CN101249382B - Discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring method - Google Patents
Discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101249382B CN101249382B CN2008100308572A CN200810030857A CN101249382B CN 101249382 B CN101249382 B CN 101249382B CN 2008100308572 A CN2008100308572 A CN 2008100308572A CN 200810030857 A CN200810030857 A CN 200810030857A CN 101249382 B CN101249382 B CN 101249382B
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- biofiltration
- filter media
- biological filter
- media layer
- dielectric layer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention provides a method for filtrating and purifying organisms on the surface of exhaust gas. The method comprises the steps that: (1) a biofiltration dielectric layer is provided: a multihole synthetic filler thin layer with the thickness ranging from 0.02m to 0.2m is used as the biofiltration dielectric layer so that microbes such as bacteria or fungi and so on are attached to and grow on the biofiltration dielectric layer; the filter media is made of the material with the porosity ranging from 90 percent to 98 percent, the aperture ranging from 1mm to 10mm, the opening rate more than 95%, the tensile strength more than 5000Pa, the compressive strength more than 1000Pa, the stacking density ranging from 20kg/m<3> to 600kg/m<3>, and the specific area ranging from 100m<2>/m<3> to 1000m<2>/m<3>; (2) exhaust gas is filtered: the exhaust gas to be purified passes through the biofiltration dielectric layer at the lower flow speed ranging from 0.005 m/s to 0.05m/s and stops on the biofiltration dielectric layer for one to twenty seconds. The device comprises an exhaust gas humidification cell, a biofiltration dielectric layer, a nutrient solution supply cell, a liquid waste disposal cell, a nutrient solution spray header and a control cell. The method and the device provided by the invention have the advantages of uniform distribution of gas, small pressure drop, small height of bed, high cubage and load, large handling capacity, low running cost, stable performance during long running and so on.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is mainly concerned with the bio-filter technology field of Air Pollution Control, refers in particular to a kind of discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring method and device, is specially adapted to remove the waste gas that contains hydrophily easily biological-degradable pollutant.
Background technology
At present, foul smell and volatile organic waste gas severe contamination atmospheric environment, destroy the forest and the ecosystem, the infringement health has caused people's extensive concern.In recent years, the bio-filter technology of control atmosphere pollution is applied to purify foul smell and organic exhaust gas just more and more with its economical and effective, environmental friendliness, applied widely, advantage such as operating cost is low.
Nineteen fifty-seven, patent US2793096 with the concept attainment of soil beds biofiltration mandate.Gas phase biological filtering system has the earliest just covered loose porous soil on the gas distribution pipe in opening wide the hole, develops into afterwards and adopts various nature materials as filtrate, as peat, compost, wood chip, bark etc.But these materials cause problems such as air-flow skewness, local anaerobism, filler are compacted, pressure drop rising in use often because of decomposition or fragmentation structural instability.Therefore, adopting the nature filler is that the bacteria bed of filtrate often exists that floor space is big, process is difficult to control, needs regularly replace filler, the volumetric loading rate is low, filter bed easily stops up and shortcoming such as unstable properties.
Improved bio-trickling technology (as CN1752031A and CN1557741) can adopt inorganic filler or synthetic material as filtrate, and regularly replenishes required moisture and the nutriment of microorganism.It has prolonged the service life of filler greatly, and operating mode easily regulates, but still exists the voidage of filler less, problem such as the filtering layer height is big, gas residence time is long, gas distribution is irregular, pressure drop is bigger.
According to material Transfer and biodegradation principle, desirable biofiltration filler should have bigger voidage and contact gear ratio surface area, certain physical intensity and decay resistance, lower packed density and stream pressure loss.In recent years, synthetic material has been subjected to great attention as the filter bed filler.The rotary drum bio-filter technology (US6171853B1) of innovation adopts the synthesis of polyurethane foam of high porosity as filtrate, and thickness of filter bed is dwindled greatly, only is 10～20cm, has therefore shortened gas residence time, has improved volumetric loading.The rotary drum biological filter system is that 30s, ether load are 2.0kg COD/m in gas residence time
3Average removal efficient during/sky is at (Yang CP more than 99%, Suidan MT, Zhu XQ, et al.Comparison of single-layer and multi-layer rotating drum biofilters for VOC removal.Environ Progress, 2003,22 (2): 87-94).But also existing, it builds the shortcomings such as exhaust-gas treatment that operating cost is higher, be unsuitable for handling atm number.
In sum, existing all kinds of bio-filter technologies exist all that the filtering layer height is excessive, the time of staying is long, volumetric loading is low, long-term operation performance is unstable or shortcoming such as treating capacity is less relatively, have seriously limited the industrial practical application of gas phase biological filtering technology.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention just is: at the technical problem that prior art exists, the invention provides that a kind of gas distribution is even, pressure drop is less, bed height is little, volumetric loading is high, treating capacity is big, construction and operating cost is lower and long-term operation performance is stable discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring method.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the solution that the present invention proposes is: a kind of discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring method, it is characterized in that step is: (1) is provided with the biological filter media layer: the thin layer porous synthetic filling that adopts 0.02～0.2m is as the biological filter media layer, for attached growth of microorganisms such as bacterium or fungies thereon, wherein filter medium be that porosity is 90%～98%, the aperture is 1～10mm, percent opening more than 95%, hot strength is 20～600kg/m greater than 5000Pa, compression strength greater than 1000Pa, bulk density
3, specific area is 100～1000m
2/ m
3Material; (2) waste gas filtering: required purified waste gas is passed the biological filter media layer with the low flow velocity of 0.005～0.05m/s, and the time of staying is 1～20s.
In step (1), the top of nutrient solution from the biological filter media layer sprayed and descend, the nutrient and the living environment of growth of microorganism is provided.
In step (1), waste collection, processing and the regeneration cycle that flow out biological filter media layer bottom are used.
In step (2), described waste gas throughput is controlled to be 1～10 * 10
4m
3/ m
3Medium/sky, empty bed flow velocity are controlled to be 0.005～0.05m/s, pressure drop is controlled to be 0～50Pa.
In step (1), the temperature of biological filter media layer is controlled to be that 20～35 ℃, pH value are controlled to be 5～8, the nutrition liquid measure of replenishing is controlled to be 0.2～2m
3/ m
3Medium/sky.
A kind of waste gas surface biological filtering and purifying, it is characterized in that: it comprises that waste gas humidification unit, biological filter media layer, nutrient solution provide unit, liquid waste processing unit, nutrient solution spray head and control module, waste gas humidification unit links to each other with the biological filter media layer by pipeline, nutrient solution provides the unit to link to each other with the nutrient solution spray head that is positioned at biological filter media layer top by pipeline, the bottom of described biological filter media layer links to each other with the liquid waste processing unit, and nutrient solution provides the unit to link to each other with control module.
The filter medium of described biological filter media layer adopts porosity to be 90%～98%, the aperture is 1～10mm, percent opening more than 95%, hot strength is 20～600kg/m greater than 5000Pa, compression strength greater than 1000Pa, bulk density
3, specific area is 100～1000m
2/ m
3Material.
Described biological filter media layer is one or more layers, and described multi-layer biological filtering medium layer adopts in parallel or is connected in series.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention just is: discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring method of the present invention and device, and adopt thin layer porous synthetic filling as biological filter media, have advantages such as porosity is big, gas distribution is even, pressure drop is less; And filtering layer height of the present invention is little, and exhaust gas residence time is short, the volumetric loading rate height of reactor, and pressure drop is little, treating capacity is big, and does not produce secondary pollution, is a kind of more satisfactory atmosphere pollution BIOLOGICAL CONTROL technology.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic that discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring method of the present invention adopts single-stage biological filter media layer;
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic that discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring method of the present invention adopts the multi-stage biological filtering medium layer.
Marginal data
1, waste gas humidification unit 2, biological filter media layer
3, nutrient solution provides unit 4, liquid waste processing unit
5, nutrient solution spray head 6, control module
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further details.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring method of the present invention, it is characterized in that step is: (1) is provided with the biological filter media layer: the thin layer porous synthetic filling that adopts 0.02～0.2m is as the biological filter media layer, be used for thereon for microbial adhesion such as bacterium or fungi and growth, wherein filter medium be that porosity is 90%～98%, the aperture is 1～10mm, percent opening more than 95%, hot strength is 20～600kg/m greater than 5000Pa, compression strength greater than 1000Pa, bulk density
3, specific area is 100～1000m
2/ m
3Material; This material is high porosity perforate or network structure, for example can adopt synthetic organic or inorganic material, as polyurethane sponge or porous ceramics etc.(2) waste gas filtering: required purified waste gas is passed the biological filter media layer with the low flow velocity of 0.005～0.05m/s, and the time of staying is 1～20s.In specific embodiment, in step (1), the top of nutrient solution from the biological filter media layer sprayed and descend, required nutrient of growth of microorganism and living environment are provided.Simultaneously, waste collection, processing and the regeneration cycle that biological filter media layer bottom can be flowed out used.Therefore, also nutrient solution can be provided unit 3 and liquid waste processing unit 4 to merge and become a nutrient solution regeneration supplementary units.Feeding the waste gas end, can adopt waste gas humidification unit 1, it is used for controlling the humidity that enters waste gas in the filtering layer, when waste gas humidity is higher, can omit, and the amount of the liquid that suitably has additional nutrients.In preferred embodiment, the waste gas throughput is controlled to be 1～10 * 10
4m
3/ m
3Medium/sky, empty bed flow velocity are controlled to be temperature that 0.005～0.05m/s, pressure drop be controlled to be 0～50Pa, biological filter media layer and are controlled to be that 20～35 ℃, pH value are controlled to be 5～8, additional nutrition liquid measure is controlled to be 0.2～2m
3/ m
3Medium/sky.
Referring to illustrated in figures 1 and 2, a kind of waste gas surface biological filtering and purifying of the present invention, it comprises that waste gas humidification unit 1, biological filter media layer 2, nutrient solution provide unit 3, liquid waste processing unit 4, nutrient solution spray head 5 and control module 6, waste gas humidification unit 1 links to each other with biological filter media layer 2 by pipeline, nutrient solution provides unit 3 to link to each other with the nutrient solution spray head 5 that is positioned at biological filter media layer 2 top by pipeline, the bottom of biological filter media layer 2 links to each other with liquid waste processing unit 4, and nutrient solution provides unit 3 to link to each other with control module 6.The filter medium of biological filter media layer 2 adopts porosity to be 90%～98%, the aperture is 1～10mm, percent opening more than 95%, hot strength is 20～600kg/m greater than 5000Pa, compression strength greater than 1000Pa, bulk density
3, specific area is 100～1000m
2/ m
3Material.Biological filter media layer 2 is one or more layers, and multi-layer biological filtering medium layer 2 adopts in parallel or is connected in series.
Fig. 1 is the single-stage process chart, comprises two parts of gas passage and nutrient solution circulation.Waste gas enters porous synthesising biological filtering medium layer 2 and is cleaned the back discharge through humidity controlling unit 1.Nutrient solution pumps into and is distributed on the biological filter media layer 2 from nutrient solution feed unit 3, provides other required nutriment of the microbial life metabolism.The waste collection that produces enters liquid waste processing unit 4 and handles and regenerate.
Fig. 2 is a two-stage process flow process in parallel, is applicable to the mix waste gas of the multiple pollutant of the industrial atm number of processing or the waste gas that single-stage technology can not effectively be handled.Four groups of porous synthesising biological filtering medium layers 2 are combined into the surface biological filtering technique of parallel-two-stage.Waste gas for complicated component, the pollutant of first order degraded hydrophily easily biological-degradable, the second level pollutant that other is not degraded of further degrading, and the microorganism fungus kind that adds by adjusting, the composition and the methods such as consumption, operational factor of nutrient solution are improved treatment effeciencies.It is air inclusion path and two parts of nutrient solution circulation also, behind the waste gas process humidity controlling unit 1, and two branch roads about separated into two parts enters respectively; Giving vent to anger of first surface biological filter element enters second surface biological filter element in each branch road, and the concentration of the middle pollutant of giving vent to anger of second reactor is very low.Nutrient solution feed unit 3 and liquid waste processing unit 4 are the work of four surface biological filter elements simultaneously.Parallel connection technology can solve atm number or exhaust-gas treatment problem of different nature.
Embodiment 1: referring to shown in Figure 1, adopting single-stage technological process concentration of treatment is 2000mg/m
3Ether waste gas.Adopting porosity is 90%, and the aperture is the filtrate of the cuboid polyurethane sponge of 20 orders (about 1 millimeter) as biological filter media layer 2, and concrete size is the high 20cm that is, wide is 10cm, and thick is 5cm, and volume is 1L.Behind the waste gas process waste gas humidification unit 1, laterally vertically pass biological filter media layer 2, flow is about 10m
3/ day, gas empty bed speed is 0.5cm/s, the empty bed time of staying is 10s.The amount of replenishing the nutrient solution of nutrients such as containing nitrogen, phosphorus and buffer every day is 1L, control module 6 through nutrient solution provide unit 3 by nutrient solution spray head 5 regularly from the filler top evenly spray on monoblock biological filter media layer 2.Reactor temperature is kept 25 ℃ of constant temperature, and the pH value of nutrient solution is about 7.
The activated sludge of getting sewage treatment plant is as microbe inoculation.Adopt activated sludge biofilm method dynamically to tame biofilm.After one week, can see obviously that growth has a spot of biomembrane on the filtrate, color deepens gradually, and the concentration stabilize of giving vent to anger is at 20mg/m
3Below, the biofilm success.Operation is one month continuously, and the removal efficient all-the-time stable of ether is more than 95%, and the biofilm biomass in the filtrate increases, and color becomes dark brown.The pH value of discharging waste liquid is between 5～7, and the reactor internal drop has raise about 20Pa.
Embodiment 2: referring to shown in Figure 2, adopt series connection two-stage process flow processing concentration for containing 2000mg/m
3H
2S and 500mg/m
3The mix waste gas of toluene.It is 90% that every grade of biological filter media layer 2 all adopts the porosity of filtrate, and the aperture is the cuboid polyurethane sponge of 20 orders (about 1 millimeter), and height is 20cm, and wide is 10cm, and thick is 5cm, and volume is 1L (with embodiment 1).Waste gas vertically vertically passes the filtering layer of first order biological filter media layer 2, and the second level biological filter media layer 2 of flowing through again of giving vent to anger of the first order is measured every grade of H in giving vent to anger
2S and toluene concentration.Exhaust gas flow is about 1m
3/ day, gas empty bed speed is 0.5cm/s, the empty bed time of staying is 10s.Every grade of every day, each amount of replenishing the nutrient solution of nutrients such as containing nitrogen, phosphorus and buffer was 1.5L, control module 6 through nutrient solution provide unit 3 by nutrient solution spray head 5 regularly from the filler top evenly spray on monoblock biological filter media layer 2.Reactor temperature is kept 25 ℃ of constant temperature, and the pH value of nutrient solution is about 7.
The activated sludge of getting sewage treatment plant is as microbe inoculation.Adopt activated sludge biofilm method dynamically to tame biofilm.After one week, H in the waste gas of first order surface biological filter element outlet
2S concentration is 53mg/m
3, toluene concentration is 146mg/m
3Substantially detect less than H in the waste gas of second level outlet
2S, toluene concentration is 22mg/m
3Operation is one month continuously, H
2The removal efficient all-the-time stable of S is more than 99%, and the removal efficient of toluene is about 97%.The pH value of discharging waste liquid is between 3～6.5.Biofilm biomass in the first order surface biological filter element filtrate is obviously more than the second level, and color is darker.Bacterium colony the analysis showed that Thiobacillus is a dominant bacteria in the first order surface biological filter element, and the second level then is that bacillus is a dominant bacteria.
Simultaneously referring to table 1 as can be known, compare with various filter methods of the prior art, advantage of the present invention is exactly: gas distribution is even, pressure drop is less, bed height is little, volumetric loading is high, treating capacity is big, construction and operating cost is lower, long-term operation performance is stablized.
Table 1
| ? | Traditional biological is filtered | Bio-trickling | The rotary drum biofiltration | Surface biological of the present invention filters |
| Bed height (m) | 1～2? | 0.8～1.5? | 0.15～0.40? | 0.02～0.20? |
| The initial voidage of bed | 20％? | 50％? | ＞90％? | ＞90％? |
| Filler | Compost, gravel etc. | Compost, gravel and synthetic material etc. | Polyurethane foam | Poromerics |
| Filler service life (year) | 1～4? | 2～6? | ＞5? | ＞5? |
| Exhaust gas residence time (s) | 60～300? | 30～120? | 15～60? | 1～20? |
| Volumetric loading (m 3/m 3/d)? | 1,000? | 5,000? | 10,000? | 20,000? |
| Disposal ability | Less | Bigger | Less | Greatly |
| The liquid and the consumption that replenish | Water, less | Nutrient solution, more | Nutrient solution is many | Nutrient solution, more |
| The controllability of process | Difficult | Be easier to | Easily | Easily |
| Operation stability | Unstable | More stable | Stable | Stable |
| The scope of application | Narrower | Extensively | Extensively | Wider |
| Remove efficient | Generally | Higher | High | Higher |
| The device expenditure of construction | Low | Higher | High | Lower |
| The plant area area | Greatly | Less | Little | Very little |
| The device operation and maintenance cost | Low | Generally | Higher | Lower |
Claims (5)
1. discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring method is characterized in that step is:
(1), the biological filter media layer is set: the thin layer porous synthetic filling that adopts 0.02～0.2m is as the biological filter media layer, be used for adhering to and growing thereon for bacterium or fungi microbe, wherein filter medium is that porosity is 90%, the aperture is 20 purpose polyurethane sponges;
(2), waste gas filtering: required purified waste gas is passed the biological filter media layer with the low flow velocity of 0.005～0.05m/s, and the time of staying is 1～20s.
2. discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step (1), the top of nutrient solution from the biological filter media layer sprayed and descend, the nutrient and the living environment of growth of microorganism is provided.
3. discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: in step (1), waste collection, processing and the regeneration cycle that flow out biological filter media layer bottom are used.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring methods, it is characterized in that: in step (2), described waste gas throughput is controlled to be 1～10 * 10
4m
3/ m
3Medium/sky, empty bed flow velocity are controlled to be 0.005～0.05m/s, pressure drop is controlled to be 0～50Pa.
5. according to claim 2 or 3 described discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring methods, it is characterized in that: in step (1), the temperature of biological filter media layer is controlled to be that 20～35 ℃, pH value are controlled to be 5～8, the nutrition liquid measure of replenishing is controlled to be 0.2～2m
3/ m
3Medium/sky.
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| CN101249382B true CN101249382B (en) | 2011-04-20 |
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| CN102580520B (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2014-04-09 | 浙江大学 | Bio-trickling filtration device and method for treating organic waste gases |
| CN104671409B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-08-24 | 浙江至美环境科技有限公司 | A kind of method utilizing biological fluidized bed to process sewage |
| CN104815551A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-05 | 山东格林检测股份有限公司 | Treatment method and treatment device for garbage odor |
| CN106731777B (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2022-08-02 | 盐城工学院 | Bio-trickling filter device and bio-trickling filter system |
| CN106914127B (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2020-06-16 | 南京科技职业学院 | Method for treating nitrobenzene waste gas by coupling bacteria biological filter bed |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1221308C (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2005-10-05 | 百奥森特有限公司 | Biofilter equipped with stirrer and injector of solid feed and method for removing odor and volatile compounds from waste gases using same |
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| CN1221308C (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2005-10-05 | 百奥森特有限公司 | Biofilter equipped with stirrer and injector of solid feed and method for removing odor and volatile compounds from waste gases using same |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 吴丹.生物过滤法处理VOCs与NH_3混合气的性能研究.中国博士学位论文全文数据库工程科技第Ⅰ辑 大连理工大学博士学位论文 2.2008,(2),第38-39页. |
| 吴丹.生物过滤法处理VOCs与NH_3混合气的性能研究.中国博士学位论文全文数据库工程科技第Ⅰ辑 大连理工大学博士学位论文 2.2008,(2),第38-39页. * |
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Application publication date: 20080827 Assignee: Hunan grand Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. Assignor: Hunan University Contract record no.: 2014430000042 Denomination of invention: Discharge gas surface biofiltration scouring method and device Granted publication date: 20110420 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20140424 |
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