CN1393420A - Metal rubber concrete and its preparing process - Google Patents
Metal rubber concrete and its preparing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1393420A CN1393420A CN01113132A CN01113132A CN1393420A CN 1393420 A CN1393420 A CN 1393420A CN 01113132 A CN01113132 A CN 01113132A CN 01113132 A CN01113132 A CN 01113132A CN 1393420 A CN1393420 A CN 1393420A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
A metal-rubber concrete for building is prepared from metal material (0-90 wt%), used rubber and plastics (0-90), building coarse and fine aggregates (0-50), additive (0-10) and cementing material (50-60). Its advantages are high mechanical properties, good aseis mic performance and sound proofness, and light weight.
Description
The present invention relates to material and preparation method, be specifically related to a kind of metal rubber concrete and preparation method.
Available coagulation soil is made by cement, stone, sand, flyash etc. usually, and problems such as crack, sound insulation are poor, poor seismic behavior, body of wall weight, shock resistance difference appear in body of wall that builds up with this structural concrete or road surface regular meeting.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of existing concrete, walling unit, wallboard, utilize waste and scrap that a kind of new type of metal rubber concrete and goods are provided.
Novel metal rubber concrete disclosed by the invention is made up of metallic substance (A), waste rubber and plastics (B), coarse-fine aggregate for building (C), admixture (D) and gelling material (E), and their weight percent is: A:0～90%, B:0～90%, C:0～50%, D:0～10%, E:5～60%.
Metallic substance of the present invention is meant steel fiber, sponge, metallic particles or powder, reaches their mixture, and wherein steel fiber is meant made steel fiber and the steel rubber fibre of steel wire that extracts in steel fiber, Stainless Steel Fibre, copper fiber, aluminum fiber, iron fiber and the junked tire.Described steel rubber fibre is meant from junked tire to extract and makes to have a rule or irregularly shaped; The external packets of steel fiber one deck rubber, the diameter of steel fiber is between the 0.01mm-0.3mm, length is between the 0.3mm-80mm; Steel fiber in the steel rubber fibre can be divided between 5 one group, one to 50 one group.The main geometrical shape of steel fiber has: arc, waviness, volution, straight-bar shape, double-dealing end band crotch or slightly first-class, and its geometric parameter employing scope is length 8-50mm, equivalent diameter 0.3-0.6mm, length-to-diameter ratio 30-100; Also can be at diameter 0.02mm-2.8mm, length is between the 2mm-200mm.Sponge is meant steel silk floss, stainless steel silk floss, copper silk floss, iron silk floss etc., and the sponge shape is mainly based on winding-type, crush type, and winding-type, sponge specification are equivalent diameter 0.001mm-0.5mm, and the crush type specification is between 5 orders-200 order.Metallic particles or powder are meant comminuted steel shot, grain, Stainless Steel Powder, grain, and copper powder, grain, aluminium powder, grain, iron powder, grain etc., specification is between the 2-170 order.
Waste old of the present invention and plastics are meant powder or the particle that rubber powder that rubber powder that automobile-used old tire is made or rubber grain, other old rubber are made or rubber grain, nylon fiber, plastic waste and goods are made, and their mixture.Wherein said waste and old all types of plastic and goods thereof refer to by polyolefin plastics, vinyl plastics, acrylplastics (Acrylic), polymeric amide (nylon Nylon), the polyphenyl ether-ether, fluoroplastics, cellulosics (cellulose), polyether ester, aromatic heterocyclic polymer, waste or used plastics such as urethane are through reclaiming, clean, again with machine with 1. extrusion moulding 2. injection molding 3. calendering formation 4. the 5. Wrapping formed 6. transfer molding of compression molding 7. solid phase forming 8. pulverize a kind of of 8 kinds of methods such as moulding, the waste or used plastics that reclaims is made bulk and powder shape on demand, wherein the piece of block goods footpath is between the 2mm-100mm scope, and the specification of powder shape goods is between 2 orders-150 order.
Coarse-fine aggregate for building of the present invention is meant stone, sand, slag, aluminium slag and flyash, reaches their mixture.Wherein the particle diameter of stone is 3mm-25mm, and the grain of sand, slag, aluminium slag, powdery specification are between 3 orders-80 order, and wherein stone, sand silt content are＜10%, fineness of pulverized-coal ash 4900 holes/cm
2, porosity 60-75%, dry unit weight 550-650Kg/m
3, meet the JC409 standard.
Described admixture of the present invention is meant cement additive, the concrete admixture that meets the GB8076 standard.Wherein cement additive is slip thinner, mineralizer, heavy oil emulsive additive, grinding aid, and their mixture; Concrete admixture is water reducer, hardening accelerator, air, retardant, accelerating chemicals, superplasticizer, little agent, frostproofer and their mixture of freezing.
Gelling material of the present invention is meant various types of silicon acid salt cement, special cement, resene gelling material, inorganic coagulation material and organic acid gel material, reaches their mixture.Wherein the various types of silicon acid salt cement is respectively 325#, 425#, 525#, 625# and seven labels such as early-strength type 425R, 525R, 625R, also can be pulverized fuel ash cement, trass cement, slag cement; Special cement refers to white cement, colored cement, road cement, quick-hardening hih-strength cement, hydraulic engineering cement, expansive cement, oil well cement, special cements such as high temperature resistant cement, magnesia oxychloride cement, masonry cement, label is No. 325, No. 625, No. 800, No. 1000.The resene gelling material refers to: synvaren, epoxyn, synthetic rubber tackiness agent, polyurethane adhesive.Inorganic coagulation material refers to silicate, phosphoric acid salt, plumbous oxide, sulphur, cupric oxide phosphoric acid etc.The organic gel gel material is meant synthetic adhesive and so on, as by the physical aspect classification, glue (comprising solution, emulsion, solvent-free liquid), adhesive paste (pasty state), rubber powder, glue rod, glued membrane etc. is arranged.
Another object of the present invention is the preparation method who discloses above-mentioned metal rubber concrete.
The preparation method of metal rubber concrete disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of waste rubber powder raw material
With waste rubber cleaning → coarse crushing → remove steel → in small, broken bits → according to specific requirement fiber separation removal of impurities → sampling observation → finished product.
(2) preparation of metal rubber concrete
Respectively each raw material is mixed by prescription, make various intensity, metal rubber concrete that performance is different by requirement of engineering.Mix system through on-the-spot stirrer, directly be cast in required engineering,, also can be used for building block and directly shake molded as 1. after stirring, delivering to press apparatus as road surface, airstrip, dam, bridge, buildings etc.; 2. through being poured into mould after the vapor cure moulding; 3. by the moulding of kiln roast; Above-mentioned three kinds of methods all can produce the metal rubber concrete building block, can be used for the metal-rubber glue concrete product of the different shape of all kinds of metopes, ground, roofing.
A further object of the present invention is the application of open metal rubber concrete in construction work.
Metal rubber concrete disclosed by the invention can be used for various road surfaces, airfield runway, dam, bridge and buildings, is specially adapted to the use of protection against the tide, sound insulation, antidetonation, shock resistance building.
Can be made into various solid or hollow concrete segment shape building material mades such as its specification is: length 10mm-15000mm with metal rubber concrete of the present invention, width 10mm-5000mm, (thickness) 10mm-1000mm highly, the hollow rate of hollow concrete building block is 0-85%, the metal rubber concrete goods also can be irregular bulks, and its specification is that volume is at 0.001m
3-3m
3Between concrete product.
Metal rubber concrete of the present invention can be used for the building block and the concrete of various national standards, as GB8239-1997, GB/T11968-1997, GB/T5101-1998, GB/T7019-1997, GB13545-92, GB14040-93, JC/T238-91 (96), JC/T410-91 (96), JC/T422-91 (96), JC/T641-1996, JC860-2000, JC861-2000, JC862-2000,96SG612,96SG613 (1) (2), CG356, CECS38:92 etc.
Added steel fiber in the metal rubber concrete of the present invention, the results showed, compare with conventional concrete and cement products, make steel fiber random in uniform distribution in coagulation, has good physicals,, shock resistance big as splitting resistance extra-heavy, crooked toughness, fatigue resistance excellence, its tensile strength improves 50%-80%, bending strength improves 100%, saves concrete amount 20～30%.Steel wire in the damaged tire, treated steel fiber and the steel rubber fibre of becoming.
A large amount of nylon fibers also can become the lightweight additives in the materials for wall through plastics processing, granulation in the damaged tire.
It is 50-60% that scrap rubber accounts for whole tire content, separates micelle or the rubber powder that produces between 2 orders-150 order through producing.Find that after deliberation the micelle of certain particle size or rubber powder under certain proportioning of metal rubber concrete, can increase substantially concrete tensile strength, tear-resistant, wear-resisting, in light weight, be one of optimal material in the material.The whole nation has between ten thousand tons of the 130-150 junked tire and waste rubber scrap every year, brings certain trouble to Environmental Protection in China.Increasing junked tire has become a great problem of environmental protection, in order to effectively utilize junked tire and to economize on resources, through studies have shown that repeatedly for many years, the micelle of pulverizing through machining with waste old, rubber powder mix in the metal rubber concrete through proportioning reasonably, can make the metal rubber concrete weight can heavily can be light, can allocate by the requirement of engineering.After rubber grain, powder are incorporated into metal rubber concrete, bring into play the performance of self material fully, good springiness, intensity height, the good and endergonic characteristic of toughness.
Added the powder that waste or used plastics is made in the metal rubber concrete of the present invention, it has sandstone same effect in concrete, and toughness is better.
In normal concrete, when metal rubber concrete of the present invention is mixed (volume fraction) amount in the 1%-2% scope, tensile strength improves 25%-70%, bending strength improves 30%-90%, with direct double shear test, the slip resistance of being measured improves 30%-100%, and ultimate compression strength improves 0%-38%.
Metal rubber concrete is mainly made all kinds of block bearing building blocks and non-bearing building block and onsite concrete engineering with the water stirring, performance and specification are up to state standards, its steel fiber tensile strength reaches its Young's modulus of 1000-2000MPa and reaches 15.01-21.0 (* 10 through scientific experimentation
4MPa), limit elongation 3.0%-3.9%, ultimate compression strength reaches 7-50MPa, and bending-twisting reaches 2.7-48Nm, and Young's modulus reaches 31-33.8Gpa, ultimate bending strength 5.3-30MPa.
The present invention proves after deliberation, and with building product and the road surface that metal rubber concrete is made, having intensity height, deadweight can heavily can be light, good endurance, good advantages such as thermal and insulating performance.Material source is extensive, can avoid ruining the field and bake bricks and can consume the part industrial waste, and production energy consumption is lower, and is less to the pollution level of environment, and quality product is advantage such as control easily.Metal rubber concrete has attractive in appearance durable, use face is bigger, lathe turner's speed is very fast, building, cost and road surface cost and maintenance cost are low, be applicable to the building of national defence and security property, comprise building, bridge, each standard highway road surface, public works, the military civil engineering of radioprotective high-rise and large span, range of application is very extensive.
Metal rubber concrete of the present invention is a kind of novel material of construction, its performance is better than all kinds of concrete that use on the present engineering and blockwork material etc., it efficiently solves the normal various cracks that occur in present all kinds of concrete structure and the existing walling unit engineering, sound insulation is poor, anti-seismic performance is not enough, Heavy Weight, problems such as shock resistance deficiency, make China's building industry, Road construction has striden forward major step, it is the last qualitative leap of novel material science building history, its appearance means that the house of China can be more firm, life-span is longer, house overall quality complete upgrading, bridge, the road surface, airstrip, the antidetonation of dam, anti-folding, shock resistance improves greatly.Admittedly the time is fast, early strength is high owing to do, and improves and can save the engineering time performance, can remove in the future maintenance, maintenance number of times again from.The present invention can utilize the waste metal material in a large number, powder, waste and used rubber tyre, and waste or used plastics saves native environmental protection to country and has played positive effect, and the present invention will have wide practical use.
Example 1,
Steel fiber 60%, rubber powder 20%, ordinary Portland cement 525#13%, hardening accelerator 1%, sand 6%.Make holllow building block and add water through mechanical stirring, concrete block moulding machine vibration, extrusion molding, the demoulding then, quiet stopping, natural curing or artificial maintenance form finished product, and its ultimate compression strength reaches 30Mpa, Young's modulus reaches 33Gpa, and ultimate bending strength reaches 27mPa.And holllow building block weight is 915kg/m
3, its ultimate compression strength reaches 7.3Mpa.
Example 2,
Waste old grain 80%, ordinary Portland cement 425#15%, hardening accelerator 0.5%, sand 4.5% adds water and shakes molded or directly cast-in-place in concrete works through the mechanical stirring block machine, and natural curing or artificial maintenance form.Its ultimate compression strength reaches 25MPa, and Young's modulus reaches 33.8Gpa, and bending-twisting reaches 48Nm, and its ultimate bending strength reaches 30MPa, and holllow building block weight is 653kg/m
3, its ultimate compression strength reaches 20MPa.
Example 3,
Steel fiber 10%, waste old grain 20%, silicate cement 625#19%, hardening accelerator 1%, slag 14%, flyash 36% adds water and wipes to sop up liquid moldedly through mechanical stirring through block machine, and natural curing or artificial maintenance form its ultimate compression strength and reach 50MPa, Young's modulus reaches 32Gpa, bending-twisting reaches 17.5Nm, and its ultimate bending strength reaches 23MPa, and holllow building block weight is 915kg/m
3, its ultimate compression strength reaches 19.5MPa.
Example 4,
Waste rubber powder 55%, flyash 30%, sand 10%, ordinary Portland cement 525#3%, adding water wipes to sop up liquid molded through mechanical stirring through block machine, natural curing or artificial maintenance form its ultimate compression strength and reach 20MPa, and Young's modulus reaches 31Gpa, and bending-twisting reaches 20Nm, its ultimate bending strength reaches 30MPa, and holllow building block weight is 805kg/m
3, its ultimate compression strength reaches 13.3MPa.
Example 5,
Steel fiber 60%, steel silk floss 30%, silicate cement 9%, hardening accelerator 0.5%, accelerating chemicals 0.5%, its ultimate compression strength reaches 50MPa, bending-twisting reaches 27Nm, and its ultimate bending strength reaches 5.3MPa, adds water and wipes to sop up liquid molded or cast-in-place in all kinds of engineerings through block machine through mechanical stirring.
Example 6,
Waste or used plastics grain 50%, waste old grain 40%, quick-hardening hih-strength cement 525#9%, hardening accelerator 0.5%, water reducer 0.5%, its ultimate compression strength reaches 17MPa, and bending-twisting reaches 30MPa, and holllow building block weight is 765kg/m
3, its ultimate compression strength reaches 10MPa.
Example 7,
Waste old 70%, steel silk floss 10%, copper silk floss 5%, Phenol aldehyde resin pulvis 13%, epoxyn 2%, its ultimate compression strength reaches 50mPa, and the counter-bending property turned round reaches 48Nm, elastic mould reaches 33.8Gpa, and ultimate bending strength reaches 30MPa, and its weight reaches 650kg/m
2
Example 8,
Steel rubber fibre 10%, waste rubber powder 20%, waste or used plastics powder 20%, nylon fiber 10%, white cement 525#20%, aluminium slag 20%, its ultimate compression strength reaches 17MPa, and Young's modulus reaches 15Gpa, and bending-twisting reaches 27Nm, its ultimate bending strength reaches 18.5MPa, and holllow building block weight reaches 907kg/m
3, its ultimate compression strength reaches 13MPa.
Example 9, pavement engineering
Metal rubber concrete cement is 525#, 625# silicate cement, and cobble-stone diameter 3-17mm silt content＜1% quality is hard, rubber grain powder footpath 0.1mm-2mm, steel fiber undaform.Proportioning is a cement: water: rubber powder: stone: steel fiber=1: 0.47: 2.5: 2.07: 0.217.
For steel fiber is uniformly dispersed, adopt secondary batching, three paddling processs in concrete.Now with stone and steel fiber dry mixing several minutes, add the waste old powder, dry mixing several minutes again, last water filling is stirred, and total churning time is no more than 6 minutes, and super the stirring can form wet fiber group.Each amount of agitation should being advisable below 1/3 at the stirrer nominal capacity.Self-discharging transporter is adopted in the concrete transportation, is transported to the job location and carries out.Discharging when building highly should not surpass 1.6m, in case concrete disintegration.
Template adopts the mark angle steel to prop up not have, and should prop up do not have firm, joint is closely smooth-going, and gap, wrong stubble, unequal phenomenon must not be arranged.The template face is answered separant coating, and template and basic unit should sprinkle water moistening before building.Steel fiber, steel fiber adopt and manually pave, back the shaking with plate vibrator that pave drawn, shake time length of drawing should stop to sink not with concrete and being as the criterion emitting bubble and glow grout, and should not cross and shake, shake and be aided with artificial levelling when drawing, and check template at any time, if any sinking, be out of shape or loosening should in time the correction.Concrete leveling is adopted walking beam to shake to draw and is dragged flatly, is further flattening with work durm, must not have steel fiber or steel fiber to expose phenomenon, the face of doing divides secondary to carry out, and first levelling, floating is when treating that concrete surface does not have bleeding, do for the second time floating, floating back again along mould slope direction plucking, plucking degree of depth 1-2mm.
Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete does not have multiple seam, and expansion joint (E.J.) is vertical with the road medullary ray, and slotted wall must be vertical, and wavelength width of a slit must be consistent, must not even starch in the seam, and the slit planted agent waters seam sealer, and dowel bar is not set.Junction, speed track also is provided with expansion joint (E.J.).When concrete reaches intensity 25%-33%, adopt the cutting machine seaming and cutting of contracting to cut, cut dark 3cm.The every 16m of seam that contracts is provided with together.The construction joint position should coincide with the expansion joint (E.J.) or the seam design attitude that contracts, and construction joint should be vertical with the road medullary ray, and dowel bar is not set.To the longitudinal joint wall brushing pitch of pouring concrete plate, build adjacent plate and its sinking tack seam, longitudinal joint is not established dowel bar.Expansion joint (E.J.), the seam that contracts are all adopted petroleum pitch No. 10, irritate the formula joint filling.After concrete is done face and finished, should in time adopt water-filled boiler protection; Cover straw bag after the final set, every day, uniform sprinkling kept wet, maintenance 14-25 days.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of metal rubber concrete, it is characterized in that this metal rubber concrete is made up of metallic substance, waste rubber and plastics, coarse-fine aggregate for building, admixture and gelling material, their weight percent is: metallic substance 0～90%, waste rubber and plastics 0～90%, coarse-fine aggregate for building 0～50%, admixture 0～10%, gelatinous material 5～60%.
2, a kind of metal rubber concrete as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said metallic substance is meant steel fiber, sponge, metallic particles or powder, and their mixture.
3, a kind of metal rubber concrete as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that powder that rubber powder that rubber powder that wherein said waste old and plastics are meant that automobile-used old tire is made or rubber grain, other old rubber are made or rubber grain, nylon fiber, plastic waste and goods are made or particle, and their mixture; Wherein grain diameter is between the 2mm-100mm scope, and powder shape specification is between 2 orders-150 order.
4, a kind of metal rubber concrete as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said coarse-fine aggregate for building is meant stone, sand, slag, aluminium slag and flyash, and their mixture.
5, a kind of metal rubber concrete as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said admixture is meant cement additive, the concrete admixture that meets the GB8076 standard, the mixture that reaches them.
6, a kind of metal rubber concrete as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said gelling material is meant various types of silicon acid salt cement, special cement, resene gelling material, inorganic coagulation material and organic acid gel material, and their mixture.
7, a kind of preparation method of metal rubber concrete as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the preparation of wherein said metal rubber concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of waste rubber powder raw material
With waste rubber cleaning → coarse crushing → remove steel → in small, broken bits → according to specific requirement fiber separation removal of impurities → sampling observation → finished product;
(2) preparation of metal rubber concrete
Respectively each raw material is mixed by prescription, the water modulation is made various intensity, metal rubber concrete that performance is different by requirement of engineering; Employing is mixed system through on-the-spot stirrer, directly cast; After stirring, deliver to press apparatus directly shake molded, through being poured into mould after the vapor cure moulding, make various metal rubber concrete building blocks by the moulding of kiln roast.
8, a kind of metal rubber concrete as claimed in claim 1 application under construction, it is characterized in that this metal rubber concrete can be used for various road surfaces, airfield runway, dam, bridge and buildings, be specially adapted to the use of protection against the tide, sound insulation, antidetonation, shock resistance building.
9, a kind of as claim 1 or 8 described metal rubber concrete application under construction, it is characterized in that this metal rubber concrete can be made into various solid or hollow its specifications of concrete segment shape building material made and is: length 10mm-15000mm, width 10mm-5000mm, (thickness) 10mm-1000mm highly, hollow concrete building block hollow rate is 0-85%, or irregular bulk, its specification is that volume is at 0.001m
3-3m
3Between concrete product.
10, a kind of as claim 1 or 8 described metal rubber concrete application under construction, it is characterized in that this metal rubber concrete can be used for the building block and the concrete of various national standards, as GB8239-1997, GB/T11968-1997, GB/T5101-1998, GB/T7019-1997, GB13545-92, GB14040-93, JC/T238-91 (96), JC/T410-91 (96), JC/T422-91 (96), JC/T641-1996, JC860-2000, JC861-2000, JC862-2000,96SG612,96SG613 (1) (2), CG356, CECS38:92 etc.
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| CNB011131322A CN1231427C (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2001-06-27 | Metal rubber concrete and its preparing process |
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