CN1381851A - Integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet and its preparing process - Google Patents
Integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet and its preparing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1381851A CN1381851A CN 02124001 CN02124001A CN1381851A CN 1381851 A CN1381851 A CN 1381851A CN 02124001 CN02124001 CN 02124001 CN 02124001 A CN02124001 A CN 02124001A CN 1381851 A CN1381851 A CN 1381851A
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Abstract
An integrally sintered rare-earth permanent magnet features that it has more than two textural structures in it and its surface has more than 2 magnetic poles. It is prepared through loading permanent-magnet rare-earth powder in a mould, setting up the orientation of magnetic poles, pressing, sintering under protection of argon gas, cooling, annealing, and magnetizing. Its advantages are high magnetic performance index and good mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the manufacturing field of rare-earth permanent magnet.Be specially adapted to adopt powder metallurgy side
The integrally sintered rare-earth permanent magnet of multipole orientation texture that method is prepared.
Background technology
In the prior art, adopt the production technology of the integrally sintered rare-earth permanent magnet of powder metallurgy process preparation to have multiple, powder metallurgy sintered moulding permanent magnet, powder bonded moulding, casting etc. are for example arranged, but because the characteristic that permanent magnetic material itself is had makes the user of material and the magnet that the designed permanent magnet of designer is N-S one pole orientation texture.As everyone knows, in magnetic material, want to make permanent magnet to obtain high magnetic property, then must make the magnetic material interior tissue carry out orderly arrangement, so high magnetic material all has very strong magnetic anisotropy along easy axis.In multipole orientation texture rare-earth permanent magnet, the easy magnetizing axis of position of magnetic pole is by realizing along this place's magnet surface normal direction orientation, therefore at the magnetic pole place that forms orientation texture, just may have very strong magnetic anisotropy, thereby the magnetic field at magnetic pole place is strengthened greatly.And up to the present the many texture orientation permanent magnets that adopt sintered rare earth permanent magnet alloy to produce yet there are no and have been relevant report.In the production of prior art, have and adopt the method for mold pressing bonding magnetic to produce the multipole ring of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic, in the preparation of this permanent-magnetic clamp, the magnetic powder material that is adopted is isotropic permanent magnetism powder, then magnetic and epoxide resin is mixed powder after finish after the mold pressing, baking.So the very low and restriction that is subjected to the magnet inherent characteristic of the magnetic property of such bonding mold pressing multipole permanent magnet is also very narrow at the territory that uses.Also having this obligee in addition is in (ZL, 88103837) patent documentation in the patent No. of preceding application, " radial orientation Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic ring and the manufacture method thereof " introduced is a kind of permanent magnet that adopts the anisotropic magnet powder preparation, pass through permanent magnet after radial magnetizing, though magnetic field strengthens to some extent on the direction of permanent-magnetic clamp orientation, but this kind permanent magnet still is the magnet of N-S one pole orientation texture, its shortcoming is that the degree of orientation is low, and magnetic property is poor.Up to the present yet there are no the relevant anisotropic rare earth permanent magnet powder that adopts, be prepared into multipole orientation, in material, form many texture, integrally sintered rare-earth permanent magnet.
Goal of the invention and content
The objective of the invention is to propose to have every magnetic property index height, good mechanical property, integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet that the scope of application is wide and preparation method thereof.
By integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet proposed by the invention and preparation method thereof, the composition of this permanent magnet is to adopt the magnetic anisotropy powder, after orientation compression moulding, forms through integral sintered prepared again.This rare-earth permanent magnet has the inner texture structure of anisotropy of multipolarity, the crystal grain magnetic easy magnetizing axis of forming this integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnetic material, be to carry out orderly multipole orientations, compression moulding by designer's designing requirement, rare-earth permanent magnet after the process sintering processes is again after multipole corresponding many texture structures magnetize, the distribution of the inherent multipole orientation texture that its this magnet forms, may be embodied in the magnetic field effect that each magnetic pole place can obtain to strengthen, also can reduce the effect in magnetic field in some position simultaneously as far as possible.Therefore product proposed by the invention is a kind of rare-earth permanent magnet of integrally sintered multi-texture, it is characterized in that having two or more inside texture structures in the rare-earth permanent magnet of this integrally sintered multi-texture, the surface of this rare-earth permanent magnet has plural magnetic pole.The preparation of this multipole rare-earth permanent magnet is to adopt (SmRe)
28～38(CoTM)
62～72(SmRe)
22～29(CoTM)
71～78(NdRe)
25～35(CoTM)
63.8～74.2B
0.8～1.2In these three kinds of rare earth permanent-magnet powders any one.Prepare above-mentioned rare earth permanent magnet body and function permanent-magnet powder and should adopt the rare earth permanent-magnet powder with magnetic anisotropy, the particle mean size for preparing the permanent-magnet powder of many texture rare-earth permanent magnet should be 3-8 μ m.The preparation method of the integrally sintered rare-earth permanent magnet of this multipole orientation texture; it is the rare earth permanent magnet powder that adopts powder metallurgical technique to produce; after multipole orientation, compression moulding, carry out sintering heat treatment again; it is characterized in that rare earth permanent magnet powder is packed in the mould; be pressed again after the orientation through setting magnetic pole; under argon shield, carry out sintering and heat treatment then,, satisfy with closing by the corresponding magnetic pole of orientation and magnetize again to the existing rare-earth permanent magnet of setting texture.In the preparation method of above-mentioned integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet, sintering schedule is that 1020 ℃-1300 ℃ insulations control that speed is cooled to room temperature or gas is quenched to room temperature after 0.5-3 hour, and heat treatment temperature is that 500 ℃-1000 ℃ insulations were carried out gas ocean, gradient cooling insulation back in 0.5-5 hour and are cooled to room temperature.In the composition of above-mentioned rare-earth permanent magnet: Re be meant comprise Y with other rare earth element; TM is any one in the transition elements, or multiple element sum; The numeral of bracket subscript all refers to (weight %).
What the present invention proposed is the rare-earth permanent magnet with integrally sintered multi-texture.This magnet has the inherent texture structure of multipolarity, the formation of this texture structure is the requirement by the designer, the magnetic easy axis of rare earth permanent-magnetic material powder grain need be carried out orientations by design, after multipole orientation magnetizes, then the magnetic line of force by orientation distributes in mould, the magnetic field that can settle flexibly as required and can strengthen, reduce magnetic field in some position, (schematic diagram) as shown in drawings at the magnetic pole place as far as possible.What provide in the accompanying drawings is the rare-earth permanent magnet with 5 pairs of orientations (closed magnetic circuit) magnetic pole, from accompanying drawing as can be seen, this magnet is that the rare-earth permanent magnet inside behind orientation, compression moulding, sintering has five groups of easy magnetization texture to exist, after magnetizing in magnet the schematic diagram of shown magnetizing field.Show very weak magnetic property (when the magnetic domain orientations of the magnetic easy axis of crystal grain) on the top of this rare-earth permanent magnet, and truly have very 5 pairs of N-S magnetic poles of high-intensity magnetic field in the bottom of this rare-earth permanent magnet because the leakage field scattering causes.The preparation method of integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet of the present invention is to adopt (SmRe)
28～38(CoTM)
62～72(SmRe)
22～29(CoTM)
71～78(NdRe)
25～35(CoTM)
63.8～74.2B
0.8-1.2In these three kinds of rare earth permanent-magnet powders any one, preparation raw material as many texture rare-earth permanent magnet, at first be averaged granularity 3-8 μ m's, rare earth permanent magnet powder with magnetic anisotropy is put into press-moulding die, and carry out multipole orientation and die mould by designer's requirement, again the multipole orientation permanent magnet base after the compression moulding is put in the stove, be evacuated to 10 earlier
-2Be warming up to 1020 ℃-1300 ℃ behind the pa and carry out the applying argon gas protection; be incubated and control after 0.5-3 hour that speed is cooled to room temperature or gas is quenched to room temperature; gradient tempering heat treatment temperature is 500 ℃-1000 ℃ and carries out the applying argon gas protection; be incubated 0.5-5 hour and carry out gradient cooling insulation back gas and quench and be cooled to room temperature, finish the operation of alloying sintering and tempering heat treatment.And then this many texture rare-earth permanent magnet polished be trimmed to the delivery product, can be according to customer requirements to the existing rare-earth permanent magnet of setting texture, satisfy with closing by the corresponding magnetic pole of orientation and magnetize.
Adopt the prepared integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet of the inventive method compared with prior art, every magnetic property index height, mechanical mechanics property with product are good, the use territory is wide, especially adopt product of the present invention to be used in (purposes that only single direction is shown a plurality of field magnetic poles) in the particular environment, therefore the performance uniformity in the product mix magnetic field of this integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet is that other permanent magnet combination back institutes are not readily accessible.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing in integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet specification of the present invention is, accompanying drawing 1 is to have 55 of (N-S) magnetic pole organized the structure rare-earth permanent magnet, the schematic diagram that the magnet internal magnetic field shows after magnetizing.The bottom of magnet in the accompanying drawings, every pair (N-S) is one group of semi-closed magnetic pole, and the upper face magnetic field of magnet can show very weak magnetic property in the accompanying drawings, and this type of magnet can satisfy some special instructions for uses.Accompanying drawing 2 is the rectangle rare-earth permanent magnets with 3 magnetic poles, and the lower surface of this magnet shows two N utmost points and middle a shared S utmost point arranged, and still can show very weak magnetic property at the upper surface of magnet.Accompanying drawing 3 is the work schematic diagram for the orientation of the integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet of accompanying drawing 1 or when magnetizing.Accompanying drawing 4 is the work schematic diagram for the orientation of the integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet of accompanying drawing 2 or when magnetizing.In above-mentioned accompanying drawing 1, be the weak magnetic surface of integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet; 2, be the S utmost point in the integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet high-intensity magnetic field face; 3, be the N utmost point in the integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet high-intensity magnetic field face; 4, be the orientation of integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet and the magnetic pole that magnetizes; The arrow indication of rare-earth permanent magnet inside flows in the accompanying drawings, is the texture arrangement mode of magnet inside, and the orientation in accompanying drawing 3,4, the magnetic pole upward arrow indication that magnetizes flow to the flow direction of electric current when magnetizing.
Embodiment
According to the integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet that has proposed by the invention, we have done 8 groups of tests altogether, the contrast of test material therefor sees Table 1, the contrast of testing used technology sees Table 2, every property comparison of test products sees Table 3, and the measured value that magnet carries out measuring the magnet surface field in the multipole saturated back of magnetizing sees Table 4.
Make things convenient for us also to list the product of two groups of prior aries simultaneously in order to contrast.In above-mentioned contrast table, sequence number 1-8 is an integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet of the present invention, wherein sequence number 1.3.5.7 is 5 rare-earth permanent magnets to (N-S) magnetic pole texture, sequence number 2.4.6.8 is that 2 pairs of magnetic pole texture (in fact have only 3 magnetic poles, one of them magnetic pole is public magnetic pole) rare-earth permanent magnet, sequence number 9.10 is a product of the prior art.
Table 1 is the contrast (wt%) of embodiment of the invention test material therefor
| Sequence number | Composition |
| Embodiment 1 | ?Sm 36.5Co 63.5 |
| Embodiment 2 | ?Sm 26Co 38Cu 8Fe 25Zr 2Nb 1 |
| Embodiment 3 | ?Nd 32.2Dy 0.4Fe 66.16Nb 0.2B 1.04 |
| Embodiment 4 | ?Sm 35Co 65 |
| Embodiment 5 | ?Sm 25.5Co 48.5Cu 13Fe 12Zr 1 |
| Embodiment 6 | ?Nd 31.3Dy 0.5Fe 66.16Ga 0.1Nb 0.1B 1.03 |
| Embodiment 7 | ?Sm 24.5Co 50.7Cu 14Fe 10Zr 0.8 |
| Embodiment 8 | ?Nd 31.6Pr 0.5Dy 1.5Fe 66.16B 1.05 |
| Comparative Examples 9 | ?Sm 26Co 38Cu 8Fe 25Zr 2Nb 1 |
| Comparative Examples 10 | ?Nd 31.6Pr 0.5Dy 1.5Fe 66.16B 1.05 |
Table 2 is tested the contrast of used technology for the embodiment of the invention
| Sequence number | Vacuum degree (Pa) | Insulation | Sintering | Tempering | Atmosphere |
| Embodiment 1 | ????10 -2 | ????900℃×30′ | 1120 ℃ * 60 ' back is chilled to room temperature with the speed of 150 ℃/min | 900 ℃ * 300 ' back is chilled to room temperature with the speed of 1 ℃/min | |
| Embodiment | |||||
| 2 | ????10 -2 | ????850℃×30′ | 1180 ℃ * 60 ' back is chilled to room temperature with the speed of 160 ℃/min | 700 ℃ * 30 '+600 ℃ * 60 '+500 ℃ * 120 '+400 ℃ * 600 '+gas quenches to room temperature | Ar |
| Embodiment | |||||
| 3 | ????10 -2 | ????850℃×30′ | 1050 ℃ * 30 '+1095 ℃ * 180 '+gas quenches | 890 ℃ * 120 '+gas quenches+580 ℃ * 120 '+gas quenches to room temperature | Ar |
| Embodiment | |||||
| 4 | ????10 -2 | ????900℃×30′ | 1120 ℃ * 60 ' back is chilled to 900 ℃ with the speed of 0.8 ℃/min, and the speed with 150 ℃/min is chilled to room temperature again | (nothing) | Ar gas |
| Embodiment 5 | ????10 -2 | ????850℃×30′ | 1175 ℃ * 120 ' back is chilled to room temperature with the speed of 160 ℃/min | 700 ℃ * 60 '+600 ℃ * 30 '+500 ℃ * 120 '+400 ℃ * 600 '+gas quenches to room temperature | Ar gas |
| Embodiment 6 | ????10 -2 | ????820℃×30′ | 1070 ℃ * 30 '+1100 ℃ * 150 '+gas quenches | 900 ℃ * 150 '+gas quenches+600 ℃ * 180 '+gas quenches to room temperature | Ar gas |
| Embodiment 7 | ????10 -2 | ????850℃×30′ | 1185 ℃ * 50 ' back is chilled to room temperature with the speed of 160 ℃/min | 830 ℃ * 30 '+700 ℃ * 30 '+600 ℃ * 60 '+500 ℃ * 120 '+400 ℃ * 600 '+gas quenches to room temperature | Ar gas |
| Embodiment 8 | ????10 -2 | ????820℃×30′ | 1070 ℃ * 30 '+1105 ℃ * 180 '+gas quenches | 910 ℃ * 150 '+605 ℃ * 180 '+gas quenches to the chamber | Ar gas |
| Comparative Examples 9 | ????10 -2 | ????850℃×30′ | 1180 ℃ * 60 ' back is chilled to room temperature with the speed of 160 ℃/min | 700 ℃ * 30 '+600 ℃ * 60 '+500 ℃ * 120 '+400 ℃ * 600 '+gas quenches | Ar gas |
| Comparative Examples 10 | ????10 -2 | ????820℃×30′ | 1070 ℃ * 30 '+1105 ℃ * 180 '+gas quenches | 910 ℃ * 150 '+605 ℃ * 180 '+gas quenches | Ar gas |
Table 3 is the magnetic property contrast of embodiment of the invention test products
| Sequence number | ?????Br ????(KGs) | ?????bHc ????(KOe) | ?????iHc ????(KOe) | ???(BH)max ????(MGOe) |
| Embodiment 1 | ????9.5 | ????8.0 | ????16.0 | ????17.8 |
| | ????11.2 | ????6.8 | ????7.0 | ????27.0 |
| | ????13.4 | ????12.9 | ????15.0 | ????43.1 |
| | ????10 | ????9 | ????30 | ????23.5 |
| Embodiment 5 | ????11.0 | ????9.9 | ????23.0 | ????28 |
| Embodiment 6 | ????13.9 | ????13.6 | ????18.0 | ????45.2 |
| Embodiment 7 | ????10.8 | ????9.3 | ????33.5 | ????28.5 |
| Embodiment 8 | ????13.6 | ????13.1 | ????25.0 | ????43.9 |
| Comparative Examples 9 | ????9.0 | ????6.6 | ????7.3 | ????19.2 |
| Comparative Examples 10 | ????12.8 | ????11.4 | ????18 | ????37.0 |
Table 4 is measurement point 1～3 a pairing surface field (KGs) in the embodiment of the invention accompanying drawing
Claims (5)
1, a kind of rare-earth permanent magnet of integrally sintered multi-texture is characterized in that having two or more inside texture structures in the rare-earth permanent magnet of this integrally sintered multi-texture, and the surface of this rare-earth permanent magnet has plural magnetic pole.
2, according to the described rare-earth permanent magnet of claim 1, the preparation that it is characterized in that this many texture rare-earth permanent magnet is to adopt (SmRe)
28～38(CoTM)
62～72(SmRe)
22～29(CoTM)
71～78(NdRe)
25～35(CoTM)
63.8～74.2B
0.8～1.2In these three kinds of rare earth permanent-magnet powders any one.
3, according to claim 1,2 described rare-earth permanent magnets, it is characterized in that preparing above-mentioned many texture rare earth permanent magnet body and function permanent-magnet powder and should adopt the rare earth permanent-magnet powder with magnetic anisotropy, the particle mean size for preparing the permanent-magnet powder of many texture rare-earth permanent magnet should be 3-8 μ m.
4; according to claim 1; 2; 3 described rare-earth permanent magnets; the preparation method of the integrally sintered rare-earth permanent magnet of this multipole orientation texture; it is the rare earth permanent magnet powder that adopts powder metallurgical technique to produce; through multipole orientation; carry out sintering heat treatment after the compression moulding again; it is characterized in that rare earth permanent magnet powder is packed in the mould; be pressed again after the orientation through setting magnetic pole; then under argon shield; carry out sintered heat insulating and control gas and quench to design temperature; with the gradient tempering heat treatment; again to the existing rare-earth permanent magnet of setting texture, satisfy with closing by the corresponding magnetic pole of orientation and magnetize.
5, according to claim 1,4 described rare-earth permanent magnet and preparation methods, its feature in the sintering schedule of this rare-earth permanent magnet is:
A. sintering temperature is that 1020 ℃-1300 ℃ insulations are controlled speed after 0.5-3 hour and are cooled to room temperature or gas and quench to room temperature control gas and quench to design temperature;
B. sintering temperature be 1020 ℃-1300 ℃ the insulation 0.5-3 hour after gas quench to room temperature;
C. gradient tempering heat treatment temperature is that 500 ℃-1000 ℃ insulations were carried out gradient cooling insulation back gas in 0.5-5 hour and quenched and be cooled to room temperature.
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| CN105321651A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-02-10 | 宁波鑫丰磁业有限公司 | halbach array permanent magnet axial ring formed in one time |
| CN106876086A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-20 | 中能投资国际控股有限公司 | Magnetize single permanent magnet, magnetic circuit, mould and its manufacture method more |
| CN107256791A (en) * | 2017-05-13 | 2017-10-17 | 安徽大地熊新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of special-shaped magnetic circuit magnet |
| CN107408877A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2017-11-28 | 日东电工株式会社 | Rare earth magnet and the linear motor for having used the rare earth magnet |
| CN108691801A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2018-10-23 | 普发真空有限公司 | A kind of monolithic permanent magnet |
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- 2002-06-14 CN CNB021240019A patent/CN1148762C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| CN107408877A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2017-11-28 | 日东电工株式会社 | Rare earth magnet and the linear motor for having used the rare earth magnet |
| CN105321651A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-02-10 | 宁波鑫丰磁业有限公司 | halbach array permanent magnet axial ring formed in one time |
| CN105275678A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-01-27 | 罗震洲 | Gasoline car fuel economizer and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106876086A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-20 | 中能投资国际控股有限公司 | Magnetize single permanent magnet, magnetic circuit, mould and its manufacture method more |
| CN106876086B (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2020-02-21 | 中能投资国际控股有限公司 | Multi-magnetized single permanent magnet, magnetic circuit, mold and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108691801A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2018-10-23 | 普发真空有限公司 | A kind of monolithic permanent magnet |
| CN108691801B (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2021-07-09 | 普发真空有限公司 | Single-sheet permanent magnet |
| CN107256791A (en) * | 2017-05-13 | 2017-10-17 | 安徽大地熊新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of special-shaped magnetic circuit magnet |
| CN107256791B (en) * | 2017-05-13 | 2019-02-15 | 安徽大地熊新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of abnormity magnetic circuit magnet |
| CN111415795A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-07-14 | 上海三环磁性材料有限公司 | Anisotropic bonded ferrite plane bipolar orientation magnetization mold |
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| CN1148762C (en) | 2004-05-05 |
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Assignee: Ningbo Tongchuang Strong Magnet Material Co., Ltd. Assignor: Central Iron & Steel Research Institute Contract fulfillment period: 2008.6.30 to 2016.6.30 Contract record no.: 2008990000244 Denomination of invention: Integrally sintered multi-texture rare-earth permanent magnet and its preparing process Granted publication date: 20040505 License type: exclusive license Record date: 20080811 |
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