CN1375621A - Miniature pendulum internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio - Google Patents
Miniature pendulum internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN1375621A CN1375621A CN02117081A CN02117081A CN1375621A CN 1375621 A CN1375621 A CN 1375621A CN 02117081 A CN02117081 A CN 02117081A CN 02117081 A CN02117081 A CN 02117081A CN 1375621 A CN1375621 A CN 1375621A
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Abstract
The variable compression ratio miniature pendulum internal combustion engine relates to a miniature heat engine capable of providing power for portable power supply system. Said invention mainly comprises six plane components of output shaft, cylinder body which is arranged perpendicularly to the outupt shaft and is equipped with a central pendulum in its interior, front cylinder cover, back cylinder cover, front end cap, back end cap and flute valve, the interior of the described cylinder body possesses upper and lower two volume-different sectorial cavities which can be divided into variable volume two combustion chambers and two precompression chambers by means of the central pendulum, finally it can make output shaft output power in swing mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pendulum internal combustion engine, particularly a kind ofly can be the miniature pendulum internal combustion engine that portable power source system provides the variable compression ratio of power, belong to the heat engine technical field.
Background technique
At present, the development speed of products such as radio telephone, notebook, autonomous mobile robot and portable satellite transfer station is very fast, but the power-supply system of power supply but lags far behind these products to power supply energy density and the requirement of makeup energy time for it.The power supply overwhelming majority of using is the portable chemical energy-storage battery now, and its major defect is that energy density is low, and the continuous working period is short, and the duration of charge is long.Obviously, if can develop a kind of energy density height, the continuous working period is long, and the makeup energy time, short portable power source system will have vast market prospect.
Be that the scheme that driving source drives generator for electricity generation has obtained approval widely with the internal-combustion engine, this be because: the first, liquid charcoal hydrogen fuel has very high energy density, for example the energy density of gasoline is more than 50 times of existing commercial batteries; The second, liquid fuel is compared the characteristics with easy transportation, storage and processing with the chemical energy-storage battery with homenergic.The 3rd, it is simpler, quick than chemical energy-storage battery charging to replenish liquid fuel.So, if can with the generator system of macroscopic view directly scaled for the power generation system of microcosmic should be a kind of effective method; But this effort of dwindling traditional combustion engine has merely but run into the difficulty that is difficult to overcome in the process of implementing, and this is because the structural feature of traditional internal-combustion engine itself has determined them not to be adapted at turning round under the microminiaturized condition; Such as: present widely used stroke piston combustion engine, for combustion system is run well, must in the version that it dwindles, keep most of component, especially Fu Za connecting rod and distribution device are indispensable, and these have all greatly increased the design and the manufacture difficulty of micro internal combustion engine.
In addition, (Chinese patent, application number 98203638, the 98 years 04 month 20 days applying date in existing pendulum internal combustion engine technology; Chinese patent, on 08 07th, 1,996 96220676 applyings date of application number; Chinese patent, application number 96122248, November 22 1996 applying date; Chinese patent, application number 87107720, November 08 1987 applying date; Chinese patent, application number 85105436, on 07 17th, 1985 applying date; Chinese patent, application number 85100486, on 04 01st, 1985 applying date) there is following deficiency, the first, the forms of motion of power output is confined to rotatablely move; Yet with regard to the portable power generation system that this patent is paid close attention to, its essence is as long as guarantee lead and magnetic field has relative movement just can realize this purpose of generating electricity; If make the rotor of generator have the pure swing of certain amplitude also can satisfy this requirement fully certainly.In this case, as long as provide the micro internal combustion engine of driving source can export the power of swing form for it.The second, owing to be subjected to the restriction of structural types such as connecting rod, compression ratio all is changeless, has influenced the effective output work of internal-combustion engine to a certain extent, studies show that if compression ratio can will help the part throttle characteristics of internal-combustion engine with load variations.The 3rd, owing to used complicated valve mechanism, make its small version be difficult to design and manufacturing.The 4th, from the above-mentioned invention document of mentioning, be not the design of purpose miniature pendulum internal combustion engine with portable power generation system.
The portable power generation system is that volume is little, in light weight, power to weight ratio high (just energy density wants high) to another the important requirement as the micro internal combustion engine of driving source, and these requirements can not realize by the means of dwindling existing internal-combustion engine merely.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for the deficiency that overcomes above-mentioned existing internal-combustion engine technology and satisfy of the requirement of portable power generation system driving source, a kind of miniature pendulum internal combustion engine of variable compression ratio is provided, make that its volume is little, in light weight, power to weight ratio is high, compression ratio can be the real practicability of portable power generation system of driving source thereby make micro internal combustion engine with load variations.
The purpose of this invention is to provide that following technological scheme realizes:. a kind of miniature pendulum internal combustion engine of variable compression ratio, it is characterized in that: this internal-combustion engine is mainly by output shaft, be provided with the cylinder body that put at the center with the vertically arranged inside of this output shaft, front end housing, back cylinder cover, front cover, six flat components of rear end cover and whistle valve are formed, be provided with two fan-shaped cavities that volume does not wait up and down in the described cylinder body, the center pendulum is divided into two cavitys two firing chambers and two precompression chamber of variable volume, described front cover is provided with suction tude and communicates with precompression chamber, on the propeller boss of center pendulum, be provided with two and can open and close the firing chamber that is positioned at the same side and the gas-entered passageway of precompression chamber, on described back cylinder cover, be provided with first relief opening, on described rear end cover, be provided with two expansion chambers that communicate, first relief opening is connected with one of them expansion chamber, and another expansion chamber links to each other with the relief opening that leads to atmosphere.
Miniature pendulum internal combustion engine provided by the present invention, the cavity of its cylinder body internal upper part are the fan-shaped chamber that radius equates, the cavity of its underpart is that two the fan-shaped chambeies and the radius that are equated by the both sides radius constitute less than fan-shaped chamber, the centre on both sides; And the volume of cylinder body internal upper part cavity is less than the volume of lower cavity, and its volume ratio is 1: 1～3.
Center of the present invention pendulum is fixed on the output shaft, and sector structure is adopted at the two ends of center pendulum, adopts little clearance seal with casing wall.
The present invention have following high-lighting characteristics and and significant technological progress:
Realized variable compression ratio internal combustion engine, compression ratio increases along with the increase of load, and the hunting frequency of output shaft reduces when increasing because load, charging efficiency is improved, thereby improved combustion process, increased effective output work of system, improved the part throttle characteristics of internal-combustion engine.
(1) can obey one of the major defect of stroke piston combustion engine, promptly the maximum speed of internal-combustion engine is subjected to the restriction of lateral pressure between piston and the casing wall.Adopt little clearance seal between the chamber volume of miniature pendulum internal combustion engine of the present invention, almost do not have pressure to exist between center pendulum and the casing wall,, make hunting frequency no longer be subjected to the restriction of the frictional loss between piston and the casing wall so frictional loss is very little.
(2) at application, directly, avoided using complicated connecting rod with swing form outputting power, designs simplification, volume reduces.
(3) through ingenious design, avoided conventional inlet and outlet door and driving mechanism thereof, the inlet and outlet timing is controlled by the swing position of center pendulum, has strengthened the reliability of system.
(4) the exhausting silencer part directly is integrated on the micro internal combustion engine, has save the exhausting silencer parts that volume is very big with respect to the micro internal combustion engine body; Exhaust enters in the atmosphere after fully expanding through two expansion chambers successively again, has reduced delivery temperature and exhaust sound.
(5) realized that entire internal combustion engine is made of plane structure substantially, made the internal-combustion engine microminiaturization become possibility until being applied to MEMS (MEMS).Several watts to tens watts output power can reach by the body of convergent-divergent internal-combustion engine, and its manufacture process can be finished by existing processing technology.Satisfied the requirement that volume is little, in light weight, power to weight ratio is high, and whole system has only the moving element center of output shaft (installed pendulum), the reliability of internal-combustion engine system is able to effective raising.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the plan view of micro internal combustion engine.
Fig. 2 is the right elevation of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the side view of micro internal combustion engine center pendulum.
Fig. 5 is the plan view of micro internal combustion engine back cylinder cover.
Fig. 6 is the plan view of micro internal combustion engine rear end cover.
Fig. 7 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the plan view of micro internal combustion engine front cover.
Fig. 9 is the plan view of micro internal combustion engine whistle valve spring sheet.
Figure 10 is the plan view of micro internal combustion engine front end housing.
Figure 11～Figure 17 is the working procedure schematic representation of left firing chamber.
Figure 18～Figure 24 is the working procedure schematic representation of right firing chamber.
Embodiment
Miniature pendulum internal combustion engine provided by the present invention is worked in the two-stroke mode, and the working procedure of two firing chambers is just in time opposite, finally makes the mode outputting power of output shaft with swing.
The present invention adopts following organization plan to finish the working procedure of two stroke IC engine:
On square cylinder body, be the boundary with the horizontal center line, the upper end is a fan-shaped cavity that volume is slightly little, radius is consistent.The lower end is made up of three fan-shaped cavities, and two fan-shaped cavity radiuses on both sides equate that middle fan-shaped cavity radius is less.Cut apart by two projectioies in the cylinder body between upper and lower two big cavitys.Output shaft is vertically mounted on the geometrical center of cylinder body, puts the chamber volume that the upper and lower cavity of cylinder body is divided into four variable volumes by the center that semicircular key is connected on the output shaft; Two chamber volume that the upper end cavity is divided into are as two firing chambers of internal-combustion engine; The volume of lower end cavity is bigger, and two chamber volume that are divided into form two precompression chamber of internal-combustion engine, and being respectively corresponding firing chamber, its upper end provides pressure to be higher than the inflammable mixture of an atmospheric pressure; The upper cavity volume is generally 1: 1～3 with the ratio of lower cavity volume.Suction port is arranged on the front cover, between suction port and precompression chamber whistle valve is installed, and its effect is to make inflammable mixture enter precompression chamber during negative pressure in precompression chamber; Prevent simultaneously in the precompression chamber inflammable mixture because increased pressure and reverse flow back into air flue.The swing that the air inlet timing is put with the center by the gas-entered passageway that is arranged on the balance staff hub of center decides.Two shared first relief openings that are arranged on the back cylinder cover in firing chamber, exhaust timing are also controlled by the swing of center pendulum; Expand successively in the high temperature that first relief opening is discharged, two expansion chambers of high pressure exhaust gas on rear end cover, finally enter in the atmosphere.Spark plug is vertically mounted on the front end housing position corresponding to two firing chambers.
The miniature pendulum internal combustion engine structure of this patent further is illustrated in conjunction with Fig. 1～Figure 10.
Be boundary (Fig. 1) with the horizontal center line on cylinder body 2, upper and lower two cavitys are arranged, center pendulum 1 has been divided into four variable volume chambers with two cavitys.In the same side, two chamber volume of upper and lower correspondence are respectively left firing chamber 8, left precompression chamber 13 and right firing chamber 7, right precompression chamber 3.Center pendulum 1 links together by semicircular key and output shaft 6; Output shaft by Bearing Installation on front end housing 18 and rear end cover 15 (Fig. 2).Left and right two locating studs 5 have guaranteed the matching gap between center pendulum 1 each end face and casing wall and the forward and backward cylinder cap.6 flat components that four set screws will constitute micro internal combustion engine are fixed together.
Inflammable mixture enters precompression chamber by being installed in the suction tude 10 on the front cover 20 via the whistle valve on the whistle valve spring sheet 19 21; Simultaneously, in order to increase the volume of precompression chamber, reduce drag losses, in the below symmetric arrangement of front end housing 18 (Figure 10) two fan-shaped cavities 22 that are intended to increase the precompression chamber volume.The inner cylindrical surface that is arranged on left and right projection on left gas-entered passageway 24 on the balance staff hub of center, right gas-entered passageway 4 (its position as shown in Figure 4) and the cylinder body has constituted left and right suction valve, along with opening and closing between every pair of firing chamber and the precompression chamber are finished in the swing of center pendulum 1.
Two spark plugs 9 are vertically mounted on the position of putting 1 left and right stop on the front end housing corresponding to the center respectively.
Describe the working procedure of left firing chamber 8 in detail below in conjunction with Figure 11～Figure 17, the moving direction of the direction indication center of arrow pendulum 1 among each figure.
Among Figure 11, center pendulum 1 is in the left stop of left firing chamber 8, and this moment, the compression to inflammable mixture finished, plug ignition, and inflammable mixture begins knocking fuel, and high temperature, high-pressure gas are with the motion clockwise of promotion center pendulum; Dui Ying left precompression chamber 13 sucks the inflammable mixture end from the outside by whistle valve 21 with it.
Along with center pendulum 1 motion clockwise under the promotion of high-pressure gas, the center pendulum overcomes all resistances of system and externally exports mechanical work, and left firing chamber 8 is in working stroke; Simultaneously, the volume in the left precompression chamber 13 reduces gradually, and inflammable mixture pressure increases gradually.This process is performed until position shown in Figure 12.
After center pendulum 1 was put position shown in Figure 12, first relief opening 16 was opened, and high-pressure gas is drained into first expansion chamber 14 rapidly, and left firing chamber 8 is in pure exhaust process; This moment, left firing chamber 8 interior pressure sharply descended, and the volumes in the left precompression chamber 13 are also reducing, and pressure is still increasing, and this process continues up to position shown in Figure 13.
After position shown in Figure 13 was put at the center, the residual pressure in the left firing chamber 8 had been equal to or slightly lower than the pressure of precompression chamber interior 13.Air inlet logical 24 roads in a left side are along with the swing of center pendulum has been communicated with left firing chamber 8 and left precompression chamber 13, and under action of pressure, incoming mixture begins to enter left firing chamber 8; At this moment, left firing chamber 8 is in scavenging stroke.
When said process proceeded to position shown in Figure 14, center pendulum 1 arrived its right stop.Right firing chamber 7 begins acting, under the effect of right firing chamber 7 high-pressure gas, center pendulum 1 beginning motion counterclockwise, and gas-entered passageway 24 (Figure 15 that close left firing chamber 8 successively, this moment, left precompression chamber 13 began to open the fresh inflammable mixture of whistle valve 21 suctions) and first relief opening 16 (Figure 16), firing chamber 8, a left side enters compression stroke, and left precompression chamber 13 is always air-breathing from the external world simultaneously.When arriving position shown in Figure 17,8 compressions of left firing chamber end left precompression chamber 13 air-breathing ends of a period; Next begin next circuit working procedure.
Figure 18～Figure 24 is the schematic representation of right firing chamber 7 working procedure, and only working procedure is opposite with left firing chamber 8 owing to right firing chamber 7, so repeated description no longer here.
Final result is that the promotion center of alternately the doing work pendulum 1 of left and right firing chamber is outwards exported mechanical work with the form of swing.
Embodiment:
Press the parameter of the miniature pendulum internal combustion engine of this structural design:
Firing chamber total displacement: 1.5ml
Precompression chamber total measurement (volume) 2.1ml
The firing chamber total measurement (volume) with the ratio of the total measurement (volume) of precompression chamber is: 1: 1.4.
Output power is 46 watts/50Hz.
Fuel: gasoline
Its volume is: length is respectively 50mm.
Claims (7)
1. the miniature pendulum internal combustion engine of a variable compression ratio, it is characterized in that: this internal-combustion engine is mainly by output shaft, be provided with the cylinder body that put at the center with the vertically arranged inside of this output shaft, front end housing, back cylinder cover, front cover, six flat components of rear end cover and whistle valve are formed, be provided with two fan-shaped cavities that volume does not wait up and down in the described cylinder body, center pendulum with two cavitys be divided into variable volume about two firing chambers and about two precompression chamber, described front cover is provided with suction tude and communicates with precompression chamber, on the propeller boss of center pendulum, be provided with two and can open and close the firing chamber that is positioned at the same side and the gas-entered passageway of precompression chamber, on described back cylinder cover, be provided with first relief opening, on described rear end cover, be provided with two expansion chambers that communicate, first relief opening is connected with one of them expansion chamber, and another expansion chamber links to each other with the relief opening that leads to atmosphere.
2. according to the described miniature pendulum internal combustion engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cavity of described cylinder body internal upper part is the fan-shaped chamber that radius equates, the cavity of its underpart is that two the fan-shaped chambeies and the radius that are equated by the both sides radius constitute less than fan-shaped chamber, the centre on both sides.
According to right according to claim 1 or 2 described miniature pendulum internal combustion engines, it is characterized in that: the volume of described cylinder body internal upper part cavity is less than the volume of lower cavity, and its volume ratio is 1: 1～3.
According to right according to the described miniature pendulum internal combustion engine of claim 3, it is characterized in that: two fan-shaped cavities that correspond respectively to left and right sides precompression chamber are set on front end housing.
5. according to the described miniature pendulum internal combustion engine of claim 3, it is characterized in that: sector structure is adopted at the two ends of described center pendulum, adopts little clearance seal with casing wall.
6. according to the described miniature pendulum internal combustion engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: two shared first relief openings that are arranged on the back cylinder cover in firing chamber about described, described relief opening is arranged on the neutral position corresponding to left and right firing chamber.
7. according to the described miniature pendulum internal combustion engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: two spark plugs of putting left and right dead-centre position corresponding to the center of vertical installation on described front cover.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB021170819A CN1159515C (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2002-04-29 | Miniature pendulum internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021170819A CN1159515C (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2002-04-29 | Miniature pendulum internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio |
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| CN1375621A true CN1375621A (en) | 2002-10-23 |
| CN1159515C CN1159515C (en) | 2004-07-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB021170819A Expired - Fee Related CN1159515C (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2002-04-29 | Miniature pendulum internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1303313C (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2007-03-07 | 西安交通大学 | A sliding rotor type micro-internal combustion engine structure |
| CN101490386A (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2009-07-22 | 海因茨-古斯塔夫·A·赖塞尔 | Internal combustion engine |
| CN102444470A (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2012-05-09 | 吴小平 | Parallel one-stroke rotor type internal combustion engine |
| CN104153876A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-11-19 | 杨思强 | Engine |
| CN105545466A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-05-04 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Miniature oscillating internal combustion engine with sealed structure |
| CN106481362A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-08 | 郑恒 | A kind of novel swing air motor |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100445529C (en) * | 2006-01-09 | 2008-12-24 | 重庆大学 | Mini-size engine |
| CN101603457B (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2011-01-26 | 富可 | Three-way double two-stroke spiral heat engine |
-
2002
- 2002-04-29 CN CNB021170819A patent/CN1159515C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1303313C (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2007-03-07 | 西安交通大学 | A sliding rotor type micro-internal combustion engine structure |
| CN101490386A (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2009-07-22 | 海因茨-古斯塔夫·A·赖塞尔 | Internal combustion engine |
| CN102444470A (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2012-05-09 | 吴小平 | Parallel one-stroke rotor type internal combustion engine |
| CN104153876A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-11-19 | 杨思强 | Engine |
| CN104153876B (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2016-02-24 | 杨思强 | A kind of motor |
| CN106481362A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-08 | 郑恒 | A kind of novel swing air motor |
| CN106481362B (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2019-02-19 | 郑恒 | A kind of swinging-type pneumatic motor |
| CN105545466A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-05-04 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Miniature oscillating internal combustion engine with sealed structure |
| CN105545466B (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-09-04 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | A kind of miniature swing type internal combustion engine with sealing structure |
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| CN1159515C (en) | 2004-07-28 |
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Granted publication date: 20040728 |