CN1388768A - Composite metal powder for powder metallurgy - Google Patents

Composite metal powder for powder metallurgy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1388768A
CN1388768A CN01802596A CN01802596A CN1388768A CN 1388768 A CN1388768 A CN 1388768A CN 01802596 A CN01802596 A CN 01802596A CN 01802596 A CN01802596 A CN 01802596A CN 1388768 A CN1388768 A CN 1388768A
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powder
weight
copper
composite metal
metal powder
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CN1180904C (en
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森英之
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Nikko Materials Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/17Metallic particles coated with metal

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  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

A composite metal powder for powder metallurgy having a powder of a metal other than copper and 5 to 75 wt % of a covering layer of copper or copper alloy, characterized in that the composite metal powder has a calcium content of 0.02 wt % or less. The composite metal powder for powder metallurgy can be used for producing sintered parts having a predetermined strength with stability.

Description

Composite metal powder for powder metallurgy
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used to make the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of sintered mechanical part, sintered bearing etc., especially relate to the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy that stably to make sintered component of sintered body excellent strength.
Background technology
In general, employed self-lubricating materials such as sintered mechanical part, sintered bearing are coated on iron powder, glass putty, copper powder or molybdenum bisuphide etc. with copper or copper alloy etc. and go up and be used.
For example, the so-called copper clad iron powder that coats copper on the iron powder surface of the raw material that is suitable for use as sintered component is arranged, this copper clad iron powder be equivalent to copper be the press-powder body sintering temperature≤make that to have desired value be 15kg/mm under 745 ℃ the sintering temperature 2About the sintered component (for example bearing shell) of radial strength.
In the past, manufacture method as this type of copper clad iron powder, once propose: in having added the copper salt solution of 0.05~10% sulfuric acid, drop into the copper afterwash drying that iron powder that iron powder makes each single particle coats necessary amounts, further in reducing gas atmosphere such as hydrogen, implement and to add the method (opening clear 48-88053 communique) that thermal reduction is handled with reference to the spy.
But, with the copper clad iron powder that this method obtains, have optimal sintering temperature than higher, reach 1100~1150 ℃ shortcoming.
That is, the copper clad iron powder that obtains for said method is that the copper clad iron powder of 40.4 weight % is at 3.0T/cm with coating the copper amount 2Following extrusion forming, the radial strength of the cylindrical shape press-powder body of making in 30 minutes at 800 ℃ of following sintering is 12~15kg/mm at most 2, be difficult to stably obtain to have 15kg/mm 2About or higher radial strength.
Because this situation, the applicant once proposed: make iron powder and contain the organic acid copper salt solution and contact, make each particle of this iron powder all coat copper, then the copper clad iron powder that obtains is cleaned the back and implement antirust processing, by drying, under≤745 ℃ sintering temperature, make and demonstrate 〉=15kg/mm 2The copper clad iron powder (special public clear 57-1561 communique) of radial strength.
This itself is effective manufacture method, but, under the situation that is used for purposes such as sintered metal bearing, sintered mechanical part, the problem that exists is: because composite powder is created conditions or the kind difference of the powder that uses, sintered body intensity produces fluctuation, according to the occasion difference, radial strength is at 13~14kg/mm 2About or lower.
Summary of the invention
Problem of the present invention is: acquisition has stable intensity behind sintering the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy that can make sintered component.
The inventor is in order to address the above problem, and the condition of material powder and the plating bath that is used to coat has been carried out various researchs, and the result obtains following knowledge: the impurity calcium that contains among them is to make sintered body intensity produce the reason of fluctuation.
The present invention is based on this knowledge following composite metal powder for powder metallurgy be provided:
1. composite metal powder for powder metallurgy, it is characterized in that: on the metal powder beyond the copper, form the copper of 5 weight %~75 weight % or the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of copper alloy clad, the calcium content in this composite metal powder≤0.02 weight %;
2. according to the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of above-mentioned 1 record, it is characterized in that: as the calcium content≤0.06 weight % that is contained in the metal powder beyond the copper of raw meal;
3. according to the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of above-mentioned 1 or 2 records, it is characterized in that: the metal powder beyond the copper is an iron powder;
4. according to the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of above-mentioned 3 records, it is characterized in that: iron powder is a reduced iron powder;
5. according to the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of above-mentioned 1~4 record, it is characterized in that: the copper content of copper alloy clad 〉=50 weight %.The working of an invention scheme
As the material powder of composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of the present invention, use copper metal powder in addition.As this material powder, use metal powders such as iron powder, glass putty.
In the present invention, the price of iron powder is low, can obtain the sintered body of excellent properties on intensity, wearability this point.
Again, in iron powder, representative spraying iron powder (atomized iron powder), because through the fusion operation, therefore calcium content is lower than reduced iron powder, but powder inside is not spongy resemble the reduced iron powder, thus iron can not sintering≤be difficult to obtain high sintering strength in 1000 ℃ the sintering.
Therefore, by above reason, wish to use iron powder, especially reduced iron powder.Again, the calcium content that is contained in the raw meal as the metal powder beyond this copper, necessary≤0.06 weight %, preferably≤0.04 weight %.
When calcium content contained in the raw meal surpasses 0.06 weight %, use the calcium content in the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy that this raw material makes to increase, surpass 0.02 weight %, radial strength reduces, and therefore is defined as above-mentioned scope.
On metal powders such as above-mentioned iron powder, further form copper or the copper alloy clad of 5 weight %~75 weight %, make composite metal powder for powder metallurgy.When copper or copper alloy clad less than 5 weight %, the clad of copper on metal powder is thin or inhomogeneous, and characteristic can not obtain or fluctuate and become big; When copper or copper alloy clad surpassed 75 weight %, manufacturing cost increases, and was uneconomical.Therefore, be defined as above-mentioned scope.
Calcium content in this composite metal powder is necessary≤0.02 weight %.When the calcium content in this composite metal powder surpassed 0.02 weight %, radial strength reduced, and therefore was defined as above-mentioned scope.
Especially from running water etc., sneak into the possibility height of calcium, so in each operation of making, must avoid sneaking into calcium from the outside.
The copper content of copper alloy clad is decided to be 〉=50% weight %.Usually, the metal that is used for sintered body is based on iron and copper, and metal in addition only uses its amount≤10 weight % as adding material.Therefore, copper tenor is in addition reached 〉=50 weight %, how impracticable content is, therefore is defined as above-mentioned scope.
Embodiment and comparative example
Below, describe with regard to embodiments of the invention.Moreover present embodiment is an example, is not to be only limited to this example.That is, in the scope of technological thought of the present invention, also all comprise embodiment form or distortion in addition.
Embodiment 1
Adopt the reduced iron powder A (sample No.1~4) of displacement method to calcium concentration≤0.05 weight %, copper facing, obtaining copper content is the copper facing iron powder of 21 weight %.
This copper facing iron powder is mixed the lubricant (zinc stearate) of 0.5 weight %, use the mixed powder that obtains, with 5.75kg/cm 3Density as pressed be molded into the test film of φ 10 * φ 18 * 7mmH, adopt wire-mesh belt furnace in 770 ℃ of sintering temperatures, sintering time 20 minutes and decomposed ammonia body atmosphere N 2: H 2Carry out sintering under=1: 3 the condition.
According to the radial strength test method (JIS Z2507) of sintered metal bearing, this sintered body is measured radial strength and outside dimension rate of change.With the calcium concentration in the iron powder, formed the copper alloy clad composite metal powder for powder metallurgy calcium concentration (total amount), radial strength and outside dimension rate of change the results are shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2
Adopting displacement method is reduced iron powder B (sample No.5) copper facing of 0.037 weight % to calcium concentration, obtains the copper facing iron powder of copper content at 21 weight %.
This copper facing iron powder is mixed the lubricant (zinc stearate) of 0.5 weight %, use the mixed powder that obtains, with 5.75kg/cm 3Density as pressed be molded into the test film of φ 10 * φ 18 * 7mmH, adopt wire-mesh belt furnace in 770 ℃ of sintering temperatures, sintering time 20 minutes and decomposed ammonia body atmosphere N 2: H 2Carry out sintering under=1: 3 the condition.
Radial strength test method (JIS Z2507) according to sintered metal bearing is measured radial strength to this sintered body.Calcium concentration in the iron powder, the result of calcium concentration (total amount), radial strength and outside dimension rate of change that formed the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of copper alloy clad are shown in table 1 equally.
Embodiment 3
At the copper that is obtained by the foregoing description 2 is in the copper facing iron powder (sample No.5) of 21 weight %, interpolation by screening obtain≤(company produces with the pure pharmaceutical worker's industry of light for the calcium oxide fine powder of 45 μ m, one-level reagent), wherein, be 0.005 weight % (sample No.6) as the calcium component addition.
This sample of sintering under condition similarly to Example 2, and this sintered body is measured radial strength according to the radial strength test method (JIS Z2507) of sintered metal bearing.Calcium concentration in the iron powder, the result of calcium concentration (total amount), radial strength and outside dimension rate of change that formed the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of copper alloy clad are shown in table 1 equally.Comparative example 1
Adopt the high reduced iron powder A (sample No.7~10) of calcium concentration, measure radial strength the samely with embodiment 1.
The same with embodiment 1, with the table 1 that the results are shown in of the calcium concentration in the iron powder, the calcium concentration (total amount) of composite metal powder for powder metallurgy that has formed the copper alloy clad and radial strength.Comparative example 2
Copper at the sample No.1 of embodiment 1 is in the copper facing iron powder of 21 weight %, uses calcium hydroxide (producing one-level reagent with the pure medicine of light company), adds calcium component 0.010 weight % (sample No.11) in this copper facing iron powder.
Then, with the above-mentioned the same radial strength of measuring.
The same with embodiment 1, with the calcium concentration in the iron powder, formed the copper alloy clad composite metal powder for powder metallurgy calcium concentration (total amount), radial strength and outside dimension rate of change the results are shown in table 1.Comparative example 3
At the copper that is obtained by the foregoing description 2 is in the copper facing iron powder (sample No.12) of 21 weight %, interpolation by screening obtain≤(company produces with the pure pharmaceutical worker's industry of light for the fine powder calcium oxide of 45 μ m, one-level reagent), wherein, be 0.020 weight % as the calcium component addition.
This sample of sintering under condition similarly to Example 2, and this sintered body is measured radial strength according to the radial strength test method (JIS Z2507) of sintered metal bearing.Calcium concentration in the iron powder, the result of calcium concentration (total amount), radial strength and outside dimension rate of change that formed the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of copper alloy clad are shown in table 1 equally.
Embodiment 4
When adopting displacement method that calcium concentration is reduced iron powder A (sample No.13) copper facing of 0.038 weight %, (company produces with the pure pharmaceutical worker's industry of light to add calcium carbonate in plating bath, one-level reagent), making calcium concentration is 0.006 weight %, 0.024 weight %, carries out plating (sample No.13,14).
The same with embodiment 1, the calcium concentration in its iron powder, the calcium concentration (total amount) of composite metal powder for powder metallurgy that forms the copper alloy clad and the result of radial strength are shown in table 1 equally.
Table 1
Sample No. The Ca content (weight %) of iron powder The Ca content (weight %) of copper facing iron powder Radial strength (kg/ mm 2) Size changing rate (%)
Embodiment ??1 ????1 ????0.034 ????0.015 ????14.5 ??-0.33
????2 ????0.037 ????0.014 ????14.7 ??-
????3 ????0.040 ????0.016 ????15.0 ??-
????4 ????0.036 ????0.016 ????14.9 ??-
??2 ????5 ????0.037 ????0.008 ????15.9 ??-0.49
??3 ????6 ????- ????0.013 ????15.1 ??-0.44
Comparative example ??1 ????7 ????0.092 ????0.034 ????12.3 ??-
????8 ????0.095 ????0.034 ????12.6 ??-
????9 ????0.120 ????0.038 ????13.2 ??-
????10 ????0.107 ????0.033 ????12.9 ??-
??2 ????11 ????- ????0.025 ????10.5 ??-0.16
??3 ????12 ????- ????0.028 ????12.4 ??-0.38
Embodiment ??4 ????13 ????0.038 ????0.016 ????14.4 ??-
????14 ????0.038 ????0.016 ????14.6 ??-
Shown in above-mentioned table 1, in present embodiment 1 (sample No.1~4), the calcium concentration among the reduced iron powder A is respectively 0.034 weight %, 0.037 weight %, 0.040 weight %, 0.036 weight %, is≤0.06 weight %; In addition, the calcium content in the composite metal powder is respectively 0.015 weight %, 0.014 weight %, 0.016 weight %, 0.01 weight %, is≤0.02 weight %.As a result, radial strength is respectively 14.5kg/mm 2, 14.7kg/mm 2, 15kg/mm 2, 14.9kg/mm 2, demonstrate stable good radial strength.Again, the size changing rate shown in the sample No.1 is-0.33%, has good agglutinating property.
In the sample No.5 of present embodiment 2, calcium concentration among the reduced iron powder B is 0.037 weight %, in addition, the sample No.6 of present embodiment 3, it is the sample that in sample No.5, has added Ca 50ppm, calcium content in the composite metal powder is respectively 0.008 weight % and 0.013 weight % all within the scope of the present invention.
Its result, radial strength is respectively 15.9kg/mm 2And 15.1kg/mm 2, demonstrate stable good radial strength.Again, the size changing rate shown in sample No.5 and the No.6 is respectively-0.49% and-0.49%, and is the same with embodiment 1, has good agglutinating property.
Relative therewith, in comparative example 1 (sample No.5~8), calcium concentration among the reduced iron powder A is respectively 0.092 weight %, 0.095 weight %, 0.120 weight %, 0.107 weight %, all above 0.06 weight %, in addition, calcium content in the composite metal powder is respectively 0.034 weight %, 0.034 weight %, 0.038 weight %, 0.033 weight %, all above 0.02 weight %.
Its result, radial strength is respectively 12.3kg/mm 2, 12.6kg/mm 2, 13.2kg/mm 2, 12.9kg/mm 2, radial strength significantly reduces.
This shows, because the influence of a little calcium concentration causes the radial strength fluctuation very big.Can think, when≤1000 ℃ of sintering, because iron sintering hardly, so calcium concentration strengthens the influence of the twenty percent copper of sintering.
The sample No.11 of comparative example 2 is the samples that added Ca 100ppm in sample No.1, and the calcium content in the composite metal powder is 0.025 weight %, has surpassed 0.02 weight %.In this case, although calcium content is 0.025 weight %, calcium is poly-partially the distribution on the composite metal powder surface, so radial strength is reduced to 10.5kg/mm sharp 2
Again, when the comparing dimensions rate of change, size changing rate narrows down to-0.16% from-0.33%, can think because the effect of calcium has hindered the carrying out of sintering.
The sample No.12 of comparative example 3 is the samples that added Ca 200ppm in sample No.5, and the calcium content in the composite metal powder is 0.028 weight %, has surpassed 0.02 weight %.In this case, although the outside dimension rate of change demonstrates good numerical value, radial strength is but from 15.9kg/mm 2Be reduced to 12.4kg/mm sharp 2
The sample 13,14 of embodiment 4 is to add Ca in plating bath, whether contains the sample of calcium in the research coating.Calcium content in the composite metal powder be roughly with 0.016 weight % of sample No.1~4 pars, know, in coating, contain calcium hardly.In this case, demonstrating radial strength is 14.4kg/mm 2, 14.6kg/mm 2Good strength.
As implied abovely can know that the calcium that contains in the iron powder residues in the composite metal powder, the sintering by right≤1000 ℃ exerts an influence, and makes the radial strength fluctuation, can not obtain having the sintered component of strength of stability under most occasions.Its result under the situation of having used iron powder metal powder in addition, also can obtain same result as raw meal.
The effect of invention
As mentioned above, by making the calcium content in the composite metal powder be≤0.02 % by weight, intensity to the raising sintered body is effective, have the remarkable result that to make stable sintered component, the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of the excellence of the quality improvement that makes sintered mechanical part, sintered bearing etc. can be provided.

Claims (5)

1. composite metal powder for powder metallurgy, it is characterized in that: it is to form the copper of 5 weight %~75 weight % or the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of copper alloy clad, the calcium content in this composite metal powder≤0.02 weight % on the metal powder beyond the copper.
2. according to the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of claim 1 record, it is characterized in that: as the calcium content≤0.06 weight % that is contained in the metal powder beyond the copper of raw meal.
3. according to the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of claim 1 or 2 records, it is characterized in that: the metal powder beyond the copper is an iron powder.
4. according to the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of claim 3 record, it is characterized in that: iron powder is a reduced iron powder.
5. according to the composite metal powder for powder metallurgy of claim 1~4 record, it is characterized in that: the copper content of copper alloy clad 〉=50 weight %.
CNB01802596XA 2000-09-04 2001-08-06 Composite metal powder for powder metallurgy Expired - Lifetime CN1180904C (en)

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JP266768/2000 2000-09-04
JP2000266768A JP3842533B2 (en) 2000-09-04 2000-09-04 Composite metal powder for powder metallurgy
JP266768/00 2000-09-04

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CN1180904C CN1180904C (en) 2004-12-22

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KR (1) KR100484349B1 (en)
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MY (1) MY137617A (en)
TW (1) TW490336B (en)
WO (1) WO2002020198A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101088672B (en) * 2007-07-18 2010-05-12 重庆扬子粉末冶金有限责任公司 Cu-Sn-Zn-Pb alloy coated composite iron powder and its production process
CN101088671B (en) * 2007-07-18 2010-10-13 重庆扬子粉末冶金有限责任公司 Brass coated composite iron powder and its production process

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS51136508A (en) * 1975-05-21 1976-11-26 Akebono Brake Ind Co Ltd Pro cess for production of reinforced sintered friction material
JPS6179706A (en) * 1984-09-27 1986-04-23 Tsurumi Soda Kk Manufacture of copper coated iron powder
JPH01180902A (en) * 1988-01-12 1989-07-18 Kobe Steel Ltd Fe powder for sintering
JPH03150330A (en) * 1989-11-07 1991-06-26 Sankyo Seiki Mfg Co Ltd Manufacture of bearing
JP3484674B2 (en) * 1994-09-21 2004-01-06 同和鉄粉工業株式会社 Method for producing iron-based copper composite powder for powder metallurgy

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101088672B (en) * 2007-07-18 2010-05-12 重庆扬子粉末冶金有限责任公司 Cu-Sn-Zn-Pb alloy coated composite iron powder and its production process
CN101088671B (en) * 2007-07-18 2010-10-13 重庆扬子粉末冶金有限责任公司 Brass coated composite iron powder and its production process

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JP3842533B2 (en) 2006-11-08
KR20020062638A (en) 2002-07-26
MY137617A (en) 2009-02-27
KR100484349B1 (en) 2005-04-20
JP2002069504A (en) 2002-03-08
TW490336B (en) 2002-06-11
CN1180904C (en) 2004-12-22
WO2002020198A1 (en) 2002-03-14

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