CN1400493A - Liquid crystal device - Google Patents

Liquid crystal device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1400493A
CN1400493A CN02126565A CN02126565A CN1400493A CN 1400493 A CN1400493 A CN 1400493A CN 02126565 A CN02126565 A CN 02126565A CN 02126565 A CN02126565 A CN 02126565A CN 1400493 A CN1400493 A CN 1400493A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
mentioned
liquid crystal
polarizer
angle
curve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN02126565A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN1184518C (en
Inventor
棚田哲史
大泉满夫
鹿野满
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alps Alpine Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Alps Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2001228657A external-priority patent/JP2003091002A/en
Application filed by Alps Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Alps Electric Co Ltd
Publication of CN1400493A publication Critical patent/CN1400493A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1184518C publication Critical patent/CN1184518C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133753—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation

Abstract

In the liquid crystal display device, the reflection body 30 is positioned on the outer surface side of one transparent substrate 12 of a liquid crystal cell 1 via an adhesive layer and two sheets of optical retardation plates 14, 15 and the polarizing plate 17 are formed on the outer surface side of the other transparent substrate 11 successively from the other transparent substrate 11 side. The reflection body 30 comprises a resin substrate 35 for the reflection body with a projecting and recessing surface 35a formed on the surface thereof on which a metal reflection film 36 with a projecting and recessing surface 36a fitting to the outer shape of the projecting and recessing surface 35a is formed. The reflection body 30 is mounted on the liquid crystal cell 1 so as to make the metal reflection film 36 face the one transparent substrate 12 side. Provided is a liquid crystal display device with a wide viewing angle, further with a luminous bright display and with high contrast with only disposing a polarizing plate between a liquid crystal panel and a reflection body disposed on the outer surface side thereof.

Description

Liquid crystal indicator
Technical field
The present invention relates to the reflecting body externally positioned type liquid crystal indicator that a kind of exterior side at liquid crystal board is provided with reflecting body, in detail, relate to a kind ofly at liquid crystal board be located at and do not establish Polarizer between the reflecting body of its exterior side, the visual angle is wide and display brightness bright, the liquid crystal indicator of high-contrast.
Background technology
Generally in the display format of liquid crystal indicator, have to be called and have semi-transparency type backlight, infiltration type and reflection-type.Reflection-type liquid-crystal display device is to utilize the outer light of sunshine, illumination light etc. and liquid crystal indicator that need not demonstration backlight, for example is used for the slim portable information that requires lightweight, low power consumption mostly and does not hold.In this reflection-type liquid-crystal display device, have be used to reflect the reflection of light plate of going into to shine from the display surface side, be the reflecting plate of mirror status or the reflecting plate that the surface forms male and female face with the surface mostly as this reflecting plate.
Figure 19 has the sectional view that roughly constitutes that the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device in the past of the reflecting plate that forms male and female face is gone up on the surface.This reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 50, it has: be located at the transparent electrode layer 53,54 on each opposite face side of a pair of glass substrate 51,52, be provided with the reverse mould 55,56 of liquid crystal at this transparent electrode layer 53,54 respectively simultaneously, between this oriented film 55,56, be furnished with the liquid crystal board 50a that liquid crystal layer constitutes.
Then, be provided with the 1st and the 2nd polarizer the 66,67, the 1st Polarizer 68 in the outside of the glass substrate 51 of liquid crystal board 50a successively from substrate 51 sides.In addition, be provided with the 2nd Polarizer 69, and and then stick reflecting plate 70 in the outside of the 2nd Polarizer 69 by clear adhesive 70 in glass substrate 52 outsides of liquid crystal board 50a.
This reflecting plate 70 as shown in figure 20, is for example to be used in that the surface of resin film 71 imposes blasting treatment and forms convex-concave surface, and the method by evaporation forms the reflectance coating 72 that is made of aluminium etc. and forms on this convex-concave surface.The face of reflectance coating 72 sides is assembled this reflecting plate 70 towards the 2nd Polarizer 59 sides ground.
In addition, in Figure 19, symbol 65 is the seals (encapsulant) that close the liquid crystal layer 57 between the envelope glass substrate 51,52.
In the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 50 of said structure, the light that incides the 1st Polarizer 68 because of this Polarizer 68 by linear polarization, the light behind polarisation by the 2nd, the 1st polarizer 67,66, liquid crystal layer 57 by elliptical polarized light.Then this elliptical polarized light light by the 2nd Polarizer 69 and by linear polarization.This linear polarization is reflected on reflecting plate 70, again by being that the 2nd Polarizer 69, liquid crystal layer the 57, the 1st, the 2nd polarizer 66,67 penetrate from the 1st Polarizer 68.
But,, usually require to have 1. resolution, 2. contrast, 3. picture brightness, good visibility such as 4. angular field of view is wide as the display performance of liquid crystal indicator.
Therefore, reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 50 in the past reduces whole reflectivity owing to the reflectivity of the reflecting plate 70 that forms male and fomale(M﹠F) with sandblast is bad, can not fully satisfy in the more requirement of wide region reflection angle reflection of incident light plate.Therefore, the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 50 with this kind reflecting plate 70 exists problems such as narrower visual angles that the visual angle only is 25～35 degree and display surface luminance shortage.
On the other hand, what above-mentioned surface was relevant with the reflection characteristic of the reflecting plate that forms mirror status is, general compare with said reflection plate 70 that (E reflection angle) shows very high high reflectance in the reflection angle specific to incident angle, and the scope of the high reflection angle of reflectivity is very narrow with male and fomale(M﹠F).Therefore, surface in the past is the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of mirror-like reflecting plate, and the narrow problem in its visual angle is arranged.
Therefore, can consider with the 2nd Polarizer of removing between downside glass substrate 52 and the reflecting plate 70 69, by only using a slice to place the 1st Polarizer 68 on the 2nd polarizer 67 as the method for Polarizer, when applying selection voltage, make white demonstration bright, but, on such reflection-type liquid-crystal display device, only reduced a slice Polarizer, simultaneously because the reflectivity of reflecting plate 70 is still very low, therefore exist not only bright demonstration, show slinkingly the problem of the contrast decline of showing that (the black demonstration) also all becomes bright.
In addition, present inventors have studied reflecting body as shown in figure 21.As shown in figure 21 this reflecting body 51 of shape be located at formation such as glass for example 52 on the surface of the tabular resin substrate 53 (reflecting body substrate) that constitutes by photo-sensitive resin etc. on, forming its inner face that overlaps continuously is a plurality of recesses 54 of piece, and forms the reflectance coating that film constituted of aluminium or silver etc. thereon with methods such as evaporation or printings.
The above-mentioned recess 54 of its concentration unordered shape in 0.1～3mm scope in addition, irregularly disposes the spacing of the recess 54 of adjacency in 5～50mm scope.In addition, the inner face of recess 54 curved surface and its inclination angle that are respectively single piece be set in+18～-18 degree scopes within.
In this instructions so-called " recess depths " be from the surface of reflecting body to the distance of concave bottom, so-called " in abutting connection with the recess spacing " is the centre distance that forms circular depressions when looking squarely.
So-called in addition " inclination angle " is in the line of any place of the specific longitudinal profile upper recess 54 inner faces angle with respect to the surface.
Reflecting body 51 shown in Figure 21 has the reflection characteristic shown in the comparative example (Figure 16) as described later.Figure 16 is an incident angle when being 30 °, is that reflectivity (reflection strength) is the coverage diagram figure of reflection angle with the transverse axis with the longitudinal axis.
In addition, so-called incident angle as shown in figure 22, is to stand on the angle ω that the normal H of reflecting body 51 (substrate material surface) becomes with the incident light J-shaped.In addition, its reflection angle is on the plane that is included in above-mentioned normal H and incident light J, the angle ω that above-mentioned normal H and reflected light K form.And so-called normal reflection angle to substrate material surface is incident angle ω and the formed angle of reflection angle ω.
As shown in figure 16, the reflection characteristic of reflecting body 51 is to be the center for 30 ° at the reflection angle with the normal reflection angle, and the scope in 15 °≤ω≤45 ° has quite good reflectivity.
Above-mentioned reflecting body in the past 51 has been obtained the quite good reflectivity that has in the scope angle by the existence of recess.But as shown in figure 16, its reflection characteristic is to be peak value for about 15 ° and 45 ° with reflection angle, and near the reflectivity 30 ° of the reflection angles of positive and negative firing angle is low.Therefore, though there is the scope obtained suitable good reflection rate, some losses are arranged towards the brightness of normal reflection direction.
But, the word processor of notebook type and desktop computer, wrist-watch, be assembled in display device on the specific device and be used to its light source direction (incident angle) mostly and accept under catoptrical user's the condition of angle (reflection angle) in certain particular range of sight line.Therefore, considering that user (observer) is easy to use, is not to obtain the bright wide region that shows, but wishes to increase the reflection strength of certain specific direction.
In addition, under the situation with liquid crystal indicator backlight, the problem that the light that comes out backlight is too at random in reflector surface, reduce the light that penetrates to the highest reflection angle direction of utilization factor also can appear making if utilize the wide reflecting body of above-mentioned bright indication range.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly at liquid crystal board and be located between the reflecting body of its exterior side Polarizer is not set, the wide and brightness in visual angle shows liquid crystal indicator bright, high-contrast.
And, for addressing the above problem, liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is to have good reflectivity in addition in the angle of wide region, can be at the reflection direction in the scope of hope, particularly there is being the direction of some skews to improve reflectivity especially from the normal reflection direction, and under with occasion backlight, make light reflecting body too not at random and this reflecting body the bright demonstration of wide region be arranged in addition by use, the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of suitably carrying the tropism is arranged in common field range.
Summary of the invention
Liquid crystal indicator of the present invention, it is characterized in that: have the transparency electrode that sets gradually at the inner face upside of side's transparency carrier of the relative transparency carrier of seizing liquid crystal layer on both sides by the arms and from this transparent side and to film, the reflecting body that on the above-mentioned side's of the liquid crystal cells that is provided with transparency electrode and directed mould on the opposing party's the transparent inner face side from this opposing party's transparent side successively transparent exterior side, is provided with by adhesive linkage, form with 2 relative mistake plates that on an above-mentioned other side's transparent exterior side and from above-mentioned other side's transparent side, set gradually and Polarizer, above-mentioned reflecting body is that the reflecting body that formed male and fomale(M﹠F) on the surface forms on reisn base material and has and the match metallic reflective coating of male and fomale(M﹠F) of above-mentioned male and female face outer shape, and above-mentioned metallic reflective coating is contained in above-mentioned reflecting body on the liquid crystal cells towards above-mentioned side's transparent side ground.
The above-mentioned reflecting body reisn base material that forms male and fomale(M﹠F) on the surface, for example, use preferably that to be suitable for for example be that the mould that has jog on die face is pressed in irradiation light under the state on the photoresist, makes above-mentioned photo-sensitive resin sclerosis and form hard resin-layer, then above-mentioned mould is peeled off the method for making that runs off male and fomale(M﹠F) on the surface from above-mentioned hard resin-layer.Then, by by on the surface of the reflecting body with this male and fomale(M﹠F), forming metallic reflective coating with reisn base material, and make the metallic reflective coating that coincide with the shape of the male and fomale(M﹠F) of reisn base material with above-mentioned reflecting body with male and fomale(M﹠F), the male and fomale(M﹠F) of this metallic reflective coating has just become the male and fomale(M﹠F) of reflecting body.Promptly can be by the mould that jog is arranged that change is pressed on the photo-sensitive resin at above-mentioned reflecting body with forming desirable male and fomale(M﹠F) on the surface of reisn base material, therefore also can on the metallic reflection mould that forms on this male and fomale(M﹠F), form the male and fomale(M﹠F) of wishing, thereby the reflecting body with desirable reflection characteristic can be provided.
The male and fomale(M﹠F) of above-mentioned reflecting body is to make to have along single direction to make the identical continuous a plurality of protuberances along long of upper top height form recess each other, and direction vertical with above-mentioned single direction and the recess that is provided with between protuberance in this length also are located at above-mentioned single direction, preferably irregularly form the height of each long chi protuberance and wide.Have male and fomale(M﹠F) like this reflecting body, can suppress the reflection of light that unnecessary direction is come, can reflect expeditiously from the light of specific direction incident as the center with specific direction.
In addition, be connected with a plurality of grooves that cambered cross-section forms same R (radius-of-curvature) and extends to same direction on the male and fomale(M﹠F) of above-mentioned reflecting body, and, preferably changed this well width brokenly in order to make the reflected light that comes out from these grooves not interfere striped.According to reflecting body with such male and fomale(M﹠F), particularly be positioned at from the light reflection direction coverage of the direction incident vertical widely with the groove direction, reflectivity uprises and the display surface that can obtain becoming clear.In addition, this reflecting body is because the groove width of adjacent above-mentioned groove is different mutually, so can make the reflection direction expanded range.
In addition, the male and fomale(M﹠F) of above-mentioned reflecting body has been connected with the multi-ribbon shape ditch that cambered cross-section is shaped as same R and extends to same direction, simultaneously also form these cingulum sulcuses, for the reflected light that this cingulum sulcus is come out does not interfere each width to the cingulum sulcus of same direction extension that striped preferably changes the cingulum sulcus of above-mentioned intersection brokenly in the direction of reporting to the leadship after accomplishing a task.According to reflecting body, particularly because the wide ranges that relates to from the reflection of light direction of the direction incident vertical, so improved the display surface that reflectivity also can obtain becoming clear with all directions of the cingulum sulcus that intersects with such male and fomale(M﹠F).The crisscross of the cingulum sulcus of above-mentioned intersection can be vertical, angular cross that also can be in accordance with regulations.So long as can function as described above, which type of intersecting angle all is provided with problem.In addition, this reflecting body, particularly the groove width because of the adjacent groove of the cingulum sulcus that extends to same direction is different mutually, so the further scope of spread reflection direction.
The cingulum sulcus of above-mentioned reflecting body male and fomale(M﹠F) or the cingulum sulcus of intersection, the flat shape of its each groove also can be linearities, but curvature bending preferably in accordance with regulations.Reflecting body with male and fomale(M﹠F) like this particularly because spacing and the random cingulum sulcus of the degree of depth are arranged, has more improved reflectivity, can obtain the wide bright display surface in visual angle because of the bending of cingulum sulcus direction again simultaneously.
According to liquid crystal indicator of the present invention, the reflecting body of an above-mentioned side's who is located at above-mentioned liquid crystal cells transparency carrier exterior side is made: the reflecting body that forms male and fomale(M﹠F) on the surface forms the structure of the metallic reflective coating with the male and fomale(M﹠F) that coincide with the outer shape of above-mentioned male and fomale(M﹠F) on reisn base material, compare with the reflecting plate that forms male and fomale(M﹠F) with sandblast that possesses in the past the liquid crystal indicator, improved reflectivity and obtained the wide bright display surface in visual angle.
In liquid crystal indicator of the present invention, owing to have the superior reflecting body of above-mentioned reflectivity, so be the structure of between direction transparency carrier of liquid crystal cells and reflecting body, not establishing Polarizer, Polarizer being set at the exterior side of the opposing party's of liquid crystal cells transparency carrier, promptly, promptly use the structure of a slice Polarizer also can improve the brightness that reflectivity (transmitance) under the bright show state (white show state) has improved bright demonstration, its result has improved contrast, has obtained superior display characteristic.For example in liquid crystal indicator of the present invention, because even only a slice polarisation template that is provided with Polarizer in side's side of liquid crystal cells also can obtain above-mentioned superior display characteristic, so compare with liquid crystal indicator in the past, can reduce cost at 2 polarisation templates that dispose Polarizer up and down of liquid crystal cells.
In addition, liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is the reflecting body in the arranged outside of liquid crystal cells, in addition, can be bonded in reflecting body on the liquid crystal cells, therefore at normal temperatures, can make liquid crystal cells and reflecting body respectively, then reflecting body is contained on this liquid crystal cells, therefore, can when making reflecting body, apply thermal stress liquid crystal cells, and since when making reflecting body used chemicals etc. can not be stained with on the liquid crystal cells, reduce so can prevent the quality of liquid crystal cells.
In addition, in the liquid crystal indicator of the present invention of said structure, also can between the transparency electrode of face side color filter be set within it at the side's transparency carrier that constitutes above-mentioned liquid crystal cells and this.
In addition, in the liquid crystal indicator of the present invention of above-mentioned any structure, above-mentioned liquid crystal layer has and reverses 240 °～250 ° helical structure, the delay of above-mentioned liquid crystal cells (Δ nd at its thickness direction LC) be 600nm～800nm,
The direction of the  angle of the interior angle that the orientation direction b of the oriented film of the orientation direction a of the directed mould by above-mentioned the opposing party's transparent substrate side and above-mentioned side's transparent substrate side is made in the direction between above-mentioned orientation direction a, b when the light incident side of light is seen and with point of crossing o and above-mentioned orientation direction a, the b of above-mentioned orientation direction a, b preferably is set at during as normal direction X:
With above-mentioned the opposing party's transparency carrier delay (Δ nd in abutting connection with the polarizer of side RF1) be 100～200nm, and the angle ( of the phase delay axle β relative normal direction X of this phase-plate RF1) see it is from the light incident side of light to 60 °～100 ° of counterclockwise commentaries on classics,
With delay (the Δ nd of above-mentioned Polarizer in abutting connection with the polarizer of side RF2) be 300nm～500nm, and the phase delay axle γ of this polarizer is with respect to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X RF2) be seen as to 90 °～140 ° of counterclockwise commentaries on classics from the light incident side of light,
The absorption axes α of above-mentioned Polarizer is with respect to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction x Po1) be seen as to counterclockwise 20 °～70 ° or 110 °～160 ° from the light incident side of light.
According to such liquid crystal indicator, can obtain the effect that white demonstration (bright demonstration) is brighter, contrast is higher.
In addition, in the liquid crystal indicator of the present invention of above-mentioned any structure, above-mentioned liquid crystal layer has and is reversed 240 ° helical structure at its thickness direction, and the delay of above-mentioned liquid crystal cells (Δ nd LC) be 700nm,
The orientation direction b of the oriented film of the orientation direction a of the directed mould by above-mentioned the opposing party's transparent substrate side and above-mentioned side's transparent substrate side when the light incident side of light is seen, the direction of the  angle of direction between above-mentioned orientation direction a, b and the interior angle that makes with the point of crossing o that states orientation direction a, b and above-mentioned orientation direction a, b is preferably set during as normal direction X:
With delay (the Δ nd of above-mentioned Polarizer in abutting connection with the polarizer of side RF2) be 425nm, and the phase delay axle γ of this polarizer is with respect to working as the angle ( that states normal direction X RF2) spend for seeing from the light incident side of light to counterclockwise commentaries on classics 113,
The absorption axes α of above-mentioned polarizing axis is with respect to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X Po1) for seeing from the light incident side of light to counterclockwise commentaries on classics 42.5 degree.
According to liquid crystal indicator so, it is brighter to obtain white demonstration (bright demonstration), and the also higher effect of contrast.
In addition, in the liquid crystal indicator of the present invention of above-mentioned any structure, preferably handle and above-mentioned the opposing party's transparency carrier is located in abutting connection with the Nz coefficient with shown in the following formula (1) of the polarizer of side within-0.5～2.0 the scope, is located in abutting connection with the Nz coefficient with shown in the following formula (1) of the polarizer of side within-0.5～2.0 the scope with above-mentioned Polarizer.
Nz=(nx-nz)/(nx-ny) ... formula (1)
(in the formula, nx is the refractive index of the X-direction of polarizer, and ny is the refractive index of the Y direction of polarizer, and nz is the refractive index of the Z-direction of polarizer).
According to this liquid crystal indicator, enlarged the good range of the contrast on the direction up and down of display surface, therefore enlarged the visual angle of the direction up and down of display surface, obtained good viewing angle characteristic.
In addition, in the liquid crystal indicator of the present invention of above-mentioned any structure, above-mentioned the opposing party's transparency carrier is made as 0.5 in abutting connection with the Nz coefficient shown in the above-mentioned formula of the usefulness of the polarizer of side (1), being made as 0.3 better in abutting connection with the Nz coefficient shown in the above-mentioned formula of the usefulness of the polarizer of side (1) with above-mentioned Polarizer.
According to such liquid crystal indicator, enlarged the good scope of contrast on the direction up and down of display surface, therefore, can obtain further to have enlarged the visual angle of the direction up and down of display surface, more superior viewing angle characteristic.
In addition, in the liquid crystal indicator of above-mentioned any structure, used complex refractive index (the Δ n of the liquid crystal that constitutes above-mentioned liquid crystal layer LC) the wavelength dispersion characteristic than with complex refractive index (the Δ n of the polarizer of above-mentioned the opposing party's transparency carrier side of joining LC) the wavelength dispersion characteristic and with complex refractive index (the Δ n of the polarizer of the above-mentioned Polarizer side of joining RF1) the little liquid crystal of wavelength dispersion characteristic, therefore obtained the more superior display characteristic of high-contrast.
The present invention who is being used for addressing the above problem, the reflecting body that is provided is the reflecting body that forms a plurality of recesses with reflective on the surface of matrix material, and it is characterized by: these each recesses have the 1st following longitudinal profile and the 2nd longitudinal profile by the deepest point of each recess.
(a) shape of inner face be by from a periphery of recess to the 1st curve of deepest point be connected with the 1st curve and the 2nd curve from the deepest point of recess to another periphery constitutes and the 1st curve with respect to the average absolute at the pitch angle of substrate surface the 1st big longitudinal profile of average absolute with respect to the pitch angle of substrate surface than the 2nd curve
(b) and inner face vertical with the 1st longitudinal profile is shaped as by shallow type curve with in the shallow type curve of ratio of the both sides of shallow type curve the 2nd longitudinal profile that constitutes of the dark type curve of small curvature radius more.
The longitudinal profile that is provided with which direction of special qualification in this instructions is as the 1st longitudinal profile, preferably from observer's angle see about, or the longitudinal profile of fore-and-aft direction is as the 1st longitudinal profile.
This reflecting body is formed by curved surface (concave surface) owing to formed a plurality of recesses and these recesses with reflective on the surface of matrix material, so also have the light diffusing that inhibition is mirrored when guaranteeing to enlarge bright indication range.
In addition, the interior shape of these recesses is by being that the 1st curve and the 2nd curve on boundary constitutes with the deepest point in the 1st longitudinal profile, and the 1st curve forms the big curve of the average absolute at the pitch angle of substrate surface than the 2nd curve the average absolute at the pitch angle of substrate surface.That is, the pitch angle of the 1st curve is relatively steep and rake ratio the 2nd curve relaxes and the 2nd curve one side is longer than the 1st curve.
Therefore, many by the light ratio of the 2nd curve periphery reflection by the light of the 1st curve periphery reflection.That is, to the normal reflection direction beam reflected density height of the 2nd curve peripheral surface.Therefore, if each the 1st direction of curve of each recess is focused on specific direction, then can increase the reflection strength of the specific direction of reflecting body integral body.
Moreover the interior shape of this recess is by being formed by shallow type curve and the dark type curve with small curvature radius in the both sides of shallow type curve on the 2nd longitudinal profile vertical with the 1st longitudinal profile, so can improve the reflectivity that aligns reflection direction.In addition, preferably dark type curve is evenly distributed in the both sides of shallow type curve.
Consequently, the comprehensive reflection characteristic as on the 1st longitudinal profile has reflection peak in addition on the normal reflection angle, has also increased towards the reflectivity with the direction of penetrating of the 2nd curve peripheral surface.Can have, promptly guarantee the reflected light of normal reflection direction fully, suitably concentrate catoptrical reflection characteristic in specific direction again.
In the present invention, above-mentioned a plurality of recess preferably consistent and each the 1st curve of the direction in each the 1st longitudinal profile and the 2nd longitudinal profile dispose towards a direction.That is, the 1st curve of each recess disposes towards a direction, and the 2nd curve of each recess is also towards a direction configuration.
Therefore, as reflecting body integral body, increased by the reflectivity of the 2nd curve peripheral surface reflection direction.That is, has the reflection of light characteristic that suitably to concentrate towards the reflection of specific direction.
Among the present invention, above-mentioned the 1st curve and the 2nd curve are preferably zero to the pitch angle of the substrate surface that interconnects the position.In addition, at the inclination angle of the 1st curve is negative, the inclination angle of the 2nd curve is timing, the inclination angle of the 1st curve from minus value side gradually near zero, the inclination angle of the 2nd curve from the occasion of side gradually near zero, best the 1st curve in position and either party inclination angle of the 2nd curve that connect at both all are zero.
With this, can gently form recess inner face integral body, can avoid reducing the volume reflection of normal reflection direction.
Be preferably in and be irregularly formed above-mentioned a plurality of concave depth in 0.1 μ m～3 mu m ranges.
Concave depth less than 0.1 μ m, then the effect at random of light is insufficient.Surpass 3 μ m, be used to then to realize that the thickness of the matrix material of this degree of depth can be excessive, to make and product all unfavorable.Be irregularly formed a plurality of concave depth and can prevent what generation rule ground from causing when forming recess easily, with the interference of light is the not ear striped of cause, and relaxed the concentrating of the reflection light quantity peak value of certain viewing angles, made the variation of the reflection light quantity in the visual field become mild.
Above-mentioned a plurality of recess, configuration brokenly preferably adjoins each other.The interval of recess is at a distance of excessive, then just become the plane between recess and the recess, so can increase plane reflection, just can not obtain abundant diffuse effect in limited image field, so recess preferably is formed adjacent to each other.In addition, can produce not ear striped because of arranging recess regularly, so preferably dispose recess brokenly.
The present invention also provides the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device that is provided with above-mentioned any reflecting body.Each the 1st longitudinal profile of particularly above-mentioned its above-mentioned a plurality of recesses of reflecting body and the direction in the 2nd longitudinal profile are identical, and each the 1st curve forms towards the single direction orientation, and preferably the 1st curve of each recess of this reflecting body is located at from observer's angle and sees the more top that is positioned at the 2nd curve.
So, if the 1st curve of whole recesses is located at the more top of seeing from the observer that is positioned at the 2nd curve, usually, the normal direction that can make the outer light that mainly comes from top incident etc. more be partial to substrate material surface to observer underfooting direction is offset.
In addition, the outer light that mainly comes from top incident because of looking from the observer etc. is incident on the face of the 2nd curve periphery effectively, so increased all reflection light quantities.
In addition, by the reflection of the shallow type curve from the 2nd longitudinal profile, also can fully guarantee the light quantity of normal reflection direction.
Therefore, the light quantity that reflects to observer's direction of visual lines, the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of having realized bright image on practical viewpoint have been increased.
The present invention also provides a kind of reflecting body, it is characterized by: have reflectance peak in addition on the normal reflection angle to substrate material surface, the integrated value of the reflectivity of the reflection angle scope littler than normal reflection angle is different with the integrated value of the reflectivity of the reflection angle scope bigger than normal reflection angle.
According to reflecting body of the present invention, when the direction skew of observer's normal visual angle and normal reflection, promptly can guarantee the reflected light of normal reflection direction, also can be at this normal view directions emphasis ground reflected light.
Reflection-type liquid-crystal display device provided by the invention, it is characterized in that: be provided with on normal reflection angle, have reflectance peak to substrate material surface, the different reflecting body of integrated value of integrated value and the reflectivity of the reflection angle scope bigger of the reflectivity of the reflection angle scope littler simultaneously than normal reflection angle than normal reflection angle, and the big reflection angle scope of the integrated value of the above-mentioned reflectivity of this reflecting body is located at the observer looks, towards to the top on the normal reflection angle of substrate material surface.
According to the present invention, usually can mainly from the outer light of top incident etc. to than observer underfooting direction more towards normal direction skew to substrate material surface.
Therefore, for example realized increasing when using as light quantity from the display device of mobile phone or notebook computer to the reflection of observer's direction of visual lines, the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of bright image is arranged on practical viewpoint.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view that possesses display part one embodiment that the portable information of reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of the present invention do not hold.
Fig. 2 is that reflective liquid crystal of the present invention shows that dress is applicable to the sectional view of first embodiment of STN type reflection-type liquid-crystal display device.
Fig. 3 is the exploded stereographic map of the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of the 1st embodiment.
Fig. 4 be slow phase axle β, the 2nd polarizer of Polarizer absorption axes (d), the 1st polarizer of the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of the 1st embodiment slow phase axle γ, go up the orientation direction a of oriented film, the configuration relation floor map of the orientation direction b of oriented film down.
Fig. 5 is the reflecting body stereographic map that possesses the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of the 1st embodiment.
Fig. 6 is other the routine stereographic map of reflecting body that possesses the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of the 1st embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the reflectivity synoptic diagram of light from the liquid crystal indicator of 15 embodiments of degree during incidents.
Fig. 8 is the contrast of LCD degree synoptic diagram of light from 15 embodiments of degree during incidents.
Fig. 9 is the reflectivity synoptic diagram of the liquid crystal indicator of the comparative example from the incidents of light 15 degree the time.
Figure 10 is the contrast of LCD degree synoptic diagram of the comparative example from the incidents of light 15 degree the time.
Figure 11 is the reflecting body partial perspective view of the 2nd embodiment.
Figure 12 is the stereographic map of the 2nd embodiment-recess.
Figure 13 is the sectional view in the 1st longitudinal profile of above-mentioned recess.
Figure 14 is the sectional view in the 2nd longitudinal profile of above-mentioned recess.
Figure 15 is the reflection characteristic key diagram of the reflecting body of the 2nd embodiment.
Figure 16 is the curve map of acceptance angle and reflectivity relation.
Figure 17 is the rhythmo structure sectional view of the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of the 2nd embodiment.
Figure 18 is the user mode key diagram of the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of embodiment.
Figure 19 represents that reflection-type liquid-crystal display device summary in the past constitutes sectional view.
Figure 20 is the reflecting plate example perspective view that expression possesses reflection-type liquid-crystal display device in the past.
Figure 21 is the stereographic map of the reflecting body example of expression present inventor research.
Figure 22 is the incident angle of light and the key diagram of reflection angle.Symbol description
1---liquid crystal cells, 11---upside glass substrate (the opposing party's transparency carrier), 12---downside glass substrate (side's transparency carrier), 14---the 1st polarizer (with the polarizer of the opposing party's transparency carrier adjacency), 15---the 2nd polarizer (with the polarizer of Polarizer adjacency), 17---Polarizer, 23---common electrode (transparency electrode), 24---segmented electrode (transparency electrode), 26---go up oriented film (oriented film of the opposing party's transparent substrate side), 27---following oriented film (oriented film of side's transparent substrate side), 30,40---reflecting body, 34---liquid crystal layer, 35---the reflection reisn base material, 35a---male and fomale(M﹠F), 36---metallic reflective coating, 36a, 40a---male and fomale(M﹠F), 37---clear adhesive, 101---reflection-type liquid-crystal display device, a---orientation direction, b---orientation direction, α---absorption axes (polarizing axis), β---phase delay axle, γ---phase delay axle, O---point of crossing, X---normal direction, 101---reflecting body, 102---matrix material, 103,103a, 103b, 103c---recess, 110---the reflection side substrate, A---the 1st curve, B---the 2nd curve, F, G---dark type curve.
Embodiment
[the 1st embodiment]
Below, describe an embodiment of the present invention in detail.
Fig. 1 has liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is applicable to that the portable information of reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of the embodiment of STN type reflection-type liquid-crystal display device do not hold the front view of the embodiment of display part.
The display part of the portable information terminal of the present embodiment has at least: framework 2 and be contained in the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 3 of the present embodiment in this framework 2.The reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 3 of this embodiment is a horizontal arrangement type.
The reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 3 of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, constituting of its summary: liquid crystal cells 1, set gradually the 1st polarizer (with the polarizer of the opposing party's transparency carrier) the 14, the 2nd polarizer (with the polarizer of Polarizer) 15 and Polarizer 17 from above-mentioned upside glass substrate 11 sides, be provided with reflecting body 30 at the exterior side of the downside glass substrate (side's transparency carrier) 12 of liquid crystal cells 1 in abutting connection with the side in abutting connection with the side at the exterior side of the upside glass substrate (the opposing party's transparency carrier) 11 of this liquid crystal cells 1.
Constituting of above-mentioned liquid crystal cells 1 its summary: clamping liquid crystal 34 relatively to upside and the inner face side of the downside glass substrate 12 of the glass substrate 11,12 of downside, common electrode (transparency electrode) 23, following oriented film (oriented film of side's transparent substrate side) 27 have been set gradually from downside glass substrate 12 sides, in the inner face side of upside glass substrate 11, set gradually segmented electrode (transparency electrode) 24, gone up coating 28, gone up the oriented film (oriented film 26 of the opposing party's transparent substrate side from upside glass substrate 11.
Above-mentioned oriented film the 26, the 27th up and down, the normal transparent oriented film that uses for example is the polyimide polymeric membrane of handling through friction.
In this embodiment as Fig. 3～shown in Figure 4, see from the light incident side of light with to the direction of counterclockwise commentaries on classics for+, with the direction to clockwise commentaries on classics be-time, the orientation direction of last oriented film 26 (friction direction) a, be about-35 °～-25 ° scope, preferably be made as-30 ° (+330 °).
In addition, in this embodiment as Fig. 3～shown in Figure 4, when see from the light incident side of light with turn to counterclockwise for+, with turn to clockwise into-time, the orientation direction of following oriented film 27 (friction direction) b is+25 °～+ 35 °, preferably is made as+30 °.
At this moment, the orientation direction b of the orientation direction a of above-mentioned oriented film 26 and following oriented film 27, as shown in Figure 4, when the light incident side of light is seen the direction of the angle of direction between above-mentioned orientation direction a, b and the  by the interior angle that makes with above-mentioned orientation direction a, b with the crossing O of above-mentioned orientation direction a, b as normal direction X.
In addition, among Fig. 3 symbols Z for respectively with liquid crystal cells the 1, the 1st and the 2nd polarizer 14,15, and the vertical direction of the face of the light incident side of Polarizer 17.
Above-mentioned liquid crystal layer 34 preferably has and reverses 240 ° to 250 ° helical structure at its thickness direction, it would be desirable and have the helical structure (torsion angle that constitutes the liquid crystal molecule of liquid crystal layer 34 is 240 °～250 °) that reverses 240 degree, its by: be located at upside and downside glass substrate 11, the oriented film up and down 26 of 12 inboard, 27 and these oriented films 26, the liquid crystal molecule formation that is nematic state at normal temperatures that 27 in accordance with regulations intervals are separated by and enclose in the field that the encapsulant (omitting diagram) that engages fences up, and this liquid crystal molecule uses is the liquid crystal of STN Super TN (STN) type.
As the liquid crystal that forms this liquid crystal layer 34, use be complex refractive index (the Δ n of this liquid crystal LC) the wavelength dispersion characteristic than complex refractive index (the Δ n of the 1st polarizer 14 RF1) the wavelength dispersion characteristic and complex refractive index (the Δ n of the 2nd polarizer 15 RF2) the little liquid crystal of wavelength dispersion characteristic, so obtained higher, the superior display characteristic of contrast.Constitute the Δ n of the liquid crystal of liquid crystal layer 34 LCThe wavelength dispersion characteristic, can change because of the change of liquid crystal material itself.In addition, the Δ n of the 1st and the 2nd polarizer 14,15 RF1, Δ n RF2The wavelength dispersion characteristic can change because of the change of the material of polarizer.
Above-mentioned last coating 28 is used to guarantee insulativity and establishes, so by silicon dioxide or zirconium dioxide ZrO 2Constitute etc. inorganic material.
Above-mentioned upside glass substrate 11 in the present embodiment, is to be made of soda-lime glass etc. according to the employed material difference of different types of liquid crystal indicator.The thickness of this upside glass substrate 11 also is according to the kind of different liquid crystal indicators and difference, but it is desirable in 0.3 to 1.1mm scope.
As downside glass substrate (Party B's transparency carrier) 12,, in the present embodiment, be that the soda-lime glass etc. by the alkali metal oxide that contains sodium etc. constitutes though be according to the employed material difference of different types of liquid crystal indicator.The thickness of this upside glass substrate 12 also is according to the kind of different liquid crystal indicators and difference, but it is desirable in 0.3 to 1.1mm scope.
The effect of above-mentioned reflecting body 30 is when incident light is reflected and makes its diffusion, is used to enlarge the visual angle.
This reflecting body 30 is that the reflecting body that forms male and fomale(M﹠F) 35a from the teeth outwards is a reflecting surface with the reflecting body and this male and fomale(M﹠F) 36a that form the metallic reflective coating 36 with the male and fomale(M﹠F) 36a that matches with male and fomale(M﹠F) 35a outer shape on the reisn base material.
As the material that forms metallic reflective coating 36, can if other material also has good reflectivity, also can suitably be suitable for certainly with aluminum or aluminum alloy or with silver or silver alloy.
The male and fomale(M﹠F) 36a of this metallic reflective coating 36, for example shown in Figure 5, be a plurality of cingulum sulcuses 46 that cambered cross-section is shaped as same R (radius-of-curvature) and is connected with to same direction extension ..., and not produce interference fringe and change its groove width brokenly in order to make from the reflected light of these cingulum sulcuses 46.Above-mentioned R if surpass 100 μ m then cingulum sulcus can be found out and can be reduced the display quality of liquid crystal indicator significantly, so be preferably in below the 100 μ m.In addition, when R is the following numerical value of visible light instruction, during promptly less than 0.4 μ m, owing to can not get effective reflection characteristic, best R is more than 0.4 μ m.
This reflecting body 30 is that metal film 36 is attached on the downside substrate 12 of liquid crystal cells 1 towards the clear adhesive 37 that downside glass substrate (side's transparency carrier) 12 sides, usefulness contain the formations such as epoxy based material of fluorine.
Birefraction (the Δ n of above-mentioned liquid crystal cells 1 LC) and delay (the Δ nd of the product of liquid crystal cells 1 thickness d LC) be worth, be set at the scope (measuring wavelength 589nm) of 600nm～800nm.Δ nd LCIn the time of beyond above-mentioned scope, then show deepening in vain, and contrast can reduce.
In addition, above-mentioned Δ nd LCIdeal range be 690nm～705nm, better is is set in 700nm, this moment is from obtaining high-contrast, obtaining good white black demonstration aspect and consider more satisfactory.
The the above-mentioned the 1st and the 2nd polarizer 14,15 is to be become by the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) of 1 or 2 extension or the thin web of polycarbonate, and its bearing of trend is slow axle mutually.
The Δ nd of the 1st polarizer 14 RF1Be set at the scope (measuring wavelength 589nm) of 100nm～200nm.Δ nd RF1If outside above-mentioned scope, then can not get high-contrast or bright white demonstration.Above-mentioned Δ nd RF1It would be desirable and be set at 169nm.
In addition, the phase delay axle β of the 1st polarizer 14, as Fig. 3～shown in Figure 4, the angle ( of its above-mentioned relatively normal direction X RF1) be set in from light incident side and see counterclockwise commentaries on classics+60 °～100 °.Phase delay axle β then not can not get high-contrast or bright white demonstration if be not located in the above-mentioned scope.Angle (the  of the above-mentioned relatively normal direction X of above-mentioned phase delay axle β RF1) be located at from light incident side and see that 82 ° of counterclockwise commentaries on classics can obtain good white black demonstration the under the high-contrast.
The Δ nd of the 2nd polarizer 15 RF2Be set at the scope interior (measuring wavelength 589nm) of 300～500nm.Δ nd RF2If outside above-mentioned scope, then can not get high-contrast or good white black the demonstration.Δ nd preferably RF2It is more satisfactory to be located at 425nm.In addition, the phase delay axle γ of the 2nd polarizer 15, as Fig. 3～shown in Figure 4, the angle ( of its relative normal direction X RF2) be set in from the light incident direction and see counterclockwise commentaries on classics+90 °～+ 140 °.Phase delay axle γ then can not get high-contrast or bright white demonstration if be not set in the above-mentioned scope.The angle ( of the above-mentioned relatively normal direction X of phase delay axle γ RF2) be located at from the light incident direction and see counterclockwise commentaries on classics+113 degree, then can obtain the good white black ideal effect that shows under the high-contrast.
In addition, the 1st polarizer 14 its be arranged on the Nz coefficient shown in the above-mentioned formula (1) within-0.5～2.0 the scope, the 2nd polarizer 15 its be arranged on the Nz coefficient shown in the above-mentioned formula (1) within-0.5～2.0 the scope, so enlarged liquid crystal indicator 3 display surface 5 in the good scope of contrast of direction up and down, therefore, can obtain the superior viewing angle characteristic at wide visual angle of the direction up and down of display surface 105.
In addition, it is set as 0.5 with the Nx coefficient shown in the above-mentioned formula (1) the 1st polarizer 14, it is set as 0.3 with the Nx coefficient shown in the above-mentioned formula (1) the 2nd polarizer 15, then further enlarged the good scope of contrast on the direction up and down of display surface, therefore, can obtain the result that the visual angle of direction up and down of display surface is wideer, have more superior viewing angle characteristic.
Above-mentioned Polarizer 17, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the angle ( of its above-mentioned relatively normal direction X Pol) be set in from light incident side see to counterclockwise commentaries on classics+20 degree～+ 70 degree or+110～+ 160 degree scopes within.
The absorption axes α of Polarizer 17 then can not get good white black demonstration the under the high-contrast if be not set in the above-mentioned scope.Angle (the  of its above-mentioned relatively normal directions X of this absorption axes α Pol) be set at from light incident side and see to counterclockwise commentaries on classics 42.5 degree, so can obtain high-contrast or the good white black effect that shows.
In the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of the present embodiment, reflecting body 30 its structures of exterior side that are located at the downside glass substrate 12 of liquid crystal cells 1 are: the reflecting body by having formed male and fomale(M﹠F) 35a on the surface is with forming the metallic reflective coating 36 with the male and fomale(M﹠F) 36a that coincide with the outer shape of male and fomale(M﹠F) 35a on the reisn base material 35, therefore compares with the reflecting plate that forms male and fomale(M﹠F) with sandblast on the liquid crystal indicator that is contained in the past to have improved reflectivity, can obtain the wide bright display surface in visual angle.
In the liquid crystal indicator of present embodiment owing to possess the superior reflecting body of above-mentioned reflectivity 30, so even Polarizer is not set, only the structure of Polarizer is set at the exterior side of the upside glass substrate 11 of liquid crystal cells 1 between liquid crystal cells one side's transparent basic and reflecting body, promptly, the structure of having only a slice Polarizer, also can improve the reflectivity (transmitance) under the bright show state (white show state), so it is bright that bright demonstration becomes, consequently, improve contrast, obtained superior display characteristic.With liquid crystal indicator of present embodiment so, even only a slice polarisation template that Polarizer is set in side's side of liquid crystal cells 1 also can obtain above-mentioned superior display characteristic, therefore, compare with liquid crystal indicator in the past, can reduce cost at two polarisation templates that dispose Polarizer up and down of liquid crystal cells.
In addition, because the liquid crystal indicator of the present embodiment is the arranged outside reflecting body 30 at liquid crystal cells 1, and when being contained in reflecting body 30 on the liquid crystal cells 1, can be bonding at normal temperatures, so can make liquid crystal cells and reflecting body respectively, being installed in behind the reflecting body on this liquid crystal cells 1, when making reflecting body 30, can not apply thermal stress to liquid crystal cells 1, the chemicals of while when making reflecting body 30 etc. can be stained with on the liquid crystal cells 1, so can prevent the deterioration of liquid crystal cells.
In addition, in the liquid crystal indicator of the present embodiment, the Δ nd of the angle by liquid crystal layer 34 is reversed at its thickness direction, the liquid crystal of liquid crystal layer 34 LC, the 1st polarizer 14 the angle ( of above-mentioned relatively normal direction X of slow phase axle β RF1), the Δ nd of the 1st polarizer 14 RF, the 2nd polarizer 15 the angle ( of above-mentioned relatively normal direction X of slow phase axle γ RF2), the Δ nd of the 2nd polarizer 15 RF2, Polarizer 17 the angle ( of above-mentioned relatively normal direction X of polarizing axis α Pol) all be set within the above-mentioned desirable scope, and obtained the effect that white demonstration (bright demonstration) is brighter, contrast is higher.
In addition, by the Nz coefficient settings shown in the above-mentioned formula (1) of the 1st, the 2nd polarizer 14,15 within above-mentioned desirable scope, enlarged display surface up and down the good contrast of direction scope, therefore enlarged display surface up and down direction the visual angle, obtained more superior viewing angle characteristic.
In addition, in the liquid crystal indicator of the present embodiment, what illustrate is as reflecting body 30, use is connected with a plurality of cingulum sulcuses 46 that cambered cross-section is shaped as identical R (radius-of-curvature) and extends to same direction, and the situation of metallic reflective coating 36 with male and fomale(M﹠F) 36a of these cingulum sulcus 46 groove widths of conversion brokenly, but for example, as shown in Figure 6, also can use and have a plurality of cingulum sulcuses 46 that the cambered cross-section of being connected with is shaped as identical R and extends to same direction ... and along this cingulum sulcus 46 of crisscross formation ... for do not take place because of the catoptrical interference fringe of coming out from these grooves the cingulum sulcus 46 of above-mentioned intersection ... width of each cingulum sulcus that extends to same direction do the reflecting body 40 of metallic reflective coating 36 of the male and fomale(M﹠F) 40a of irregular variation, the liquid crystal indicator that possesses the reflecting body 40 that male and fomale(M﹠F) 40a like this is arranged, especially from the cingulum sulcus 46 that intersects ... the wide ranges that relates to of the reflection of light direction of the vertical direction incident of all directions, so the higher display surface that can obtain becoming clear of reflection efficiency.
In addition, in the liquid crystal indicator of the present embodiment, explanation be that display surface is laterally long situation, but also can be vertically long display surface.
In addition, explanation be the situation that between last oriented film 26 and segmented electrode 24, scribbles coating 28, but neither coating 28 to be set, suitably be provided with according to the kind of liquid crystal indicator and desired characteristic.
In addition, in the liquid crystal indicator of present embodiment, what illustrate is the liquid crystal indicator of white black display type, but also can between common electrode 23 and downside glass substrate 12, color filter be set as reflection type color liquid crystal display, at this moment, between common electrode 23 and color filter, preferably be provided for making the 1st sheathcoat of the concavo-convex planarization that produces because of color filter.
In addition, in the present embodiment, what illustrate is reflection-type liquid-crystal display device, but also can use the reflecting body that constitutes by the translucent resin material with reisn base material 35, and the thickness that makes metallic reflective coating 36 is within the scope of 80 ～50 and the semi-penetration type liquid crystal indicator of making.The light source of grade backlight is set in the lower side of reflecting body 30 at this moment.
[the 2nd embodiment]
Figure 11 is the 2nd embodiment synoptic diagram that is applicable to the reflecting body of the illustrated liquid crystal indicator in front 3.As shown in figure 11, the reflecting body 101 of present embodiment is on the surperficial S of the flat matrix material 102 that for example is made of aluminium (reference field), be irregularly formed recess 103a, 103b, the 103c that adjoin each other with reflective ... (below, the blanket recess 103 that is called).
These recesses 103 ... the interior shape that it is detailed such as Figure 12～shown in Figure 14.Figure 12 is that stereographic map, Figure 13 of recess 103 is that sectional view, the Figure 14 of the recess 103 on the X of longitudinal profile is the sectional view of the longitudinal profile Y vertical with longitudinal profile X.
As shown in figure 13, the interior shape of the longitudinal profile X of recess 103 be by from a periphery S1 of recess to the 1st curve A of deepest point D be connected with the 1st curve A and the 2nd curve B from deepest point D to another periphery S2 constitutes.On Figure 13 to the 1st curve A of bottom right with to the 2nd upper right curve B, all be zero at the pitch angle of deepest point D, and gently link together mutually the surperficial S of matrix material 102.
The pitch angle to substrate material surface S of the 1st curve A is steeper than the pitch angle of the 2nd curve B, and deepest point D is positioned at from the position of recess 103 center O to the directions X skew.That is, the average absolute to the pitch angle of substrate material surface S of the 1st curve A is bigger than the average absolute to the pitch angle of substrate material surface S of the 2nd curve B.Recess 103a, 103b, 103c ... the average absolute at pitch angle of relative substrate material surface S of the 1st curve A at random brokenly within 2～90 ° of scopes.And recess 103a, 103b, 103c ... the average absolute at pitch angle of relative substrate material surface S of the 2nd curve B at random brokenly within 1～89 ° of scope.
On the other hand, as shown in figure 14, the interior shape of the longitudinal profile Y of recess 103 is that its deepest point D periphery is that radius-of-curvature is big,, is close to the shallow type curve E of straight line that is to the center of recess 103 left-right symmetric basically.In addition, shallow type curve E about be little dark type curve F, G of radius-of-curvature.Recess 103a, 103b, 103c ... shallow type curve E to the absolute value at the pitch angle of substrate material surface S entirely below 10 °.In addition, recess 103a, 103b, 103c ... dark type curve F, G also at random brokenly in 2～90 ° scope for example to the absolute value at the pitch angle of substrate material surface S.
In addition, the distance of deepest point D and substrate material surface S is the depth d that forms recess 103, and this depth d is with regard to recess 103a, 103b, 103c ... at random brokenly respectively being set within 0.1 μ m～3 mu m ranges.
In the present embodiment, recess 103a, 103b, 103c ... each section X all be unidirectional.Equally, recess 3a, 3b, 3c ... each section Y also all be unidirectional.In addition, each the 1st curve A also forms the orientation of single direction.That is, even any recess 103a, 103b, 103c, its directions X as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 all is in same direction, and the directions X of each recess and Y direction also can have the skew about 2 °～10 ° in being provided with the scope of obstruction certainly.
In the reflecting body 1 of the present embodiment, because each the 1st curve A has formed the orientation of single direction, so its reflection characteristic as shown in figure 15, has from the some skews with respect to the normal reflection direction of substrate material surface S.
That is, as shown in figure 15, with respect to from the reflected light K of the incident light J of the oblique upper of directions X than normal reflection direction K 0The direction of more being partial to the normal H direction of substrate material surface S has been offset bright indication range.
In addition, on the 2nd longitudinal profile Y vertical with the 1st longitudinal profile X owing to formed big shallow type curve E and little dark type curve F, the G of the radius-of-curvature in shallow type curve both sides of each radius-of-curvature, so can improve reflectivity for the normal reflection direction of substrate material surface S.
Its result as the comprehensive reflection characteristic on the 1st longitudinal profile, has the peak value of reflectivity as shown in figure 16 on normal reflection angle (be about 30 ° this moment), also increased the reflectivity of the direction that face reflected of the 2nd curve B periphery simultaneously.Promptly can obtain, promptly fully guarantee the reflected light of normal reflection direction, can suitably concentrate catoptrical desirable reflection characteristic at specific direction again.
Promptly, Figure 16 be to the display surface of the reflection unit 1 of the present embodiment with 30 ° of outer light of incident angles irradiation, with respect to 30 ° of the normal reflection direction of display surface (substrate material surface) be the center from vertical line (normal) position (0 °) acceptance angle (θ °) when 60 ° are swung acceptance angles and the graph of a relation of brightness (reflectivity).In Figure 16, the acceptance angle of reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of the reflecting body that the present inventor proposed in the past and the relation of reflectivity have also been represented to use as a comparative example with dome shape recess.
As indicated in Figure 16, for the almost impartial tapered reflectivity of semicircle shown in comparative example is in about 15 °～45 ° scope of acceptance angle, the reflecting body of the present embodiment is with respect to the peak value that has reflectivity on 30 ° of the positive and negative firing angle of substrate material surface S, in addition, bigger than integrated value greater than the reflectivity of the reflection angle scope in the scope of positive and negative firing angle less than the integrated value of the reflectivity in the reflection angle scope of 30 ° of positive and negative firing angles.That is, promptly can guarantee the brightness of normal reflection direction in other words, can be near the normal in the visual field of 20 ° of front and back of angle again, and side obtains brighter desirable brightness.
The manufacture method of the reflecting body 101 of this embodiment does not have special qualification, for example can be with following manufacture method.
At first, making has the drift (drilling tool) that the shape that makes above-mentioned recess becomes the front end shape of convex surface, the front end subtend aluminum substrate material of this drift, keep certain drift to the orientation direction of aluminum substrate material, and change brokenly and dash the stroke of carving, change brokenly simultaneously to dash and carve the Zone Full that the compartment of terrain dashes the regulation of carving the aluminum substrate material.Being adjusted within the scope of recess depths defined towards carving stroke.Irregularly change is regulated to dash and is carved at interval in order to avoid send out ripple.
Figure 17 is the rhythmo structure sectional view of reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 100 that the reflecting body 101 of the present embodiment is housed.
This reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 100 shown in Figure 17 is that the reflection side substrate 110 relative configurations by the demonstration side group plate 120 of the light transmission of clamping liquid crystal layer 130 and reflective form.The lateral surface that shows side group plate 120 is a display surface, assembling reflecting body 101 on reverse side substrate 110.
Reflection side substrate 110 is from lower floor's lamination successively: glass substrate 111, reflecting body 101, transparent sandwich 113, color-filter lens layer 114, transparent levelling blanket 115, the transparency electrode 116 and the oriented layer 117 that constitute by ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) film or SnO 2 thin film etc., and also the demonstration side group plate 120 towards the configuration of display surface side of clamping liquid crystal layer 130 is from liquid crystal layer 130 sides lamination successively: transparency electrode 123, glass substrate 124 and the polarizer 14,15 and the Polarizer 17 of oriented layer 121, insulation course 122, ITO film or SnO 2 thin film etc.In addition, in the present embodiment, described polarizer 14,15 and Polarizer are identical with Polarizer 17 with the polarizer 14,15 of above-mentioned the 1st embodiment.That is delay (the Δ nd of polarizer 14,15, RF1, Δ nd RF2) being Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 and the relation that illustrates previously, the slow phase axle β of Polarizer 17 also is preceding relation of plane.Simultaneously in the structure of the 2nd embodiment, the delay of liquid crystal cells (Δ Tnd LC) identical with the torsion angle of friction direction and the liquid crystal also situation with the liquid crystal cells 1 of the 1st embodiment of front.
In addition, the transparency electrode 116 of clamping liquid crystal layer 130 and transparency electrode 123 have constituted it and have formed orthogonal striated, and with the liquid-crystal apparatus of its intersection area as the simple matrix type of picture element.
In the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 100 of this embodiment, its center dant 103a, 103b, 103c ... the 1st curve A than the 2nd curve B that tilt to relax more to the directions X side load onto reflecting body 101.Therefore, be upside with this directions X, be used for the demonstration of literal etc.
Figure 18 represents so key diagram of the user mode of liquid crystal indicator 100.The 1st curve A and the 2nd curve B of only representing reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 100 in Figure 18 are for convenience of description omitted the diagram of other component parts.
So reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 100 (is seen directions X upwards from observer's side) up and is assembled on mobile phone or the notebook computer.As shown in figure 18, common going up at this moment remains on reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 100 with the direction of directions X as the relative surface level inclination of oblique upper.That is, in use, the 1st curve A of its each recess be arranged on from the observer see than the 2nd curve B more the top the position.Therefore, the observer can normally look down this reflection-type liquid-crystal display device 100 from the oblique upper of level.
At this moment, mainly being reflected by the face of the 2nd curve B periphery from the reflected light K based on the outer light (incident light J) of the incident of top, shown in the explanation of Fig. 5, is to be difficult to reflection and to normal reflection direction K to observer's underfooting direction (tiltedly downside).The reflection of the direction that more goes up (oblique upper side) emphasis ground.
Therefore, observer's common range of observation is consistent with bright indication range, can realize show state extremely bright in the practicality.
Moreover, the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of embodiment as shown in figure 17, be that layering has formed reflecting body 101 and transparency electrode 116, if but form transparency electrode 116 itself and transparency electrode 116 be formed at the position of the reflecting body 1 of Figure 17 according to reflecting body 101, transparency electrode can doublely be done reflex, and the layer of reflection-type liquid-crystal display device is simplified the structure.At this moment, because reflecting body 101 must need electric conductivity, so preferably make by the conductive metal film of Al or Ag etc.
In addition, if above-mentioned reflecting body is made and is configured in the back side of liquid crystal board and can obtain as illuminatian plate with the matrix material of the translucent half reflection of for example half-mirror, if when outer bright position, can be used as reflection-type, when outer light deepening, light the liquid crystal indicator of the semi-transparent semi-reflection-type that above-mentioned illuminatian plate can use as light-transmission type.Use the metallic film of front under this occasion, suitably the attenuate metal film can easily make its translucentization, for example with the aluminium-vapour deposition film its thickness is got final product within the scope of 50～500 .Therefore, the liquid crystal indicator that also comprises semi-transparent reflection-type in the present invention.
In addition, if in the display surface side of above-mentioned demonstration side group plate 20 front lighting is set, light outside can obtaining only to utilize when outer bright position is lighted the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of the front lighting type of above-mentioned front lighting when outer light deepening.Therefore, the liquid crystal indicator of this front lighting type is also contained among the present invention.
In addition, there is no particular limitation for liquid crystal drive mode of the present invention, except above-mentioned simple matrix type, driving applicable to the active array type or the segmented electrode that use thin film transistor or thin film diode too.Any one of these liquid crystal indicators is included within the present invention.
[embodiment]
Below, further specify the present invention according to embodiment and comparative example, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
(experimental example 1)
Investigated as the display characteristic in the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of the embodiment of Fig. 1～shown in Figure 5.
Constitute the oriented film up and down of this liquid crystal cells, usefulness be PSI-2501 (trade name; The ChissoCorporation system) and carried out the directional process that the liquid crystal torsion angle is 240 degree.The angle that above-mentioned normal direction X-shaped is become as the orientation direction a of the last oriented film of this moment from the light incident side of light be seen as+330 degree (30 degree), the orientation direction b of oriented film angle that above-mentioned normal direction X-shaped is become is seen as+30 spends from the light incident side of light down.What use as the liquid crystal of liquid crystal layer is AP-4365LF (trade name; Chisso Petrochemical Corporation system).What the 1st polarizer was used is NRZ-170 (ProductName; Nitto Denko Corp's system, material: polycarbonate), what the 2nd polarizer was used is NRZ-450 (ProductName; Nitto Denko Corp's system, material: polycarbonate), what Polarizer was used is NPF-SEG1425DU (ProductName; Nitto Denko Corp's system).
Reflecting body is: to acrylic acid series photoresist matrix material (reflecting body reisn base material) irradiation ultraviolet radiation that forms male and fomale(M﹠F) with the silicon mould with jog on the surface it is solidified and on this photoresist matrix material formation thickness be aluminium film about 150nm.The male and fomale(M﹠F) on the surface of this reflecting body is that as shown in Figure 5 cambered cross-section is shaped as same R radius-of-curvature and a plurality of cingulum sulcuses that are connected with that extend to same direction and make and do not produce interference fringe ground from the reflected light of these grooves and do not change these groove widths brokenly.
The Δ nd of liquid crystal cells LCThe Δ nd of (measuring wavelength 589nm), the 1st polarizer RF1, the 1st polarizer slow phase axle β to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X RF1), the Δ nd of the 2nd polarizer RF2, the 2nd polarizer slow phase axle γ to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X RF2), the absorption axes α of Polarizer is to the angle ( of normal direction directions X Pol) be set at the numerical value (sample No.1～17) shown in following table 1 respectively.
Display characteristic about the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of sample No.1～17 has been done following investigation.The series arrangement that the display characteristic of this moment is pressed light source, Polarizer, the 2nd polarizer, the 1st polarizer, liquid crystal cells, reflecting body, acceptance angle 0 degree be received in change-30 degree from the Z direction (normal direction) of Fig. 3～Fig. 4 for the direction that turn 90 degrees counterclockwise in the position angle directions during to the liquid crystal cells incident light to Z direction reflected light the time, Y (brightness) value and contrast under the white show state (applying voltage 2.20V) of standard black display mode (N/B) are judged.The evaluation criterion of this moment is: the Y value was that brightness is good greater than 40 o'clock, and contrast was that contrast is good greater than 50 o'clock.Its result is shown in following table 1～2.
[table 1]
Sample No. Liquid crystal layer The 1st polarizer The 2nd polarizer Polarizer ????Y Contrast
Δnd LC(nm) Δnd RF1(nm) RF1(°) Δnd RF2(nm) ???? RF2(°) ?? pol(°)
??1 ????630 ????175 ???80.0 ????330 ????122.0 ???62.0 ???40.71 ???77.2
??2 ????650 ????175 ???80.0 ????330 ????122.0 ???62.0 ???43.03 ???219.8
??3 ????670 ????175 ???80.0 ????340 ????120.0 ???54.0 ???44.71 ???53.2
??4 ????700 ????131 ???68.0 ????377 ????99.0 ???24.5 ???43.78 ???93.5
??5 ????720 ????140 ???70.0 ????410 ????100.0 ???25.0 ???46.44 ???111.3
??6 ????720 ????160 ???80.0 ????370 ????114.0 ???40.0 ???47.31 ???51.0
??7 ????720 ????180 ???90.0 ????330 ????130.0 ???65.0 ???47.17 ???59.2
??8 ????740 ????170 ???85.0 ????370 ????124.0 ???53.0 ???46.66 ??57.3
??9 ????760 ????170 ???75.0 ????450 ????105.0 ???34.0 ???47.10 ??64.4
??10 ????780 ????170 ???75.0 ????450 ????105.0 ???34.0 ???44.07 ??86.6
[table 2]
Sample No. Liquid crystal layer The 1st polarizer The 2nd polarizer Polarizer ????Y Contrast
Δnd LC(nm) Δnd RF1(nm) RF1(°) Δnd RF2(nm) ???? RF2(°) ?? pol(°)
??11 ????580 ????175 ???80.0 ????330 ?????122.0 ???62.0 ??41.2 ???8.3
??12 ????630 ????210 ???80.0 ????330 ?????122.0 ???62.0 ??38.4 ???9.1
??13 ????630 ????175 ???55.0 ????330 ?????122.0 ???62.0 ??46.3 ???1.8
??14 ????630 ????175 ???80.0 ????290 ?????122.0 ???62.0 ??31.0 ???32.4
??15 ????630 ????175 ???80.0 ????330 ?????145.0 ???62.0 ??43.5 ???1.2
??16 ????630 ????175 ???80.0 ????330 ?????122.0 ???15.0 ??47.4 ???1.6
??17 ????630 ????175 ???80.0 ????330 ?????122.0 ???75.0 ??44.2 ???5.5
As indicated in the result shown in above-mentioned table 1 and table 2, the Δ nd of liquid crystal cells LC, the 1st polarizer Δ nd RF1, the 1st polarizer slow phase axle β to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X RF1), the Δ nd of the 2nd polarizer RF2, the 2nd polarizer slow phase axle γ to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X RF2), the absorption axes α of Polarizer is to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X Pol) any one be not set in sample No.11～17 in the desirable scope, be in or the contrast less than 33 or the dark state of the Y value less than 39 of white show state.
To this, the Δ nd of liquid crystal cells LC, the 1st polarizer Δ nd RF1, the 1st polarizer slow phase axle β to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X RF1), the Δ nd of the 2nd polarizer RF2, the 2nd polarizer slow phase axle γ to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X RF2), the absorption axes α of Polarizer is to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X Pol) any one all be set in sample No.1～10 within the desirable scope, its contrast is all greater than 51, and the Y value of white show state for above 40 extremely bright, show to obtain that white demonstration is bright, the superior display characteristic of high-contrast.Sample No.2 and 5 has particularly obtained the bright and contrast of white demonstration and has surpassed high effect more than 110.If such liquid crystal indicator, when detecting by an unaided eye, what see is not that in the past liquid-crystal apparatus is such, and background color is that light green color or what are close to green color, and can see the white as blank sheet of paper.
(experimental example 2)
As embodiment the characteristic of the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of sample No.4 has been done following investigation.
The display characteristic of this moment, investigation be 330 degree at the position angle directions, change 15 degree reflectivity and the contrast of the light of light source (diameter 22mm, luminous flux 500 luxs) when liquid crystal cells is shone from the Z direction of Fig. 3 vertical direction of face of the light incident side of liquid crystal cells the 1, the 1st polarizer the 14, the 2nd polarizer 15 and Polarizer 17 (respectively with).Its result such as Fig. 7～shown in Figure 8.
The graph of a relation of angle (acceptance angle) and reflectivity is seen in observation when Fig. 7 is a light from the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of 15 degree irradiation embodiment, and Fig. 8 is from the viewing angle (acceptance angle) of 15 degree when the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device incident light of embodiment and the graph of a relation of contrast.
As a comparative example, investigated display characteristic as Figure 19 and reflection-type liquid-crystal display device in the past shown in Figure 20.
Reflection-type liquid-crystal display device liquid crystal as a comparative example, usefulness be AP-4268LA (trade name; Chisso Petrochemical Corporation system).In addition, the Δ nd of liquid crystal cells (the liquid crystal birefringence rate Δ n of liquid crystal layer and the product of thickness of liquid crystal layer d) is 860nm (measuring wavelength 589nm).As the 1st polarizer, usefulness be NRF-430 (trade name; Nitto Denko Corp's system, material: polycarbonate),, use NRF-430 (trade name: Nitto Denko Corp's system, material: polycarbonate) as the 2nd polarizer.Upside Polarizer (the 1st Polarizer) usefulness be NPF-EG-1225DU (trade name; Nitto Denko Corp's system).Downside Polarizer (the 2nd Polarizer) usefulness be NPF-EG-1225DU (trade name; Nitto Denko Corp's system).Reflector is used is to form male and fomale(M﹠F) with blasting treatment on the resin film surface, and is aluminium film about 26～28nm (the full light transmission degree (T)=10% of aluminium film) forming thickness with vapour deposition method on this male and fomale(M﹠F).What other material was used is the same material that uses with the foregoing description.
In addition, the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of this comparative example is set at: the Δ nd of liquid crystal cells is 860nm, the 1st polarizer delay being 430nm, the slow phase axle of the 1st polarizer counterclockwise changes 70 degree to the angle of above-mentioned normal direction X for seeing from the light incident side of light, delaying of the 2nd polarizer is 430, the slow phase axle of the 2nd polarizer is spent for see counterclockwise commentaries on classics 25 from the light incident side of light the angle of above-mentioned normal direction X, the absorption axes of the 1st Polarizer (upside Polarizer) and the angle of above-mentioned normal direction counterclockwise commentaries on classics 5 degree for looking from the light incident side of light, the absorption axes of the 2nd Polarizer (downside Polarizer) is spent for see counterclockwise commentaries on classics 5 from the light incident side of light the angle of above-mentioned normal direction.
Then, the same with the foregoing description, investigation when spending incident lights with the relation of reflectivity and with 15 with the viewing angle (acceptance angle) of 15 degree during incident lights viewing angle and the relation between the contrast.Its result such as Fig. 9～shown in Figure 10.
Fig. 9 is the graph of a relation of viewing angle (acceptance angle) and reflectivity from the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of 15 degree irradiation comparative examples the time, and Figure 10 is the graph of a relation of viewing angle (acceptance angle) and contrast when shining the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of comparative example from 15 degree.
Comparison diagram 7 and result shown in Figure 9, the scope of the high reflectance under the bright show state of the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of embodiment is wideer than the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of comparative example.Particularly when its viewing angle is 0 °～12 ° and 16 °～34 °, the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of the embodiment reflectivity than the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of comparative example significantly is many.
In addition, comparison diagram 8 and result shown in Figure 10, the scope that the contrast of the reflective liquid crystal device display surface of embodiment is big is wideer than comparative example significantly.Particularly when viewing angle is 0 °～10 ° and 18 °～46 °, the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of embodiment is significantly than the contrast height of the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of comparative example, therefore, reflection-type liquid-crystal display device according to embodiment, the wide display surface in visual angle can be obtained, and the visual angle interdependence can be improved significantly.
As mentioned above, according to liquid crystal indicator of the present invention, be used in the surface and form the reflecting body of the reflecting body of male and fomale(M﹠F) with the above-mentioned side's transparency carrier exterior side that is located at above-mentioned liquid crystal cells of the method manufacturing that forms metallic reflective coating on the reisn base material with the male and fomale(M﹠F) that coincide with the outer shape of above-mentioned male and fomale(M﹠F), compare with the reflecting plate that liquid crystal indicator possessed in the past with sandblast formation male and fomale(M﹠F), improve reflectivity, obtained the wide bright display surface in the visual field.
On liquid crystal indicator of the present invention owing to possessed the superior reflecting body of above-mentioned reflectivity, even so between side's transparency carrier of liquid crystal cells and reflecting body, do not establish Polarizer, only the structure of Polarizer, the i.e. structure of 1 Polarizer are set at the exterior side of the opposing party's transparency carrier of liquid crystal cells, also can improve the reflectivity under bright show state, make bright demonstration become bright, consequently improved contrast, obtained superior display characteristic.In liquid crystal indicator so of the present invention, even only a slice polarisation template that Polarizer is set in a side of liquid crystal cells also can obtain above-mentioned superior display characteristic, so, and compare at two polarisation templates of the upper and lower sides of liquid crystal cells configuration Polarizer, can reduce cost.
In addition, liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is that reflecting body is located at the liquid crystal cells outside, and when fitted with reflectors on liquid crystal cells, can paste at normal temperatures, so can make liquid crystal cells and reflecting body respectively, and then be assembled on this liquid crystal cells, the chemicals that can not apply thermal stress to liquid crystal cells like this when making reflecting body, uses when making reflecting body simultaneously etc. can be stained with on the liquid crystal cells yet, so can prevent the liquid crystal cells deterioration.
In addition, the Δ nd of liquid crystal indicator of the present invention, the particularly liquid crystal of the angle that above-mentioned liquid crystal layer is reversed at its thickness direction, above-mentioned liquid crystal layer LC, with the angle ( to above-mentioned normal direction X of above-mentioned the opposing party's transparency carrier in abutting connection with the slow β of axle mutually of the polarizer of side RF1), the Δ nd of this polarizer RF, with the angle ( to above-mentioned normal direction X of above-mentioned Polarizer in abutting connection with the slow γ of axle mutually of the polarizer of side RF2), the Δ nd of this polarizer RF2, above-mentioned Polarizer the angle ( of polarizing axis α to above-mentioned normal direction X Pol) all be set in the above-mentioned desirable scope, and obtained the display device that white demonstration is brighter, contrast is higher.
In addition, all being located in the desirable scope in abutting connection with the polarizer of side with above-mentioned Polarizer each Nz coefficient in abutting connection with the polarizer of side with above-mentioned the opposing party's transparency carrier, with the good scope of contrast on the direction up and down that has enlarged display surface, therefore, enlarged the direction up and down of display surface the visual angle, obtained the more superior liquid crystal indicator of viewing angle characteristic.
In addition, in the liquid crystal indicator that possesses the reflecting body relevant with the present invention, form a plurality of recesses with reflective on the surface of matrix material, its each recess is the interior shape in mutually perpendicular the 1st longitudinal profile of tool and the 2nd longitudinal profile, its the 1st longitudinal profile is made of with the 2nd curve from the recess deepest point to another periphery that is connected with the 1st curve the 1st curve from recess one periphery to deepest point, the 1st curve bigger than the average absolute to the pitch angle of substrate material surface of the 2nd curve to the average absolute at the pitch angle of substrate material surface, and the 2nd longitudinal profile is formed by shallow type curve and the little dark type curve of the shallow type curve curvature radius of ratio in the both sides of shallow type curve, therefore have with the incident light diffuse reflection and in wide angular field of view and suppress the light diffusing mirrored, can increase the reflection light quantity in the common angular field of view of observer simultaneously.
The reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of the present invention that uses reflecting body of the present invention is the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device that has a kind ofly suppressed to mirror, improved especially significantly during simultaneously from specific view display surface visibility in wide angular field of view.

Claims (14)

1. liquid crystal indicator; It is characterized in that: be provided with at the inner face side of side's transparency carrier of the relative transparency carrier of clamping liquid crystal layer and transparency electrode and the oriented film that sets gradually from this side transparency carrier; And the reflector pasted with adhesive linkage of the exterior side of the one side transparency carrier of the liquid crystal cells of the transparency electrode that sets gradually in this transparent substrate side of the inner face side of the opposing party's transparency carrier and oriented film; Two polarizers that set gradually from above-mentioned the opposing party's transparent substrate side at the exterior side of an above-mentioned other side's transparency carrier and Polarizer
Above-mentioned reflecting body is that the reflecting body that forms male and fomale(M﹠F) on the surface forms the reflecting body of the metallic reflective coating with the male and female face that coincide with the outer shape of above-mentioned male and fomale(M﹠F) on reisn base material, and above-mentioned metallic reflective coating is assemblied in this reflecting body on the liquid crystal cells towards an above-mentioned side's transparent substrate side ground.
2. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at the side's transparency carrier that constitutes above-mentioned liquid crystal cells be located between the transparency electrode of its inner face side and be provided with color filter.
3. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned liquid crystal layer have on its thickness direction, reverse 240 the degree～250 the degree helical structures and delay (the Δ nd of above-mentioned liquid crystal cells LC) be 600～800nm,
The direction of the orientation direction b of the oriented film of the orientation direction a of the oriented film of above-mentioned the opposing party's transparent substrate side and an above-mentioned side's transparent substrate side angle of the  of the direction between above-mentioned orientation direction a, b and the interior angle that become with above-mentioned orientation direction a, b by the point of crossing O with above-mentioned orientation direction a, b when the light incident side of light is seen is during as normal direction X
Delay (Δ nd with the polarizer of above-mentioned the opposing party's transparency carrier adjacency RF1) be 100nm～200nm, and the phase delay axle β of this polarizer is to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction RF1) see that from the light incident side of light being set at counterclockwise commentaries on classics 60 degree～100 spends,
Delay (Δ nd with the polarizer of above-mentioned Polarizer adjacency RF2) be set at 300nm～500nm, and the angle ( of the phase delay axle γ of this polarizer and above-mentioned normal direction X RF2) see that from the light incident side of light being set at counterclockwise commentaries on classics 90～140 spends,
The absorption axes α of above-mentioned Polarizer is to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X Pol) see that from the light incident side of light being set at counterclockwise commentaries on classics 20 degree～70 degree or 110 spends～160 degree.
4. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned liquid crystal layer have its thickness direction reverse 240 the degree helical structures and delay (the Δ nd of above-mentioned liquid crystal cells LC) be 700nm,
The  angle direction of the orientation direction b of the oriented film of the orientation direction a of the oriented film of above-mentioned the opposing party's transparent substrate side and an above-mentioned side's the transparent substrate side direction between above-mentioned orientation direction a, b and interior angle of being made by point of crossing O and above-mentioned orientation direction a, b of above-mentioned orientation direction a, b when the light incident side of light is seen is during as normal direction X
Delay (Δ nd with the polarizer of above-mentioned the opposing party's transparency carrier adjacency RF1) be set at 169nm, and the phase delay axle β of this polarizer is to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X RF1) be set at from the light incident side of light and see counterclockwise commentaries on classics 82 degree,
Delay (Δ nd with the polarizer of above-mentioned Polarizer adjacency RF2) be set at 425nm, and the phase delay axle γ of this polarizer is to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X RF2) be set at from the light incident side of light and see counterclockwise commentaries on classics 113 degree,
The absorption axes α of above-mentioned Polarizer is to the angle ( of above-mentioned normal direction X Po1) be set at from the light incident side of light and see counterclockwise commentaries on classics 42.5 degree.
5. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
With the polarizer of above-mentioned other side's transparency carrier adjacency with the Nz coefficient settings of following formula (1) expression within-0.5～2.0 scopes, with the polarizer of above-mentioned Polarizer adjacency with the Nz coefficient settings of following formula (1) expression within-0.5～2.0 scope.
Nz=(nx-nz)/(nx-Nz) ... formula (1)
(in the formula, nx is that refractive index, the ny of the X-direction of polarizer is the refractive index of the Y direction of polarizer, and nz is the refractive index of the Z-direction of polarizer.)
6. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
With the polarizer of above-mentioned other side's transparency carrier adjacency with the Nz coefficient settings of following formula (1) expression be 0.5, the Nz coefficient settings represented with following formula (1) with the polarizer of above-mentioned Polarizer adjacency is 0.3.
7. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned reflecting body is the reflecting body that forms a plurality of recesses with reflective on the surface of matrix material, and its each recess has following the 1st longitudinal profile and the 2nd longitudinal profile by each recess deepest point,
Its interior shape of above-mentioned the 1st longitudinal profile is made of with the 2nd curve from the deepest point of recess to another periphery that is connected with the 1st curve the 1st curve from recess one periphery to deepest point and the 1st curve bigger than the average absolute to the pitch angle of substrate material surface of the 2nd curve to the average absolute at the inclination angle of substrate material surface
And above-mentioned the 2nd longitudinal profile is vertical with the 1st longitudinal profile, and the shape of its inner face is made of shallow deltoid and the little dark type curve of the shallow type curve curvature radius of the ratio in shallow deltoid both sides.
8. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 7 is characterized in that:
The direction in above-mentioned a plurality of recess its each the 1st longitudinal profile and the 2nd longitudinal profile is identical, and directionally forms each the 1st curve to single direction.
9. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 7 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned the 1st curve and the 2nd curve pitch angle to substrate material surface on interconnective position is zero.
10. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
In being the scope of 0.1 μ m～3 μ m, the degree of depth irregularly forms above-mentioned a plurality of recess.
11. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Mutual irregular in abutting connection with the above-mentioned a plurality of recesses of ground configuration.
12. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 7 is characterized in that:
The single direction ground that is orientated of identical and each the 1st curve of the direction in each of above-mentioned a plurality of recesses the 1st longitudinal profile and the 2nd longitudinal profile forms above-mentioned reflecting body, and the 1st curve on each recess of this reflecting body is set to the top that is positioned at the 2nd curve of looking from the observer.
13. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 7 is characterized in that:
The peak value that reflectivity is arranged in the normal reflection angle to substrate material surface, in addition, the integrated value of the reflectivity of the reflection angle scope littler than normal reflection angle is different with the integrated value of the reflectivity of the reflection angle scope bigger than normal reflection angle.
14. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
The big reflection angle scope of the integrated value of the above-mentioned reflectivity of above-mentioned reflecting body is arranged on from the more top of observer's read fortune for the normal reflection angle of substrate material surface.
CNB021265658A 2001-07-27 2002-07-24 Liquid crystal device Expired - Fee Related CN1184518C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001228657A JP2003091002A (en) 2001-07-12 2001-07-27 Liquid crystal display device
JP2001228657 2001-07-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1400493A true CN1400493A (en) 2003-03-05
CN1184518C CN1184518C (en) 2005-01-12

Family

ID=19061131

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB021265658A Expired - Fee Related CN1184518C (en) 2001-07-27 2002-07-24 Liquid crystal device

Country Status (2)

Country Link
KR (1) KR100576273B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1184518C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108603972A (en) * 2016-02-03 2018-09-28 Jxtg能源株式会社 The manufacturing method of optical phase difference component, the composite optical member for having optical phase difference component and optical phase difference component

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000098385A (en) * 1998-09-25 2000-04-07 Alps Electric Co Ltd Reflection type liquid crystal display device
JP2000298274A (en) * 1999-04-13 2000-10-24 Alps Electric Co Ltd Reflection-type liquid crystal display device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108603972A (en) * 2016-02-03 2018-09-28 Jxtg能源株式会社 The manufacturing method of optical phase difference component, the composite optical member for having optical phase difference component and optical phase difference component
CN108603972B (en) * 2016-02-03 2020-11-24 Jxtg能源株式会社 Optical retardation member, composite optical member provided with optical retardation member, and method for producing optical retardation member

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20030011618A (en) 2003-02-11
KR100576273B1 (en) 2006-05-04
CN1184518C (en) 2005-01-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1184517C (en) Liquid crystal device
CN1200309C (en) Semipermeable reflection type LCD device
CN1156731C (en) Display device, electronics device using it and light guide used for display device
CN1249498C (en) Reflection display device and optical prism arrangement thin sheet
CN1156732C (en) LCD, electronic device and substrate of LCD
CN1189777C (en) Liquid crystal display unit with improved visual angle characteristic and portable electronic equipment using it
CN1120385C (en) Reflective liquid crystal display device
CN2687708Y (en) Liquid crystal display device and electronic apparatus
CN1159616C (en) Reflection-type liquid crystal display device
TW584769B (en) Liquid crystal display having reflector outside liquid crystal cell
CN2711770Y (en) LCD and electronic equipment
CN1293406C (en) Liquid crystal display
CN1163784C (en) Reflecting liquid crystal display device
CN1882858A (en) Circular polarization plate, vertically-aligned liquid crystal display panel and manufacturing method thereof
CN1053302A (en) Liquid crystal indicator
CN1721941A (en) Anti-glare polarizing film laminate and liquid display device using the same
CN1274143A (en) Liquid crystal displaying component, back reflecting mechanism and liquid crystal displaying device adopting same
CN1152279C (en) Reflection-type liquid crystal indicator element
CN1128383C (en) Reflection liquid crystal display element
CN1247326A (en) Reflecting liquid crystal displaying components
CN1904698A (en) Polarization compensation film, display panel assembly having the same and its making method
CN1797129A (en) Liquid crystal display device
CN1145829C (en) Reflection-type liqud crystal display element
CN1184518C (en) Liquid crystal device
CN1266527C (en) Reflected light component and its manufacturing method and display device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C19 Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee