CN1393280A - Process for cleaning waste gas containing complex components - Google Patents
Process for cleaning waste gas containing complex components Download PDFInfo
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- CN1393280A CN1393280A CN 01114179 CN01114179A CN1393280A CN 1393280 A CN1393280 A CN 1393280A CN 01114179 CN01114179 CN 01114179 CN 01114179 A CN01114179 A CN 01114179A CN 1393280 A CN1393280 A CN 1393280A
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Abstract
A process for cleaning the waste gas containing complex components features use of a filled tower with multi-layer structure. Each layer can be filled with same or different fillers and a leaching liquid drainage unit for discharge of liquid outside is arranged between adjacent layers, so having no interference to leaching operation of each layer.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of waste gas purification technology, particularly contain the process for purifying of complicated harmful components waste gas.
Various industrial deodorization devices, living facilities etc. all often produce pernicious gas.Particularly petroleum chemical enterprise often produces and contains H in the refining and Related product process of sour crude oil
2The waste gas (hereinafter to be referred as waste gas) of poisonous and harmful substances such as benzene series thing such as S methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide sulfides, benzene,toluene,xylene and phenol, ammonia, organic amine, non-methane hydrocarbon, pollutant atmosphere, harm public health.
For the improvement of this class waste gas, normally adopt process for purifying such as absorption, biofiltration, chemical agent washing, biofluid washing.As everyone knows, with active carbon is the waste gas adsorption cleaning technology of typical sorbing material, though can purify most of poisonous and harmful substances, but owing to limited by the selectivity of sorbing material itself, when purifying the waste gas of above-mentioned complex component, just multiple sorbing material, multiple arrangement and usefulness be can only adopt, thereby expensive equipment investment and operating cost brought; Equally, the chemical agent washing also exists the selective problems of medicament, and traditional scrubbing tower can't adopt various chemical medicaments simultaneously.So,, adopt above-mentioned single method to be difficult to reach completely and purify for complex component waste gas.
Patent CN97121666 had once proposed a kind of biofiltration technology of utilizing activated sludge, purified the poisonous and harmful substance in the poisonous and harmful substance, particularly petrochemical industry sulphur-containing exhaust gas that removes in the waste gas; Patent CN 97211331 has also proposed the process form of biological washing, purifying waste gas.
But microorganism has different metabolic response characteristics to different materials, thereby the metabolic rate of its microorganism is also inequality.Like this, current applied biofiltration and biological washing process, the all purifications that can only carry out simple component waste gas, when waste gas component is comparatively complicated, then since microorganism to the existing difference of the metabolic activity of different poisonous and harmful substances, and make and the different microorganism phase that distributes in the biological cleaning system exist the phase mutual interference between these microorganisms phases, finally reduce the purification efficiency of waste gas, do not reached predetermined clean-up effect.
So, be subjected to adopt a certain process for purifying separately due to the limitation of the complexity of waste gas component and single process for purifying, be difficult to reach the purpose of complex component waste gas purification usually.The flat 1-245834 of patent JP has proposed to adopt the solution countermeasure of a plurality of individual layer packed tower series connection forms in order to solve this class problem.Though this can address the above problem, also make that the packed tower number increases, floor space enlarges, plant construction is invested and operating cost improves simultaneously.
The object of the present invention is to provide the purification method that contains complex component waste gas that a kind of equipment is simple, floor space is little, operating cost is low.
The inventive method process is: waste gas carries out purified treatment by purifying filler, at the processing waste gas component, uses the packed tower of sandwich construction, and the filler number of plies is 2～20 layers; The filler that each layer filling is identical or different, each layer filler needs intermittently or drip washing continuously when operation, and the drip washing of every layer of filler independently carries out, and the leacheate of discharge is separately or merge processing.
Waste gas purification technology in the inventive method, promptly each layer filler in the packed tower can be realized different environment purifications according to the different component of waste gas, realize different technology, as absorption, biologically wash, one or more the combining form in the biofiltration.
Filler in the inventive method can be metal, pottery, engineering plastics, ion exchange resin, yarn fabric, active carbon, peat, biological compost and the various vegetative fiber material of ring-type, column, spherical, fibrous or irregular proterties.Packed tower in the inventive method can be annular, square or other shape.
The inventive method goes for the purification of various industrial plants waste gas, is specially adapted to waste gas and forms complicated waste gas purification processing, as the purification of water processing establishment discharging waste gas.It can purified treatment waste gas component mainly comprise hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan, thioether sulfides, benzene series thing, phenol, ammonia, organic amine, non-methane hydrocarbons etc. such as benzene, toluene also comprise carbon sulphur compound, halide and inorganic pollution etc.The inventive method can also be handled the waste gas of separate sources, can form situation according to waste gas when handling different waste gas and enter from an air inlet and purify the packed tower, also can enter to purify in the packed tower from different air inlets.
Below, the example in conjunction with absorption and two kinds of process for purifying of biofiltration are used in combination illustrates the inventive method.
Active carbon adsorption often is used to purify the waste gas that contains various poisonous and harmful substances.Because some hydrocarbon component is difficult to the metabolism by Institute of Micro-biology, so, usually use active carbon adsorption for the waste gas of hydrocarbon components.Biofiltration process also because microorganism to the metabolism of benzene series thing, makes this technology have low cost, high-efficiency characteristics, usually is used to the waste gas that contains the benzene series thing is purified.Different microbiologic populations can be used to handle different waste gas components, as certain micro-organisms can purified treatment hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfur, some microorganism can purified treatment phenol, alcohol, some microorganism can purified treatment amine, cyanogen etc.Can on each packing layer, cultivate different microorganisms group according to the contained component of waste gas, various harmful constituents are purified simultaneously.
With gas up flow type technology is example, can adopt the packed tower of 3～5 layers or more multi-layered structure, difference is 1～3 layer of filling active carbon below, as adsorption stuffing, above 2～5 layers filling peat, as the biofiltration filler, be provided with between each layer and can carry out the drip washing parts of drip washing operation and the drip washing discharge opeing can be collected and discharged the outer device of tower filler; Wherein, the drip washing discharge opeing can be collected and discharges the combination of the parts of parts that the outer device of tower comprise that mainly gas passage, liquid collect, guarantee that liquid and gas separate and liquid outlet.This combination can be liquid drip washing parts, leacheate baffle plate and discharge opeing feeder, also can be liquid drip washing parts and drip washing discharge opeing collecting board, or the combination of the parts of other form.By said apparatus, the drip washing operation can independently be carried out on each packing layer, and its drip washing discharge opeing can not have influence on other packing layer.Like this, in the waste gas purification process,,, need in time to active carbon filler layer drip washing cooling water in order to guarantee safety because there is exothermic phenomenon in active carbon when the adsorbed hydrocarbons component; And in order to keep the benzene series thing metabolic activity of peat biological filter packing, need termly to the suitable nutrient solution of cultivating benzene series thing metabolism bacterium of peat packing layer drip washing.These two kinds of different drip washing operate in the packed tower to be carried out, and does not disturb each other, can guarantee carrying out continuously of waste gas purification simultaneously.By using different waste gas purification technology at these two packing layers, can reach and will contain the purpose of the waste gas purification of complex component, and reduce equipment investment and operating cost, improved purification efficiency.
The present invention adopts a simple device to finish the purification process that contains complicated ingredient waste gas, and device is simple, and easy to operate, flexible, floor space is little, and equipment investment, operating cost are low, the purifying rate height.The inventive method can be used for the various purifications that contain complicated ingredient waste gas, also can be used for the exhaust-gas treatment in multiple source.
Attached Fig. 1 and 2 is respectively two specific embodiments operative installations schematic diagrames of the inventive method.
Embodiment 1 (accompanying drawing 1)
The benzene series thing that comprises benzene,toluene,xylene of 100～400 μ L/L and other volatile hydrocarbon components of 60～800 μ L/L etc. are contained in water processing establishment---aeration tank, the waste gas that gives off.Utilize the inventive method, adopt charcoal absorption and biofiltration technology simultaneously, the waste gas of said components can be purified.
Packed tower (1) adopts the updraft 2 layers of filling-material structure of gas, and packing layer (2), (3) are loaded active carbon, two kinds of fillers of peat respectively.Top in packing layer (2), (3) is provided with liquid drip washing parts (4) and (5).Between packing layer (3) and parts (4), also be provided with drip washing discharge opeing baffle plate (6), discharge opeing feeder (7), on the feeder (7), be provided with the outer leakage fluid dram (8) of tower (1) in the same way.The bottom of tower (1) also is provided with leakage fluid dram (9).In the purification process of waste gas, packing layer (2) adopts absorbing process, and packing layer (3) adopts biofiltration technology.
When carrying out waste gas purification, waste gas is entered tower (1) from air inlet (10), by packing layer (2), under the suction-operated of active carbon filler, the hydrocarbon component in the waste gas is adsorbed.Because active carbon can be emitted more heat of adsorption in adsorption process, for preventing safety issue, use pump (11) from wet tank (12), to draw cooling water, by drip washing parts (4) packing layer (2) is carried out the drip washing cooling.The cooling water that flows down (13) accumulates in the bottom of tower (1), discharges tower (1) by leakage fluid dram (9), through the switching of valve, or flows back to jar (12), or emits.Because leakage fluid dram (9) is provided with fluid-tight, gas can not pass in and out tower (1) thus.Through the absorption of packing layer (2), the removal efficiency of hydrocarbon component reaches more than 95%～99% in the waste gas.The waste gas that has removed the hydrocarbon component continues upwards to flow, from baffle plate (6) and feeder (7) between flow through, enter packing layer (3).Peat filler on the packing layer (3) has possessed the biologically active of purifying benzene thing through handling.This activity is by regularly being kept to the suitable nutrient solution of cultivating benzene series thing metabolism bacterium of packing layer (3) drip washing by parts (5).Under the effect of baffle plate (6), feeder (7) has been collected the drip washing discharge opeing (14) that flows down from packing layer (3), discharges tower (1) by leakage fluid dram (8), switches through valve, or flows back to jar (15), or emit.Under the effect of pump (16), the nutrient solution in jar (15) carries out regular drip washing by parts (5) to packing layer (3), makes that the benzene series thing in the waste gas is removed because of the microbial metabolism effect in the packing layer (3), and removal efficiency reaches more than 95%～99%.Purified gas is discharged from exhaust outlet (17), finishes purification process.
Embodiment 2 (accompanying drawing 2)
Water processing establishment---floation tank and biochemical aeration tank, the waste gas that often gives off contain the benzene series thing that comprises benzene,toluene,xylene of 100～400 μ L/L, the hydrogen sulfide of 10～100 μ L/L, the volatility organic sulfur compound that comprises methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, methyl disulfide of 1～30 μ L/L and other volatile hydrocarbon components of 60～800 μ L/L etc.Utilize the inventive method, adopt charcoal absorption, biofiltration and biological washing process simultaneously, the waste gas of said components can be purified.
Packed tower (18) adopts 3 layers of filling-material structure of gas downflow system, and packing layer (19), (20), (21) are loaded active carbon, peat and three kinds of fillers of plastic hoop respectively.Top in packing layer (19), (20), (21) is provided with liquid drip washing parts (22), (23) and (24).Between packing layer (19) and parts (23), also be provided with drip washing discharge opeing collecting board (25), gas distribution tube (26), and lead to the outer leakage fluid dram (27) of tower (18).Equally, between packing layer (20) and parts (24), also be provided with drip washing discharge opeing collecting board (28), gas distribution tube (29), and lead to the outer leakage fluid dram (30) of tower (18).The bottom of tower (18) also is provided with leakage fluid dram (31).In the purification process of waste gas, packing layer (19) adopts absorbing process, and packing layer (20) adopts biofiltration technology, and packing layer (21) adopts biological washing process.
When carrying out waste gas purification, waste gas is entered tower (18) from air inlet (32), by packing layer (19), under the suction-operated of active carbon filler, the hydrocarbon component in the waste gas is adsorbed.For preventing owing to safety issue appears in the charcoal absorption heat release, utilize pump (32) from wet tank (33), to draw cooling water, by drip washing parts (22) packing layer (19) is carried out the drip washing cooling.Collecting board (25) will be discharged outside the tower (18) by leakage fluid dram (27) from the drip washing discharge opeing (34) that packing layer (19) flow down, and by the switching of valve, or flow back to jar (33), or emit.Because leakage fluid dram (27) is provided with fluid-tight, gas can not pass in and out tower (18) thus.Through the absorption of packing layer (19), the removal efficiency of hydrocarbon component reaches more than 95%～99% in the waste gas.The waste gas that has removed the hydrocarbon component continues to flow downward, and the gas distribution tube (26) on being arranged in collecting board (25) passes, and enters packing layer (20).Peat filler on the packing layer (20) has possessed the biologically active of purifying benzene thing through handling, and this activity can be by regularly being maintained to the suitable nutrient solution of cultivating benzene series thing metabolism bacterium of packing layer (20) drip washing by parts (23).Collecting board (28) will be collected from the drip washing discharge opeing (35) that packing layer (20) flow down, and discharge tower (18) by leakage fluid dram (30), by the switching of valve, or flow back to jar (36), or emit.Leakage fluid dram (30) also is provided with fluid-tight, makes gas can not pass in and out tower (18) thus.Nutrient solution in the jar (36) carries out drip washing from parts (23) to packing layer (20) once more under the effect of pump (37).Under this regular drip washing, the benzene series thing in the waste gas is removed because of the microbial metabolism effect in the packing layer (20), and removal efficiency reaches more than 95%～99%.Continue to pass through packing layer (20) purified waste gas, enter packing layer (21) by distributor pipe (29).Plastic hoop filler on the packing layer (21) is through handling, possessed the biologically active that purifies sulfide, this biologically active, need be under the effect of pump (38), from storage tank (39), draw nutrient solution, keep to the suitable nutrient solution of cultivating sulfide metabolism bacterium of the continuous drip washing of packing layer (21) by parts (24).The drip washing discharge opeing (40) that flows down from packing layer (21) accumulates in the bottom of tower (18), is discharged outside the tower (18) by leakage fluid dram (31).Equally, leakage fluid dram (31) also has fluid-tight, can prevent that gas from passing in and out tower (18) thus.Under this continuous drip washing, the sulfide in the waste gas is removed because of the metabolism of microorganism in the packing layer (21), and removal efficiency reaches more than 95%～99%.Like this, poisonous and harmful substances such as the benzene series thing in the waste gas, volatility organic sulfur compound and volatile hydrocarbon components are removed, and become Purge gas, discharge from the exhaust outlet (41) of tower (18) bottom, finish purification process.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of purification method that contains complex component waste gas, waste gas carries out purified treatment by purifying filler, uses the packed tower of sandwich construction, and each layer filler carries out intermittence or drip washing continuously when operation, the drip washing of every layer of filler is independently carried out, the independent or merging processing of the leacheate of discharge.
2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described packed tower is 2～20 layers of structure.
3,, it is characterized in that described packing layer realizes one or more in absorption, biological washing, the biofiltration according to claim 1 or 2 described methods.
4, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described filler is one or more in following: ring-type, column, spherical, fibrous or erose metal, pottery, engineering plastics, ion exchange resin, yarn fabric, active carbon, peat, biological compost and various vegetative fiber material.
5, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that using absorption-biofiltration-biological washing process to handle sulfur compound, benzene series thing and hydro carbons waste gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01114179 CN1242837C (en) | 2001-07-02 | 2001-07-02 | Process for cleaning waste gas containing complex components |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01114179 CN1242837C (en) | 2001-07-02 | 2001-07-02 | Process for cleaning waste gas containing complex components |
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| CN1393280A true CN1393280A (en) | 2003-01-29 |
| CN1242837C CN1242837C (en) | 2006-02-22 |
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| CN 01114179 Expired - Lifetime CN1242837C (en) | 2001-07-02 | 2001-07-02 | Process for cleaning waste gas containing complex components |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100340326C (en) * | 2004-09-11 | 2007-10-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Purification for stink and organic waste gas |
| CN102019140B (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2013-03-20 | 广东省南方环保生物科技有限公司 | Composite filler for biologically filtering industrial waste gas |
| CN106390873A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-02-15 | 山东科润环保科技有限公司 | Low-resistance adsorbing material based on resin microspheres and application of low-resistance adsorbing material |
| CN109954398A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-07-02 | 上海伊尔庚环境工程有限公司 | The technique and system of water elution method processing acid waste gas |
-
2001
- 2001-07-02 CN CN 01114179 patent/CN1242837C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100340326C (en) * | 2004-09-11 | 2007-10-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Purification for stink and organic waste gas |
| CN102019140B (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2013-03-20 | 广东省南方环保生物科技有限公司 | Composite filler for biologically filtering industrial waste gas |
| CN106390873A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-02-15 | 山东科润环保科技有限公司 | Low-resistance adsorbing material based on resin microspheres and application of low-resistance adsorbing material |
| CN109954398A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-07-02 | 上海伊尔庚环境工程有限公司 | The technique and system of water elution method processing acid waste gas |
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| CN1242837C (en) | 2006-02-22 |
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