CN1392383A - Return oil control method of refrigeration system - Google Patents
Return oil control method of refrigeration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1392383A CN1392383A CN 01114820 CN01114820A CN1392383A CN 1392383 A CN1392383 A CN 1392383A CN 01114820 CN01114820 CN 01114820 CN 01114820 A CN01114820 A CN 01114820A CN 1392383 A CN1392383 A CN 1392383A
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Abstract
The return oil control method of refrigeration system features the timing direction alternation of the four-way valve for oil return in inverse running mode. Under heating condition, the four-way valve is direction altered for oil return for the first time after the compressor works continuously for 4 hours and direction altered for oil return for the next time after it works continuously for another 8 hours. Under cooling condition, the four-way valve is direction altered for oil return for the first time after the compressor works continuously for 2 hours and direction altered for oil return for the next time after in works continuous for another 4 hours. The time duration for each oil return is defined as 2 min.
Description
The present invention relates to refrigeration plant, more particularly, relate to a kind of antikinesis method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system.
Because compressor is in operation process, need machine oil to lubricate with the effect of reducing friction, but simultaneously, compressor is discharged oil and cold-producing medium when compression together, cold-producing medium undergoes phase transition between liquid state and gaseous state in the flow process, and oil but can not undergo phase transition, oil and gaseous refrigerant layering gradually, make oil be deposited on the bottom of refrigeration piping, can not flow back to compressor.To be stuck in duct bottom too much when oil, and the lubricated compressor of oil starvation will damage, and may burn out compressor when serious.Common air conditioner is without the oil return problem of taking into account system, because its connecting leg has only 5 meters, the flow of refrigerant distance is shorter, and oil is under the viscosity resistance effect of cold-producing medium, and most of oil can flow back to compressor.When refrigeration system is to drag for a long time; its connecting leg is 200 meters; drop between the indoor and outdoor machine can reach 50 meters; because the influence of long connecting leg, high drop; oil can not flow back to compressor; if insufficient oil return just might burn out compressor in about 10 hours backs of operation, thus system normally oil return be the very sport technique segment of key of assurance multi-split air conditioner stable operation.
Show that after deliberation the shuttling movement of oil in refrigeration system and the various factors of cold-producing medium have following relation:
(a) oil can fully be dissolved in liquid refrigerant, therefore can flow with liquid refrigerant; Oil is insoluble in gaseous refrigerant, therefore be difficult to move with gaseous refrigerant, but under high temperature, high pressure and high-speed condition, oil can flow with gaseous refrigerant, and the emphasis of visible oil return is to study the oil return that gaseous refrigerant is in non high temperature, high pressure and flow at high speed situation following time.
(b) refrigeration system is when cooling condition, its cold-producing medium is occurred on the evaporimeter by the phase transformation of liquid state to gaseous state, from evaporator outlet side to compressor return air oral-lateral is gaseous state, so oil return this moment emphasis will be considered the return-air side, just considers from evaporimeter to the pipeline between the compressor return air mouth.
(c) refrigeration system is when heating condition, and its cold-producing medium is occurred on the condenser by the phase transformation of liquid state to gaseous state, is gaseous state from condensator outlet side to compressor return air oral-lateral, so will consider oil return to this segment pipe.
The method for controlling oil return that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of refrigeration system can solve the problem of the oily shuttling movement of prior art refrigeration system, reduces oil and hold the storage loss in the refrigeration system ring, improves the stability of system and prolongs service life of compressor.
The method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system of the present invention mainly is a relation of utilizing oil described above and liquid state or gaseous refrigerant, by controlling the timing reversing of its cross valve, utilizes the antikinesis mode to carry out oil return, wherein:
Under heating condition, when operation is expired time period Tb1 for the first time continuously in compressor start back, the cross valve commutation, change to cooling condition oil return section running time T1 by heating condition after, cross valve commutates again, gets back to heating condition; Behind full described time period Tb1 for the first time, during the full time period Tb2 of the each operation continuously of compressor, the cross valve commutation, change to cooling condition oil return section running time T2 by heating condition after, cross valve commutates again, gets back to heating condition.
Under cooling condition, when operation is expired time period Ta1 for the first time continuously in compressor start back, the cross valve commutation, change to heating condition oil return section running time T3 by cooling condition after, cross valve commutates again, gets back to cooling condition; Behind full described time period Ta1 for the first time, during the full time period Ta2 of the each operation continuously of compressor, the cross valve commutation, change to heating condition oil return section running time T4 by cooling condition after, cross valve commutates again, gets back to cooling condition.
In the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system provided by the invention, under heating condition, also consider to have the situation of Defrost operation: because the Defrost operation process also is an oil return process concerning system, if in the continuous running Defrost operation is arranged after the compressor start, after then finishing from each Defrost operation, compressor is each to be moved when expiring time period Tb2 continuously, the cross valve commutation, after changing to cooling condition oil return section running time T2 by heating condition, cross valve commutates again, gets back to heating condition.
In the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system provided by the invention, also consider to have the situation of halt command:, then behind the oil return end of run, carry out halt command if compressor operating is in the oil return state when receiving halt command; If compressor operating is in defrost state when receiving halt command, then after Defrost operation finishes, carry out halt command; If the normal operating condition of compressor operating outside oil return and defrosting when receiving halt command, then the oil return operation is carried out in the cross valve commutation, behind the oil return end of run, carries out halt command again.
In the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system provided by the invention, can between the condenser of described refrigeration system and electric expansion valve, draw one and be with pipeline capillaceous, behind magnetic valve, receive the entrance point of low pressure receiver, change to heating condition oil return when operation by cooling condition satisfying the oil return condition, described magnetic valve on the described pipeline is opened, and can play the effect that shunting reduces compressor exhaust temperature and pressure.
In the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system provided by the invention, also consider each indoor set running status: in compressor each of section running time, for heating condition, if a certain indoor set that is connected with described compressor did not start, then this indoor set keeps closed condition in the oil return process; If a certain indoor set that is connected with described compressor has started, then the electric expansion valve of this indoor set is half-open position in the oil return process, indoor machine fan is closed, and this indoor set returned the running status before the oil return after oil return finished.Under cooling condition, difference is that a certain indoor set that described compressor connects has startup out-of-date, and the electric expansion valve of this indoor set is full-gear rather than half-open position.
In the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system provided by the invention; satisfying the oil return condition in described refrigeration system changes to heating condition by cooling condition or satisfies the oil return condition when changing to cooling condition by heating condition; after compressor shutdown reaches time period T5, start once more and carry out oil return.
In the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system provided by the invention, described time period Ta1 is 2 hours; Ta2 is 4 hours; Tb1 is 4 hours; Tb2 is 8 hours; T1, T2, T3, T4 are 2 minutes; T5 is 59 seconds.
Implement the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system provided by the invention, have following remarkable advantage: oil return is effective, and technology is fairly simple, and is applied widely, is applicable to refrigerator, air-conditioning, refrigerator, the refrigeration system of large and small central air-conditioning; Can effectively protect compressor, prolong the service life of compressor; Can improve the unfailing performance of system greatly.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, further specify characteristics of the present invention, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of refrigeration system when cooling condition that adopts method for controlling oil return of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of refrigeration system when heating condition that adopts method for controlling oil return of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram when adopting the refrigeration system of method for controlling oil return of the present invention to install injection line additional;
Fig. 4 is the workflow diagram of refrigeration system when heating condition that adopts method for controlling oil return of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the simplified flow chart of the flow process among Fig. 4 when getting Ta1=Ta2=2 minute;
Fig. 6 is the embodiment workflow diagram of refrigeration system when cooling condition that adopts method for controlling oil return of the present invention.
Oil can be more mixed than abundant arbitrarily with liquid refrigerant, so oil can flow with arbitrary speed with liquid refrigerant.Like this, oil just can not be parked in the liquid refrigerant zone.Oil is insoluble with gaseous refrigerant, and oil can be flowed, and just needs very big viscous force effect.If viscous force is enough not big, oil will be stuck in gaseous area, if cumulative, compressor will oil starvation.So system possibility store oil zone is in the gaseous state side of cold-producing medium.Under cooling condition, for cold-producing medium, the minimum point of temperature (during heating operation at condenser) on evaporimeter, so, in the easiest store oil of evaporimeter, adopt oil to carry out oil return than fully mixed this particularity arbitrarily exactly with liquid refrigerant to the store oil of evaporimeter.
When cooling condition, oil and the flow direction of cold-producing medium in system's ring are shown in the direction of arrow among Fig. 1, enter the mouth through four-way change-over valve 2 to condenser 3 from compressor 1 exhaust outlet, what flow is high temperature, high pressure, gas at a high speed, these three favourable oil returns of factor, simultaneously, compressor 1 exhaust outlet is very short to condenser 3 entrance pipes through four-way change-over valve 2, more can store oil.5 inlets from condenser 3 to evaporimeter, what flow is liquid refrigerant, so oil can not stagnated this pipeline section.What flow through four-way change-over valve 2 to compressor 1 from evaporimeter 5 is the gaseous refrigerant of low temperature, low pressure, low speed, comprises the gaseous regions before evaporimeter 1 outlet.Oil may be stored on this section pipeline.
Reverse oil return makes refrigeration into heating operation exactly under cooling condition.At this moment the flow of refrigerant direction is shown in the direction of arrow among Fig. 2, enter the mouth through four-way change-over valve 2 to evaporimeter 5 from compressor 1 exhaust outlet, what flow is high temperature, high pressure, gas refrigerant at a high speed, these three favourable oil returns of factor, originally be stuck in the oil of this pipe owing to be subjected to high temperature, high pressure, the influence of gas refrigerant at a high speed, originally the oil that was stuck in this pipe is brought to evaporimeter 5, at this moment evaporimeter 5 is condensed into liquid to gaseous refrigerant, changed evaporimeter gas-liquid two-phase distributed areas simultaneously, the oil that was stuck in evaporimeter 5 gaseous regions originally is dissolved in liquid refrigerant and mobile with liquid refrigerant.Is liquid refrigerant through electric expansion valve 4 to condenser 3 from evaporimeter 5, and this section pipeline can store oil.Is the refrigerant gas of low temperature, low pressure, low speed through four-way change-over valve 2 to what flow between the compressor 1 from condenser 3, in theory, and this section pipeline meeting store oil, but this section pipeline is very short, and actual store oil amount is also few.
If system is carrying out heating operation, flow of refrigerant as shown in Figure 2.Behind long-play, condenser 3 just may store oil.Adopt reverse oil return, that is to say heating operation is made into refrigerating operaton, at this moment flow of refrigerant as shown in Figure 1.High temperature, high pressure, gas refrigerant is at a high speed taken away the oil that is stuck on the condenser 3, and most oil is taken back compressor 1, has sub-fraction oil to be stored on the muffler.If the antikinesis overlong time, the store oil amount will increase on the muffler, so the antikinesis overlong time is unsuitable long.In other words, oil return is unsuitable long running time.For system, can realize oil return, be actually the recirculating oil quantity that utilizes in the short time is realized system greater than the store oil amount oil return.So, no matter heating operation or refrigerating operaton, system all can store part oil.
When cooling condition need carry out the oil return operation; system heats at high temperature; if system does not consider certain protection control; may cause that pressure at expulsion leads often higher; for making system stable operation; adopt the way of ejector refrigeration agent, the cooling suction temperature, thus reduce delivery temperature to reduce pressure at expulsion.Compared to Figure 1 described ejector refrigeration agent system is to enter low pressure receiver 6 in condenser 3 outlets after capillary 7 throttling coolings, step-down as shown in Figure 3, middlely carries out ON/OFF control by magnetic valve 8.When system is in refrigerating operaton and needs oil return, adopting reverse oil return actual is that refrigerating operaton is changed into heating operation, at this moment system is in high temperature and heats, the delivery temperature of compressor 1, pressure at expulsion increases, can exceed permissible value at short notice, in order to guarantee system's continous-stable operation, magnetic valve 8 is opened, lower the temperature through 7 throttlings capillaceous from a part of liquid refrigerant of condenser 3 shuntings, enter the overheated return-air of low pressure receiver 6 coolings after the step-down, reduce the suction temperature of compressor 1, to reduce the delivery temperature of compressor 1, pressure at expulsion guarantees the oil return operation of system.
The workflow of refrigeration system of the present invention when heating condition as shown in Figure 4, step 401 from figure, 402,403,404 as can be seen, under heating condition, when compressor brings into operation, the timer zero clearing picks up counting, and when time period Tb1 is expired in operation continuously, judges whether to expiring time period Tb1 after starting shooting for the first time, if execution in step 405 then, otherwise execution in step 414.Wherein, step 405-409 is the execution action of answering when expiring time period Tb1 for the first time after the compressor start:
Step 405: if Defrost operation was once arranged in the time period at T＜Tb1, because being exactly heating operation, Defrost operation switches to refrigerating operaton, in other words, the Defrost operation process also is an oil return process concerning system, so if Defrost operation was arranged then needn't carry out oil return operation once more, get back to step 402 and restart timing, otherwise execution in step 406;
Step 406,407,408,409: beginning oil return timing after the timer zero clearing, refrigeration system begins the oil return operation simultaneously, and the oil return time, refrigeration system turned back to the running status before the oil return, gets back to step 402 and restarts timing when expiring T1.
Wherein, step 415-420 is that the compressor start is expired after the time period Tb1 for the first time, should carry out action when time period Tb2 is expired in the every timing of timer:
Step 416: if Defrost operation was once arranged in the time period, then get back to step 402 and restart timing at T＜Tb2, otherwise execution in step 417;
Step 417,418,419,420: beginning oil return timing after the timer zero clearing, refrigeration system begins the oil return operation simultaneously, and the oil return time turns back to the preceding running status of oil return when expiring T2, gets back to step 402 and restarts timing.
Also comprise the step relevant with halt command on stream, refrigeration system may work under three kinds of situations when receiving halt command:
One, just in the oil return running status, as the step 410 among Fig. 4,411,412, and 421,422,423, then refrigeration system is shut down finishing its oil return operation back;
Two, just at the Defrost operation state, as step 424,425, then refrigeration system is shut down after finishing its Defrost operation;
Three, be in normal heating operation state, as step 403,414,426, then refrigeration system could be shut down after receiving and should executing oil return operation behind the halt command, i.e. completing steps 426,422,423 shutdown afterwards.
In above-mentioned heating process, desirable Tb1 is 4 hours; Tb2 is 8 hours; T1, T2 are 2 minutes, and flow chart can further merge and was reduced to as shown in Figure 5 this moment.As can be seen from the figure, because of T1=T2=2 minute, then step 406-412 among Fig. 4 and 417-423 were same steps, can merge into a flow process, were the step 506-512 among Fig. 5.Among Fig. 5 all flow processs be step 501-519, compare with step 401-426 among Fig. 4, just lacked these 7 steps of 417-423.Other about shut down and the step of Defrost operation and Fig. 4 in identical, be that step number is different.
The flow process of refrigeration system of the present invention when cooling condition as shown in Figure 6, wherein getting the oil return cycle first time is 2 hours, and the later oil return cycle is 4 hours for the first time, and the time of each oil return operation is 2 minutes, because of there not being Defrost operation in the process of refrigerastion, so whole flow process is simpler during than heating condition.Step 601-608 and 614 is a normal course of operation, and step 603,609-612 and 613 are the situation when halt command is arranged, and flow process is similar among its principle and Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.
In the method for controlling oil return of the present invention; in order to prevent that the big pressure reduction of compressor from starting, satisfy the oil return condition in described refrigeration system and change to heating condition by cooling condition or satisfy the oil return condition when changing to cooling condition, compressor shutdown 59 seconds by heating condition; in the time of the 60th second, start once more.
In the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system provided by the invention, if refrigeration system is to drag multisystem, promptly an off-premises station drives a plurality of indoor sets, then also needs to consider the running status of each indoor set:
One, for heating condition, in compressor each of section, if a certain indoor set that is connected with described compressor did not start, then this indoor set keeps closed condition in the oil return process running time; If a certain indoor set that is connected with described compressor has started, then the electric expansion valve of this indoor set is half-open position in the oil return process, indoor machine fan is closed, and this indoor set returned the running status before the oil return after oil return finished.
Two, for cooling condition, in compressor each of section, if a certain indoor set that is connected with described compressor did not start, then this indoor set keeps closed condition in the oil return process running time; If a certain indoor set that is connected with described compressor has started, then the difference electric expansion valve that is this indoor set is full-gear, indoor machine fan is closed, and this indoor set returned the running status before the oil return after oil return finished.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system is characterized in that, by controlling the timing reversing of its cross valve, utilizes the antikinesis mode to carry out oil return, wherein:
(1) under heating condition, carry out oil return according to the following steps:
When (1.1) operation is expired time period Tb1 for the first time continuously in compressor start back, the cross valve commutation, change to cooling condition oil return section running time T1 by heating condition after, cross valve commutates again, gets back to heating condition;
(1.2) behind full described time period Tb1 for the first time, during the full time period Tb2 of the each operation continuously of compressor, the cross valve commutation, change to cooling condition oil return section running time T2 by heating condition after, cross valve commutates again, gets back to heating condition,
(2) under cooling condition, carry out oil return according to the following steps:
When (2.1) operation is expired time period Ta1 for the first time continuously in compressor start back, the cross valve commutation, change to heating condition oil return section running time T3 by cooling condition after, cross valve commutates again, gets back to cooling condition;
(2.2) behind full described time period Ta1 for the first time, during the full time period Ta2 of the each operation continuously of compressor, the cross valve commutation, change to heating condition oil return section running time T4 by cooling condition after, cross valve commutates again, gets back to cooling condition.
2, the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, under heating condition, also comprises the following step relevant with Defrost operation:
If in the continuous running Defrost operation is arranged after the compressor start, after then finishing from each Defrost operation, compressor is each to be moved when expiring time period Tb2 continuously, the cross valve commutation, after changing to cooling condition oil return section running time T2 by heating condition, cross valve commutates again, gets back to heating condition.
3, the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, under heating condition, also comprises the following step relevant with halt command:
(1), then after the oil return operation reaches time period T2, carries out halt command if compressor operating is in the oil return state when receiving halt command;
(2) if compressor operating is in non-oil return state when receiving halt command, then cross valve commutation, change to cooling condition oil return section running time T2 by heating condition after, carry out halt command.
4, the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, under heating condition, also comprises the following step relevant with halt command:
(1), then after the oil return operation reaches time period T2, carries out halt command if compressor operating is in the oil return state when receiving halt command;
(2), then after Defrost operation finishes, carry out halt command if compressor operating is in defrost state when receiving halt command;
(3) if compressor operating is in normal operating condition when receiving halt command, then cross valve commutation, change to cooling condition oil return section running time T2 by heating condition after, carry out halt command.
5, the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, under cooling condition, also comprises the following step relevant with halt command:
(1), then after the oil return operation reaches time period T4, carries out halt command if compressor operating is in the oil return state when receiving halt command;
(2) if compressor operating is in non-oil return state when receiving halt command, then cross valve commutation, change to heating condition oil return section running time T4 by cooling condition after, carry out halt command.
6, the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, under heating condition, also comprise the following step relevant: before the continuous operation in compressor start back is expired time period Tb1 for the first time or behind full described time period Tb1 with each indoor set running status, before the full time period Tb2 of the each operation continuously of compressor
(1) if a certain indoor set that is connected with described compressor did not start, then this indoor set keeps closed condition in the oil return process;
(2) if a certain indoor set that is connected with described compressor has to be started, then the electric expansion valve of this indoor set is half-open position in the oil return process, indoor machine fan is closed, and this indoor set returned the running status before the oil return after oil return finished.
7, the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, under cooling condition, also comprise the following step relevant: before the continuous operation in compressor start back is expired time period Ta1 for the first time or behind full described time period Ta1 with each indoor set running status, before the full time period Ta2 of the each operation continuously of compressor
(1) if a certain indoor set that is connected with described compressor did not start, then this indoor set keeps closed condition in the oil return process;
(2) if a certain indoor set that is connected with described compressor has to be started, then the electric expansion valve of this indoor set is full-gear in the oil return process, indoor machine fan is closed, and this indoor set returned the running status before the oil return after oil return finished.
8, the method for controlling oil return of refrigeration system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, between the condenser of described refrigeration system and electric expansion valve, draw one and be with pipeline capillaceous, behind magnetic valve, receive the entrance point of low pressure receiver, change to heating condition oil return when operation by cooling condition satisfying the oil return condition, described magnetic valve on the described pipeline is opened, and can play the effect that shunting reduces compressor exhaust temperature and pressure.
9, according to the method for controlling oil return of each described refrigeration system among the claim 1-8; it is characterized in that; satisfying the oil return condition in described refrigeration system changes to heating condition by cooling condition or satisfies the oil return condition when changing to cooling condition by heating condition; after compressor shutdown reaches time period T5, start once more and carry out oil return.
According to the method for controlling oil return of each described refrigeration system among the claim 1-8, it is characterized in that 10, described time period Ta1 is 2 hours; Ta2 is 4 hours; Tb1 is 4 hours; Tb2 is 8 hours; T1, T2, T3, T4 are 2 minutes; T5 is 59 seconds.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011148209A CN1183366C (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2001-06-15 | Return oil control method of refrigeration system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011148209A CN1183366C (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2001-06-15 | Return oil control method of refrigeration system |
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| CN1392383A true CN1392383A (en) | 2003-01-22 |
| CN1183366C CN1183366C (en) | 2005-01-05 |
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| CNB011148209A Expired - Fee Related CN1183366C (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2001-06-15 | Return oil control method of refrigeration system |
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| CN100443833C (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2008-12-17 | 大金工业株式会社 | Freezer device |
| CN101443606B (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2012-06-20 | 阿塞里克股份有限公司 | Cooling device and the control method |
| CN103900164A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-02 | 华南理工大学 | Air-conditioning outdoor unit capable of reducing refrigerant charge and method implemented by air-conditioning outdoor unit |
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- 2001-06-15 CN CNB011148209A patent/CN1183366C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN104344621A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-02-11 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Oil returning control method and oil returning control device for refrigerating system |
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| CN103900164A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-02 | 华南理工大学 | Air-conditioning outdoor unit capable of reducing refrigerant charge and method implemented by air-conditioning outdoor unit |
| CN104215007A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-17 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Method and system for controlling oil return of cold and hot water air conditioning unit |
| CN104913556B (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2017-06-30 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Recuperation of heat air-cooled heat pump cold-hot water machine and its method for controlling oil return |
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| CN109405216A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-03-01 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Method for controlling oil return, system and the air conditioner of air conditioner |
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| CN111426011A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-17 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Control method of air conditioning system, air conditioning system and computer storage medium |
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| CN112984867B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-08-09 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Air conditioner heating oil return control method and device and air conditioner |
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