CN1379281A - Method based on digitalizing technique for obtaining ancient wall painting in cave - Google Patents
Method based on digitalizing technique for obtaining ancient wall painting in cave Download PDFInfo
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- CN1379281A CN1379281A CN 01112283 CN01112283A CN1379281A CN 1379281 A CN1379281 A CN 1379281A CN 01112283 CN01112283 CN 01112283 CN 01112283 A CN01112283 A CN 01112283A CN 1379281 A CN1379281 A CN 1379281A
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Abstract
A method based on digitalizing technique for copying ancient wall painting in cave includes such steps as dividing the wall painting by position classification method, determining photographic plan by using resolution calculation method according to mapping result of wall painting, recording photographic condition in tables, regulating flash lamp for taking white plate shot, taking the photo on platform, and processing and splicing the images by computer.
Description
The present invention designed a kind of based on digitizing technique ancient times grottoes mural painting historical relic the keeping records method.
The traditional method of grottoes mural painting historical relic keeping records is methods such as employing photography and vedio recording, and mural painting is recorded on film and the tape.But these traditional method for imaging can not reach good preservation effect, and an image roughly can only be provided, and do not reach the purpose of record far away.Common digitizing acquisition methods is the current standard of neither one then, and it is lack of standardization to exist operation, the unfavorable shortcoming of effect.
The working specification that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of standard adopts digital camera, photographic goods and the computer software of some current trends, obtains the grottoes mural painting historical relic image and permanent preservation of pin-point accuracy, pinpoint accuracy.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes following measures:
Step based on grottoes mural painting historical relic keeping records in the ancient times method of digitizing technique is as follows:
1) use location classification is divided into common mural painting and vertical turning point mural painting two classes to mural painting according to the mural painting position;
2) according to mural painting mapping result, adopt the resolution computing method to determine shooting plan, promptly resolution reaches every millimeter X pixel, and then the coverage of every photos is (3/X) * (2.2/X) rice; When mural painting is of a size of: W rice * H rice, so, it is capable that this width of cloth mural painting need be taken H * W/2.2, W * X/3 row.
3) for every photo record on form of taking: position, sequence number, card number, camera, shutter, camera lens, aperture, apart from the ground distance, apart from wall distance, light, catalogue.
4) method of using blank to take is adjusted flashlamp, promptly uses a blank, is placed on left part, right part, the top of camera view, and each takes one, according to the direction of shooting results adjustment flash of light;
5) adopt ancient times grottoes mural painting historical relics to obtain shooting platform and take; After taking and having backed up photo, the image processing software that uses a computer carries out image mosaic to the photo of taking to be handled
The invention provides one the cover obtain grottoes mural painting historical relic complete specifications, require clear and definite operation steps; Can in enough precision and accuracy, obtain the grottoes mural painting historical relic in ancient times that can not restore; Can reach permanent preservation to grottoes mural painting historical relic in ancient times.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is elaborated
Fig. 1 is that mural painting is cut apart synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the color mark plate synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 judges flash of light situation method synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is common mural painting shooting platform synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the mural painting shooting platform synoptic diagram of vertically transferring.
The equipment that requires based on the ancient wall cultural relic conservation recording method of digitizing technique comprises: one in KodakDCS660 camera, two ones of Macintosh notebook computers are taken support one cover (concrete condition sees below), flash lamp and auxiliary device, record-paper, color mark plate, scale, camera are joined storage card more than two, camera, computer, storage card, if quantity, all needs numbering more than one, be convenient to management; Its method step is as follows:
1, use location classification is divided into common mural painting and vertical turning point mural painting two classes to mural painting according to the mural painting position: according to the position of reference object, need two kinds of different shooting platforms.
The common mural painting historical relic of grottoes in ancient times obtains (common) shooting platform: it is substantially smooth and present the comparatively mural painting of the rectangle of rule to be used for breadth, for example the mural painting on the wall of most of grottoes and the mural painting of putting on; It has platform framework 8, above platform framework, be provided with Universal arm 1, be provided with Flash lamps and lanterns 2 at Universal arm, below platform framework, be provided with camera The Cloud Terrace 10, under The Cloud Terrace, be fixed with tape measure, be provided with camera 7 at the camera The Cloud Terrace, be provided with turnable sliding connector 6 above platform framework, and join with horizontal sliding bar 9, horizontal sliding bar and two main supporting sliders 4 are joined, main supporting slider is divided into base 5, is provided with scale at horizontal sliding bar and main supporting slider.
Ancient times, the grottoes mural painting historical relic of vertically transferring obtained (vertical turning point) shooting platform: the mural painting that is used for grottoes wall turnover junction; Turning point mural painting on the horizontal direction can be by the slightly inching shooting of above-mentioned platform, and this platform can be used in the turning point on the vertical direction; It has platform framework 11, above platform framework, be provided with Universal arm 1, be provided with Flash lamps and lanterns 2 at Universal arm, below platform framework, be provided with camera The Cloud Terrace 10, under The Cloud Terrace, be fixed with tape measure, be provided with camera 7 at the camera The Cloud Terrace, be provided with fixed connecting piece 3 at platform framework, and join with main supporting slider 4, main supporting slider is divided into base 5, is provided with scale in main supporting slider.
To with grottoes mural painting piecemeal, make it to meet respectively corresponding shooting condition before taking. When taking mural painting, just use corresponding shooting platform. The concrete installation method of shooting platform is with reference to operation instruction.
2, according to mural painting mapping result, adopt the resolution ratio computing method to determine shooting plan:
Need in advance to have in ready: the mapping of mural painting and the formulation of taking record, camera is determined apart from the metope distance. Wherein, the mural painting mapping is main is exactly in order to formulate the shooting record.
Take record and mainly contain so several contents: metope is cut apart schematic diagram, takes record form, color mark plate. The resolution ratio of KodakDCS660 can reach 6,600,000 pixel, so the scope that every photo can cover is very large. But definite needs of concrete covering breadth are seen the situation of concrete mural painting historical relic, calculate as requested.
If the resolution ratio that requires must reach every millimeter x pixel, then every photos breadth that can cover is: (3/x) * (2.2/x) rice. It is slightly smaller that the breadth of determining cans be compared to the numerical value that calculates most.
Had after the above results, can determine camera apart from the distance of mural painting metope, this can be by finishing with camera, scale actual photographed.
Simultaneously, can also determine the photograph taking quantity of view picture mural painting, and the situation of cutting apart of the mural painting that draws.When mural painting is of a size of: W rice * H rice, so, this width of cloth mural painting need be taken H * W/2.2 row, W * X/3 row.
Generally we stipulate, the row of mural painting is denoted as from the bottom up: A, B, C, D Row are denoted as from left to right: 1,2,3,4 ...
3, for every photo record on form of taking
Taking record needs some parts of form, and its form is as follows:
The position is that row number adds above-listed number, and for example: 1C, 4D can find out that in the position of whole mural painting how breadth that photo covers on " mural painting is cut apart situation map " at once according to this content of position.
Sequence number is the filename of photo just, and KodakDCS660 can open photo for each automatically and set a unique filename.
Card number is the card number of the used storage card of camera, and in general, shooting work may be used a more than storage card.
Camera is the camera numbers that this photo of records photographing uses, if the condition permission time, may one the camera that has more than two even two of working group work simultaneously, at this moment, just need the situation of records photographing camera.
The setting situation of camera parameter when shutter, camera lens, aperture are shooting.
Apart from the distance wall be when taking camera distances ground and metope apart from situation.
Flashlamp situation when light is shooting.
Catalogue is the catalogue that photo is stored on the computing machine external memory.
Color mark plate is the record that is used for taking in the photo into, and its concrete condition is the synoptic diagram of face as follows:
Content on the color mark plate need be taken each row and the time be determined again and fill in;
| The position | Sequence number | Card number | Light | Shutter | Camera lens | Aperture | Apart from ground | Apart from wall | Catalogue | Camera |
4, the method for using blank to take is adjusted flashlamp,
The arrangement of light and the arrangement of camera
The arrangement of light comprises: flashlamp and soft light cover are installed, reflector is installed, adjust the directive of light and the layout of reflector.
The arrangement of camera comprises: camera is fixed on the camera platform framework, and the adjustment level is determined the setting of various parameters on the setting of aperture, shutter and the camera.
The adjustment member of these two arrangements need be carried out simultaneously.When adjusting, can check that the histogram (Histogram) of taking the photo that obtains judges the exposure status of shooting.
When carrying out the directive adjustment of reflector and flashlamp, judge according to the way of Fig. 3 whether light is evenly suitable.Wherein, the fine rule frame table shows the visual field of camera, and bold box is represented the reflector of white; When the reflector brightness basically identical taken, just think that light is enough even.
5, adopt ancient times grottoes mural painting historical relics to obtain shooting platform and take; After taking and having backed up photo, the image processing software that uses a computer carries out image mosaic to the photo of taking to be handled.
1) the main flow process of Pai Sheing is:
(1) after flashlamp and camera all configure, select an end as starting point;
(2) test strip is one, checks effect;
(3) begin to take, take by row and undertaken, every row is all followed following order: the mural painting photo of test strip, color mark plate, scale, delegation several, scale, color mark plate;
(4) each is opened and all need keep a record on recording chart.The record form literary composition that sees before;
(5) according to the size of mural painting and the size of camera storage card, after intact delegation of every shooting or two row, take out the storage card in the camera, give laptop computer, the transmission data.Camera changes a card, works on;
(6) after work every day, two interior data of computer all need backup.Generally take the way of backup mutually, fiduciary level is just enough;
2) utilize image processing software splicing mural painting photo to utilize the key step of image processing software splicing photo to be:
(1) with a certain end of this breadth as starting point;
(2) original photo will be changed anything but.Copy out portion, the photo that uses during as work;
(3) open corresponding starting point photo, this photo will be as later perform region picture;
(4) select Photoshop menu option Image-＞Canvas Size, painting canvas is enlarged, to hold remaining photo;
(5) open the photo of next Zhang Xianglin;
(6) this photo is all chosen (Ctrl+A, Ctrl+C), copy (Ctrl+V) advances in our the perform region picture, and at this time, a new layer is opened in perform region figure sector-meeting automatically;
(7) newly the transparency of layer is adjusted to about 50%, moves to then on the most suitable position of splicing, generally is to make the center of their intersecting areas the properest;
(8) open the illiteracy cover of new layer;
(9) selecting foreground and background colour is default color (directly pressing the D key), selects linear Gradient Tool;
(10) at the properest lap, revise the illiteracy cover of new layer with Gradient Tool, the part that needs to show be a white, the part that needs to hide be a black, middle excessively part with less for suiting;
(11) change back 100% with transparency, viewing effect;
(12) if also have problem, the position of omiting the new layer of inching on the whole;
(13) select paintbrush, the perform region picture is amplified to 100%, some detail sections are covered cover by revising, make and choose unanimity, avoid occurring inconsistent phenomenon;
(14) so continue, splicing is finished until delegation;
(15) in the 2nd when beginning row, the 1st need with the photomosaic on it.And the 2nd, 3,4 ... Deng photo then not only needed with its on but also need the photomosaic right with it, need twice pair to cover cover and revise;
(16) under some situation, the tangible twisted phenomena of image can occur, this mainly is that need do slight torsional deformation adjustment this moment to picture because the fluctuating of metope and camera itself are adjusted correctly fully;
(17) return step 5, all handled up to all photos.
(18) all photo all splice finish after, earlier picture-storage is as a result become the .psd form.Then, all Layer are merged, store a .GIFf formatted file.Here it is our mural painting image file of finally obtaining.
Embodiment
Now the mural painting with the 3rd cave, Dunhuang is an example, and its shooting acquisition process is as follows:
Divide mural painting situation in the grottoes, need to determine the shooting platform of use.According to situation in the hole in the 3rd cave, we are divided into nine width of cloth plane mural paintings to it and are connected with 12 turnovers.The plane mural painting all uses common shooting platform, and turnover junction mural painting adopts common shooting platform and vertical turning point shooting platform respectively;
Survey and draw the mural painting size, determine the breadth size of every mural painting;
According to the mural painting content, determine that resolution requirement is: 3pixel/mm;
The covering breadth that calculates every photo is: 30inch * 20inch; Calculate the number of pictures of every mural painting; Drawing metope cuts apart figure and makes record form;
For every mural painting, finish following two steps:
1) shooting support, flashlamp and camera are installed, and are adjusted according to the method described above up to suitable;
2) according to above-mentioned steps, begin to take, obtain data;
According to the described splicing step of text, carry out the picture splicing, obtain net result;
At last, obtain the image file that 21 width of cloth colors are very consistent with the mural painting original, precision reaches the preservation purpose fully.
Claims (3)
1. ancient wall historical relic keeping records method based on digitizing technique is characterized in that its step is as follows:
1) use location classification is divided into common mural painting and vertical turning point mural painting two classes to mural painting according to the mural painting position;
2) according to mural painting mapping result, adopt the resolution computing method to determine shooting plan, promptly resolution reaches every millimeter X pixel, and then the coverage of every photos is (3/X) * (2.2/X) rice; When mural painting is of a size of: W rice * H rice, so, it is capable that this width of cloth mural painting need be taken H * W/2.2, W * X/3 row.
3) for every photo record on form of taking: position, sequence number, card number, camera, shutter, camera lens, aperture, apart from the ground distance, apart from wall distance, light, catalogue.
4) method of using blank to take is adjusted flashlamp, promptly uses a blank, is placed on left part, right part, the top of camera view, and each takes one, according to the direction of shooting results adjustment flash of light;
5) adopt ancient times grottoes mural painting historical relics to obtain shooting platform and take; After taking and having backed up photo, the image processing software that uses a computer carries out image mosaic to the photo of taking to be handled.
2. a kind of ancient wall historical relic keeping records method according to claim 1 based on digitizing technique, it is characterized in that said ancient times, grottoes mural painting historical relic obtained shooting platform: have platform framework [8], above platform framework, be provided with Universal arm [1], on Universal arm, be provided with Flash lamps and lanterns [2], below platform framework, be provided with camera The Cloud Terrace [10], under The Cloud Terrace, be fixed with tape measure, on the camera The Cloud Terrace, be provided with camera [7], above platform framework, be provided with turnable sliding connector [6], and join with horizontal sliding bar [9], horizontal sliding bar and the two main slide bars [4] that support join, the main slide bar that supports is divided into base [5], is provided with scale at horizontal sliding bar and main the support on the slide bar.
3. a kind of ancient wall historical relic keeping records method according to claim 1 based on digitizing technique, it is characterized in that said ancient times, grottoes mural painting historical relic obtained shooting platform: have platform framework [11], above platform framework, be provided with Universal arm [1], on Universal arm, be provided with Flash lamps and lanterns [2], below platform framework, be provided with camera The Cloud Terrace [10], under The Cloud Terrace, be fixed with tape measure, on the camera The Cloud Terrace, be provided with camera [7], on platform framework, be provided with fixed connecting piece [3], and join with the main slide bar [4] that supports, the main slide bar that supports is divided into base [5], is provided with scale main the support on the slide bar.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB011122838A CN1150430C (en) | 2001-04-06 | 2001-04-06 | Method based on digitalizing technique for obtaining ancient wall painting in cave |
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| CNB011122838A CN1150430C (en) | 2001-04-06 | 2001-04-06 | Method based on digitalizing technique for obtaining ancient wall painting in cave |
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| CN1379281A true CN1379281A (en) | 2002-11-13 |
| CN1150430C CN1150430C (en) | 2004-05-19 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101882306A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-11-10 | 浙江大学 | High-precision joining method of uneven surface object picture |
| CN101504764B (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2010-11-10 | 西安交通大学 | Ancient architecture oil-decorative painting virtual repairing system and method |
| CN102004372A (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2011-04-06 | 上海市北印刷（集团）有限公司 | Digital measurement mobile acquisition board |
| CN102013112A (en) * | 2010-12-04 | 2011-04-13 | 徐进 | Method for acquiring three-dimensional real image data of appearance of cultural relic |
| CN102609924A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-07-25 | 敦煌研究院 | Digital high-fidelity image collecting and processing method of stone cave temple wall paintings |
| CN104320624A (en) * | 2014-11-02 | 2015-01-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Mural image collecting device and method |
-
2001
- 2001-04-06 CN CNB011122838A patent/CN1150430C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101504764B (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2010-11-10 | 西安交通大学 | Ancient architecture oil-decorative painting virtual repairing system and method |
| CN101882306A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-11-10 | 浙江大学 | High-precision joining method of uneven surface object picture |
| CN101882306B (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2011-12-21 | 浙江大学 | High-precision joining method of uneven surface object picture |
| CN102004372A (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2011-04-06 | 上海市北印刷（集团）有限公司 | Digital measurement mobile acquisition board |
| CN102013112A (en) * | 2010-12-04 | 2011-04-13 | 徐进 | Method for acquiring three-dimensional real image data of appearance of cultural relic |
| CN102609924A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-07-25 | 敦煌研究院 | Digital high-fidelity image collecting and processing method of stone cave temple wall paintings |
| CN104320624A (en) * | 2014-11-02 | 2015-01-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Mural image collecting device and method |
| CN104320624B (en) * | 2014-11-02 | 2018-01-30 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of mural painting image collecting device and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1150430C (en) | 2004-05-19 |
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