CN1374370A

CN1374370A - Production process of biological diesel oil

Info

Publication number: CN1374370A
Application number: CN01107895A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林华超
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-03-12
Filing date: 2001-03-12
Publication date: 2002-10-16

Abstract

The production process of biological diesel oil using acidified plant oil, sewer oil and fried oil as material includes esterification; vacuum distilling-off of methyl ester while adding proper amount of polymerization inhibitor to inhibit the further polymerization of methyl ester and raise the yield of methyl ester; and cooling the distillate to 0 deg.c and filtering off the separated matter to obtain liquid methyl ester or biological diesel oil. The biological diesel oil has performance indexes similar to 0# diesel oil and may be used as the substitute of 0# diesel oil. The present invention has excellent environment protecting effect.

Description

A kind of production method of biofuel

The present invention be a kind of be the method for raw material production fuel methyl esters (abbreviation biofuel) with acidifying plant oil (obtaining through acidification), of animal or plant nature waste grease (water drain oil, food reclaim the fried waste oil of frying in shallow oil) by the vegetable oil residue material.

There is a large amount of pin material to produce in the vegetables oil course of processing, also can produces a large amount of of animal or plant nature waste greases in industrial production and the life.How solving the problem of environmental pollution of vegetable oil residue material and animals and plants waste grease, how rationally to utilize the effective constituent in vegetable oil residue material and the of animal or plant nature waste grease, is one of problem of generally being concerned about of China's oil processing industry.Germany ATT Craft Inc. utilizes rapeseed oil to produce the fuel methyl esters and substitutes diesel oil, this method utilizes KOH to produce with ester-interchange method as catalyzer, as raw material,, be difficult to application with physical refining oil in China because of problems such as raw material and production cost and prices; The esterified vegetable oil fuel production method of China Science ﹠ Technology University, Huainan, Anhui Province You Chang, Huainan, Anhui Province coal chemical industry institute adopts five master operations such as pre-treatment, the quick hydrolysis of normal pressure, pre-esterification, distillation and resterification to produce the fuel methyl esters, there is not well to solve the repolymerization reaction problem of reactant in the still-process, yield is lower, this method is not further handled the material after the resterification operation simultaneously, and the performance index of gained fuel methyl esters and 0# diesel oil also have big gap.

The objective of the invention is to stop the polymerization of methyl esters in still-process in the production process, improve yield.

Technical scheme of the present invention is with acidifying plant oil, water drain oil and to reclaim frying oil be raw material, after esterification, under vacuum condition, steam methyl esters, in the still-process of methyl esters, add an amount of stopper, the further polyreaction that stops methyl esters has improved the yield of methyl esters.

After esterification, in the still-process overhead product is cooled to 0 ℃, remove by filter precipitate after, gained liquid is fuel methyl esters (being biofuel).The performance index of this biofuel are close with 0# diesel oil, can be used as the substitute of 0# diesel oil.

Production biofuel of the present invention is a raw material with acidifying plant oil, of animal or plant nature waste grease (water drain oil, food frying waste oil), and its main component is lipid acid and glyceride.The technological process of producing is as follows:

In the esterification pot raw material acid carburetion fat and excessive water content less than 5% industrial methanol under the katalysis of the vitriol oil, under the normal pressure with steam heating and maintain 65-75 ℃, back flow reaction 4-8 hour, its add-on is: raw oil material: methyl alcohol: the vitriol oil=1000: (400-800): 10, after back flow reaction finishes, steam unnecessary methanol steam and send into recovery in the absorption tower.Clout (thick methyl esters) is after leaving standstill 1.5 hours, discharge sour water, washing is after the dehydration tower dehydration again, add 1 ‰ additive boric acid, pump into still kettle after stirring, liquidus temperature is controlled at 220-280 ℃ in the still kettle, and vacuum tightness is distilled under 0.9 condition, overhead product is about 90-97%, and main component is mixed methyl aliphatic ester and a small amount of unreacted lipid acid; Overhead product at cooling tower internal cooling to 0 ℃, is filtered under this temperature and removes the solid of being separated out, and gained liquid is the biofuel of alternative 0# diesel oil.Biofuel can be dissolved each other with arbitrary proportion with diesel oil, and is easy to use.Through platform experiment, the cold starting performance of biofuel, the combustionproperty under the different load, dynamic performance, smoke intensity and smoke discharging temperature etc. are all very nearly the same with 0# diesel oil.Main performance index as shown in Table 1.

Table one, performance index are relatively

Title	Flash-point ℃	Viscosity csl (20 ℃)	Ash %	Calorific value kcal/kg	Cetane number cn	Acid value KOHmg/g
Title	Flash-point ℃	Viscosity csl (20 ℃)	Ash %	Calorific value kcal/kg	Cetane number cn	Acid value KOHmg/g	Biofuel	≮85	?8.0	0.001	10001	?51	≯5.0
0# diesel oil	≮65	?3.0-8.0	≯ 0.025	10200	≮50	?/	Biofuel	≮85	?8.0	0.001	10001	?51	≯5.0

Embodiment one

1000 kilograms of acidifying plant oil, water content are added in the esterification pot for 10 kilograms less than 5% 650 kilograms of industrial methanols, the vitriol oil, under the normal pressure with steam heating and maintain 65-75 ℃, back flow reaction 4-8 hour.Back flow reaction left standstill 1.5 hours after finishing, and discharged sour water, washing again, through the dehydration tower dehydration, methanol steam reclaims in the methyl alcohol absorption tower, obtains thick methyl esters after the dehydration, obtain 971 kilograms of thick methyl esters after the dehydration, the boric acid that adds 1 kilogram pumps into still kettle after stirring, and liquidus temperature is controlled at 220-280 ℃ in the still kettle, vacuum tightness is distilled under 0.9 condition, obtains 859 kilograms of overhead products; Overhead product at cooling tower internal cooling to 0 ℃, is filtered under this temperature and removes the solid of being separated out, obtain 848 kilograms of fuel methyl esters (being biofuel).Biofuel is by the national standard detected result: flash-point ≮ 85 ℃, and viscosity 8.0cs1 (20 ℃), ash 0.001%, calorific value 10001kcal/kg, cetane value 51, acid value 4.9KOHmg/g does not have mechanical impurity and moisture.

Embodiment two

800 kilograms of water channel oil, water content are added in the esterification pot for 8 kilograms less than 5% 480 kilograms of industrial methanols, the vitriol oil, under the normal pressure with steam heating and maintain 65-75 ℃, back flow reaction 4-8 hour.Back flow reaction left standstill 1.5 hours after finishing, and discharged sour water, washing again, through the dehydration tower dehydration, methanol steam reclaims in the methyl alcohol absorption tower, obtains thick methyl esters after the dehydration, obtain 776 kilograms of thick methyl esters after the dehydration, the boric acid that adds 0.8 kilogram pumps into still kettle after stirring, and liquidus temperature is controlled at 220-280 ℃ in the still kettle, vacuum tightness is distilled under 0.9 condition, obtains 704 kilograms of overhead products; Overhead product at cooling tower internal cooling to 0 ℃, is filtered under this temperature and removes the solid of being separated out, obtain 688 kilograms of fuel methyl esters (being biofuel).

Embodiment three

With food reclaim 600 kilograms in waste oil of frying, water content adds in the esterification pot for 6 kilograms less than 5% 370 kilograms of industrial methanols, the vitriol oil, under the normal pressure with steam heating and maintain 65-75 ℃, back flow reaction 4-8 hour.Back flow reaction left standstill 1.5 hours after finishing, and discharged sour water, washing again, through the dehydration tower dehydration, methanol steam reclaims in the methyl alcohol absorption tower, obtains thick methyl esters after the dehydration, obtain 582 kilograms of thick methyl esters after the dehydration, the boric acid that adds 0.6 kilogram pumps into still kettle after stirring, and liquidus temperature is controlled at 220-280 ℃ in the still kettle, vacuum tightness is distilled under 0.9 condition, obtains 528 kilograms of overhead products; Overhead product at cooling tower internal cooling to 0 ℃, is filtered under this temperature and removes the solid of being separated out, obtain 516 kilograms of fuel methyl esters (being biofuel).The fuel oil performance index of biofuel are measured coming to the same thing of result and embodiment one.

Claims

1, a kind of production method of biofuel is a raw material with esterified vegetable oil, water drain oil and recovery frying oil, after esterification, steams methyl esters and be biofuel under vacuum condition, it is characterized in that adding in vacuum distilling stopper boric acid.

2, the production method of biofuel according to claim 1 is characterized in that the above-mentioned methyl esters that distills out is cooled to 0C, and filters under this temperature and remove the solid of being separated out, and is biofuel.

3, the production method of biofuel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that will be in the esterification pot raw material acid carburetion fat and excessive water content less than 5% industrial methanol under the katalysis of the vitriol oil, under the normal pressure with steam heating and maintain 65-75 ℃, back flow reaction 4-8 hour, its add-on is: raw oil material: methyl alcohol: the vitriol oil=1000: (400-800): 10, after back flow reaction finishes, steam unnecessary methanol steam and send into recovery in the absorption tower; Clout (thick methyl esters) is after leaving standstill 1.5 hours, discharge sour water, washing is after the dehydration tower dehydration again, add 1 ‰ additive boric acid, pump into still kettle after stirring, liquidus temperature is controlled at 220-280 ℃ in the still kettle, and vacuum tightness is distilled under 0.9 condition, overhead product is about 90-97%, and main component is mixed methyl aliphatic ester and a small amount of unreacted lipid acid; Overhead product at cooling tower internal cooling to 0 ℃, is filtered under this temperature and removes the solid of being separated out, and gained liquid is the biofuel of alternative 0# diesel oil.