improve brightness.Also have, light-emitting area is also big, and the magnitude of current that obtains the unit area of same brightness also can suppress, and can realize life-saving, and reduces power consumption because of luminescence efficiency improves.

In addition, form the TFT circuit side substrate 151 not outgoing of glazing of driving circuit, can on 151 whole of TFT circuit side substrates, form driving circuit.Therefore, can freely set driving circuit TFT (size, or distinguish in TFT formation and to allow some leeway, can form the circuit that carries out meticulous control usefulness.Because of leeway is also arranged on the wiring width,, reach yield rate so can improve the reliability of driving circuit.

, in the above-mentioned organic EL display 100, the cathode electrode of organic EL 160 (negative electrode) 161 will be used the little material of work functional value.As such material, can exemplify out magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) and lithium (Li) etc. in the metal material.These are loose materials, easily because of the moisture in the atmosphere, and oxygen and deterioration takes place.In addition,, also can capture oxygen sometimes and produce chemical reaction, be protected so after forming, just cover with stable metal at once from this material according to the material that is contacted.But, all can not obtain with aforementioned prior art and can protect the such formation of cathode electrode (negative electrode).

To this; in this example; until the subtend substrate 152 that in organic EL 160, forms cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161; again cathode electrode (after forming as the cathodic protection electrode 167 of the guard electrode of this cathode electrode of protection (negative electrode) 161 on the negative electrode 161 and TFT loop side group plate 151 fit.

Be about to when subtend substrate 152 that forms utmost point electrode (negative electrode) 161 and 151 applyings of TFT loop side group plate; by the cathodic protection electrode material 167 of protection cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 is set; thereby can be when fitting, prevent the performance degradation of the cathode electrode that influence caused (negative electrode) 161 of moisture, oxygen in the environment.

Ideally,, can further prevent the deterioration of cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 for by form the cathodic protection electrode material 167 of protection cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 and diaphragm continuously at same procedure again.At this moment, the formation thickness of cathodic protection electrode material 167 can freely set, does not allow oxygen etc. can make the composition intrusion of cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 deteriorations with regard to constituting the cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 with adequate thickness.

In addition, in the organic EL display 100 and manufacture method thereof of this example, form the subtend substrate 152 of the cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 of organic EL 160, driving circuit electrode at TFT circuit side substrate 151 is on the surface of contact of pixel capacitors 125, after forming the contact layer of conduction paste, electroconductive resin etc., engage with the pixel capacitors 125 of TFT circuit side substrate 151.

As a result, in fitting, can protect electrically conducting more infalliblely,, just can realize not having speck, carry all over image quality so on the composition surface, can intermittently or not put contact.

But, in organic display device 100 and manufacture method thereof of this example, in the time of will forming the subtend substrate 152 of cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 and TFT circuit side substrate 151 and fit, with the cathode electrode (negative electrode) 161 of emergent light side opposition side, with TFT circuit side substrate 151 subtends.

But transparency electrode is compared the resistance height because be generally the electric conductor of using oxide with metal.Therefore, when on having the display screen of a plurality of pixels, making whole pixels luminous, at first might pressure drop on transparency electrode.And, be about under the situation of TFT circuit side substrate 151 as anode electrode in prior art, to the power supply of the TFT of driving circuit, cause is a metal line, though do not have any problem, exceed than metal in resistivity on hundreds of times the transparent electric body, because of the speck that pressure drop causes can not be ignored.

Therefore, for example, along the black matrix" 133 of exiting side the electrode wires 165a that metal line is formed is set in the lump, because of suppressing pressure drop, so can not produce speck.

Also have, during this enforcement is taken a stand, though the characteristics to the organic EL display 100 be made up of separately illuminated display element are described, but these characteristics also can be suitable for the device that the non-illuminated display element described in the aforementioned example 1～8 and illuminated display element are provided with in the lump, have same action effect.

Claims (57)

1. a display device is characterized in that,

In viewing area (10), comprise the 1st viewing area (11) formed with the non-light-emitting component that shows by optical modulation element (20) reflection exterior light, directly modulate the 2nd viewing area of forming with the light-emitting component that shows (12a), above-mentioned the 1st viewing area (11) and the 2nd viewing area (12a) are set in the lump by light-emitting component (60).

2. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

Also comprise the 1st substrate (21) and the 2nd substrate (20) of mutual subtend, above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) and light-emitting component (60) all are located between above-mentioned the 1st substrate (21) and the 2nd substrate (29).

3. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

The optical modulation layer (26) that does not have above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) in above-mentioned the 2nd viewing area (12a).

4. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

The optical modulation layer (26) of above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) and the luminescent layer (63) of above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) are arranged on same one deck.

5. display device according to claim 2 is characterized in that,

Drive the driving element (42) of above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) and the driving element (22) of the above-mentioned optical modulation element of driving (20) and be formed on above-mentioned the 1st substrate-side (51), and above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) is formed on above-mentioned the 2nd substrate-side (52).

6. display device according to claim 2 is characterized in that,

Either party of above-mentioned the 1st substrate-side (51) and the 2nd substrate-side (52) also is included as the protuberance (66) of adjusting height and being provided with, and goes up at this protuberance (66) and forms above-mentioned light-emitting component (60).

7. display device according to claim 6 is characterized in that,

Raised part is formed by electroconductive resin.

8. display device according to claim 6 is characterized in that,

Raised part (66) is made up of insulation course.

9. display device according to claim 6 is characterized in that,

On the composition surface of light-emitting component with electrode (61,65) and above-mentioned the 1st substrate-side (51) or the 2nd substrate-side (52) of above-mentioned light-emitting component (60), also comprise conductive material.

10. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

The luminescent layer (63) of above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) and the optical modulation layer (26) of above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) are by protective seam (77) adjacency.

11. display device according to claim 10 is characterized in that,

Above-mentioned protective seam (77) has shade function.

12. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

Drive above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) and optical modulation element independently of each other.

13. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

Shared signal line (2a) also drives above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) and optical modulation element (20).

14. display device according to claim 2 is characterized in that,

Also comprise the driving element (22,42) that drives above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) and optical modulation element (20), above-mentioned driving element (22,42) is formed on the either party of above-mentioned the 1st substrate-side (51) or the 2nd substrate-side (52).

15. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

Also comprise the exterior light detection means (93) that detects exterior light, also comprise the display control means (91) of selecting to show above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) and optical modulation element (20) both or either party according to the exterior light testing result of this exterior light detection means (93).

16. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

Above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) is a reflection type liquid crystal display element, and above-mentioned light-emitting component is an organic electroluminescent device.

17. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

The display surface lateral electrode (27) of above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) and demonstration two lateral electrodes (65) of above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) are to be formed on on one deck by same material.

18. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

When above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) was bright show state, above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) can be selected no luminance.

19. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

Above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) and light-emitting component (60) are configured to adjacency state, and simultaneously, when the either party in above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) and the light-emitting component (60) was bright show state, the opposing party showed state for showing slinkingly.

20. the manufacture method of a display device is characterized in that,

When making the described display device of claim 2, go up formation driving circuit (22,42) at above-mentioned the 1st substrate (21), go up formation driving circuit (22,42) at above-mentioned the 1st substrate (21), go up formation above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) at above-mentioned the 2nd substrate (29), after this, above-mentioned the 1st substrate-side (51) of these formation driving circuits (22,42) and above-mentioned the 2nd substrate-side (52) of above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) are lumped together and be made of one.

21. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 20 is characterized in that,

The luminescent layer (63) of above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) and the optical modulation layer (26) of above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) in abutting connection with being provided with, simultaneously, can form any in above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) and the protective seam (77) earlier by protective seam (77).

22. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 20 is characterized in that,

After on the composition surface of light-emitting component with electrode (61,65) and above-mentioned the 1st substrate-side (51) or the 2nd substrate-side (52) of above-mentioned light-emitting component (60) conductive material being set, above-mentioned the 1st substrate-side (51) and the 2nd substrate-side (52) are fitted.

23. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 20 is characterized in that,

After upward two light-emitting components of light-emitting component (60) formation are used electrode (65,61) at the 2nd substrate (29), will form the 1st substrate-side (51) of aforementioned driving circuit (22,42) and the 2nd substrate-side (52) of formation light-emitting component (60) and fit.

24. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 20 is characterized in that,

Above-mentioned light-emitting component is made up of organic electroluminescent device,

Form the 2nd substrate-side (52) of above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device, behind the cathode electrode (61) in forming organic electroluminescent device and the 1st substrate-side (51) fit.

25. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 24 is characterized in that,

The 2nd substrate-side (52) of the cathode electrode (61) in forming aforementioned organic electroluminescent device goes up after the guard electrode (167) that forms this cathode electrode of protection (61) at above-mentioned cloudy plate electrode (61) and the 1st substrate-side (51) is fitted.

26. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 24 is characterized in that,

Between aforementioned the 1st substrate-side (51) and the 2nd substrate-side (52), electrode (25) is set,

Form the 2nd base stage side (52) of the cathode electrode (61) in the aforementioned organic electroluminescent device, with the surface of contact of the driving circuit electrode (168) of above-mentioned the 1st substrate-side (51) on conductive material is set after and the driving circuit electrode (25) of the 1st substrate-side (51) engage.

27. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 24 is characterized in that,

On aforementioned the 2nd substrate-side (52), light outgoing one side is provided with the anode electrode (65) that the transparency electrode in the organic electroluminescent device is formed, and simultaneously, on above-mentioned anode electrode (65), also is provided with the power consumption utmost point (65a) in the lump.

28. a display device is characterized in that,

In the viewing area, comprise: the 1st viewing area of forming with the non-light-emitting component that shows by optical modulation element (20) reflection exterior light (11), directly modulate the 2nd viewing area of forming with the illuminated display element that shows (12) by light-emitting component (40), above-mentioned the 1st viewing area (11) and the 2nd viewing area (12) are set in the lump, simultaneously

Also comprise the 1st substrate (21) and the 2nd substrate (29) of mutual subtend, above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) and light-emitting component (40) all are arranged between above-mentioned the 1st substrate (21) and the 2nd substrate (29), and,

On above-mentioned the 2nd viewing area (12), the optical modulation layer (26) of above-mentioned light-emitting component (40), above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) is stacked on above-mentioned the 1st substrate (21) in turn.

29. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 28 is characterized in that,

Above-mentioned light-emitting component (40) has roughly the same or than its little area with the area of above-mentioned the 2nd viewing area (12).

30. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 28 is characterized in that,

Above-mentioned light-emitting component (40) is made up of organic electroluminescent device.

31. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 28 is characterized in that,

Above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) is a liquid crystal display cells.

32. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 28 is characterized in that,

Can drive above-mentioned light-emitting component (40) and optical modulation element (20) independently of each other.

33. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 28 is characterized in that,

Common signal line (2a) drives above-mentioned light-emitting component (40) and optical modulation element (20).

34. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 33 is characterized in that,

As the liquid crystal layer of the optical modulation layer (26) of above-mentioned liquid crystal display cells, in above-mentioned the 1st viewing area, be the horizontal alignment pattern, and the vertical alignment mode in above-mentioned the 2nd viewing area.

35. a display device is characterized in that,

In viewing area (10), comprise by the 1st electrooptic cell (20) reflection exterior light with the 1st viewing area (11) that shows, by 2nd viewing area (12) of the 2nd electrooptic cell (40,60) to show, above-mentioned the 1st viewing area (11) and the 2nd viewing area (12) are set in the lump

In addition, also comprise the 1st substrate (21) and the 2nd substrate (29) of mutual subtend, above-mentioned the 1st electrooptic cell (20) and the 2nd electrooptic cell (40,60) all are located between above-mentioned the 1st substrate (21) and the 2nd substrate (29), simultaneously,

Be used to utilize above-mentioned the 1st electrooptic cell (20) and the 2nd electrooptic cell (40,60) drive arrangements to become each data signal line (2a) and each scan signal line (2b) of rectangular above-mentioned each viewing area (10), can be shared mutually.

36. a display device is characterized in that.

In viewing area (10), comprise the 1st viewing area (11) formed with the non-illuminated display element that shows by optical modulation element (20) reflection exterior light, directly modulate the 2nd viewing area of forming with the illuminated display element that shows (12) by light-emitting component (40,60), above-mentioned the 1st viewing area (11) and the 2nd viewing area (12) are set in the lump, on the other hand

The 1st substrate (21) and the 2nd substrate (29) that also comprise mutual subtend, above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) and light-emitting component (40,60) all are arranged between above-mentioned the 1st substrate (21) and the 2nd substrate (29), simultaneously,

Be used for each data signal line (2a) and each scan signal line (2b) that above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) and light-emitting component (40,60) drive arrangements becomes rectangular above-mentioned each viewing area (10) usefulness, can be shared mutually.

37. a display device is characterized in that,

In viewing area (10), comprise the 1st viewing area (11) formed with the non-illuminated display element that shows by optical modulation element (20) reflection exterior light, directly modulate the 2nd viewing area of forming with the illuminated display element that shows (12) by light-emitting component (40,60), the 1st viewing area (11) and the 2nd viewing area (12) are set in the lump, on the other hand

The 1st substrate (21) and the 2nd substrate (29) that also comprise mutual subtend, above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) and light-emitting component (40,60) all are arranged between above-mentioned the 1st substrate (21) and the 2nd substrate (29), simultaneously,

Each data signal line (2a) and each scan signal line (26) being used for becoming with above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) drive arrangements rectangular above-mentioned each viewing area (10) apply drive signal, driven light-emitting element (40,60).

38. according to the described display device of claim 36, it is characterized in that,

Comprise that also the voltage transformation that will drive above-mentioned light-emitting component (40,60) becomes the voltage current transformation section (42) of electric current,

The on-off element that drives above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) is that optical modulation element uses the drain electrode of transistor (22) to be connected with above-mentioned voltage current transformation means (42).

39. according to the described display device of claim 38, it is characterized in that,

Above-mentioned voltage current transformation means (42) are made up of with transistor light-emitting component, simultaneously,

The transistorized threshold voltage of above-mentioned light-emitting component that is used to drive above-mentioned light-emitting component (40,60) is bigger than the driving voltage of above-mentioned optical modulation element (20).

40. according to the described display device of claim 38, it is characterized in that,

Above-mentioned voltage current transformation means (42) are made up of with transistor light-emitting component, simultaneously,

Drive the turn-on action district of above-mentioned light-emitting component, can divide according to threshold voltage with the optical modulation element usefulness transistor (22) of transistorized turn-on action district and above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) usefulness.

41. according to the described display device of claim 38, it is characterized in that,

The characteristic of above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) is normal white.

42. according to the described display device of claim 38, it is characterized in that,

Above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) is made up of liquid crystal display cells.

43. according to the described display device of claim 42, it is characterized in that,

Also comprise pixel capacitors (25), and be arranged on whole of viewing area (10) of the 2nd substrate-side (52) with the counter electrode (27) of this pixel capacitors (25) subtend with external light reflection characteristic, simultaneously,

By above-mentioned optical modulation element (20) when showing, with respect to the current potential of counter electrode (27) and drive, on the other hand, and by above-mentioned light-emitting component (40,60) when showing, can be with respect to the current potential of reference electrode (45) and drive.

44. according to the described display device of claim 36, it is characterized in that,

Above-mentioned light-emitting component (40) is arranged on than the pixel capacitors with said external reflective character (25) rear side more, above-mentioned light-emitting component (40) is being that the display surface side is when luminous voluntarily towards the place ahead, can only show on above-mentioned the 2nd viewing area (12) that light does not see through in having above-mentioned the 1st viewing area (11) of above-mentioned pixel capacitors (25).

45. the driving method according to the described display device of claim 36 is characterized in that,

Promptly field be divided into a plurality ofly unit interval of the picture signal in each viewing area (10), optical modulation element (20) or light-emitting component (40,60) conducting is ended.

46. according to the driving method of the described display device of claim 45,

Unit interval of the picture intelligence in aforementioned each viewing area promptly field is being divided into when a plurality of, is being divided into that respectively to cut apart width be 1: 2 ¹: 2 ²: ...: 2 ⁿThe interval of (n is a positive integer).

47. a display device is characterized in that,

To go up form the 1st substrate-side (151) of driving circuit (142) at the 1st substrate (121), comprise that two light-emitting components fit with the 2nd substrate-side (152) of the light-emitting component (160) of electrode (165,161) with going up at the 2nd substrate (129) to form.

48. display device according to claim 27 is characterized in that,

Aforementioned light-emitting component (160) is made up of organic electroluminescent device,

The 2nd substrate-side (152) that formation is had the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device of cathode electrode (161) is fitted with the 1st substrate-side (151).

49. according to the described display device of claim 48, it is characterized in that,

The 2nd substrate-side (152) that will also form the guard electrode (167) of this cathode electrode of protection (161) on the cathode electrode (161) of aforementioned organic electroluminescent device is fitted with the 1st substrate-side (151).

50. according to the described display device of claim 48, it is characterized in that,

Driving circuit electrode (125) is arranged on the composition surface of the 2nd substrate-side (152) of aforementioned the 1st substrate-side (151), simultaneously,

For the 2nd substrate-side (125), on the cathode electrode (161) of aforementioned organic electroluminescent device, form the contact layer (168) of conductive material,

Above-mentioned the 1st substrate-side (151), the 2nd substrate-side (152) engage with the driving circuit electrode (125) of the 1st substrate-side (151), contact layer (168) subtend of the 2nd substrate-side (152).

51. according to the described display device of claim 48, it is characterized in that,

For the 2nd substrate-side (152), at light exit side the anode electrode (165) that the transparency electrode in the organic electroluminescent device is formed is being set, simultaneously,

On above-mentioned anode electrode (165), the power consumption utmost point (165a) is being set also.

52. the manufacture method of a display device is characterized in that,

Go up formation driving circuit (142) at the 1st substrate (121), after last two light-emitting components of the 2nd substrate (129) formed light-emitting component (160) with electrode (165,161), the 1st substrate-side (151) that has formed above-mentioned driving circuit (142) was fitted with the 2nd substrate-side (152) that has formed light-emitting component (160).

53. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 52 is characterized in that,

Aforementioned light-emitting component (160) is made up of organic electroluminescent device.

With forming the 2nd substrate-side (152) of above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device, at the cathode electrode (161) in forming organic electroluminescent device afterwards, fit with the 1st substrate-side (151).

54. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 53 is characterized in that,

Will be until the 2nd substrate-side (152) of the cathode electrode (161) in forming aforementioned organic electroluminescent device, the guard electrode (167) of formation this cathode electrode of protection (161) is fitted with the 1st substrate-side (151) afterwards again on above-mentioned cathode electrode (161).

55. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 53 is characterized in that,

Driving circuit electrode (125) is arranged on the composition surface of the 2nd substrate-side (152) of aforementioned the 1st substrate-side (151), simultaneously,

Will be until the 2nd substrate-side (152) of the cathode electrode (161) in forming aforementioned organic electroluminescent device, with the surface of contact of the driving circuit electrode (125) of above-mentioned the 1st substrate-side (151) on form the contact layer (168) of conductive material after, engage with the driving circuit electrode (125) of the 1st substrate-side (151).

56. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 53 is characterized in that,

On aforementioned the 2nd substrate-side (152), be equipped with the anode electrode (165) that the transparency electrode in the organic electro luminescent element is formed in exiting side.

57. the manufacture method according to the described display device of claim 53 is characterized in that,

The power consumption utmost point (165a) is set on above-mentioned anode electrode (165) in the lump.

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