CN1375570A - New-type hydrogen-storing RE electrode alloy for secondary Ni-metal oxide battery - Google Patents

New-type hydrogen-storing RE electrode alloy for secondary Ni-metal oxide battery Download PDF

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CN1375570A
CN1375570A CN01131899A CN01131899A CN1375570A CN 1375570 A CN1375570 A CN 1375570A CN 01131899 A CN01131899 A CN 01131899A CN 01131899 A CN01131899 A CN 01131899A CN 1375570 A CN1375570 A CN 1375570A
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alloy
electrode
storing
hydrogen
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CN1173055C (en
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潘洪革
刘永锋
高明霞
雷永泉
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The composition of new type rare earth system hydrogen-storing electrode alloy which high electrochemical volume, long cycle life and good high-multiplying power characteristics for Ni-MH secondary cell is ABx, in which A=La1-yMy, B=(NiCoN), y is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.8; x is greater than or equal to 2.0 and less than or equal to 4.0; M is one or two or more than two kinds of Ce, Pr, Nd, Mg, Ca, Be, Sr, and Ba, And Ni is one or two or more than two kinds of Mn, Fe, Mo, Co, Al, Si, Ga, S, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, RA, Rh, Cd, W, Hf, Ta, B, P, Ge, As, Se. In and Sn.

Description

New rare-earth based hydrogen storage electrode alloy used for Nickel-Metal Hydride rechargeable batteries
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal hydride secondary battery, relate in particular to a kind of new rare-earth based hydrogen storage electrode alloy used for Nickel-Metal Hydride rechargeable batteries.
Background technology
In recent years, because nickel-metal hydrides (Ni-MH) secondary cell, with respect to the Ni-Cd secondary cell, have the capacity height, have extended cycle life, memory-less effect, anti-over-charging, cross advantage such as the strong and non-environmental-pollution of exoergic power and become the focus of lot of domestic and foreign scholar's research.
From at present, the more hydrogen-storing alloy as electrode of people's research comprises rare earth based AB 5Type alloy, AB 2Type alloy, Magnuminium and vanadium radical sosoloid alloy.Wherein, to rare earth based AB 5The research of type alloy is the most ripe, and has realized industrialization.But because rare earth based AB 5The capacity of type alloy is lower, and this has just impelled people to remove the higher hydrogen-storing alloy as electrode of research and development capacity.
AB 2Type Laves phase alloy was once once causing people's attention, and it has higher electrochemical discharge capacity and long cycle life, but its large current discharging capability and initial stage activation performance are poor, and cost is higher, so be difficult to practicability.Magnuminium is owing to adopt the comparatively cheap elements of price such as magnesium, nickel as starting material, therefore cost is quite low, and Magnuminium has very high initial electrochemical discharge capacity and good activation performance, but the corrosion of this alloy in alkaline electrolyte is quite serious, caused the rapid decline of capacity, also can't practicability within the short-term.Vanadium radical sosoloid alloy is the same with Magnuminium, also has higher initial electrochemical discharge capacity, but because the precipitation of vanadium in alkaline electrolyte is very serious, also can cause the rapid decline of capacity, and not possess practical value because the price comparison of vanadium is expensive.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new rare-earth based hydrogen storage electrode alloy used for Nickel-Metal Hydride rechargeable batteries.
Its composition is: AB x, A=La wherein 1-yM y, B=(NiCoN), 0.01≤y≤0.8; 2.0≤x≤4.0; Among M=Ce, Pr, Nd, Mg, Ca, Be, Sr, the Ba one or both or two or more composition, one or both among N=Mn, Fe, Mo, Co, Al, Si, Ga, S, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Ru, Rh, Cd, W, Hf, Ta, B, P, Ge, As, Se, In, the Sn or two or more composition.
Nickel-metal hydrides (Ni-MH) secondary battery negative pole that adopts the present invention the to propose comprehensive electrochemical of novel rare-earth series hydrogen storage alloy electrode comprises that loading capacity, cyclical stability and high magnification characteristic have all obtained tangible improvement.Charge and discharge under the condition at little electric current, its performance has surpassed business-like traditional AB 5Hydrogen-storing alloy as electrode.Its cost is cheaper in addition, therefore in the near future, will replace existing traditional AB 5Hydrogen-storing alloy as electrode and become a new generation nickel-metal hydrides (Ni-MH) secondary battery negative pole hydrogen-storing alloy as electrode, its cost performance will substantially exceed lithium-ion secondary cell, thereby improve the market competitiveness of nickel-metal hydrides (Ni-MH) secondary cell greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is according to New-type hydrogen-storing RE electrode alloy La described in the embodiment 1 0.7Mg 0.3(NiCoAl) xLoading capacity of (x=2,3,3.5,4) electrode and the relation curve between the cycle index;
Fig. 2 is according to hydrogen-bearing rare-earth alloy as electrode La described in the embodiment 2 0.7Mg 0.3(NiCoAl) xThe high-multiplying power discharge rational curve of (x=2,3,3.5,4) electrode;
Fig. 3 is according to the tradition of commercialization described in comparative example AB 5The New-type hydrogen-storing RE electrode alloy La that method obtains described in hydrogen-occlussion alloy electrode and the embodiment 1 0.7Mg 0.3(NiCoAl) 3.5The loading capacity of electrode and the relation curve between the cycle index.
Embodiment
Nickel-metal hydrides (Ni-MH) secondary battery negative pole is 2,3,3.5,4 with New-type hydrogen-storing RE electrode alloy B side stoichiometric ratio x.Vacuum magnetic suspension stove or electric arc furnace preparation are adopted in the melting of New-type hydrogen-storing RE electrode alloy.
Embodiment 1
According to New-type hydrogen-storing RE electrode alloy AB xThe design mix of (x=2,2.5,3,3.5) adopts vacuum magnetic suspension stove melting preparation.The alloy of institute's melting comprises: La 0.7Mg 0.3(NiCo) x, La 0.7Mg 0.3(NiCoMn) x, La 0.7Mg 0.3(NiCoAl) x, La 0.7Mg 0.3(NiCoFe) x, La 0.7Mg 0.3(NiCoMnAl) x, La 0.7Mg 0.3(NiCoMo) x, La 0.7Mg 0.3(NiCoS) x, La 0.7Mg 0.3(NiCoSi) x, La 0.7Mg 0.3(NiCoGa) xWherein, x=2,2.5,3,3.5, the purity of alloy constituent element La, Mg, Mn, Ni, Fe, Mo, Co, Al, Si, Ga, S is all more than 90%.Respectively get alloy part then and carry out the test of electrochemistry cycle life.This test is to carry out in an open type three-electrode system, and it comprises a working electrode (being hydrogen-occlussion alloy electrode), a sintering Ni (OH) 2/ NiOOH supporting electrode and a Hg/HgO reference electrode.Electrolytic solution adopts the 6N KOH aqueous solution, and probe temperature remains on 303K.All test electrodes all are to form by uniform mixing 100mg hydrogen-storing alloy as electrode powder (300 order) and 400mg carbonyl nickel powder and the electrode slice that is pressed into diameter 10mm, thickness 1mm under the pressure of 20Mpa.Electrode adopts the current charges of 100mA/g, the current discharge of 60mA/g, and wherein the duration of charging is 5 hours, the discharge stopping potential is-0.6V (with respect to the Hg/HgO reference electrode).
Embodiment 2
Alloy is still selected the New-type hydrogen-storing RE electrode alloy AB of institute's melting among the embodiment 1 for use x(x=2,3,3.5,4,5), and respectively get alloy part and carry out the high rate capability test.The making method of test macro and electrode slice is identical with embodiment 1.Probe temperature remains on 303K.Electrode adopts the current charges of 100mA/g, and the current discharge of 60mA/g charged 5 hours, then discharge (I under different discharge current densities d=60mA/g, 250mA/g, 500mA/g, 750mA/g, 1000mA/g, 1250mA/g, 1500mA/g), the discharge stopping potential is-0.6V (with respect to the Hg/HgO reference electrode).
Comparative example
The business-like rare earth based AB that selected part three general companies produce 5Hydrogen-storing alloy as electrode carries out the test of electrochemistry cycle life to it.The system and the condition of test are all identical with embodiment 1.
As can be seen from Figure 1, along with New-type hydrogen-storing RE electrode alloy AB xThe lifting of stoichiometric ratio x of B side constituent element, the loading capacity of alloy electrode and cyclical stability have all obtained tangible improvement, especially stoichiometry alloy A B 3.5, its high discharge capacity reaches 396mAh/g, and capability retention still reaches 77.5% after 250 circulations.
As can be seen from Figure 2, along with New-type hydrogen-storing RE electrode alloy AB xThe change of stoichiometric ratio x of B side constituent element, the high-rate discharge ability of alloy electrode has also obtained tangible improvement.To stoichiometry alloy A B 3.5, when discharge current density was 250mA/g, its HRD value was up to 96.91%, and when discharge current density was 1500mA/g, its HRD value still can reach 75.61%.
As can be seen from Figure 3, charge and discharge under the condition at the 60mA/g electric current, novel rare-earth is stoichiometry alloy A B 3.5Comprehensive electrochemical obviously be better than business-like rare earth based AB 5Hydrogen-storing alloy as electrode, its peak capacity is than business-like rare earth based AB 5The peak capacity of hydrogen-storing alloy as electrode exceeds nearly 80mAh/g, and cyclical stability is also not second to business-like rare earth based AB 5Hydrogen-storing alloy as electrode.

Claims (3)

1. a new rare-earth based hydrogen storage electrode alloy used for Nickel-Metal Hydride rechargeable batteries is characterized in that, its composition is: AB x, A=La wherein 1-yM y, B=(NiCoN), 0.01≤y≤0.8; 2.0≤x≤4.0; Among M=Ce, Pr, Nd, Mg, Ca, Be, Sr, the Ba one or both or two or more composition, one or both among N=Mn, Fe, Mo, Co, Al, Si, Ga, S, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Ru, Rh, Cd, W, Hf, Ta, B, P, Ge, As, Se, In, the Sn or two or more composition.
2. the novel hydrogen-storing alloy as electrode of a kind of nickel-metal hydrides according to claim 1 (Ni-MH) secondary cell is characterized in that, New-type hydrogen-storing RE electrode alloy B side stoichiometric ratio x is 2,2.5,3,3.5,4.0.
3. a kind of nickle-metal hydride secondary battery hydrogen-storing alloy as electrode according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, vacuum magnetic suspension stove or electric arc furnace preparation are adopted in the melting of said New-type hydrogen-storing RE electrode alloy.
CNB011318996A 2001-12-26 2001-12-26 New-type hydrogen-storing RE electrode alloy for secondary Ni-metal oxide battery Expired - Fee Related CN1173055C (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1297021C (en) * 2005-05-31 2007-01-24 钢铁研究总院 Cathode material in use for nickel-hydrogen battery in high capacity
FR2918389A1 (en) * 2007-07-06 2009-01-09 Saft Groupe Sa NEGATIVE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR ACCUMULATOR NICKEL METAL HUDRURE
CN100452492C (en) * 2003-02-28 2009-01-14 三洋电机株式会社 Hydrogen absorbing alloy, electrode thereof and nickel-metal hydride battery
CN101831619A (en) * 2010-05-28 2010-09-15 浙江大学 Nano-crystalline Mg-Ni multilayer composite film and preparation method thereof
CN1953249B (en) * 2005-09-21 2010-11-24 三洋电机株式会社 Alkaline storage cell
CN101638740B (en) * 2009-08-17 2011-05-18 济南大学 Copper-bearing hydrogen storage alloy and preparation method thereof
CN109868390A (en) * 2017-12-04 2019-06-11 北京有色金属研究总院 A kind of rare-earth-nickel-base AB2Type hydrogen storage alloy material and preparation method

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100452492C (en) * 2003-02-28 2009-01-14 三洋电机株式会社 Hydrogen absorbing alloy, electrode thereof and nickel-metal hydride battery
CN1297021C (en) * 2005-05-31 2007-01-24 钢铁研究总院 Cathode material in use for nickel-hydrogen battery in high capacity
CN1953249B (en) * 2005-09-21 2010-11-24 三洋电机株式会社 Alkaline storage cell
FR2918389A1 (en) * 2007-07-06 2009-01-09 Saft Groupe Sa NEGATIVE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR ACCUMULATOR NICKEL METAL HUDRURE
EP2014779A1 (en) * 2007-07-06 2009-01-14 Saft Groupe S.A. Negative active material for hydride metal nickel accumulator
CN101638740B (en) * 2009-08-17 2011-05-18 济南大学 Copper-bearing hydrogen storage alloy and preparation method thereof
CN101831619A (en) * 2010-05-28 2010-09-15 浙江大学 Nano-crystalline Mg-Ni multilayer composite film and preparation method thereof
CN109868390A (en) * 2017-12-04 2019-06-11 北京有色金属研究总院 A kind of rare-earth-nickel-base AB2Type hydrogen storage alloy material and preparation method
CN109868390B (en) * 2017-12-04 2020-12-18 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 Rare earth-nickel base AB2Hydrogen storage alloy material and preparation method thereof

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