CN1396138A - Fast anchor type inorganic viscose grouting matenial and its preparing process - Google Patents
Fast anchor type inorganic viscose grouting matenial and its preparing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1396138A CN1396138A CN 02138777 CN02138777A CN1396138A CN 1396138 A CN1396138 A CN 1396138A CN 02138777 CN02138777 CN 02138777 CN 02138777 A CN02138777 A CN 02138777A CN 1396138 A CN1396138 A CN 1396138A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
- C04B28/065—Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/20—Retarders
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/40—Surface-active agents, dispersants
- C04B2103/408—Dispersants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
An adhesive inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod or prestressed anchor rope is prepared from thioaluminate cement and silicate cement as main components) blanding with fine gypsum, anti-cracking agent, disperser, and setting retarder through uniformly mixing, on using, it is mixed with proper amount of water to form a slurry for pouring. Its advantages are high self-compacting performance, high strength and bonding, and no poison and environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of anchoring bond pouring material and preparation technology thereof, carries out anchor bolt grouting material and the preparation technology thereof of quick anchoring construction mainly as the binding material of anchor pole, prestress anchorage cable.
Background technology uses anchorage technology to start from the world the twenties in 20th century in Geotechnical Engineering. Facts have proved in a large number that both at home and abroad anchorage technology is for earth's surface, underground various large, medium and small type rock-reinforcing engineering, really a kind of efficient, economic reinforcement measure. In recent years, along with going deep into of ground anchorage theoretical research, anchorage technology has obtained developing rapidly and has used widely, almost touch each corner in the fields such as civil construction, water conservancy and hydropower, such as aspects such as the reinforcement of the suspension roof support of the underground engineerings such as mine working, Tunnel Engineering and underground chamber and bridge strengthening of foundation, the reinforcing of firm, the large-scale arc door of high gradient slope gate pier, stabilization of dam foundation and various existing structures and reinforcings. The development of anchorage technology, make anchorage style more and more, the various ways such as mechanical type anchoring, bonded anchoring, friction-type anchoring, prestress anchoraging are arranged at present, wherein to use the shared ratio of bonded anchoring maximum, the bonded anchoring material that uses in the present engineering of China mainly contains cement mortar, quick-hardening cement powder stick and resin explosive roll three types.
The cement mortar anchoring material is take Portland cement as main material, mixes in case of necessity a certain amount of additive, such as early strength agent, water reducer, set retarder, swelling agent with anti-ly secrete agent etc. Be characterized in adopting the slip casting method construction, cost is low, but its early strength is low, can not in time produce cohesive force and bond stress, also is difficult to provide enough pulling capacities even be mixed with the cement mortar of the additives such as early strength agent, water reducer in 3～6 hours. Simultaneously, temperature is larger to ordinary cement hydration reaction rate, and construction quality is difficult for guaranteeing. In general, the conventional cement mortar anchor pole need to through satisfying the withdrawal resistance requirement of design more than 7 days, have a strong impact on the construction speed of next process. During conventional cement mortar slip casting, the impact of the ratio of mud is very large, and the ratio of mud is too small, and the property annotated is poor, and also easily plugging affects the carrying out of slip casting operation; The ratio of mud is excessive, and after the body of rod inserted, mortar is outward trickling easily, and mortar is not full in the hole, affects anchoring effect. Also cause easily mortar cavity, slurry leakiness during anchor rod with cement mortar slip casting, early strong intensity is low, anchor force provides slowly, generally can not apply prestressed problem.
The powder stick formula anchoring material that the quick-hardening cement powder stick generally is fast solidifying, fast hard, early strong, the microdilatancy of having of adding early strength agent or add in Portland cement that accelerator, swelling agent etc. make in fluoroaluminate cement, quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement, the initial stage anchor force is large, it both can be used for end anchorage, also can be used for the bonding-type full-length anchoring. Fast hard general 1～3 hour compression strength of powder stick of Portland cement is 4～20MPa, 1 day compression strength 25～35MPa, and the general 0.5～1h compression strength of quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement powder stick is 20～25MPa, more than the 2h compression strength 30MPa. These two kinds of general presetting periods of quick-hardening cement powder stick, final set was less than 10min less than 5min, and 0.5～1h anchor force is according to the unusual 40～120KN that reaches in rock stratum, and the pulling capacity of 1d generally can surpass the pull-off force of anchor rod body. In use still there is some problems in the quick-hardening cement powder stick, and such as its complex structure, manufacture craft requires high; Diameter needs to have made to order according to on-the-spot needs; Cost of manufacture is higher, the problems such as transportation, storage inconvenience. Require cement and water to mix during use, the ratio of mud is suitable, therefore very strict to the control of powder stick soaking time, because when the cement-roll soaking time surpasses the cement final setting time, cement-roll can generate heat, hardening, can only scrap, at the bottom of so the powder stick after the immersion should be immediately sent into the hole with the body of rod, any delay can not be arranged, and rockbolt installation also requires mechanical continuous stirring, so the installation of quick-hardening cement powder stick anchor pole exists, and operable time is short, poor operability, require very strict to construction and management, in case a certain link is made mistakes, not only anchoring was lost efficacy, and destroyed hole and waste powder stick.
Resin explosive roll is with compositions such as unsaturated polyester resin and curing agent, be characterized in hardening time short (by tens seconds to a few minutes), gain in strength fast (half an hour compression strength can reach 28d intensity 65%～96%), intensity is high, and (final compression strength reaches 60～120MPa), therefore can in time provide support capacity, because its cost is high, so general only as end anchorage. The same comparison with cement-roll of resin explosive roll is complicated, the stirring facility of installing resin anchor rod need be with rotary roof-bolter or pneumatic stirrer, to push away rapidly anchor pole hand-hole position and resin and curing agent stirred, the construction environment temperature and humidity is large on resin solidification speed and anchoring effect impact, also exist poisonously, the storage life is long easily lost efficacy, easy aging problem.
For this reason, provide a kind of can be the mortar depositing construction of anchor rod with cement mortar the easy and high advantages of quick-hardening cement (resin) powder stick anchor pole initial stage anchor force, can adopt slip casting method to carry out convenient construction, the inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod that can produce again larger early strength is particularly necessary.
Summary of the invention the objective of the invention is for existing anchor rod with cement mortar, quick-hardening cement powder stick anchor pole and the existing problem and shortage of resin explosive roll anchor pole, aim to provide a kind ofly fill with, fast hard, early strength increases fast after the sclerosis, 1 day, later strength height, microdilatancy, water-fast, good endurance, easy construction, cheap makes anchor pole or anchor cable that inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod fast, that carrying is fast, safe and reliable is installed.
The implementation of the object of the invention is, a kind of inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod, it is characterized in that it is is key component by sulphate aluminium cement and portland cement, mix the even powder that an amount of fine gypsum, antimitotic agent, dispersant, set retarder mix in mixer jointly, the weight proportion % scope of each composition is:
Sulphate aluminium cement: 60%～85% portland cement: 10%～30%
Gypsum: 1.5%～5% antimitotic agent: 1.5%～5%
Dispersant: 0.6%～1.6% set retarder: 0%～0.6% wherein:
Antimitotic agent is alumite plumping agent, UEA swelling agent or lime swelling agent,
Dispersant is naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensation compound series high-efficiency water-reducing agent pulvis, melamine resin pulvis or sulfonation ancient marlon resin pulvis,
Set retarder is boric acid, borax, tartaric acid, citric acid or calcium lignosulfonate.
A kind of production technology of inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod is, with weight proportion be: 60%～85% sulphate aluminium cement, 10%～30% portland cement, 1.5%～5% fine gypsum, 1.5%～5% antimitotic agent, 0.6%～1.6% dispersant, 0%～0.6% set retarder powder are in adding first the large material of ratio, after add the little material of ratio feeding sequence join in mixer or the ball mill, at normal temperatures and pressures, mix 10min～30min, to even, its fineness is: the 0.08mm square hole screen tails over and is not more than 10%, and Blain specific surface is not less than 325m2/kg。
Sulphate aluminium cement of the present invention is fast hard sulfate cement, fast hard iron aluminate cement, expansion sulphate aluminium cement or expansion ferrous aluminate cement, requires label to be not less than No. 425. Sulphate aluminium cement is mainly the intensity that inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod provides early stage adhesive property and sclerosis initial stage, and generally its volume is many, and the setting and harden time is short, and the sclerosis early strength produces fast.
Portland cement is Portland cement or neat portland cement, and the desired strength grade is not less than 42.5MPa. The Ca (OH) that silicate cement hydration produces2For the aquation of sulphate aluminium cement provides alkaline environment, can accelerate the latter's aquation process, so the effect of portland cement is not only later strength is provided, the more important thing is the generation that can add the rapid hardening early strength. The portland cement volume not only affects setting time, and also to intensity, particularly early strength produces material impact. Along with the portland cement volume increases, be to shorten the setting and harden time at the beginning, 3～6h strength increase, after its volume was increased to a certain degree, the increase of portland cement volume was condensed and is prolonged, 3～6h strength decreased. This is clearly visible from table 1. The relative volume with portland cement of table 1 sulphate aluminium cement is on condense impact with strength character of inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod
(adopting 525 quick hardening sulphoaluminate cements and 42.5 Portland cements)
| Volume (%) | Setting time (min) | Compression strength (MPa) | |||
| Sulphate aluminium cement | Portland cement | Initial set | Final set | 3h | 6h |
| 90 | 10 | 85 | 110 | 14.5 | 26.3 |
| 75 | 25 | 50 | 75 | 21.2 | 45.8 |
| 60 | 40 | 40 | 60 | 18.8 | 38.5 |
| 50 | 50 | 20 | 30 | 15.6 | 31.6 |
| 25 | 75 | 35 | 50 | 6.0 | 12.1 |
| 15 | 85 | 125 | 170 | 2.5 | 6.9 |
Mix relative populations and the expansion character of gypsum major effect hydrated product, namely intensity and crack resistance are produced to a certain degree impact.
The Main Function that adds antimitotic agent is the contraction of compensation inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod hardenite, prevents cracking.
Dispersant comprises naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensation compound series high-efficiency water-reducing agent pulvis (the home products code name has UNF, NNO, FDN, NF, build 1, JN, ZB-1, AF, SN etc.), melamine resin pulvis (code name SM), sulfonation ancient marlon resin pulvis (code name CRS) etc. The effect that adds dispersant is the fluidity that improves inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod, reduces the pouring material ratio of water to material, improves pouring material uniformity and slurry pore structure, thereby improves concrete castability and the intensity of pouring material.
The set retarder volume is used for regulating the setting and harden time of pouring material, thereby satisfies pouring construction and requirement of strength according to the actual needs admixture of engineering. General volume is larger, and it is longer to condense, and the sclerosis early strength is lower, and later stage intensity increases to some extent.
Each component raw material of the present invention all can buy from manufacturer or market.
The construction method of inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod and ordinary cement slurries or grouting rock bolt are similar. Ratio of water to material is 0.29～0.32 during use, and cement-sand ratio is 1: (0～0.8), adopt mortar mixer to stir, mixing time is no less than 2min, and grouting equipment is identical with ordinary cement slurries or cement mortar.
The present invention carries out quick anchoring construction mainly as the binding material of anchor pole, prestress anchorage cable, anchor rod anchored, the bolt-spary supports and the planting reinforced bar into concrete that comprise the Geotechnical Engineering in the fields such as water power, mine, building, national defence are reinforced, and the construction of concrete works rush repair etc. This inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod and the bond-anchorage materials such as traditional cement mortar and quick-hardening cement powder stick, resin explosive roll relatively, major advantage shows:
(1) slurry condense front gravity flow, not bleeding, can pour into hand-hole, self-compacting ability is good, setting time is adjustable between 1 hour to 4 hours, easy to use, quick construction, grasps easily.
(2) produce immediately intensity after the slurry sclerosis, 1 day intensity and intermediary and later stages intensity are high, solved existing cement-roll because of improve early strength lose in, the problem of rear intensity, and hardenite has a certain amount of microdilatancy, improved the cohesive force of hardenite and anchor rod body, hole wall, made that rockbolt installation is fast, carrying is fast, withdrawal resistance is high. 3h compression strength is greater than 20MPa, and 6h compression strength is greater than 35MPa; 1d compression strength is greater than 50MPa, and 28d compression strength is greater than 60MPa. The withdrawal resistance of 3h～6h is greater than 80KN, and the pulling capacity behind the 1d can surpass the pull-off force of anchor rod body basically.
(3) because tiny, the good fluidity of serous granule, fixed ability are strong, therefore good penetrability under certain grouting pressure can play the effect of fixed fragmented rock body or consolidating stratum simultaneously.
(4) hardenite is under lower temperature (such as 10～15 ℃), and strength development is influenced little, is particularly suitable for constructing under cavern's lower temperature.
(5) manufacture of materials preparation technology is simple, nontoxic, harmless, and is free from environmental pollution, is easy to store, transport, and integrated cost is lower than the quick-hardening cement powder stick, and is more lower than resin explosive roll.
The specific embodiment sees Table 2 take 525 label quick hardening sulphoaluminate cements, 42.5 strength grade Portland cements, levigate dihydrate gypsum, UEA-I swelling agent, FDN high concentration and high efficiency water reducer, boric acid as the specific embodiment that raw material prepare this inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod.
The weight proportion embodiment of table 2 inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod
Production technology and parameter are: various raw material are by after the accurate weighing of predetermined ratio, in add first the large material of ratio, after add the little material of ratio feeding sequence add successively a VSH-0.5m3Carry out mix and blend in the type cantilever double helix cone-type mixer, mix 20min and namely obtain uniform product.
Table 3 lists 5#Proportion specimen and 8#Proportion specimen Main physical mechanics performance determining result.
Table 3 inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod Main physical mechanical property result
| Performance indications | Sample 5# | Sample 8# | ||||||
| Ratio of water to material | 0.31 | 0.30 | ||||||
| From mobility (mm) | 320 | 305 | ||||||
| Unit weight (kg/m3) | 1895 | 1987 | ||||||
| Setting time (min) | Initial set | Final set | Initial set | Final set | ||||
| 55 | 80 | 175 | 210 | |||||
| Can fill with the time (min) | 30～35 | 90～100 | ||||||
| Compression strength (MPa) | 3h | 6h | 1d | 28d | 3h | 6h | 1d | 28d |
| 25.3 | 41.8 | 54.0 | 66.3 | / | 40.6 | 57.9 | 70.3 | |
| Rupture strength (MPa) | 3h | 6h | 1d | 28d | 3h | 6h | 1d | 28d |
| 4.6 | 6.1 | 8.3 | 10.6 | / | 5.6 | 9.1 | 11.3 | |
| Anti-pulling of anchor bar (KN) | The laboratory anchor rod experiment | 3h | 1d | The building-site anchor rod experiment | 6h | 1d | ||
| φ 20 screw-thread steels, aperture 48mm, hole depth 500mm, rock stratum C30 concrete. | 80～ 97.7 | 180～break | φ 28 screw-thread steels, aperture 52mm, hole depth 5m, Grades of Surrounding Rock II level. | ＞85 | ＞124 | |||
| Linear expansivity (%) | 1d | 3d | 1d | 3d | ||||
| 0.14 | 0.32 | 0.22 | 0.35 | |||||
As can be seen from Table 3: of the present invention 5#Proportion specimen can be filled with time 30min～35min setting time between 55min～80min, this provides the relatively more sufficient time for site operation, can avoid stifled pump plugging. In addition, its self drainage and cohesiveness are fine, therefore can accelerate injection speed, improve the adhesive property of slurries and hole wall and reinforcing bar. Experimental result shows that its compression strength can reach 25MPa behind perfusion hand-hole 3h, and the 3h withdrawal resistance is greater than 80MPa, and most of reinforcing bars are broken during the 24h resistance to plucking, and minimum withdrawal resistance also reaches 180KN. Therefore, from results of property, 5#The prescription sample can satisfy the anchoring engineering of 3h resistance to plucking requirement.
With 5#Proportion specimen adds particle diameter less than the river sand of 2.5mm, carries out equally mechanical test and anchor rod experiment, cement-sand ratio 1: 0.50, the ratio of mud 0.32. Result of the test is: slightly prolong setting time, initial set 78min, and final set 115min, 3h compression strength is reduced to 15.4MPa, and 6h compression strength is reduced to 31.6MPa, and 1d and later strength impact are little, and 6h anti-pulling of anchor bar measurement result is more than the 125KN.
As can be seen from Table 3: 8#Proportion specimen is than 5#Proportion specimen has longer setting time and can fill with the time, therefore more is conducive to on-the-spot calm construction. Although 8#Proportion specimen 3h fails to produce intensity, but its 6h compression strength is very high, reaches more than the 40MPa. Carry out pilot production because anchor rod experiment is the access tunnel in a certain hydroelectric project, reach design withdrawal resistance (design load 120KN, 6h require to reach final withdrawal resistance 70%) and namely stop drawing. As can be seen from Table 3, the 6h withdrawal resistance more than the 1d withdrawal resistance 124MPa, can satisfy the requirement of 6h resistance to plucking fully more than 85MPa. Such result adopts in conventional cement mortar slip casting 3～7d and just may satisfy.
With 8#Proportion specimen adds particle diameter less than the river sand of 2.5mm, carries out equally mechanical test and on-the-spot anchor rod experiment, cement-sand ratio 1: 0.5, the ratio of mud 0.31. Experimental result is: the initial condensation time lengthening is to 190min, and final set extends to 240min, and 6h compression strength is 34.4MPa, and 1d and later strength impact are little, and the 6h withdrawal resistance reaches more than the 85MPa equally, meets design requirement.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod, it is characterized in that it is is key component by sulphate aluminium cement and portland cement, mix the even powder that an amount of fine gypsum, antimitotic agent, dispersant, set retarder mix in mixer jointly, the weight proportion scope of each composition is:
Sulphate aluminium cement: 60%～85% portland cement: 10%～30%
Gypsum: 1.5%～5% antimitotic agent: 1.5%～5%
Dispersant: 0.6%～1.6% set retarder: 0%～0.6% wherein:
Antimitotic agent is alumite plumping agent, UEA swelling agent or lime swelling agent,
Dispersant is naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensation compound series high-efficiency water-reducing agent pulvis, melamine resin pulvis or sulfonation ancient marlon resin pulvis,
Set retarder is boric acid, borax, tartaric acid, citric acid or calcium lignosulfonate.
2, pouring material according to claim 1 is characterized in that sulphate aluminium cement is fast hard sulfate cement, fast hard iron aluminate cement, expansion sulphate aluminium cement or expansion ferrous aluminate cement.
3, pouring material according to claim 1 is characterized in that portland cement is Portland cement or neat portland cement.
4, pouring material according to claim 1 is characterized in that gypsum is levigate natural dihydrate gypsum or anhydrite, and its specific area is not less than 300m2/ kg, sulfur trioxide content is not less than 35%.
5, a kind of production technology of inorganic pouring material for fast anchor rod, it is characterized in that with weight proportion being: 60%～85% sulphate aluminium cement, 10%～30% portland cement, 1.5%～5% fine gypsum, 1.5%～5% antimitotic agent, 0.6%～1.6% dispersant, 0%～0.6% set retarder powder are in adding first the large material of ratio, after add the little material of ratio feeding sequence join in mixer or the ball mill, at normal temperatures and pressures, mix 10min～30min, to even, its fineness is: the 0.08mm square hole screen tails over and is not more than 10%, and Blain specific surface is not less than 325m2/kg。
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2002
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